Taliban's Latest Propaganda: Its Forces Killed 5,220 Foreign Troops
KABUL, Afghanistan — The Taliban has long exaggerated its military successes, but its figures for 2008 may be the militia's most startling claims yet.
The Taliban claims its forces last year killed 5,220 foreign troops, downed 31 aircraft, destroyed 2,818 NATO and Afghan vehicles and killed 7,552 Afghan soldiers and police.
Though third-party observers can rarely confirm casualty claims on the Afghan battlefield from the Taliban, the Afghan government, the U.S. or NATO, the Taliban's 2008 numbers would appear to be far from the truth.
NATO's member countries announce all troop deaths, providing names, ages and hometowns and how the soldiers were killed. According to an Associated Press tally of those announcements, 286 foreign military personnel died last year in Afghanistan, including 151 Americans and 51 Britons.
The AP's tally for U.S. deaths is less than the 155 listed for Operation Enduring Freedom by the Defense Department, which includes four personnel who supported the war effort but died in incidents outside Afghanistan _ two in Djibouti and two from the Marriott hotel bombing in Pakistan.
The Taliban's toll is almost 20 times higher.
Despite the inflated toll, the Taliban have had more success recently. Violence in Afghanistan has spiked in the last two years, and Taliban militants now control wide swaths of countryside. In response, the U.S. is planning to pour up to 30,000 more troops into the country this year.
The insurgents' exaggerations are designed to boost morale inside the Taliban and to attract financing from donors sympathetic to their cause, a U.S. military official and a Taliban expert said.
"They put out this propaganda in order to raise capital to continue their operations," said Col. Jerry O'Hara, a U.S. military spokesman.
Vahid Mojdeh, the author of a book on the Taliban, said the exaggerated claims help the insurgents recruit new fighters.
"The Taliban needs volunteers to carry out suicide attacks, so they want to show they are killing a lot of people," Mojdeh said.
Propaganda has long been a key element in war, particularly in conflicts where the sides are fighting to win support from the population.
The Taliban exaggerates U.S. or NATO deaths in order to persuade average Afghans that the insurgents are winning, while U.S. and NATO spokesmen frequently highlight construction projects _ roads and schools _ to Afghan journalists in the hopes that average Afghans will associate foreign troops with increased development.
NATO rarely releases militant death tolls from battles involving its troops, and military spokesmen often say that it doesn't matter how many militants its forces kill, only that the Afghan government continues to develop.
But the separate U.S. coalition, which is responsible for about 15,000 of the 65,000 foreign troops in the country, releases militant tolls more frequently, leaving the U.S. open to charges of exaggeration. The U.S. relies on reports from battlefield commanders and sometimes uses sophisticated equipment such as thermal radar that can sense the body heat put off by militants _ or other people _ no longer moving on a battlefield.
After an operation in the western village of Azizabad in August, the U.S. military said 30 militants had been killed. A day later it revised that toll to 25 militants and five civilians.
But amid allegations by the U.N. and the Afghan government that the battle had killed 90 civilians, the U.S. sent a one-star general to investigate, and he found that 22 militants and 33 civilians were killed.
Mojdeh, the Taliban expert, said that while he is sure the Taliban exaggerates its numbers, "I don't know how we can trust the numbers of the Americans."
In 2008 the AP recorded 3,800 militant deaths based on claims primarily from Afghan officials and the U.S. coalition. Afghan officials sometimes say they base their count on bodies recovered from the battlefield, but other times they base their count on "intelligence reports."
A Taliban spokesman, Zabiullah Mujahid, stood by the militia's numbers in a telephone interview Monday, saying that its fighters film every operation and verify the tolls.
"The numbers I have given to you, that is counted one by one," he said. "When we say there are 2,818 vehicles destroyed, that is a correct number. Why aren't we saying 2,820? Because we have reports of 2,818."
Mojdeh said that some of the exaggerations likely come from false assumptions. For instance, he said, if a roadside bomb hits a U.S. Humvee, then the Taliban probably report four U.S. deaths, even if everyone inside the armored vehicle survives.
(This version CORRECTS Corrects spelling of Marriott in graf 5.)
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JASON STRAZIUSO and RAHIM FAIEZ | January 5, 2009 10:55 PM EST |
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