'Gasland' Documentary Shows Water That Burns, Toxic Effects Of Natural Gas Drilling (VIDEO)
MILANVILLE, Pa. (AP)-- What do you do when a gas company offers nearly $100,000 for the right to drill on your land?
If you're Josh Fox, you refuse the money - then make an award-winning documentary portraying the natural gas industry as an environmental menace that ruins water, air and lives.
In "Gasland," premiering Monday at 9 p.m. EDT on HBO, Fox presents a frightening scenario in which tens of thousands of drilling rigs take over the landscape, gas companies exploit legal loopholes to inject toxins into the ground and residents living nearby contract severe, unexplained illnesses.
This isn't some dystopian nightmare, Fox says, but the harsh reality in communities from Texas to Colorado to Pennsylvania. "People are feeling completely upended," the 37-year-old filmmaker said in an interview at his woodland home near the Pennsylvania-New York border, where gas companies have been leasing thousands of acres of pristine watershed land in anticipation of a drilling boom.
WATCH: "Gasland" clip shows tap water contaminated with combustible gases from nearby natural gas wells
Fox says the natural gas industry is selling the American public a lie. The industry calls "Gasland" a deeply flawed piece of propaganda.
Whatever the truth, Fox's film arrives at a fraught time. Between the Gulf oil spill and several recent mishaps involving natural gas extraction, the public is focused on energy - and the increasingly complicated ways we are getting it.
Just as the Gulf catastrophe illustrated the hazards of unchecked deep-water oil drilling, so, too, are gas companies failing to make investments that will safeguard the environment when something goes wrong, Fox argues.
"After a while, the gas rig just seemed like a car made in 1890 ... something fundamentally unsafe," he declares in "Gasland." He wonders aloud whether it's better to force gas companies to clean up their act "or just say, 'The hell with it. Can't we build a solar panel instead?'"
Bespectacled, unshaven and the product of "hippie parents," Fox made his name as an avant-garde theater director in New York City. He took an interest in drilling after a gas company approached him in 2008 about leasing his family's wooded 20-acre spread in Milanville, near the Delaware River, where he has lived since childhood.
To Fox, the offer seemed too good to be true.
"That was nearly $100,000 right in my hands," he says in the film. "Could it be that easy?"
Intent on finding out, he casts himself in the role of a "natural gas drilling detective," hopping into his beat-up 1992 Toyota for a cross-country tour of places where large-scale drilling is already under way.
He begins in Dimock, Pa., where an exploding water well revealed methane contamination that has ruined residents' drinking water supplies. He's handed a jar of mysterious yellow-brown liquid and asked to find out what's in it, setting up the film's principal drama.
From there, Fox heads west. He hears the same story in town after town: contaminated water; fouled air; mysterious illnesses; a deceived citizenry; regulators who aren't regulating.
In Colorado and Wyoming, Fox finds more sings of destruction, according to a Washington Post review:
Mountain streams that now bubble with toxic vapors and a frantic woman who's helpfully kept in her spare freezer all the dead animals she's discovered on her land. Gas wells surround all this.
Fox struggles to remain optimistic, but the sheer enormity of it all - a drilling campaign in more than half the states - wears him down.
"I wanted to get out of Gasland as fast as I could, but there was nowhere to go," he says in the film.
"Gasland" has won critical acclaim - including a special jury prize at the Sundance Film Festival - but the industry has challenged its veracity. A 4,000-word rebuttal by a coalition of gas and oil producers asserts that Fox botched the facts, misstating the drilling process and the regulations that govern it, and spotlighting citizens whose claims have already been investigated and debunked.
"The object of the film is to shock, and not to enlighten," said Chris Tucker, spokesman for the Energy in Depth coalition. "If that's the kind of project you're trying to do, you're not going to let a few silly facts get in the way."
Fox insists that "Gasland" is accurate, rejecting the Energy in Depth analysis as a "ridiculous mischaracterization" of the film.
"The industry smears anybody who comes out and says what's actually happening. That's the kind of tactic they're well-known for," he said.
If gas companies are his primary target, "Gasland" apportions plenty of blame to politicians and bureaucrats, including former Vice President Dick Cheney - who helped craft an energy bill that critics say exempted a controversial drilling technique from regulatory oversight - and the Obama administration.
"We're still asleep at the wheel," Weston Wilson, an Environmental Protection Agency scientist, whistle-blower and industry critic, tells Fox. "And don't assume, because Obama got elected, that something's changed at the EPA."
Fox is screening "Gasland" in towns throughout Pennsylvania and New York, hoping it will persuade on-the-fence homeowners to tell the gas companies to scram.
The same companies, meanwhile, are still trying to lease Fox's land. The latest offer arrived just a few weeks ago.
"Apparently, they didn't get the memo," said Fox, chortling. "Unbelievable!"
WATCH: "Gasland" trailer
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AP / Huffington Post First Posted: 06/21/10 04:21 PM ET Updated: 05/25/11 05:50 PM ET