iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Alex Nowrasteh

GET UPDATES FROM Alex Nowrasteh
 

Liberals Need to Choose: Welfare State or Immigration

Posted: 03/ 2/2012 6:40 am

Overcoming the costs of the welfare state is the biggest challenge faced by proponents of immigration reform. The perception that immigrants use and abuse the welfare state is prevalent just about anywhere you look. Many voters and politicians believe that immigrants drain the welfare state. So the thinking goes, any increase in immigration will increase the number of people on welfare which will increase taxes for Americans. Very few people would want to pay more taxes in that scenario, so most people are skeptical of immigration.

Even Milton Friedman once famously said, "It's just obvious you can't have free immigration and a welfare state." Unfortunately, many people have seized on that observation to conclude that we need to restrict immigration to keep the welfare state from collapsing. They ought to look at what else he went on to say about immigration:

"It's a good thing for the illegal immigrants. It's a good thing for the United States. It's a good thing for the citizens of the country. But, it's only good so long as it's illegal . . . Because as long as it's illegal the people who come in do not qualify for welfare, they don't qualify for Social Security, they don't qualify for the other myriad of benefits that we pour out from our left pocket to our right pocket."

However, Friedman need not have worried. The American welfare state is designed to aid the elderly, female, and sick. Immigrants, especially undocumented immigrants, are young, male, and healthy. Therefore, undocumented immigrants account for a much smaller share of welfare spending than their population size would suggest. All immigrants are less likely to move to states with large welfare programs in recent years.

A 2006 RAND Corporation study, published in Health Affairs, found that in Los Angeles County immigrants, especially the undocumented, were about half as likely as natives to have chronic health conditions. Furthermore, while immigrants were almost half of L.A. County's population, they accounted for only one third of the region's total health care spending. A 2007 study in the Archives of Internal Medicine showed that Mexican and other Hispanic immigrants had many fewer doctor and hospital visits on average than native-born Americans. Another 2007 study by the Kaiser Family Foundation found that low-income immigrants primarily relied upon clinics and health centers for care and used emergency rooms less often than American citizens.

The 1996 welfare reform law cut back welfare access for legal immigrants and virtually ended it for all undocumented immigrants with some exceptions for emergency care. Yet even among eligible immigrants, consumption of welfare services is lower than among citizens. More recently, 57 percent of citizens eligible for Medicaid had enrolled in the program, compared to only 30 percent of eligible immigrants.

And, contrary to the fear-mongering claims of "welfare rights" activists, these cutbacks have not harmed immigrants. On the contrary, child poverty rates decreased for immigrants relative to natives after the 1996 welfare reform. That may have had a lot to do with the growing economy, but it demonstrates that limiting immigrant welfare use does not necessarily increase poverty. It turns out that a growing or shrinking economy has more to do with poverty than the welfare state.

That also presents a simple solution to the immigration impasse: Build a wall around the welfare state. Short of the preferable goal of eliminating the American welfare state, further restricting its use by immigrants, making them wait longer before they can access it, or making sure that immigrants pay a certain amount in taxes before using it, would go a long way toward convincing Americans that immigration benefits them, as well as the newcomers.

Liberals who actually care about immigration should sacrifice the welfare state, or at least immigrant access to it, as the price for allowing more immigration. That will go a long way toward convincing American voters to allow more legal immigration.

Politically, our welfare state is incompatible with increased legal immigration. The welfare state is supposed to decrease poverty, but all too often fails to do so. The average immigrant can expect a five-fold increase in his or her wages just by moving here. If liberals are concerned about poverty, and not just the relative "poverty" that exists in America, they should realize that free emigration is the best anti-poverty tool for the world's poor.


 

Follow Alex Nowrasteh on Twitter: www.twitter.com/AlexNowrasteh

 
 
  • Comments
  • 143
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2 3 4  Next ›  Last »  (4 total)
01:57 PM on 03/06/2012
"If liberals are concerned about poverty, and not just the relative "poverty" that exists in America, they should realize that free emigration is the best anti-poverty tool for the world's poor."

There lies the truth about what's behind the open-border agenda - ameliorating the lives of the "world's poor." These utopian crypto-communists don't believe in America's greatness or even in the basic principles of national sovereignty or property rights. They just want to flood the developed world with billions of clamoring clawing, ravenous people until we all drown in the mire of their excess. Sounds like a real party - sign me up!
10:38 AM on 03/06/2012
Utterly false.

Every since we stopped investigating and controlling the make-up of households on public assistance, which happened decades ago, a very common household pattern is a female with a child or children living off rent, utility, transportation, food and medical care assistance, with allegedly unattached males living off the taxpayers through her and/or her or their children.

This is how all those "unattached males" are actually welfare recipients. And if you don't address this, you're simply puffing hot air.

Who are you folks, and what, precisely, is your real agenda? Because this is utter nonsense.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
nasknit
Freedom isn't free.
01:29 AM on 03/06/2012
"The 1996 welfare reform law cut back welfare access for legal immigrants and virtually ended it for all undocumented immigrants with some exceptions for emergency care. Yet even among eligible immigrants, consumption of welfare services is lower than among citizens. More recently, 57 percent of citizens eligible for Medicaid had enrolled in the program, compared to only 30 percent of eligible immigrants." Where is the study "site" that documents this assertion? The study published by the Center for Immigration studies in April, 2011 does NOT substantiate his assertion. "Welfare Use By Immigrant Households with Children", which does NOT even take into account Education costs.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
John Derrick
09:08 AM on 03/05/2012
Concerns not mentioned in the article include the hundreds of thousands of illegals that drive our roads with no insurance, drug trafficers, prosititutes and the risk of disease, crime and compromised security due to having an "open" border. These "undocumented" illegals have learned to exist "under the radar" and therefore make it impossible to quote any accurate statistics on their behavior. Many of these same individuals left their own native country to "impose" upon America. Opportuntiy or not, their earnings are as undocumented as they themselves and much of their money goes back across the border where it benefits their relatives and native country, not America. Neighborhoods largely populated with illegals exhibit higher crime demanding the attention of law enforcement (aka taxpayer-funded attention). Bottom line is this; it's illegal to come into this country without going through the proper process...and our government chooses to ignore the law. Forget the defense of illegals and social concerns...it's still illegal for them to be here.
photo
Picosa
dedicated to FACTS & TRUTH
12:41 AM on 03/06/2012
You also stated, " Forget the defense of illegals and social concerns...it's still illegal for them to be here. "

Taking into account laws, without taking into account U.S. gov involvement, like NAFTA, and Americas war on drugs being fought in the countries these migrants are forced to flee from because of Americans insaciable desire for illegal drugs, is DISHONIST, UNIFORMED, MISINFORMED BALONEY.
photo
Picosa
dedicated to FACTS & TRUTH
03:49 PM on 03/06/2012
You stated, "These "undocumented" illegals have learned to exist "under the radar" and therefore make it impossible to quote any accurate statistics on their behavior."

Yet above those remarks you spoke of the, "hundreds of thousands of illegals that drive our roads with no insurance, prosititutes and the risk of disease, and crime.

I left out your comment about 'open borders' because it is FACT that our Northern border is wide open with only 1% being secure. I also left out your remark about drug trafficers, because everyone is aware that they wouldent exist if it werent for Americans insaciable craving for illegal drugs. It's only fair to apply blame on those responsable for the existance of drug trafficers.

You also added other remarks:
1. "Many of these same individuals left their own native country to "impose" upon America."
2. "Opportuntiy or not, their earnings are as undocumented as they themselves and much of their money goes back across the border where it benefits their relatives and native country, not America."
3. "Neighborhoods largely populated with illegals exhibit higher crime demanding the attention of law enforcement (aka taxpayer-funded attention).

If it is as you state, "impossible to quote any accurate statistics on their behavior," why are you making these accusations based on opinions?

There ARE accurate statistices from credible sources on every one of your false statements, you probably just dont like them.
11:50 PM on 03/04/2012
Who cares? The best thing to do for our country is to dump tax cutting republicans.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
turnerj41
07:31 PM on 03/04/2012
This piece offers some idea of the real burden of immigration, however where we do not provide welfare for the undocumented, we increase the "poverty" of a subpopulation that lives and contributes within our borders. On one hand this poverty is still an improvement over many of their home nations, and on the other they lower their stature, and face indignities that we like to think don't exist in this country anymore. What is important to know is that though the net profit may be in the red from this subpopulation, it is not nearly as much as most people claim, and in some way this is just the way we count value. because the lower segments of the economy are seen as being less valuable... essentially we take it for granted; with an energy crisis we may see a shift in that perception. We will never close any border fully, so the point of the immigration war is to pit the lower and middle classes against each other wisely, and it is not hard to do in a false meritocratic system with a shrinking economy. they will be our scapegoats and we will replace their labor as inflation and austerity both increase, and the whole time people will blame our fiscal woes on a contribution that is several orders of magnitude lower than or Medicaid costs.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
dtairtime
It is what it is
01:16 AM on 03/05/2012
Actually in many ways we do provide welfare for the illegals.

They get it at about a 70% rate for their anchors. To think the illegal parents don't benefit from the housing, food stamps, medical, etc for the anchors is false thinking.

Then we have many states that openly give it out to illegals. Here in my state of WA DSHS workers (state employees administrating the federal programs) are forbidden from inquiring status. Coupled with their ability to get drivers licenses here and in NM means they only need to have a false SSN to get anything from many other states too.

Why do you think the same open borders groups and politicians fight strict ID requirements for all welfare programs?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
turnerj41
03:47 AM on 03/05/2012
Your idea of "welfare" versus what welfare is officially is very imprtant. Politifact is not perfect but perhaps you can start their to see the actual cost of providing services to undocumented people versus what they pay in taxes and fees of all sorts.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
nasknit
Freedom isn't free.
01:37 AM on 03/06/2012
Ignoring education costs, are we? Where I live, education for one year, for one child costs $10,000. With FREE education mandated for a minimum of 13 yrs (K-12), that comes out to $130,000 PER Child. That does NOT include Head Start, Preschool, or FREE or reduced cost meals to "poor" students at school (breakfast, lunch, & food sent home to cover the weekend). Don't believe it? Check out the CBO report from Dec 2007, "A CBO Paper The Impact of Unauthorized Immigrants on the Budgets of State and Local Governments". WE are Going Broke! BTW, my school district is facing increasing financial woes, & looking to lay off 150 people (over 18,000 students in the district, with an ever increasing non-English speaking Hispanics).
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
turnerj41
04:52 AM on 03/06/2012
These costs are considered in the GAO accounting I have seen, and it is because it is obvious that people who live pay rent, and people who have rent paid to them, pay property taxes, then it is obvious that all people contribute to their school district. The fact that we are going broke or dont have as much money as we want for schools is not primarily an immigration issue... a politically and economically disenfranchised population is being scapegoated.
06:03 PM on 03/04/2012
The bottom line is that it is immoral to spend our scarce rescources on illegal foreigners than on American citizens in need. Deport them all.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
02:12 PM on 03/04/2012
Why are Mexicans the poster children for illegal immigration when there are sooooo many people from developed countries that come here on visas and never leave after the green card marriage, employer sponser or anchor baby birth? You forgot to mention that the American corporate food industry's huge profits are reliant on cheap illegal labor, and that the food industry makes huge contributions to the political right to protect their interests. Call it liberal, conservative or whatever, but I'd like to get rid of immigration and welfare.
photo
humanbeing-rick
Born in the USA 1947
12:53 PM on 03/04/2012
There is a bit of a dichotomy here.
"Politically, our welfare state is incompatible with increased legal immigration."
Yet
"It turns out that a growing or shrinking economy has more to do with poverty than the welfare state."

In practical terms, America should limit immigration, since we cannot employ the people that are already here. Importing more people will worsen that situation for our people, regardless of the welfare state.
iridium53
Semper Fi
11:32 AM on 03/04/2012
Radical right-wing ultra-conservative jingoists need to choose: cutting national debt or continuing to expand the defense budget.

http://www.warresisters.org/pages/piechart.htm

http://jimcgreevy.com/gvdc/Natl_Debt_Chart.html
http://tpmdc.talkingpointsmemo.com/2011/05/chart-bush-policies-dominant-cause-of-debt.php
06:00 PM on 03/04/2012
Actually, if we get rid of all the BS spending you progressives like so much, we can cut spending and still have a strong defense budget.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Robert SF
08:36 PM on 03/04/2012
Perhaps, but why would you want it that way? The spending you call BS goes to people, while military spending goes to the top 1%.
01:21 PM on 03/05/2012
If we didn't spend one dime on defense, the national debt would continue to increase.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
jcaunter
Profile: schizoid, INTJ
04:50 AM on 03/04/2012
I say dump the Federal Reserve system, and the welfare state, immigration, and even our multiple voluntary foreign wars will instantly solve themselves in real time.
03:28 PM on 03/04/2012
Do you remember How Strong America's Economy was in 2007?

Before Congress Dumped Immigration Reform at the Bad Advice of Extremist Groups for The January 2008 start of "Attrition", and Deportations?

Before Hundreds of Thousands of Vacated Immigrants Homes triggered the "Foreclosure Crisis?

Before entire States were largely vacated causing Construction. and Growth to Halt, costing Millions of Americans their jobs, and leaving States with massive excesses of Total Government, not just Teachers?

Before America Attacked "Hard Labor", and became a "Welfare State"?

Before Crops rotted in Fields, and Food Costs Sky Rocketed?

Before Over Five Thousand Hispanic Children were in Foster Care?

Before Thirteen Thousand Hispanic Immigrants were Incarcerated for years with out even being charged?

Before over one Hundred Non Charged, Non Criminal Immigrants Died in Custody.

Before Over Forty-two Thousand Hispanic "Human Beings" Died at the Harsh U.S. Mexico Border where I.C.E. has Deported Hundreds of Thousands into a known "Drug War", with nothing, not even water, to be killed or to Die of exposure?

Before Humanitarians in Arizona were actually Prosecuted for leaving water in the Desert for the Dying?

When America was the Home of "Good, and Brotherhood, from Sea to shining Sea?
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
dtairtime
It is what it is
01:29 AM on 03/05/2012
Wow what a load of baloney.

The 2007 economy was built on false banking and a false housing bubble.

Both had nowhere to go but down and both are only applicable in an environment of massive population growth.

The economic uptick we had was destined to fail for many reasons but foremost is it was based on a ponzi scheme where the only way for it to survive was through a ever increasing population boom.

That can never occur because we are already facing shortages of just about everything we MUST have to continue any quality of life. Water, every energy product, good land, etc are all in short supply. On the other side our infrastructure can't possibly keep up. We have no places for landfills, sewage treatment plants, etc. We are paving over farmland at an alarming rate - soon we will also need to be a food importer.

Go visit china or india - let us know how you like mass humanity and how those countries deal with their poor? I would hope you would want better for our poor. Since we can't possibly even care for those we have, why do you hate them so much that you want them to have to share what little they get with millions more poor from other countries?
10:35 PM on 03/03/2012
Illegal immigrants who avoid detection and repatriation will not be young and healthy forever. Also, the longer such foreign nationals refuse to return to their home countries the more likely it is they will have children in this country. Will a majority of these children grow to become academic superstars? Based on current trends the prognosis is grim.
03:15 PM on 03/04/2012
This Great Nation of Immigrants was built on Hard Labor.

Our Economy has Crashed as a Direct Result of our January 2008 "Attrition" Attack on Hard Labor.

Fact: For Every Good Hard Working Immigrant we have Deported, or Incarcerated America has lost over Four times as many American Jobs!

Every Stimulus, Bail Out, Cash for Clunkers, Jobs Bill, Mortgage Program, ect. has occurred by two Presidents thus far at the Bad Advice of "academic Superstars", and it has only been Treating the Symptoms of the Deportation/"Attrition" Damage to our Economy.

This Great Nation of Immigrants was built on Far Better Principles, and Values than to rip apart Good, Christian Families, and Deport Parent away from their legal Citizen Children or Families.

Give these Children ,Our own Citizen Children a Fair Chance to become Academic Superstars!

They can hardly do worse than those who's "Attrition" has Crashed, and Divided our Country.

"Attrition", and I.C.E. Put the car in the Ditch.

To: Good, and Brotherhood, from Sea to shining Sea.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
nasknit
Freedom isn't free.
01:49 AM on 03/06/2012
Interesting assertion. Apparently you are NOT aware of the current 40% drop out rate in Hispanic population.
10:06 PM on 03/03/2012
How about we end welfare for too big to fail banks and reintroduce tariffs. Then we can have all the immigration and low income welfare we want. Why do we have to choose again?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
nasknit
Freedom isn't free.
01:52 AM on 03/06/2012
I wasn't in favor of those either. And, IF you think WE can "have all the immigration and low income welfare we want", YOU have Zero education on the economics of running a country. WE can Go BROKE! There is NO such thing as a "free lunch"- someone pays for it, & it's usually the American tax payers.
07:48 AM on 03/06/2012
Actually it's the working class that pays for it in labor. Americans have become far more productive with far less to show for it in the last 40 years. Free trade, the drug war,and the IMF have created a disastrous world economy for working people here and abroad. This is why we have so many immigrant workers all over the world, and why people are afraid of immigrants in America. Fear not your fellow human, fear your corporate dukes and earls.
04:40 PM on 03/03/2012
Any one Remember the Strong America in 2007, before the start of the E-verify (Attrition) Law, and the I.C.E. Deportations?

Before the Recession?

Before our New wonderful Deficit?

Before our now Welfare State?

Before Hundreds of Thousands of Homes were vacated, and before the "Foreclosure Crisis"?

Before over Five Thousand legal Hispanic Children were placed in Foster Care?

Before Thirteen Thousand Hispanics were Incarcerated for years with out charges?
Before Over One Hundred Hispanic Immigrants Died in Custody?

Before Over Forty-two Thousand Hispanic "Human Beings" Died at the Harsh U.S. Mexico Border where I.C.E. has Deported/Dumped Hundreds of Thousands of "Human's" with nothing, not even water into a known "Drug War", to be killed, or to Die of the Elements?

Before Humanitarians in Arizona were actually Prosecuted for leaving water in the Harsh Desert for the Dying?

Remember Good?

"Blessed are the Merciful, for they shall Obtain Mercy."

To: God Blessing America.
04:31 PM on 03/03/2012
In 2007 our Congress decide to drop Immigration Reform, for the January 2008 start of the E-verify (Attrition) Law, and the Hitler like I.C.E. Deportation/Incarceration Programs.

January 2008 was the start of "The Worst Recession in U.S. History", our New Wonderful Deficit, and Yes the Welfare State formerly known as the Greatest Nation on Earth.

Before the Deportations, Incarcerations, and "Attrition" of America's Hardest, Most Devoted workers, who's crime was to have a "Dream" to one day be able to be one of us, an "American."

"America is great because it is good, when it ceases to be good, it ceases to be great."
Alex De Tocqueville

Ripping apart Good, Hard Working Families, and Deporting Good Christian Parents away from their legal Citizen Children, or Families, Is Not GOOD!

"Attrition", and I.C.E. Put the Car in the Ditch.

This Great Nation of Immigrants was Built on Far Better Principles, and Values than "Attrition"!

We must Remember what made us be the Country that People are willing to risk all, including their very lives to be a part of!

To: Good/Prosperity? They go Hand in Hand!
10:40 PM on 03/03/2012
What is "Hitler like" about repatriating unauthorized foreign nationals to their home countries? As I recall, the Third Reich deported most of its own Jewish citizens to OTHER countries where they were then systematically exterminated. Don't be so melodramatic.