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Alexandra Katehakis, M.F.T.

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Gay Culture and Sex Addiction: Coming Out, Acting Out?

Posted: 12/13/11 06:55 PM ET

Support for gay marriage is on the rise. Every new survey shows greater tolerance and greater acceptance of the fact that homosexuality is a personally integral and relational truth that warrants equal rights.

With this support, we also see the rise of greater diversity in gay culture depicted by the media. Certainly the suburban gay parent is a fairly recent standard prototype in the collective consciousness that has gained traction from popular fiction, namely Modern Family and The Kids Are All Right, and from real-life celebrity parents like Rosie O'Donnell and Neil Patrick Harris.

The suburban gay parent does much to humanize the prevailing stereotype that depicts lesbians and gay men solely as promiscuous and unstable, propagated just last month by the conservative, religious website LifeSiteNews in response to Newsweek's recent cover story on sex addiction: "[H]omosexuals are known for having superficial, short-term relationships and hundreds of lifetime sex partners..." (That's perhaps the least offensive quote in their homophobic article.)

I have to wonder about the degree to which any so-called "deviant" lifestyle traits displayed by LGBT people are ultimately an inherent psychological reaction to institutionalized homophobia at every level.

Let's take this trip. First, there's the closet, this toxic idea that it's not OK to be gay, compelling LGBT children to hide their truth. Gay kids live in silence for fear of the repercussions of disclosure, which can include rejection, abandonment, and bullying to the point of suicide. Gay bullying is perpetrated by peers, parents, teachers, community leaders, and world leaders.

While many minorities suffer oppression, from disenfranchisement to outright discrimination to persecution, few minorities additionally experience such extreme degrees of intimidated relational repression during formative years as the LGBT community. What effect does this have on people? As a result of this coerced repression, there exists insufficient co-regulation to explore appropriate relational valuing, which is the process of integrating personal reality with authentic expression that results in healthy, intimate relationships.

Instead, an abyss has to be crossed where a child "comes out." For LGBT people, this is a rite of passage with a wide range of emotions that is experienced mostly in emotional isolation.

The process of coming out results in highly emotive events that border on the traumatic, and these initial experiences have a profound effect on the psyches of LGBT people, especially while brains are still forming in teenage years. Such traumatic, emotionally isolated events can become psychologically idealized, because there is so much personal meaning behind the experience of reaching a positive state of self-acceptance. This ideation is often transposed onto the attending circumstances, which might include conflict, denial, deception, fear, anonymity, and sexual experimentation. This is practically a recipe for an involuntary pattern of sex addiction and/or love addiction to emerge over the long term. To state this clearly: sex and love addiction have little to do with actual pleasure and more to do with unconsciously replaying the emotional features of repressed trauma. The just-released film Shame eloquently underscores this reality.

Coming out is, of course, a long and painful process. In the initial stages, anonymity reflects a crucial and reasonable need for self-preservation for any closeted gay person, whether cruising the Internet or the gay scene. Early casual sex hookups provide not only a sexual release for pent-up stress but also a means of connection with the larger gay community and even sex education through those with shared experiences. As a result, gay sex often becomes synonymous with gay identity.

Most addictions of any nature can be traced back to early childhood trauma. For example, masturbation often becomes a coping mechanism at the onset of puberty, when family power dynamics first start to implode. The release of neurochemicals preceding orgasm numbs painful feelings and creates pleasurable feelings. Seriously, who wouldn't want pleasurable feelings in place of painful feelings? The problem with any addiction is that it does not get rid of painful feelings. They only become dormant and thus prolonged, sometimes reinforced by shame and grief, over time growing more painful until they are finally processed, either through heroic confrontation or utter chaos.

Most sexual acting out is often an attempt at recreating the original emotive trauma as a means to heal it. Usually the effects of years of denial and compartmentalization have gone unprocessed, despite any appearances to the contrary. Lacking new tools, the trauma merely becomes reinforced and can become a pattern. When this pattern becomes unsatisfying and inescapable, this might be considered an addiction.

One of the roots of sex addiction is an inability to cope with trauma and shame, feelings that LGBT people may struggle with as a community more so than their non-LGBT counterparts. However, gay sex addiction is no different from straight sex addiction.

Still, there can be impenetrable denial on the part of the gay sex addict, who often equates promiscuity with personal empowerment, a self-avowed lifestyle choice that expresses hard-won gay rights. Likewise, sex addiction treatment via professionals or 12-step support can appear as a moralistic judgment against LGBT freedoms rather than what it really is: modeled guidance to greater freedom and choice in relational intimacy and the true individual expression of functional and fulfilling lifelong LGBT values.

 
 
 

Follow Alexandra Katehakis, M.F.T. on Twitter: www.twitter.com/sexaddexpert

Support for gay marriage is on the rise. Every new survey shows greater tolerance and greater acceptance of the fact that homosexuality is a personally integral and relational truth that warrants equ...
Support for gay marriage is on the rise. Every new survey shows greater tolerance and greater acceptance of the fact that homosexuality is a personally integral and relational truth that warrants equ...
 
 
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08:50 AM on 12/16/2011
Beautiful article. Wonderful. As a gay man who has wrestled over the years with some of these very issues, thank you so much fo writing this.
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TaiJi2
01:43 PM on 12/15/2011
"(That's perhaps the least offensive quote in their homophobic article.)"

Are you sure you posted the right link. I didn't see anything in it to justify this characterization. In fact, a text search of the article for the sequence 'homo' resulted in 0 hits.
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Erin84
12:06 PM on 12/15/2011
There are "Sex addicts" in both the straight and gay community. Sorry, had to put quotes around it, because I'm still wrestling with whether or not it's a real condition or just an excuse that egotistical people use try to get away with cheating on their significant others. That's another argument. The point is, there are plenty of guilty heterosexuals. As for mild promiscuity, why does it surprise anyone that gay males as a group display this behavior the most? Bear with me, this is not an argument against homosexuality. Plenty of men can be faithful, committed partners, gay or straight. But gay males belong to the only group whose dating pool consists of all males. It's pretty much an accepted fact that men have higher sex drives than females, so the group of all men, will show the highest amount of that activity. And I personally have no problem with casual dating or sex as long as no one is being led on if they want something more, no one is being cheated on, and the proper protection is being used. Anonymous sex with strangers is dangerous of course, but that is usually deeply-closeted gay men who are terrified to be found out. Remove the anti-gay stigmas, and those guys will be more apt to settle down or at least have flings with guys they've dated and got to know a little bit.
04:20 PM on 12/15/2011
Your comment is also a strong argument for same sex marriage. Sex addiction/ promiscuity is one result of not valuing LGBT relationships.
09:39 PM on 12/16/2011
I think the key to your point is open and honest communication so both parties know what the expectations and rules are. In most heterosexual unions, the expectation is monogamy and it's rarely explicitly talked about so both people agree on the definition of monogamy. The gay male culture is much more open-minded and forgiving about sexuality in some ways that the heterosexual culture. The problem in all relationships begin when someone starts lying about their sexual activities outside of the relationship. When this activities are out of control and a person is living an extreme double life, that's when there's likely to be a problem of sex addiction.
12:06 AM on 12/15/2011
All addictions have one thing in common. Self centered to the extreme. How do you end up this way? From abuse! It's simple and straight forward. We may not like what we hear and make up lies to say it's not true. But the fact of the matter, it is the truth.
11:41 AM on 12/15/2011
How can you possibly support such a gross oversimplification? Are you accusing every parent of an alcoholic or smoker of child abuse?
09:30 AM on 12/16/2011
Yes
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Erin84
11:53 AM on 12/15/2011
The hundreds of millions of gays on the planet are not lying. You're just in denial that you can't find a single fact or relevant evidence to validate your prejudice against LGBT people. No one chooses to be gay, and most gay people have not been abused. Plenty of straight people have, but how do you explain why they're not gay? LGBT people are just as capable of stable, committed, consensual relationships. There's no dysfunctional elements in those types of relationships, to insist someone is acting out on some self-centered patholgy of some kind. Some people are born LGBT. It has always been that way. To treat them differently is 100% a human invention, a man-made norm from cultures that relied heavily on producing as many male children to be crude agricultural workers and fighters as possible. Some of these cultures are the same who burried female infants alive. We don't live in those times anymore. It's time to recognize that the human race has a variety of possible sexualities, and as long as they are not compulsive, predatorial, or dishonest in nature (ie cheaters, rapists, pedophiles), then there is absolutely nothing wrong with them. Nothing. Go ahead and challenge me on that. I'll shoot down every outdated, discredited, illogical, all-out false argument you can throw at me.
09:28 AM on 12/16/2011
Don't lie to me, keep your lies to yourself.
10:50 PM on 12/14/2011
Wasn't room left to include this in my last post...As for both sexes of the gay persuasion, I can see how the leap can be made from smashing one sexual inhibition to thinking, "why not smash them all"? There are those in the straight community who are of the opinion that having numerous sex partners is harmless if it's approached with honest communication and practiced responsibly, safely and compassionately.
10:41 PM on 12/14/2011
I'm in no way an expert but my impression is that people greatly exaggerate the prevalence of sex addiction in our (the US that is) culture. People are very quick to apply the sex addict label when they encounter someone whose natural sex drive and patterns differ from their own, or don't conform with their expectatio­ns or standards. There are those in the behavioral health community who dispute the idea that sex can even be an addiction, according to medical definition­s of addiction. I also think that if a study were possible to determine the actual amount of sex gay men were having vs. straight men, you'd find out some interestin­g things about sexual compulsion among males. What comes to mind is the self-ident­ified straight men having anonymous gay sex in secret. Some folks would say those guys are really bisexual, but if giving or receiving oral with a guy he just met without even exchanging words is the extent of his "gay" behavior, and he has an otherwise normal straight relationsh­ip, I say let him decide what he wants to call himself. (I'm not in any way denigratin­g this practice, for the record). What guy wouldn't be tempted by unlimited sexual opportunit­ies? It's what all straight men wish for. The difference is it's easier for men to negotiate sex for sex's sake because they believe (somewhat due to what they're taught) that men want sex all the time. Achieving this would give any guy's self esteem a boost.
12:35 AM on 12/15/2011
I agree with your last statement. Sex for sex's sake is fantastic. Remember, sex is not the problem, it's the abuse of sex. When people use sex in a chronic, out-of-control way and begin to have unmanageability in their lives, then they have to ask themselves if they have a problem. Whenever anything runs our lives, meaning we just can't stop, it's a good idea to take heed. Thanks for your comments!
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PrairieGayCompanion
Everything red will be blue again.
11:35 AM on 12/14/2011
Pre-AIDS, I was quite promiscuous, but whenever I connected with someone special I was 100% loyal for as long as the relationship lasted. This is not indicative of an addiction, but of a desire for pleasure. People who spend a good part of their time pursuing what gives them pleasure (skateboarders, surfers, artists, readers, gamers, TV watchers) are not necessarily addicts, but afficianados. Controlling my desires post AIDS was not as difficult as it might be for an addict.
12:37 AM on 12/15/2011
I love that you didn't self-destruct with sex and that you can make the distinction between addiction and pleasure. Clearly, you're not an addict!
DianaLynn1967
It's a great life if you don't weaken!
07:14 PM on 12/16/2011
Yes, true addiction means one can't stop even when one wants to. Of course, a lot of addicts get around that by saying "I can stop anytime I want. I just don't want to," but in your case, you were able to "control your desires post AIDS." A good thing.
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cable1977
Against logic there is no armor like ignorance
11:32 AM on 12/14/2011
One should point out that sexual addiction is not a recognized diagnosis by the American Psychological Association as of the DSM-IV. There is discussion about including a similar diagnosis known as hypersexual disorder in the appendix of the DSM-V in 2013, but not in the main lists of official diagnosis. The APA has rejected the use of the term sexual addiction.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersexual_disorder
12:43 AM on 12/15/2011
...however, in August, 2011, "The American Society of Addiction
Medicine (ASAM) released a new definition of addiction highlighting
that addiction is a chronic brain disorder and not simply a behavioral problem involving too much alcohol, drugs, gambling or sex. This the first time ASAM has taken an official position that addiction is not solely related to problematic substance use."

http://www.asam.org/DefinitionofAddiction-LongVersion.html
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rockysparks
there's no law against being annoying.
11:27 AM on 12/14/2011
Maybe it's my age. Maybe it's the fact that I'm finally out of the closet. But all I can say is that when I was in a heterosexual marriage and in the closet, all I thought about was sex and how to get it. Of course, being the father of seven, the opportunities to follow through on an adult relationship just weren't there. So sexual opportunities were few and far between until I finally came out --- well after the kids were grown and on their own.

Nowadays, yeah, sure, I'd like to have a same-sex partner. But like I said, maybe it's my age. I'm more interested in the day-to-day aspects of living with another guy. Sex --- I figure if it's going to happen, it'll happen. But it's more important to me now to focus on the quality of the relationship, which includes so much more than just sex.

And if anybody has the ability to forward this comment to Mr. Ricky Martin, I'd be ever so grateful ...
11:07 AM on 12/14/2011
Tracy, I think the article clearly states that sex addiction is NOT a "gay thing"; it is an "addiction thing". Quite true. My younger brother was gay. He grew up emotionally isolated and ashamed, and he went through the whole coming out experience as a college student, finally far away from home and therefore free, anonymous, and yes--promiscuous. That last part cost him his life. He told me he had "hundreds of partners" and that such raging promiscuity was just part of being gay. The family was supportive and eager to understand his coming out. However, I could not support or accept the promiscuity as an inevitable part of gay-ness. It is a brave and healthy thing to challenge the repressive attitudes of our society that imprison LGBT people in the stifling closet. It is equally brave and healthy to challenge the common--though certainly not universal--self-destructive promiscuity that has long been a part of male gay life.
12:48 AM on 12/15/2011
Thank you SO much for saying this! I think this is exactly the point for the gay community. Freedom is not about self-destructing your life or killing yourself with sex to make a point to the culture at large. The eighties were a painful and tragic time due to high levels of promiscuity and for some, sex addiction. Let's hope we never have to go through anything like that again.
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David N Taiwan
67 YO American in Taiwan
04:15 AM on 12/14/2011
First, I question using the word "addiction" when referencing a behavior. I'm not a psychiatrist, but I've heard psychiatrists debating this. "Addiction" is a reliance on a substance e.g., alcohol. "Compulsion" however, refers to repetitive out-of-control behavior, e.g. washing hands repeatedly. The shrinks who discussed this pointed out that the two different activities occur in different parts of the brain, requiring different treatment modalities. Rather than "sex and love" addiction, I would suggest the term "sex and love" compulsion.

Secondly, having said that, I wonder if there is any objective and non-judgmental way to define "sexual compulsion." When I was in training as a social worker/sex therapist, there was a joke about the definition of "promiscuous." The definition was "anybody who's getting more than I am." One of the things I've learned is that there are tremendous differences between individuals regarding sexual desire. Some people are four-times-a-day kind of people, while others are twice-a-month-is-fine-thank-you-very-much kind of people. I've found this diversity to be within normal parameters, especially when evaluating the 4X a day folks - nothing about their normal daily lives was affected: not their jobs, not their relationships, not their health, nor any other thing, but I knew of one therapist who "diagnosed" such people as having "sexual addiction."

Which gets me back to my question: "Is there some objective and non-judgmental way to define sexual compulsivity?"
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cable1977
Against logic there is no armor like ignorance
11:24 AM on 12/14/2011
I agree with your comment completely and was having many similar thoughts as I read the article. I found that the author seemed to be making a lot of unsupported assumptions without presenting evidence to support those assumptions. For example, a key question would be how prevalent pathological "sexual addiction" is within the LGBT community and what is the evidence to support those statistics. But here the author seems to be making huge blanket hypotheses to cover the LGBT community without any real evidence to support those claims.

I think the key to diagnosing a sexual compulsion versus normal sexual behavior would be how that behavior impacts the individual in other areas of his or her life. Even if a person is "promiscuous", if they are happy and content in their lifestyle, able to function successfully in other facets of their life (i.e. sex does not control their lives), then why do they need to be labeled or judged?
12:56 AM on 12/15/2011
Agreed! Unfortunately, I don't think there are any stats on the LGBT community and sex addiction. There's only a problem when a person thinks they have a problem. Alcohol, drugs, sex, shopping, gambling, etc. are not the problem. It's the abuse of these substances or behaviors that creates problems in people's lives. No morality on my part, just cracking the door for some critical thinking and self-reflection.

Thank you for your smart comments!
12:53 AM on 12/15/2011
One of the many definitions of sex addiction is a pathological relationship to a mood altering experience. Pathological meaning highly problematic, so if a person cannot stop a behavior and relies on it manage their anxiety, depression, chronic feelings of loneliness or low self-esteem, then they're probably sexually compulsive. This is not a judgment but a way of conceptualizing behaviors that are creating negative consequences in a persons life or prohibiting them from having their preferred life. If someone can manage sex 4x per day and they don't feel shameful, aren't secretive about it (meaning they talk about it with friends and some family members - probably not mom), and it's not abusive to themselves or others, then it's fine.

I hope that helps.
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Doug Watt
Not ready for 2012
12:10 AM on 12/14/2011
Alexandra, I don't necessarily disagree with what you have said in this post, but let me just note that people with sex addictions are a very small percentage of both gay and straight populations.
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Morcat
10:24 PM on 12/13/2011
I'm glad to see this article, because it clearly identifies the role of societal bigotry and homophobia in addiction. Society -- especially far right radical religionists -- has told gay people that all they are about is promiscuous sex, alcohol and drugs. That a large number of folks internalize those behaviors isn't surprising. We need more such information, and more discussion of this important topic.
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JBaker
fictio cedit veritati
08:13 PM on 12/13/2011
An addiction is an addiction is an addiction, whether it is sex, food, alcohol or drugs, gambling, and so forth. The pursuit and purpose of an ecstatic high is to blot out anxiety, if only for a few precious moments. Addiction can take almost any outward manifestation, expressed through obsessive compulsive behavior. Sex is just on manifestation, although my work with addicts has illustrated that it is very common for multiple addictions to be ongoing in a person.

It would be infinitely helpful if our society and government policies treated addiction as a psychological and medical problem, rather than a religious-moral problem deserving of snide condemnation from the 'righteous' and incarceration in our barbaric prison system.

Notice how many of our politicians get caught is obviously risky sexual misadventures? Their addiction to fame and power is not always recognized for what it is. Again, addictions tend to come in clusters.
01:00 AM on 12/15/2011
Thank you for your clear and accurate thinking about this matter!
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Tracy Fortune
Geek, mother, lesbian, fair & compassionate ;^)
08:00 PM on 12/13/2011
"sex and love addiction have little to do with actual pleasure and more to do with unconsciously replaying the emotional features of repressed trauma."

I agree and have always thought along these lines. When you actually think about the damage done, prior to coming out, it's no wonder that there are sexual/emotional issues a-plenty. They talk about the rite-of-passage & stress of people moving from teenage years to adult- now add to that you're gay, isolated, have few role models, are told you are not acceptable, threatened (by family & strangers)...it isn't difficult to venture these facts might lead to finding your way via physical contact in order to educate yourself on what you may or may not eventually seek in a partner.

However, I dispute the "hundreds" of sex partners, as well as the phenomenon of being promiscuous as only a "gay thing". There are plenty of str8 Lotharios out there...male & female.
01:09 AM on 12/15/2011
You're right about that, promiscuously certainly isn't just a "gay thing!" I agree that the gay community suffers by not getting to have the experience of a supported, loving adolescence. Wouldn't it be great if the gay child could tell his/her parent that they're gay (or better yet the parent uses their intuition and knows their child well enough to KNOW they're gay) and have the parent respond in an accepting way? If gay people could have a "normal" adolescence and openly date, go to school dances, have their puppy love over for holiday dinners, then there would probably be a lot less painful sexual and emotional issues to work out in their twenties.