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Amitai Etzioni

Amitai Etzioni

Posted: June 29, 2010 11:03 AM

Here we go again. Corporations are making money not by producing a product and marketing it, but by loading consumers with loans they cannot pay and then sticking the taxpayers with the bill. Only this time, it's not houses and mortgages but "higher" education and student loans.

Here's how it works. Fly-by-night "educational entrepreneurs" -- people who run profit-making colleges -- buy small liberal arts colleges that are on the verge of collapse because of financial difficulties. This provides the profit-makers with coveted regional accreditation, which is needed to allow their students to take out federal loans. The profit-driven colleges then set up boiler-room style "recruitment" offices to hunt and pressure people to enroll and take out loans, promising them bright futures and successful careers. Former recruitment officers have reported that they were under intense pressure to meet quotas and enroll students, regardless of their readiness for college-level education. Enrollment counselors were told, when on the phone with prospective applicants, to "create a sense of urgency" and "push their hot button," all tricks typically used to sell penny stocks. (All of this was vividly documented by PBS's Frontline in an episode entitled "College, Inc." You can watch it here.)

The education students receive at for-profit colleges bears little resemblance to the kind they would get at a true liberal arts college. Neither does it resemble the collegial image the for-profit colleges love to project. Professors at these schools often work on short contracts. There is no tenure. The executives make staggering salaries. Most students are taught online, often by poorly qualified professors who have very limited contact with the students. A 2007 New York Times article revealed that graduates of the University of Phoenix, the largest of the for-profit schools, had bitter complaints about "instructional shortcuts" and "unqualified professors." Students in an average course at the University of Phoenix spend about half as much time with professors as students in traditional universities do. Moreover, the university was fined for falling short of the minimum scheduled time required for receiving federal aid.

The schools' stripped-down curricula and poor instruction often make for nearly worthless degrees. When students graduate from these colleges, many cannot find jobs -- or at least not the kinds they were promised -- and eventually, many of them default on their loans. The federal government has estimated that for-profit university students, who make up just 10% of all American college students, account for about 44% of all student loan defaults. When the students default, you and I pick up the tab. But note: the money does not go to the students, but to the shareholders of the for-profit colleges.

The taxpayers are putting up the money and absorbing the losses, but the shareholders are making out like bandits. Bloomberg recently reported that in fiscal year 2009, the University of Phoenix reaped nearly $3.8 billion in revenue, and 86% of it came from the U.S. Department of Education.

In response to the growing problems, the U.S. Department of Education recently proposed new rules requiring for-profit universities to justify the federal support they receive by demonstrating that their graduates are actually finding jobs. But a swarm of industry lobbyists pressured the Department of Education, which just announced that it has delayed settling on a specific definition of the new rules, regulations which might turn out to have only limited influence over profit-making colleges.

The profiteers argue that they serve a large number of poor and minority students. These individuals could be served much better by transferring the funds the executives at "College, Inc." are dedicating in large part to their shareholders, to traditional four-year colleges and community colleges. Instead the administration cut the funds originally planned for community colleges from a proposed $12 billion over 10 years to $2 billion over four years. If these funds were to be restored to the proposed levels, these students could get not just an education, but a better one.

 
 
 
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Erzsebet Gilbert
author, expat, traveler
12:39 AM on 07/07/2010
Skyrocketing educational costs, the general inability of graduates to repay loans in a reasonable length of time, and the rise of for-profit colleges with poor programs only solidify what I've long thought - that in a free society as immensely advantaged as the U.S., the times has come for higher education to be considered to be a citizen's right if so chosen. Pretty much every school, whether a big state institution or a small liberal arts college, demands obscene amounts of cash from its students.

I graduated in 2008, in a public college and I still receive exhortations for donations as an alumnus from my own school - like ya didn't get enough out of me over four years?

Costs need to be lowered, stat, with government subsidies (though at this point it's unfeasible in light of governmental misallocation of funds), and more federal grants given to serious students. I know plenty of diligent students now paralyzed for the next 20 years by loans. But we should recognize the right of its citizens to education - we don't ask for tuition from public high school students - and the importance of education in a "free society".
09:34 AM on 07/01/2010
If being online is what makes a school "fake" to some, what then about traditional schools that are now offering online degrees? I know my alma matter, The University of Wisconsin, offers degrees online. Are those fake in your mind too?

Perhaps online is innovative. Hopefully we don't let our fear of change get in the way of progress while other countries pass us by.

Not saying for-profit is or isn't the answer. Frankly I don't care. I want high quality education for everyone. I am not delusional enough to believe it should be free. I do know we have to fix our current system and bringing minds from tradional and non-traditional schools together might be a great place to start.
01:45 AM on 07/02/2010
Google "MBA underground" and you'll see why. The reality is that anyone with a pulse can get a degree which are now worthless.

Nice one College Industrial Complex!
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hypnotoad72
Real democracy = living wages.
05:50 PM on 06/30/2010
Why are we, the middle-class and lower-class people, held liable for their greed and chicanery and predatory actions?
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Ralph Noyes
I rant therefore I am.
08:53 PM on 06/30/2010
Because the for-profit "colleges" got their claws into the system under Reagan and Bush I.

This racket is over 20 years old.

America should NOT fund "higher education" for people who can't demonstrate they're reasonably qualified and motivated.

ANYTIME the person paying for a goodie is not the one benefitting from it, EVERYONE involved gets corrupted. And so it is with these for profit pseudo-colleges.
01:46 AM on 07/02/2010
It is a racket. Google "collegeisascam",
11:06 AM on 06/30/2010
The department of education needs to do three things (in my opinion).

First, do everything possible to make going to college as beneficial as possible. This means making your degree worth as much post graduation as possible. This might mean decreasing the number of people starting/finishing college (might). Means ensuring all colleges and universities are meeting high standards of education to their students.

Second, need to ensure that everyone has an opportunity to pursue higher education opportunities. Regardless of credit, background, whatever. If you are willing to committ to more education, we should be able to find a way for you to do that. Financial aid is a great tool. Loans are fine with me because that gives students an incentive to be employable upon graduation.

Third, ensure that schools are financially sustainable. Community colleges are cheap, but they are so cheap they are losing money. This has our economy tanking (along with other reasons).

I am sure there are more things to do than this, but our current system isn't meeting the needs and perhaps the pressures, success, and failures of for-profits will serve as a catalyst to change non-profits. Maybe the systems can merge to create better systems.
01:03 PM on 06/30/2010
While I agree with most of what you are saying I would just like to point out a concern I have with your second point. Ensuring quality when it comes to education in the arts is very different than with liberal arts. The accreditation process that was built for ensuring the quality of liberal arts colleges has all but destroyed higher art education in this country by uniformly applying standards to institutions that the standards were not meant to serve.

Traditional art education as practiced since the times of the ancient Greeks and rediscovered during the Renaissance has revolved around what is now known as the Atelier. The educational practices in an Atelier are completely different than those at a liberal arts college. Atelier's emphasize studio time with a qualified instructor and mixing students of varying levels, as well as forbidding homework.

The one size fits all accreditation requirements that the DOE uses for allowing financial aid to be issued for higher education excludes Atelier style of learning for the arts, but favors the inferior "art school" model based off the liberal arts college.

My concern is that the Department of Education would have a difficult time when it comes to actually ensuring quality at art schools, this is because regulatory bodies, which are tasked with enforcing a uniformity of standards, do not excel at making or identifying equally valid exceptions.

Perhaps Art education should fall under the National Endowment for the Arts instead of the Department of Education?
01:28 PM on 06/30/2010
For sure. I agree. Unlike others, I don't pretend to have answers for everything. Finding ways to ensure the 'arts' do go unnoticed is important as well. Although some may argue that those aren't real degrees either (not me).

I just know that the issue with higher education isn't as simple as for-profit versus non-profit. There are gaps in the system, and we need to figure those out to ensure we have the strongest system possible moving forward.
04:08 PM on 06/30/2010
I personally believe universities for profit or non profit need to take some of the risk of student loan defaults on their own balance sheets. That is, they need to use their own endowments to provide loans to students that way they will have a lo tmmore some financial skin in the game so to speak and will be more conscious of bidget limits as well as face some of the reprocussion of levering up students' personal balance sheets as well as federal and state resources in order to raise tuition (read revenues). is like a racket.
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Euterpe360
I'm just a little bi-partisan
11:00 AM on 06/30/2010
While I don't disagree that the quality of the education received at a tradition liberal arts college versus that of something U. of Phoenix is substantial, this article is highly suspect coming from a professor at the most expensive institution for undergraduate students at near $55,000 each year for all expenses.

Though it's possible that the cost-benefit relation between educational quality and tuition expense at these "non-traditional" is poor I would think that as much as GWU charges your not quite getting the most bang for your buck either, and that's a gross understatement. In my mind, Mr. Etzioni, your university is probably every bit as much of a rip off.
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DevonTexas
Eternal Optimism
10:28 AM on 06/30/2010
"Corporations are making money not by producing a product and marketing it, but by loading consumers with loans they cannot pay and then sticking the taxpayers with the bill."

That seems to be the modern American business model. It's been very successful so far. You can't knock success... maybe.
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hypnotoad72
Real democracy = living wages.
05:53 PM on 06/30/2010
Deserved success cannot be knocked.

Undeserved success, via predatory tactics, shutting people out, using superficial tactics... oh, there are plenty of justified reasons to "knock success". Usually because it's not success and it's not anything that would be condoned in a real pro-life, Christian country. (Just to knock the political group that claims we're a "Christian Nation" but would do things only Judas would be proud of.)
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Ralph Noyes
I rant therefore I am.
10:18 AM on 06/30/2010
It is notable that this thread seems to be under siege from pro-for-profit college advocates.

I guess the recruiting business is slow, or their "student" prospects at the Salvation Army -- or worse -- have not awakened yet this morning.
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Ralph Noyes
I rant therefore I am.
09:29 AM on 06/30/2010
Why is this thread under heavy-handed moderation?

Is someone being protected, lest the public hear the truth about these scam online colleges?
09:49 AM on 06/30/2010
What is it about online schools that you feel makes them a scam? The cost? Being for-profit? Part time instructors? Being untraditional?

What is it? I feel that most of the anger is incredibly surface level. Most of it lacks context. Obviously I am not the expert everyone else seems to be, but I guess I figure our education system is failing and we need to find new, modern ways to improve it. Are most of these for-profits doing that? No, they are exactly who you say they are. But you are painting with a very broad brush.
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Ralph Noyes
I rant therefore I am.
09:57 AM on 06/30/2010
Why don't you look up the student loan default rates for some of these "colleges".

And watch some cheap daytime TV and watch them advertise.

Nice to hear from one of the folks who have made sure this thread is under heavy moderation. Obviously you are singing for your supper.
09:15 AM on 06/30/2010
Someone please explain what system they would like to see then. Our current model is going bankrupt, and not because of for-profit schools. Major public schools are going bankrupt because their funding isn't meeting their costs (becuase they charge stupidly low tuition). They can't raise tuition to mee their costs because students and others throw a fit. So what is the solution? To hate for-profit schools? Yes, the industry needs to be regulated to ensure students are receiving the opportunities and education promised, but what else do people want? They want everyone to sit in class four days a week? They want all schools to have tenure? Full-time faculty? At the end of the day, why do those things matter? Why stick so closely to a system that isn't working? I went to one of the top public schools in the country, and my alma mater is jacking up tuition while cutting jobs. Is that better?
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Ralph Noyes
I rant therefore I am.
09:58 AM on 06/30/2010
The for-profits are no alternative. They have no standards, they admit anybody, they don't care about student preparedness or motivation.

In short, they are a business model geared to mining federal loan money, NOT to educating anyone.
10:09 AM on 06/30/2010
So being open enrollment makes them bad? Shouldn't there be a place where people can get a second chance? Maybe not.

And shouldn't so called non-profits (although we know all schools wish they could make money) be adopting something to MAKE money? Otherwise they are all going broke. Plain and simple. Non-profits provide better education to better students, but their business model is very broken and unsustainable. We need a middle ground and everyone dismissing online schools as a crock is living in the past. We need to find affordable, yet financially sustainable, ways to provide high quality education to anyone willing to make the committment to their higher education. Black, white, poor, rich, online, face-to-face, whatever... The United States needs to find ways to do that. The old model, before online and more adult-friendly options came around, won't fulfill that need. They can't even handle the demand they are under now. Their classes are full and yet they are losing money by the fistfull. And their regents are making serious bank too, don't think they aren't.
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hypnotoad72
Real democracy = living wages.
05:59 PM on 06/30/2010
I don't dislike pro-profit schools.

I dislike a system where the schools and the corporations want everything from us, but won't pay a living wage in return to help us afford these necessities of improving.

http://www.westegg.com/inflation/

I've posted various costs and wages from the year 1979 and used that calculator to post what, adjusted for inflation, they should be today. While incomplete, as in none of my other relevant posts did I dig up college costs in 1979, compare with inflation, and what the same level of college would cost today, enough of an argument could be said as a job requiring a Bachelor's degree, adjusted for inflation, would pay far more in 1979 than it does today. Especially when colleges have framed on walls, plaques telling how much a person earns for having x degree. $36,000/yr with a Bachelor's degree is criminal when you consider how much money (and time to ensure good grades) is needed to earn one. (And with luck, colleges will look at students' reports - if an all-A student gets a C in one class, why the discrepancy? It might be the student or it might be a teacher, who'd rather leave early or tell the students "you're not smart" or "Look out only for yourself". I'm not speaking about my situation as I'm all-As right now, but a student with mostly high-grades would not often have a low grade in only one or two classes. :)
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08:04 AM on 06/30/2010
Thank you.

Hopefully there will be more in depth reporting on the distortions in the education industry.

Would be good to see the bar raised for institutions to remain non-profit colleges and universities. That may bring back education to schoolin'
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Ralph Noyes
I rant therefore I am.
09:59 AM on 06/30/2010
Cut them off from further federal funding if their student loan default rate reaches, say, three times the average of real brick and mortar colleges.
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O K Ali
Wash your hands, seriously.
02:44 AM on 06/30/2010
I went to a job fair last week and half of the booths were for-profit colleges.
05:20 AM on 06/30/2010
Was this a for-profit college fair?
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Ralph Noyes
I rant therefore I am.
09:59 AM on 06/30/2010
He said it was a job fair.

GET THE PICTURE?
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Ralph Noyes
I rant therefore I am.
01:09 AM on 06/30/2010
Taxpayer-funded racketeers.
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Senseid
11:56 PM on 06/29/2010
You get what you put into college. Two people who end up with the same degree may have vastly different experiences as an undergrad. One may have kept up with the bare minimum, attending classes every so often, getting C average, no extracurricular activities, etc. Another may have put 110% into their education by going to every class, achieving an A average, wanting to learn for the sake of learning, joined clubs, networked with other peers, faculty, and alumni, etc. Both end up with the same piece of paper at the end of four years, but obviously one had the much more fulfilling and worthwhile experience than the other.

Simply graduating with a diploma doesn't really mean much by itself. You need to make sure that you take advantage of all the resources available to you while you are in school in order to squeeze the most from what you are paying to go to school.
01:40 AM on 06/30/2010
You can do well and network all you want but if you have a degree from a joke school like ITT Tech no one is going to look at your resume.
08:02 AM on 06/30/2010
That simply isn't true at all. Senseid is right. And what is a joke school? An online school? A for-profit school? There are people in our President's cabinets who have gone to University of Phoenix. There are CEOs who have gone to University of Phoenix. Obviously there are issues that NEED to be looked into, but assuming that just because a school is for-profit, or online, or non-traditional, that is is somehow a joke is just a farce.
11:25 PM on 06/29/2010
If you'r a student, and you were told things that seemed waaaaay to good to be true. For instance, if you got into music or film to pursue your dreams and see here we've known for decades 35 trained, qualified, schooled, and heartbroken potential employees appear for every single job available and you feel like they should have mentioned this... Well, #1 you're an idiot if your surprised. You knew good and well to get into business or math if you wanted a job with money - but stilll are looking at a website or a packet that made you fall in love you don't stand a chance alone. Crowdsource every other unemployed or underemployed buddy and then spread 10 years out if you have to for other classes screwed. Bring 200 or so of your buddies to the DA and ask them what a DTPA action is and if he can't put 2 and 2 together have them contact me and I'll explain the strategy. They're in criminal violation of the law, and we extablish a power offset in student/teacher that enhances the underdog because they can just teach you that this should feel good when you know it doesn't. Faced with administrative jailtime even protected under the umbrella - find out how much they keep in the bank. Then bankrupt them and protect other buddies from tetting trapped.
11:11 PM on 06/29/2010
the regular colleges, especially the elite colleges, are upset that someone is muscling into their territory

i have no sympathy for them, and i bet most self-educated folks are as smart, or smarter than the degree holders

some of the regular colleges saddle their students with over a quarter million in debt after four years

thats the real crime

not some online college, charging $200-300 a class
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Ralph Noyes
I rant therefore I am.
01:12 AM on 06/30/2010
Online colleges send recruiters into homeless shelters to sign up "students" who get govt loans that you and I end up paying when the dummies default.

Some people can get an education without going to a traditional college, but the burden is definitely on them to prove they have that education.

I've met some awfully uneducated people whose degrees did NOT come from what I consider the right kind of institution of higher learning.

Online colleges are for-profit money machines. Their business model is based on ripping off the taxpayer.
04:34 AM on 06/30/2010
then the real question is why is the federal govt lending money to unqualified borrowers?

kinda sounds like fannie may all over again
01:38 AM on 06/30/2010
The problem is that these online colleges are not costing 200-300 dollars per class, some are charging 3x that amount for a single credit.
04:33 AM on 06/30/2010
still less than many of the elite schools