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Art Markman, Ph.D.

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It's Time to Start Thinking Positively

Posted: 11/30/11 08:25 AM ET

It feels like the world is in a collective funk right now. A few years after the financial crisis began, we're still mired in a slow global economy. There is gridlock in the U.S. government. Politicians spend more time explaining why their opponents are wrong than they do trying to fix things. Even the sports news is filled with stories of drug use and sexual abuse.

What do we do?

At this point, we might want to take some advice from Monty Python and "look on the bright side."

Seriously.

The human mind is capable of getting into a vicious circle when times are bad. Classic research by Gordon Bower has demonstrated that memory depends on your mood. When you are happy, you are generally reminded of happy things and happy times. When you are sad, you are reminded of sad things and sad times. Further work by Ian Gotlib and his colleagues shows that these memories feed back to further influence your mood state. That is, when you're in a bad mood, you remember sad things. Those sad memories keep you sad.

But wait, it gets worse. Many things in life can be viewed either positively or negatively. A person who speaks up and gives his opinion can either be assertive (a positive characteristic) or aggressive (a negative one). Work by Tory Higgins shows that your mood also affects how you deal with this kind of ambiguity. When you are sad or angry, you will interpret the things going on around you more negatively.

And one more. When you are focused on the negative side of things, you often focus on rejecting options rather than selecting them. Witness what is happening with the GOP primaries now. Republican voters are focused on eliminating candidates rather than finding ones they like. Research by Eldar Shafir shows that when people are trying to reject options, they weigh the negative information about the options more heavily than the positive information.

Getting out of this funk, then, requires a bit of work. We all need to make a conscious effort to focus on the positive aspects of life and the glimmers of hope. You may have to do that with small things at first. During the holiday season, enjoy your time with family. Spend some time with children and see the world through their eyes. Listen to some upbeat happy music. Go out with friends.

And at the same time, try to focus your conversations about the world on positive things. Right now, it is too easy to slip into complaints about the government, the economy, and the prospects for world peace. When you find yourself in yet another discussion about the ills of the world, look for a positive spin. The more that you train yourself to focus on the good things in life, the more that you will see the hope in every situation.

 
 
 

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It feels like the world is in a collective funk right now. A few years after the financial crisis began, we're still mired in a slow global economy. There is gridlock in the U.S. government. Politici...
It feels like the world is in a collective funk right now. A few years after the financial crisis began, we're still mired in a slow global economy. There is gridlock in the U.S. government. Politici...
 
 
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11:54 PM on 12/03/2011
So the point of the article is that negative emotion can feed on themselves... I guess this is very common knowledge. The real question is how practically one manage to avoid spiraling into paralyzing "funk".
Everyone is somewhat different but I suppose human interaction is critical to stay grounded and avoid excessive highs or lows. A sense of belonging, opportunities to pursue dreams or passions is also important I guess. One of the most negative feeling is probably feeling disempowered and left out. It is difficult to avoid this one these days living in a bafflingly complex world in which it is difficult to chart a course.

So, I get there are things you can do to make your life somewhat better. But really it is not just in someone's head, it takes a "community" to thrive.
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abmarkman
A cognitive scientist, blogger, and author
11:57 AM on 12/04/2011
Though we all have some choice to try to focus on solutions rather than problems and to see the benefits of something rather than just the costs. We have taken it for granted that the intellectually appropriate option in life is to be critical rather than recognizing that it takes some degree of intellectual courage to see what is right in a flawed world.
11:20 PM on 12/02/2011
"many folks are happy as much as they make up their mind happy"
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emily tripp
Names have been changed to protect the innocent
02:28 PM on 12/02/2011
Hate to be negative, but...is this the wisdom one gets from attaining a PhD? The author was right that a one-line piece of advice (i.e., "look on the bright side) would suffice to get his point across. So why all the excess, redundant, elementary verbage on either side of it? Does he get paid by the word?

Might I suggest Part II of this research paper borrow from Bobby McFerrin's "Don't Worry, Be Happy," with an epilogue of Judy Garland singing "Forget your troubles, come on,get happy," from "Summerstock." Who knows - maybe he can get an entire book out his idea.
09:43 AM on 12/01/2011
There is a danger in too sunny an outlook as well. Pathological optimists tend not to plan contingencies (Remember Bush& Co. invading Iraq without a plan). AS it turns out, in general, pessimists are right, and when they're wrong., well, it's a pleasant surprise.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depressive_realism
Still, optimism and pessimism, when taken too far, are virtually indistinguishable viewed from a distance. Both result in inertia.
For the pessimist there's nothing one can do.
For the optimist, there's nothing one needs to do.
09:29 AM on 12/01/2011
"What do we do? At this point, we might want to take some advice from Monty Python and "look on the bright side." "Seriously.

The author is suffering from a severe irony deficiency. Did he notice that the characters singing the song were all nailed to crosses? That they were all doomed?
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Social Construct
Go left, young man.
10:13 PM on 12/01/2011
That's exactly what I thought. Goes to show that even professionals can suffer from egocentric world-view. I'm betting that from the author's perspective there's just no reason to react to negative pressures with cynicism or negative types of reactions. Too black and white, fantasy world, perfect scenario type of thinking, for my taste. But, then again, I'm being a "Don't Bee" rather than a "Do Bee"(if anyone remembers Romper Room). I choose to be the whole bee, good, bad, positive, negative, "do" or "don't," and every little thing in between.
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Social Construct
Go left, young man.
11:06 PM on 12/01/2011
I agreed and got censored. I find much to argue against in the article. Is that bland and un-negative enough?
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EdCorey1971
09:05 AM on 12/01/2011
"Many things in life can be viewed either positively or negatively. A person who speaks up and gives his opinion can either be assertive (a positive characteristic) or aggressive (a negative one). Work by Tory Higgins shows that your mood also affects how you deal with this kind of ambiguity. When you are sad or angry, you will interpret the things going on around you more negatively. And one more. When you are focused on the negative side of things, you often focus on rejecting options rather than selecting them."

Man, I tell you this article is on point. I often wonder how some of the comments can be so negative all the time. I also wonder how such simple subject matter and straight forward commentary can be misconstrued to mean something else.
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02:49 AM on 12/01/2011
Hey, I tried positive thinking. It is not working. Should I just pretend that it is, or that it'll, and that'd be positive thinking?
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wontbfooledagain
Look out kid, it's somethin' you did (Dylan)
02:34 AM on 12/01/2011
I thought most of the comments were as helpful as the article itself. Good stuff here.
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realitytrumpsbull
Two 'alves of coconut!
01:49 AM on 12/01/2011
If your life is a pile of @#$@, thinking positively about it won't help you. There's some thinking and analysis involved, in taking stock of life, and making decisions, and if you make bad decisions, negative outcomes will follow. Learn to make better ones, and try to attain to better circumstances overall, meaning, show some discernible effort in your daily endeavors, such as they might be, HOPE for the best, expect the worst, and with any luck, come out in the middle.  Also, give yourself permission, generally, to live a good life. Some people have the guilt-thing. If you want things to go well, chances are, they will. If you DON'T, you're mentally setting yourself up for failure, other people will see it to, avoid you like the plague, and eventually you'll end up in refrigerator box on the street corner, alone, forgotten, with only a cheap bottle of hootch and a stray cat for company. Who will chew on you when you're dead.
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SelfAccountable
Outspoken Artist
11:19 PM on 11/30/2011
Best thing I ever did to stop depression and improve my thought process was to stop watching television (especially the news). Commercials, ads from magazines, and 'experts' from all walks of life will tell us that we are dissatisfied and need to be 'fixed' by whatever they are selling. The news would have us believe that every crime ever is happening in our neighborhood right now and we should be afraid and helpless. The negative emotions aren't necessarily coming from you, but from your environment. Brighten your world and your smile will shine.
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EdCorey1971
09:10 AM on 12/01/2011
If you have been around HP for any length of time you can see how these negative articles and news stories affect people. I've said it before that some people should just log off for a while to find peace because I believe that they were starting to internalize all the negative stuff that we see and read.
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Whitney Wonders
12:50 PM on 12/01/2011
My father suffers from depression and I have begged him to stop watching the news (he watches Fox all day, ugh!) and take a break from all that negativity. I know if he did it would change his perspective on things.

Glad to read you are doing better. Depression is a horrible thing.
Threepointturn
Jon Stewart watches Fox "news", so you don't have
12:20 PM on 12/03/2011
Believe me, he doesn't watch any news.
10:47 PM on 11/30/2011
True - there is so much negativity all around, but there's so much good too - maybe on a more personal than global basis. I have to find balance by also looking at everything in my life that I am grateful for. When I do that, it causes an automatic shift and the more aware I am of gratitude, the more I see to be grateful for. If I didn't do that, it would be easy to spend all my time in bed, hiding under the covers.
Joyce Rothman, "Lessons from Cancer". http://makingsenseofitall.joycerothman.com
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02:50 AM on 12/01/2011
Wait, I have to get cancer so that I can think positive?
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Social Construct
Go left, young man.
10:16 PM on 12/01/2011
lol. Maybe what is called "positive thinking," in contemporary pop culture, IS a type of cancer.
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ConfuciusSay-
Aglets: their purpose is sinister.
08:05 PM on 11/30/2011
As simple as it sounds, this is a profound and useful article.

Happiness is brain activity. Trying to direct our thoughts is possible, and profitable. CBT isn't useful only for the afflicted- it can be utilized to improve everyone's mood.
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Leigh49
Hey, you, get off of my cloud
07:20 PM on 11/30/2011
Trying being positive on HP and see how many negative remarks you get in return.
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ConfuciusSay-
Aglets: their purpose is sinister.
08:00 PM on 11/30/2011
Why follow a bad example? If you set a better one, you've done your bit.
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Leigh49
Hey, you, get off of my cloud
07:18 PM on 11/30/2011
"To be healthy is to have hope, and to have hope is to have everything." Arabic Proverb
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02:51 AM on 12/01/2011
Didn't help the Iraqis much, did it?
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Leigh49
Hey, you, get off of my cloud
08:44 AM on 12/01/2011
Until Bush invaded their country and made a mess of it.
06:29 PM on 11/30/2011
Republicans, are you listening?