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  <title>Susan Moeller</title>
  <link href="http://huffingtonpost.com/author/index.php?author=susan-moeller"/>
  <updated>2013-05-20T09:40:44-04:00</updated>
  <author>
    <name>Susan Moeller</name>
  </author>
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<entry>
    <title>A 9/11 for College Students: Remembering Boston</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/a-911-for-college-student_b_3204946.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2013:/theblog//3.3204946</id>
    <published>2013-05-07T11:18:14-04:00</published>
    <updated>2013-05-07T11:18:18-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[They told me -- in an assignment that asked them to reflect on how they heard of the marathon bombing -- that Boston hit them hard because they learned of the news by themselves, and often when they were alone, away from family.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[<img style="border: 0pt none; float:left; padding-right:10px; padding-bottom:5px" img alt="2013-05-03-Instagram.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-05-03-Instagram.jpg" width="300" height="432" /><br />
<br />
<strong>The Boston bombing is my students' 9/11.</strong>  For most, it is their personal introduction as adults to terrorism.<br />
<br />
My college students were in second or third or fourth grade in September 2001, and most of them remember little.  They told me -- in an assignment that asked them to reflect on how they heard of the marathon bombing -- that Boston hit them hard because they learned of the news by themselves, and often when they were alone, away from family.   "This is one of the first events of this nature that I was old enough to really understand," said one student.<br />
<br />
"Boston was almost worse than 9/11," said another, "since no one was there to sugarcoat the events for me." "It was a very surreal feeling seeing the bombs explode, the people screaming and the blood on the ground," recalled a third.  "It was a different feeling than I felt when 9/11 happened because I was so young, only in the third grade when that happened. Now I am a 20 year old who can use television and the Internet to get more information of what occurs."  <br />
<br />
"As I look back," said a fourth, "I think about how uneventful I thought that Monday was going to be and how everything changed in an instant. I think about the runners who trained long and hard to be prepared to power through the 26-mile trial. But even they were not prepared when their already extraordinary day took a turn for the worst."<br />
 <br />
A week after the bombing, I asked my class of 200 students at the University of Maryland, College Park, to write 300 words about the events of the previous eight days. I told them I would gather their thoughts together in a website called "<a href="http://rememberboston.wordpress.com" target="_hplink">Remember Boston</a>," so they could read what their peers had written too.  (You can read their stories <a href="http://rememberboston.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">here</a>.)  I shared with them how I learned about John Kennedy's assassination, about Robert Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr.'s assassinations, and about where I was and what I thought about when I heard about 9/11. While Boston is immediately in all our minds, I told them, consider how you discovered the news, consider what you thought was important, consider what the impact on you is. <br />
<br />
So my class of 200 students wrote for an hour. Often restless when they listen to me lecture, they weren't that day. They all had a story to share.<br />
<br />
<img style="border: 0pt none; float:left; padding-right:10px; padding-bottom:5px" img alt="2013-05-03-Daddy.png" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-05-03-Daddy.png" width="300" height="450" /><br />
<br />
Student after student wrote of hearing the news on Twitter, on Instagram, via a CNN news app on their mobile phone, on TV as they walked into the student union or the gym or their dorm room.  Student after student said that their first reaction was to make sure that their friends at school in Boston, people they knew who were volunteering at the marathon, their relatives running in the race were safe.  And student after student said that their second reaction was to call their family members and tell them that they loved them.  "I immediately called my mom and told her that I love her and that I was so glad that she was safe even though the bombings were very far from where she lived," said Kevin from Potomac, Maryland.<br />
<br />
"I sent messages out to my family members telling them how much I loved and appreciated them," said Gerald from Baltimore. Dimitri from Darien, Connecticut, told of waiting hours for news about his best friend's sister who was at the finish line, to finally learn that she missed getting hurt only because she had stepped into a bar to use the bathroom: "As she walked out of the bathroom the explosion had gone off and had blown out the windows of the bar."  Said Dimitri, "The first thing I did after finding out she was okay was call my own sister. I followed this by calling my mom and dad and making sure that everyone in my family knew how much I loved them."<br />
<br />
My international students also struggled with the story. A student from China received a call from her parents overseas. "Although my place is far away from Boston, I can understand their worries because this is my first time to leave my hometown alone and study somewhere far away from my country."  "Sometime life is more delicate than we think," she said.<br />
<br />
<img style="border: 0pt none; float:left; padding-right:10px; padding-bottom:5px" img alt="2013-05-03-Bostonrunner.png" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2013-05-03-Bostonrunner.png" width="300" height="269" /><br />
<br />
Finally students recorded what they learned, what they were going to take away from the tragedy, the terror and the shock.  <br />
<br />
What they repeatedly spoke about was hope and faith and good works.  "I also will remember this day for the good things that happened afterward," said one student, "ordinary citizens running toward the explosions to help the injured, a city coming together in remembrance and a country unifying in support for a broken area.  I will remember an ordinary day turned extraordinary. I will remember #BostonStrong."  <br />
<br />
And said another:  "The best thing we can do now is have faith in humanity, have faith in the police, and have faith in the people affected to come back stronger.  Overall, this is an event that I will never forget in my life. It has changed me as a person and it will stay in my memory forever."<br />
<br />
Visit the class '<a href="http://rememberboston.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">Remember Boston</a>' website, and add your own comments to my students' stories.  <br />
<br />
<hr/> <em>Note that all the photos above are screen shots from the students' mobile phones or laptops. </em><hr/>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/1124540/thumbs/s-BOSTON-MARATHON-BOMBING-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>New Study: How Photos on Pinterest Predicted the Election</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/new-study-photos-on-pinte_b_2148555.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.2148555</id>
    <published>2012-11-21T10:32:09-05:00</published>
    <updated>2013-01-21T05:12:01-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Nate Silver is all about crunching numbers. Pinterest allows analysts to "crunch" photos.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[Nate Silver's <a href="http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/" target="_hplink">FiveThirtyEight</a> blog nailed the numbers on election night.  But had you been keeping up with <a href="http://pinterest.com/prezpix/" target="_hplink">Pinterest</a>, you would also have seen strong data suggesting that President Obama never lost significant momentum and was on track to win a second term.<br />
<br />
Nate Silver is all about crunching numbers.  Pinterest allows analysts to "crunch" photos.<br />
<br />
At its core, Pinterest enables its users to grab a photo from any online site and "pin" that photo to a specifically designated  "<a href="http://pinterest.com/about/" target="_hplink">virtual pinboard</a>."  That functionality allows researchers to see patterns that become apparent when massive numbers of photos are all collected on the same board.  Meanwhile, simultaneously, via various kinds of tagging, public users can "repin" or "follow" or "like" the boards and "pins," cueing those researchers about who is interested in what.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://prezpix.com/barack-obama/obama-top-ten/" target="_hplink"><img alt="2012-11-17-PrezPixDenverPostTop10.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-11-17-PrezPixDenverPostTop10.jpg" align="right" width="400" height="300" /></a><br />
<a href="http://prezpix.com/" target="_hplink">PrezPix</a>, a study just released by the International Center for Media &amp; the Public Agenda (ICMPA), used <a href="http://pinterest.com/prezpix/" target="_hplink">Pinterest</a> to analyze 8,780 photographs over four months of the 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.  The study looked at 21 major American news outlets -- including Fox News, CNN, The Huffington Post, Politico, NPR, the <em>New York Times</em>, the <em>Washington Post</em> and <em>USA Today </em>-- to see what <a href="http://prezpix.com/key-findings/why-photos/" target="_hplink">visual messages</a> about the candidates those outlets were sending. (<em>Full disclosure:  I led the study.</em>) <br />
<br />
<strong>Top Findings?</strong>  (For additional <a href="http://prezpix.com/key-findings/" target="_hplink">key findings, visit PrezPix.com</a>.)  <br />
<br />
<ol=1><li><strong>1.  Photographic coverage of President Barack Obama remained very positive following the first October presidential debate -- and in many cases became more positive.</strong>  Despite Obama's precipitous drop in the polls after the Denver debate, news outlets around the country did not go (visually) negative on the president, PrezPix researchers found.  </li><br />
<br />
<li>The real change in the photographic portrait of the race for the presidency in October was the decrease in negative photos of Gov. Mitt Romney, and a general move towards greater parity in the tone of coverage.  (See the <a href="http://prezpix.com/key-findings/" target="_hplink">charts here</a>.)</li></ol><br />
<br />
<ol=2><li><strong>2.  Romney got more play, but Obama got better play.</strong> During the fall election campaign, news outlets overall published <a href="http://prezpix.com/mitt-romney/" target="_hplink">more photos of Romney</a> than of Obama, but Romney rarely appeared as "likeable" in photos as Obama -- except on <a href="http://prezpix.com/news-outlets/fox-news/" target="_hplink">Fox News</a>, the <a href="http://prezpix.com/news-outlets/christian-science-monitor/" target="_hplink">Christian Science Monitor</a>, and the <a href="http://prezpix.com/news-outlets/miami-herald/" target="_hplink">Miami Herald</a>.  Romney's drop in "likeability," however, was a reversal from the primary season, when significantly more flattering photos of Romney appeared than of Rick Santorum, Newt Gingrich or Ron Paul. </li><br />
<br />
<li>How did Obama appear more "likeable"?  Outlets showed him smiling more often than they did Romney, engaged with the public more often, and surrounded by more enthusiastic and diverse supporters -- college students, women, factory workers, Latinos, African Americans.  </li><br />
<br />
<li>Such media images not only suggested how good the president's advance team was, but served to reinforce his position as the president of the middle class and the "47 percent."</li></ol><br />
<br />
<ol=3><li><strong>3.  Photos of Michelle Obama made the president look good.</strong>  The PrezPix study also documented <a href="http://prezpix.com/barack-obama/obama-top-ten/" target="_hplink">how positively the media pictured President Obama and his wife</a>. In an election where women, minority and youth voters played deciding roles, the universally attractive photos of Obama and his wife played well with all three of those core demographics.  </li><br />
<br />
<li>Again and again the photos pinned to Pinterest showed the couple as friends, as intimates, as having fun -- all powerfully subliminal messages about the character of the president. By contrast, the images of Mitt and Ann Romney were more formal, even at their most positive. (See the "<a href="http://prezpix.com/barack-obama/obama-top-ten/" target="_hplink">Top Ten</a>" romantic photos of Obama and his wife published during the campaign.)</li></ol><br />
<br />
Right now the home page of <a href="http://pinterest.com/" target="_hplink">Pinterest</a> is all about pictures of puppies, mouth-watering desserts and swirling dresses.  In fact, if you are a guy, it's possible that you haven't yet heard of Pinterest -- or if you have, you've dismissed it as a "girly" site.  Even the site itself <a href="http://pinterest.com/about/" target="_hplink">highlights</a> that it is perfect for those who want to "organize and share all the beautiful things you find on the web... to plan their weddings, decorate their homes, and organize their favorite recipes."  That doesn't exactly sound like the kind of site that would help campaign staffers or journalists evaluate the political mood of the country.  <br />
<br />
But here's another takeaway from the study:  PrezPix documented that Pinterest is a <a href="http://prezpix.com/key-findings/pinterest-research/" target="_hplink">stealth tool for researchers</a>.  <br />
<br />
I predict that in 2014 the backroom data folks for both the Democrats and the Republicans -- as well as the journalists who are covering them -- will be using Pinterest to tap into the national psyche, perhaps especially of women.  Women may well remain the core demographic of Pinterest and they will certainly be the key demographic for any winning political coalition.<br />
<br />
Pinterest is not just for cupcakes anymore.  <br />
<br />
_________________________________________<br />
<br />
<strong>Here's some <a href="http://prezpix.com/about/" target="_hplink">backstory</a> on the PrezPix study</strong>:  Researchers from ICMPA and the Philip Merrill College of Journalism at the University of Maryland, College Park, "pinned" over 5500 photographs of Pres. Barack Obama and Gov. Mitt Romney during the height of the fall election in September and October and over 3200 photographs of the four major Republican challengers -- Newt Gingrich, Ron Paul, Mitt Romney, Rick Santorum -- during the February and March primary election season.  Researchers then coded the photos and analyzed the boards to identify trends in how online news outlets visually portrayed Pres. Obama and Gov. Romney and each of the GOP candidates and how viewers responded to them.  The study's results are posted on <a href="http://PrezPix.com" target="_hplink">PrezPix.com</a>.]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/859514/thumbs/s-PINTEREST-SECRET-BOARDS-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>NEW STUDY: Mobile Phones Put the 'Social' in Social Media</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/new-study-mobile-phones-p_b_1927945.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1927945</id>
    <published>2012-10-03T18:09:00-04:00</published>
    <updated>2012-12-03T05:12:02-05:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[More than any other platform, mobile phones have initiated a global youth digital culture, by making content and comment available all the time, wherever students are.  The result is that students not only take in endless amounts of information, but personalize and reorganize it.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[<blockquote>"Because I am on my phone I will not pay attention to the people around me or especially the traffic around me. I feel like my mobile device often takes me out of the real world and into a completely different one." -- U.S. college student</blockquote><br />
<br />
When was the last time you saw a 20-year-old without a phone in his or her hands?  Ever wonder what the world was coming to?<br />
<br />
Mobile phones, those always-on, pocket- and purse-sized media platforms, ARE reshaping what the world is coming to.  The vibrating and beeping non-stop push notices of posts and messages and tags are prompting young adults to think about connecting to their virtual lives more than to the world around them.  And this is not just an American trend -- this is happening globally.<br />
<br />
A new study on the mobile habits of global youth, has found that not only are college students absolutely tethered to their phones, they are absolutely tethered to their friends on phones.  <a href="http://tetheredworld.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">The  Tethered World</a> study, directed by Prof. Paul Mihailidis of Emerson College in Boston,  evaluated the mobile habits of students of 52 nationalities, attending universities in eight countries, on three continents.  Researchers had the 800 students track their mobile use over a 24-hour period this past spring 2012.  Following the day-long tracking, the students completed an in-depth survey and wrote a 500-word narrative about their media habits.<br />
<br />
The study found that students use their phones overwhelmingly to text, share and comment via social networks.  Far down on the list of what they do with their mobile phones is reading news, or even gaming.  Admitted one student:  <em>"I am very diligent about returning wall posts, tweets, comments and other feeds that are on my phone. Without this ability, I think it would stress me out or make me anxious about not knowing what is going on."</em><br />
<br />
Here are five of the top conclusions of the study:<br />
<br />
<ol><li>Facebook and Twitter not only are the dominant presence in the lives of students across the globe, they are having <strong>a homogenizing effect on how students live</strong> around the world.  Whether in Bournemouth, Beirut or Boston, students reported that Facebook, Twitter and other social networks were the way they hear from and communicate to their friends and the world.  <em>"Twitter has become the new CNN,"</em> as one student said.  And the study suggests that for students, <strong>mobile phones are the new remote controls</strong>.</li><br />
<br />
<li>Mobile phones are used to share and comment on other people's social spaces -- and  information and <strong>news of all kinds is especially valued when it has a great "gee whiz" factor that makes young adults want to pass it on</strong>.  Said one student:  <em>"I don't usually share articles, just some great music news, or a YouTube video that I think is funny or is a music video."</em></li><br />
<br />
<li><strong>This is not Gen-X or Gen-Y:  this is the 'Tethered Generation.'</strong>  Around  the world, mobile phones are integral to students' identity.  Students self-reported that they were "addicted," claiming it is literally "impossible" to go a day without a phone. The tracking data reinforced students' heavy use across the world.  As one student reported:  <em>"I check my phone literally every 2 or 3 minutes for updates on text messages, Twitter, or even Facebook."</em> Said another:  <em>"The mobile phone has become a part of us: our best friend who will save all our secrets, pleasures and sorrows."</em></li><br />
<br />
<li>Students use mobile phones to network with others -- and <strong>being a part of that network is more real than the real world</strong>. For students, phones don't just facilitate conversations, they connect them to others in ways that are not only satisfying, but increasingly paramount.  Observed one student:  <em>"One thing that seems kind of funny to me is one experience that I had last week, we had an earthquake, a big one, and a lot of people instead of being alert and try to save themselves, they just started tweeting about what was going on.  They were so attached to their social networks that they cared more about letting people know what was happening instead of evacuating the building."</em></li><br />
<br />
<li><strong>On mobile phones, apps are like cable TV</strong>. While they appreciate the thousands of options, students really only use a few apps.   While a majority of the students in the study had 16 or more apps on their phones, they reported they only used 3 or 4 apps regularly.  Said one student:  <em>"The three Apps that I use the most [are] Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.  I love being able to see what my friends are up to and look at their pictures. I also enjoy the diverse combination of news articles, humor, and lifestyle pieces that these various platforms provide."</em></li></ol><br />
<br />
More than any other platform, mobile phones have initiated a global youth digital culture, by making content and comment available all the time, wherever students are.  The result is that students not only take in endless amounts of information, but personalize and reorganize it.<br />
<br />
In some ways, this is good news:  individual voices are speaking out on a broad-based, democratizing platform that by its sheer existence helps to foster transparency and freedom of expression. Students share content and express their opinions all day, every day.  Said one study participant:  <em>"Mobile phones allow us to participate in areas of the media which we would otherwise be excluded from."</em>  <br />
<br />
But there is a cautionary note from the Tethered World study.  As global youths bring their interests, their friends and their very identities online, the data that defines them can be gathered and abused by those other than friends.  As one student worriedly mused:  <em>"Our lives have become available to anyone who can access them -- which is just about everyone everywhere in the world."<br />
</em><br />
---<br />
<em>For full details about the study results, university partners and methodology, click <a href="http://tetheredworld.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">here</a>.  This column was written with assistance from Dr. Paul Mihailidis.</em>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/800182/thumbs/s-FACEBOOK-PROMOTED-POSTS-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>New Study: Global News Sites Poorly Covered the Olympics in Photos</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/new-study-on-pinterest-gl_b_1828577.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1828577</id>
    <published>2012-08-28T12:20:27-04:00</published>
    <updated>2012-10-28T05:12:04-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[A new study of 20 major media outlets used the image-curating website Pinterest to help measure the photographic coverage of four days of the Olympics.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[<img style="border: 0pt none; float:left; padding-right:10px; padding-bottom:5px" img alt="2012-08-24-Olympixlogo2.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-08-24-Olympixlogo2.jpg" width="250" height="213" /> <em><strong>With Megan Fromm</strong></em><br />
<br />
Many of the world's major news outlets covered the 2012 London Olympics, one of the most visually engaging events of the year, in surprising -- and surprisingly lackluster -- ways.<br />
<br />
A new study of 20 major media outlets used the image-curating website <a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/" target="_hplink">Pinterest</a> to help measure the photographic coverage of four days of the Olympics -- days at the height of the swimming, gymnastics, cycling, diving, basketball, judo, weightlifting and equestrian events.  <br />
<br />
Researchers at the <a href="http://www.salzburgglobal.org/current/blog.cfm?IDMedia=67538" target="_hplink">Salzburg Academy on Media &amp; Global Change</a> in partnership with the <a href="http://www.icmpa.umd.edu/index.html" target="_hplink">International Center for Media &amp; the Public Agenda</a> at the <a href="http://www.umd.edu" target="_hplink">University of Maryland</a> evaluated the visual content of each of the sites' London 2012 pages to see which news outlets used photos well -- compelling images, published large enough to see without clicking on them -- and what sports, athletes and moments each outlet chose to highlight.  <br />
<br />
Researchers found particularly striking that women athletes were pictured in  43 percent of the images pinned to Pinterest -- yet another signal of the gains made by women in these Games which were the first in history in which all the participating countries included a woman athlete.  In a <a href="http://icmpa.umd.edu/salzburg/new/index.php?q=lessons/covering-athletes" target="_hplink">similar study</a> four years ago of the Beijing Olympics conducted by the Salzburg Academy, women athletes only appeared in 36 percent of the photos.  This year's London 2012 study did find marked differences among the global media in their reporting on women athletes, however.  Some  outlets devoted significantly more coverage to one gender -- <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/the-new-york-times-us/" target="_hplink">The New York Times</a></em> showed three times as many images of women as men during the period studied, for example, while <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/the-times-south-africa/" target="_hplink">The Times</a></em> of South Africa showed images of men four times as often as those of women.<br />
<br />
<strong>The greatest surprise of the study?</strong><br />
<br />
Only about a third of the news outlets prioritized pictures over text, despite the fact that all but one of the global outlets hosted dedicated web pages to cover London 2012.  Researchers were stunned to see how few photos appeared above the scroll on many websites.  The best websites included roughly a half a dozen thrill-of-victory or agony-of-defeat photos and posted them in a clear hierarchy of importance, as signaled by size and placement (as did the <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/daily-mail-uk/" target="_hplink">Daily Mail</a></em>, <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/yahoo-us/" target="_hplink">Yahoo!</a></em> and the <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/sydney-morning-herald-australia/" target="_hplink">Sydney Morning Herald</a></em>).  <br />
<br />
The best websites?<br />
<ul><li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/bbc-news-uk/" target="_hplink">BBC</a></em> (UK)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/daily-mail-uk/" target="_hplink">Daily Mail</a></em> (UK)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/yahoo-us/" target="_hplink">Yahoo!</a></em> (USA)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/the-new-york-times-us/" target="_hplink">The New York Times</a></em> (USA)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/sydney-morning-herald-australia/" target="_hplink">Sydney Morning Herald</a></em> (Australia)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/aljazeera-sports-qatar/" target="_hplink">Al Jazeera</a></em> (Qatar)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/the-times-south-africa/" target="_hplink">The Times</a></em> (South Africa)</li></ul><br />
<br />
The most disappointing sites?<br />
<ul><li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/the-telegraph-uk/" target="_hplink">The Telegraph</a></em> (UK)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/nbc-us/" target="_hplink">NBC</a></em> (USA)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/espn-us/" target="_hplink">ESPN</a></em> (USA)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/people-s-daily-china/" target="_hplink">People's Daily</a></em> (China) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/the-hindu-india/" target="_hplink">The Hindu</a></em> (India) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/el-pais-spain/" target="_hplink">El Pais</a></em> (Spain)</li></ul> <br />
<br />
The surprisingly weak sites?<br />
<ul><li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/the-guardian-uk/" target="_hplink">The Guardian</a></em></li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/cnn/" target="_hplink">CNN</a></em></li></ul><br />
<br />
Unexpectedly, those sites with the strongest visual coverage (five or more medium to large photos above the scroll) often did not include critical content above the scroll:  links to breaking news across sports and a live medal count. The site that came closest to a useful balance of visual and story content was the <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/bbc-news-uk/" target="_hplink">BBC</a></em>.   The <em>BBC</em> did a good job posting photos, averaging five photos at a time above the scroll, and its page format included a center column giving viewers quick navigation to different sports -- although its update on the medal race was elsewhere.  <br />
<br />
By contrast, researchers gave <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/the-guardian-uk/" target="_hplink">The Guardian</a></em> poor marks for only featuring three photos on average at a time, although it did get the highest marks for including above-the-scroll links to a full range of sports as well as a live medal count.  Researchers also rated <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/cnn/" target="_hplink">CNN</a></em> as ho-hum -- researchers appreciated that its lead photo and three smaller images emphasized the human element of the Games, but the layout included very limited content.<br />
<br />
The least visually engaging and user-friendly sites ran only a couple of photos (such as <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/the-telegraph-uk/" target="_hplink">The Telegraph</a></em>, <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/people-s-daily-china/" target="_hplink">People's Daily</a></em>, and <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/the-standard-kenya/" target="_hplink">The Standard</a></em>) or featured a very dominant video or slide show with a sprinkling or row of thumbnail or quite small photos. These latter sites often ran photos that were greyed-out until clicked on or until the Flash gallery cycled through (such as <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/nbc-us/" target="_hplink">NBC</a></em>, <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/espn-us/" target="_hplink">ESPN</a></em>, <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/the-hindu-india/" target="_hplink">The Hindu</a></em> and <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/televisa-deportes-mexico/" target="_hplink">Televisa Deportes</a></em>).   <br />
<br />
Such websites frustrated researchers by making them scroll down, click-through or patiently wait to see multiple medium-sized photos pass by in a Flash gallery.   Visitors must have the time or inclination to sit through a video or automated slide show -- and many don't.  Other sites, such as <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/paris-match-france/" target="_hplink">Paris Match</a></em> which had no dedicated Olympics page, and the <em><a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/suddeutsche-germany/" target="_hplink">S&uuml;ddeutsche Zeitung</a></em>, which posted ads and Twitter feeds as prominently as articles with photos, seemed less than committed to covering the Games well.<br />
<br />
<strong>A last takeaway?</strong>  <br />
<br />
Every outlet, from the UK to China, South Africa to Mexico, Australia to France, featured the athletes from their own countries, even athletes competing in "minor" sports.  In fact, almost two-thirds of all images published were of athletes from the home country of the news outlet.  When U.S. gymnast Gabby Douglas leaped and tumbled her way to individual gold, for example, hundreds of photographers clicked away to capture her performance. But judging by the online content of this study's  news outlets, viewers wouldn't necessarily have seen those pictures unless they surfed to a U.S.-based site.<br />
<br />
<strong>Make your own assessment of which outlets you think covered the Olympics the best.  View the Pinterest boards <a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/" target="_hplink">here</a>.</strong><br />
<br />
<strong>And check out the sites directly to revisit the photographic coverage.</strong> <br />
<ol><li><em><a href="http://www.aljazeerasport.net/" target="_hplink">Al Jazeera</a> </em>(Qatar)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/olympics/2012/" target="_hplink">BBC News</a></em> (UK)   </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.clarin.com/mision-olimpica/" target="_hplink">Clarin</a></em> (Argentina)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/olympics/?eref=sinav&amp;sct=hp_nv_a" target="_hplink">CNN/Sports Illustrated</a></em> (USA)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/olympics/index.html" target="_hplink">Daily Mail</a></em> (UK)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://deportes.elpais.com/tag/juegos_olimpicos_2012/a/" target="_hplink">El Pais</a></em> (Spain)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://espn.go.com/olympics/" target="_hplink">ESPN</a></em> (USA)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/olympics-2012" target="_hplink">Guardian</a></em> (UK) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.nbcolympics.com/  " target="_hplink">NBC Olympics</a></em> (USA)</li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.parismatch.com/Actu-Match/Sport/" target="_hplink">Paris Match</a></em> (France) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://sports.people.com.cn/london2012/" target="_hplink">People's Daily</a></em> (China) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.sueddeutsche.de/thema/Olympia" target="_hplink">S&uuml;ddeutsche Zeitung</a></em> (Germany) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.smh.com.au/olympics" target="_hplink">Sydney Morning Herald</a></em> (Australia) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://televisadeportes.esmas.com/londres-2012/" target="_hplink">Televisa Deportes</a></em> (Mexico) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.thehindu.com/system/topicRoot/London_Olympics_2012/" target="_hplink">The Hindu</a></em> (India) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://london2012.nytimes.com/?8qa" target="_hplink">The New York Times</a></em> (USA) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.standardmedia.co.ke/?categoryID=31" target="_hplink">The Standard</a></em> (Kenya) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/" target="_hplink">The Telegraph</a></em> (UK) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://www.sportlive.co.za/moresport/olympics/" target="_hplink">The Times</a></em> (South Africa) </li><br />
<li><em><a href="http://sports.yahoo.com/olympics/" target="_hplink">Yahoo!</a></em> (USA) </li></ol><br />
<br />
<br />
---<br />
<br />
<em><strong>A Note on Methodology</strong>:  The Olympix study used the image-curating site <a href="http://pinterest.com/olympix/" target="_hplink">Pinterest</a> to investigate the photographic coverage of the 2012 Olympic Games in London.  The study, conducted live during the Olympics by faculty and students attending the <a href="http://www.salzburgglobal.org/current/blog.cfm?IDMedia=67538" target="_hplink">Salzburg Academy on Media &amp; Global Change</a> in Salzburg, Austria, looked at the coverage of the first four days of the games, from July 30 to August 2.  In 2008, the Salzburg Academy conducted an evaluation of the Beijing Olympics, which can be seen <a href="http://blog.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2008/09/17/study_china_neutralizes_global_media" target="_hplink">here</a>.<br />
<br />
Global faculty, from the regions and countries considered, selected the news outlets: they selected each news outlet for its general popularity and its attention to sports.  Researchers then used Pinterest and screengrabs of the home pages to capture images from those 20 news outlets in 13 countries and evaluate them using a codebook hosted on <a href="https://www.surveymonkey.com/" target="_hplink">SurveyMonkey</a>. (Note that in order to code rapidly changing sites, researchers grabbed screenshots of the London 2012 dedicated pages as well as the photos that appeared on those pages.  As a result, the Pinterest "pins" do not link back to the originating visuals and also include some evaluative comments of the coders.) The roughly 75 coders came from five continents and 12 countries and they all were native speakers of the news outlets they coded.   <br />
<br />
Screen grabs were evaluated for the web content that appeared under the website's banner title, but before a visitor to the site would have to scroll down.  (Note that some of the screen grabs posted to Pinterest include information lower down; that content was not coded.) Video embeds that appeared as photos until clicked were treated as still photos, and special slideshows (often in Flash) were considered as one image unless the show advanced through the images automatically. Sites were checked once daily, so the total number of evaluated photos does not account for websites refreshing their images throughout the days of breaking events.  In most cases, however, the sites simply replaced photos, rather than updated the format of their pages.  Therefore the number of photos on each London 2012 webpage remained relatively constant. <br />
<br />
Megan Fromm, PhD, directed the Olympix study, in consultation with professors Susan Moeller, <a href="http://paulmihailidis.com/" target="_hplink">Paul Mihailidis</a> and <a href="http://www.aub.edu.lb/fas/sbs/media_studies/ourpeople/Pages/JadMelki.aspx" target="_hplink">Jad Melki</a>.   The <a href="http://www.icmpa.umd.edu/index.html" target="_hplink">International Center for Media &amp; the Public Agenda</a> (ICMPA), partnered in the study, conducted at the 6th annual Salzburg Academy on Media &amp; Global Change hosted by the <a href="http://www.salzburgglobal.org/current/index-b.cfm" target="_hplink">Salzburg Global Seminar</a>.  <a href="http://www.merrill.umd.edu/directory/susan-moeller" target="_hplink">Susan Moeller</a> is the director of ICMPA and a co-founder of the Salzburg Academy, now going into its 7th year.</em>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/745770/thumbs/s-OSCAR-PISTORIUS-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>New Study: College Students Show Little Interest in Politics This Election Year</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/study-college-students-sh_b_1777322.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1777322</id>
    <published>2012-08-15T19:00:13-04:00</published>
    <updated>2012-10-15T05:12:02-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Results from the Political Engagement study highlighted how little time college students -- even those at school inside the Washington, DC Beltway -- spend following political news.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[<strong><em>written with Elia Powers</em></strong><br />
<br />
College students today are apathetic about politics and seeking little news about the presidential election.  <br />
<br />
In a study conducted this spring of 200 undergraduates led by the <a href="http://www.icmpa.umd.edu/index.html" target="_hplink">International Center for Media &amp; the Public Agenda</a> at the <a href="http://www.umd.edu/" target="_hplink">University of Maryland</a>, students reported that while they do follow political news, they "really don't follow it that much," as one student summarized.  "When I do," that student reported, "I just read it and move on and do not really share or discuss it so much with my friends." <br />
<br />
The ICMPA study asked 200 students in an entry-level Media Literacy course to blog every three hours for three days before, during and after <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/03/06/super-tuesday-2012-results_n_1324709.html" target="_hplink">Super Tuesday</a> about how they consumed political news.  Students wrote time-stamped diary entries about when they tuned into election coverage as well as news about campaign issues (health care, the economy, etc.) -- and when (if at all) they discussed politics with others. <br />
<br />
Elia Powers, lead investigator for the Political Engagement study, noted that the study suggested that "Any political news students get is in a rush, often while they are in the midst of doing something else, and taken in very small doses."  As one student reported: "[I] quickly skimmed an article about on my Yahoo! home page about Romney's chances of being the Republican nominee." "In between classes, I checked Google news," wrote another.<br />
<br />
Results from the Political Engagement study highlighted how little time college students -- even those at school inside the Washington, DC Beltway -- spend following political news.  In fact, the majority of students spent 30 minutes or less over the three-day period before, during and after Super Tuesday following political news.  "I briefly looked through the CNN website and BBC," wrote one student.  "Today, I sporadically checked the <em>New York Times</em> on my phone and watched MSNBC on TV about the election," said another.  "This morning when I woke up at 10 a.m. I had a text message from my dad asking if I was going to be watching the news later to see the results of Super Tuesday. This was the only time so far today that I talked politics for a couple of minutes," wrote a third.<br />
<br />
The study and its accompanying survey tracked how students accessed the political news they did get.  Said Powers:  "We discovered that students most commonly get their political news through the computer, followed by cell phone and word of mouth. News aggregators were the most popular news platforms, largely because students said sites such as Yahoo! News can be read at a glance and send them news alerts - both traits catering to their passive news consumption.  Students appear willing to scan political news that they stumble upon, but they don't go out of their way to search it out."<br />
<br />
Nearly half of students in the Political Engagement study didn't use Twitter at all, but many of those who did said they "relied heavily" on it for political news.  "I woke up at 11," wrote one student, "and checked Twitter to see that Super Tuesday was trending again."  The study's results suggested that Twitter users view the platform as a first-alert system -- in much the same way as non-users tap into the alert system from Yahoo! and Google.  Almost no one reported tweeting about politics themselves, but a number admitted passing on satirical tweets about the election or specific candidates.  <br />
<br />
Facebook, surprisingly, did not significantly factor into students' political news-gathering or engagement.  While more students reported they visited Facebook than they did Twitter, fewer said they relied heavily on it for political news. <br />
<br />
Cable networks for breaking headlines proved relatively popular on the night of Super Tuesday and students also mentioned watching <em>The Daily Show</em> and <em>The Colbert Report</em>.  Yet the most frequently mentioned sources of political news were content originators, such as the <em>New York Times</em>, the <em>Washington Post</em> and CNN -- in other words, much the same sources as the students' parents use.<br />
<br />
The Political Engagement study also identified the issues college students said were of greatest interest to them:  the economy, education and social issues such as gay marriage and abortion. Still, students over the three-day period spent very little time even discussing these hot-button issues. As one student confessed: "Other than some Tumblr posts, I have not engaged in any political discussions."<br />
<br />
One explanation for students' overall lack of political engagement during this study was that only 28 students in the study identified themselves as Republicans -- and this year's Super Tuesday focused on the selection of the Republican candidate for president. However, even among those students who did self-identify as Republicans, few reported greater engagement with politics than the student Democrats supporting President Obama.  Wrote one Republican on the day before Super Tuesday's primaries: "I received a text message from my friend informing me that Mitt Romney picked up yet another Republican endorsement and that polls suggested Romney has caught up with Rick Santorum in Ohio. As a Romney supporter, I was thrilled to hear the news."  But in a later blog post, the same student wrote:  "I have still not checked anything based on politics today, but have watched a good amount of sports-related news."<br />
<br />
In fact the vast majority of students reported that while they were registered to vote and plan to vote in the November election, they said they'd be more likely to pay attention to politics if they saw the direct relevance of the election to their lives.  And most didn't make a significant connection.  Several students conceded that they were only paying the slight attention they were because of the assignment asking them to post their actions and thoughts every three hours.<br />
<br />
As one student noted: "To me it is pretty amazing that my fellow students do not seem interested in Super Tuesday, [but] I must admit if it wasn't for this class I am not sure how interested I would be either."<br />
<br />
---<br />
<em><strong>A brief note on methodology</strong>:  The ICMPA study focused on 200 students in an entry-level Media Literacy course in the Philip Merrill College of Journalism at the University of Maryland.  Susan Moeller is the professor of that course and the director of ICMPA.  Of the 200 students who took part in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutional_review_board" target="_hplink">IRB</a>-approved study, more than 150 students agreed to have researchers access and publish their three days of diary entries.  Following the three days of blogging the students completed a survey about media use, political interests and demographic data. <br />
<br />
Elia Powers, the lead researcher of the study, is conducting a full analysis of the Super Tuesday study results, as well as a follow-up study analyzing students' engagement during this fall's general election.<br />
</em>]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/555441/thumbs/s-STUDENT-LOAN-DEBT-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Sacrificing to 'Have It All': Four Extraordinary Women Explain How to Balance Work and Family</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/ann-marie-slaughter_b_1625458.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2012:/theblog//3.1625458</id>
    <published>2012-06-26T11:09:30-04:00</published>
    <updated>2012-08-26T05:12:05-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA["It's not that Anne-Marie was being blocked by attitudes that are keeping her from her definition of the top, but that she's being blocked by the reality of her needing to be available to her family,"]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[It's not only Anne-Marie Slaughter, Princeton professor and former Director of Policy Planning for the U.S. State Department, who has recognized that even women at the top can't "have it all," as detailed in  her cover story in <a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/07/why-women-still-can-t-have-it-all/9020/" target="_hplink"><em>The Atlantic</em></a>.  <br />
<br />
<img style="border: 0pt none; float:left; padding-right:10px; padding-bottom:5px" img alt="2012-06-25-MeritJanow.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-06-25-MeritJanow.jpg" align="left" width="150" height="150" />"I think work-life balance is something you can only achieve later in life," said Merit E. Janow, a <a href="http://www.columbia.edu/~mj60/MeritE.Janow/CV.html" target="_hplink">professor</a> of international economic law and international affairs at Columbia University, the first woman member of the WTO Appellate Body and the <a href="http://ir.nasdaqomx.com/sub-The-NASDAQ-Stock-Market-LLC.cfm" target="_hplink">chairman</a> of NASDAQ Exchange LLC. She adds:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>You can't start off with work-life balance and be successful. Period. If you're not willing to acknowledge that, then there are certain lines of work that you shouldn't go in. I think maybe people haven't quite accepted that reality. They just haven't accepted it. They're just kind of stumbling into it and then they realize it, discover it. </blockquote><br />
<br />
In a conversation over breakfast at the <a href="http://www.salzburgglobal.org/"  target="_hplink">Salzburg Global Seminar</a> in Austria, Janow joined three other extraordinary women, each with multiple "firsts" on their resumes, to talk about what they know about managing careers and home lives and how their experiences have aligned with Slaughter's. Accomplished women in Anne-Marie Slaughter's self-described demographic -- "<a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/07/why-women-still-can-t-have-it-all/9020/" target="_hplink">highly educated, well-off women who are privileged enough to have choices in the first place</a>" -- have accepted, in some cases for a very long time, that there aren't enough hours in the day to pursue careers to the pinnacle of success, be home for dinner every night and daily help with the children's homework before bedtime -- "at least in most of the professions I know," said Janow.  <br />
<br />
<img style="border: 0pt none; float:right; padding-left:10px; padding-bottom:5px" img alt="2012-06-25-BaronessPrashar.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-06-25-BaronessPrashar.jpg" align="right" width="173" height="150" />"Even the very fortunate, those who have childcare, those who have a supportive spouse, still face the reality that child-rearing requires love and attention and if your job requires all of your time then you have to make a choice," said Baroness Usha Prashar, outgoing chairman of the UK's <a href="http://www.thelawyer.com/dca-appoints-first-chair-of-the-judicial-appointments-commissio/116895.article" target="_hplink">Judicial Appointments Commission</a> and a member of the House of Lords as a Crossbencher.<br />
<br />
<img style="border: 0pt none; float:left; padding-right:10px; padding-bottom:5px" img alt="2012-06-25-MarinaWhitman.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-06-25-MarinaWhitman.jpg" align="left" width="118" height="150" />"But I think we need to make very explicit," said Marina Whitman, a <a href="http://www.fordschool.umich.edu/faculty/Marina_Whitman" target="_hplink">professor</a> of business administration and public policy at the University of Michigan, a former senior vice president at GM and <a href="http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&amp;dat=19720130&amp;id=y9hVAAAAIBAJ&amp;sjid=QeEDAAAAIBAJ&amp;pg=5721,6108910" target="_hplink">the first woman</a> appointed as a member of the three-person Council of Economic Advisers in the White House in 1972:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>...that liberation is not about that every woman has to strive for the top. It's about the ability to make choices without having barriers. I think about what my daughter has said to me: 'Thank you, mom, for being a pioneer so that I am free to make my own choices.' And implicit in that was, that 'my choices are different from yours.' Not that life will be perfect under any choice. </blockquote><br />
<br />
Yes, said Baroness Prashar. "What used to bother me is when there was a view that women couldn't do certain jobs and your choices were limited." That's what's changed, agreed Whitman.  "It's not that those pressures aren't still there, but at least the possibilities exist of not facing a stark black and white, but having choices in a number of shades of gray in this work-family balance that in a way wasn't available to my generation. You either went for broke or you didn't."<br />
<br />
<img style="border: 0pt none; float:right; padding-left:10px; padding-bottom:5px" img alt="2012-06-25-MarthaDarling.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-06-25-MarthaDarling.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2012-06-25-MeritJanow.jpg" align="right" width="118" height="150" />I'm not sure, actually, that calling a woman's decision between family and career "making a choice" is entirely fair, said Martha Darling, a former senior executive at Boeing, and a member of the <a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/president-obama-announces-more-key-administration-posts-4610" target="_hplink">White House Commission on Presidential Scholars</a>. What women continue to face "is the notion of great 'sacrifice' -- of sacrificing something of real value."  <br />
<br />
Even when women have supportive husbands as Slaughter does, the four women noted, if they decide to work at the top of their fields, "there's a biological maternal thing that no matter that I can easily acknowledge that my husband is equally good at all this stuff, I cannot take myself out of child care," Darling said. "I hurt, I feel." <br />
<br />
"It's not that Anne-Marie was being blocked by attitudes that are keeping her from her definition of the top, but that she's being blocked by the reality of her needing to be available to her family," agreed Janow:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>I don't know if you remember many years ago [1996] that there was a <a href="http://archives.newyorker.com/?i=1996-03-18#folio=CV1" target="_hplink"><em>New Yorker</em> piece</a> rather like this one of Anne-Marie's, in which Charlene Barshefsky, who was Deputy U.S. Trade Representative, described helping her 12-year-old with homework while she was on a trade mission in China, telephonically. That is still the case for working mothers in senior positions with young children. That's what you do. And that is normal. It's normal.</blockquote><br />
<br />
"Some types of work are not child/family-friendly," continued Janow:<br />
<br />
<blockquote>There are certain professions that I've been in -- for example, being an M&amp;A lawyer at a major Wall Street law firm -- that do not allow one to succeed and manage one's own time; one is at the beck and call of one's client. And the way these firms differentiate themselves is by being able to provide quality service in as quick a period of time as possible under high stress conditions... so you have to have an infrastructure around you and relegate child-rearing to someone else if you have a child. M&amp;A lawyers just see their children selectively -- say, in short bursts over dinner before going back to work, and so on. It is the nature of the business.</blockquote><br />
<br />
So too, said Janow, "if you are talking about professions that have a diplomatic aspect to them, for example where you're trying to work on economic or other disputes between the United States and a foreign jurisdiction, to have that occur in a predictable time frame amenable to your family life is probably unrealistic." If you want to balance career and family, "you have to be in a slightly different work environment so that you have more control over your own time. And luck, a supportive spouse and the financial means to create the necessary infrastructure are crucial."  <br />
<br />
"There are professions, and interestingly enough my daughter has chosen one of them," said Whitman, which have adapted to these challenges. "Medicine, at least in the U.S., has become highly feminized. And one of the responses of the field has been to become quite tolerant of part-time work by physicians -- if they don't necessarily want to climb to the top of the academic ladder. Two women can put together a complete practice or five women put together a three-person practice. It depends on what your ambitions are," said Whitman.  <br />
<br />
"For me, as a woman, as an immigrant into the country [the UK] and as a professional, it's really about having choices:  it's choices that you make -- not ones that are made for you -- and considering what will be the consequences," said Baroness Prashar.  "Having it all" ironically only works when women -- and men -- make real sacrifices.  And having it all means attitudinal changes about what exactly "all" means.<br />
 <br />
Anne-Marie Slaughter ends her <em>Atlantic</em> piece with the hope that a time will soon come when "all Americans [can] have healthy, happy productive lives, valuing the people they love as much as the success they seek."  <br />
<br />
How can that happen? "A lot of this is in your self-perception: To feel that one is making a sacrifice is an attitudinal matter. People have to come to terms with what is the sacrifice they think they are making," said Merit E. Janow. "A lot of it is in your mind about which is the more valued activity and which is 'contributing' more."]]></content>
    <link href="http://i.huffpost.com/gen/660130/thumbs/s-ANNMARIE-SLAUGHTER-mini.jpg" type="image/jpeg" rel="enclosure"/>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Worldwide, Students Suffer From Internet 'Addiction'</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/technology-internet-addiction_b_845172.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2011:/theblog//3.845172</id>
    <published>2011-04-06T17:34:09-04:00</published>
    <updated>2011-06-06T05:12:01-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[For young adults, media are no longer external actors that deliver news and information; they are the circuitry of this generation's increasingly bionic make-up.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA["I sat in my bed and stared blankly."  "My nerves were overwhelmed."  "I had a raised heart rate, increased anxiety and was panicking."  "It felt as though I was being tortured."  "Emptiness overwhelmed me."<br />
<br />
How would you feel if you had to go without media for 24 hours?  A thousand students in ten countries on five continents -- from Chile to China, Lebanon to the USA, Uganda to the United Kingdom -- abstained from using any media for a full day.  No Internet, no newspapers, no magazines, no TV, no mobile phones, no iPods, no movies, no Facebook, no Twitter, no chat, no Playstation, no Wii, no video games.<br />
<br />
The five statements above?  All from the <a href="http://theworldunplugged.wordpress.com/about/statistics/" target="_hplink">college students</a> who went unplugged -- in Hong Kong, Chile, England, the US and Mexico.  <br />
<br />
Take a look at <em><a href="http://theworldunplugged.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">the world UNPLUGGED</a></em>, a new study about how 17-25 year olds use media.  The project led by the International Center for Media &amp; the Public Agenda (<a href="http://theworldunplugged.wordpress.com/about/international-center-for-media-the-public-agenda/" target="_hplink">ICMPA</a>) at the University of Maryland, together with 11 partner <a href="http://theworldunplugged.wordpress.com/demographics/" target="_hplink">universities</a> at the <a href="http://theworldunplugged.wordpress.com/about/salzburg-academy/" target="_hplink">Salzburg Academy of Media &amp; Global Change</a> in Salzburg, Austria, concluded that students' '<a href="http://theworldunplugged.wordpress.com/addictions/" target="_hplink">addiction</a>' to media may not be clinically diagnosed, but the cravings sure seem real - as do the anxiety and the depression.<br />
<br />
Here's another a sampling of the <a href="http://theworldunplugged.wordpress.com/about/" target="_hplink">almost half a million words</a> written by the students about abstaining from all media for a day.  (In the aggregate the students wrote about as many words as Leo Tolstoy did in <em>War and Peace</em>.):<br />
<br />
<ul><li>"I felt incomplete." (Mexico)  </li><br />
<li>"I felt so lonely." (Uganda)  </li><br />
<li>"I felt desperate." (Chile)  </li><br />
<li>"I panicked." (Slovakia)  </li><br />
<li>"I feel like a slave to media." (China)</li><br />
<li>"I felt like a drug addict." (US)  </li><br />
<li>"Media is my drug." (UK)  </li><br />
<li>"I am addicted to technology." (Argentina)  </li><br />
<li>"I am an addict." (Lebanon)  </li></ul><br />
<br />
<br />
Why did students report such <a href="http://theworldunplugged.wordpress.com/emotion/distress/" target="_hplink">distress</a>?  Over and over the students said that media -- especially their mobile phones -- have literally become integral to their personal identities. Going without media, therefore, meant that the students not only had to confront their media habits, but their sense of self. Who were they, if they weren't plugged in? <br />
<br />
Remember the rogue computer HAL 9000 from <em>2001: A Space Odyssey</em> who ultimately is disconnected by the lone surviving human on the spaceship?  As Dave the astronaut removes HAL's memory banks one by one, HAL says plaintively:  "I'm afraid. I'm afraid, Dave. Dave, my mind is going. I can feel it." Students who took part in this global media study acted a lot like HAL. When asked to unplug, admitted a student from Mexico, "I felt psychological effects like I was feeling incomplete."  Without my cell phone, said the student, "I could not live or doing anything without it."<br />
<br />
For young adults, media are no longer external actors that deliver news and information; they are the circuitry of this generation's increasingly bionic make-up.  For students to unplug from media, was comparable in effect to telling HAL to shut himself down. Media, and especially social media are not just ways for students to communicate -- they shape how others think of them and how they think about themselves. <br />
]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Media Lit 101:  The Aspen Institute -- Photoshopping Madeleine Albright &amp; Condi Rice</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/media-lit-101-the-aspen-i_b_796294.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2010:/theblog//3.796294</id>
    <published>2010-12-14T00:31:11-05:00</published>
    <updated>2011-05-25T18:20:30-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Imagine you are Walter Isaacson. 

You are the president and CEO of the Aspen Institute, "a nonpartisan educational and policy...]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[Imagine you are Walter Isaacson. <br />
<br />
You are the president and CEO of the Aspen Institute, "a nonpartisan educational and policy studies institute based in Washington, DC," (according to its own <a href="http://www.aspeninstitute.org/about/about-walter-isaacson" target="_hplink">website</a>).  You were previously the chairman and CEO of CNN and the editor of <em>TIME</em> magazine.  You want the latest issue of your premier magazine, <em><a href="http://www.aspeninstitute.org/about/aspen-idea" target="_hplink">The Aspen Idea</a></em>, to have on its cover a photo of the public meeting of the Aspen Strategy Group where Nicholas Burns, the director of the Group, moderated a conversation between former secretaries of state Madeleine Albright and Condoleezza Rice.  <br />
<br />
You've got some great photos of the secretaries in animated conversation.  But the bad news is the stage was set up with the moderator in the middle, and the photo you want to use of the two women has that distracting guy right there in the center.  What do you do?<br />
<br />
<img style="border: 0pt none; float:left; padding-right:10px; padding-bottom:5px" img alt="2010-12-14-Aspenideacover.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2010-12-14-Aspenideacover.jpg" align="left" width="307" height="400" /><br />
<br />
I'm not sure what you would do, but according to editor-in-chief Jamie Miller, Mr. Isaacson and the rest of the <em>Idea</em> editorial "team" okayed a <a href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/40898214/The-Aspen-Idea-Winter-2010" target="_hplink">cover image</a>, which involved not only a <a href="http://www.hoover.org/publications/hoover-digest/article/7288" target="_hplink">Soviet-style removal</a> of poor Mr. Burns, but further photoshopping to add shadow detail and delete the distracting background of the repeating Aspen Institute logo type (which would not have matched up when the two sides of the photo were photoshopped together). <br />
<br />
"We didn't really feel like it [the photoshopping] affected any kind of news value of the story," said Miller.<br />
<br />
When asked if she thought the tiny credit on the table of contents page that reads "<em>On the Cover:  Institute trustees and former Secretaries of State Madeleine Albright and Condoleeza Rice.  Photo by Michael Brands. Photo Illustration by Steve Johnson and TMG</em>" was sufficient to alert readers that the image had been manipulated and a person had been deleted from the picture, Miller said, "we didn't feel that we really needed to get into it any further than that."<br />
<br />
The National Press Photographers Association (<a href="http://www.nppa.org/professional_development/self-training_resources/eadp_report/eadptxt.html" target="_hplink">NPPA</a>) disagrees with such editorial decisions:  "if a photo looks real, it better be real." And as I wrote in another column about <em>Washingtonian</em> magazine's <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/media-literacy-101-the-et_b_189488.html" target="_hplink">photoshopping its 2009 cover of President Obama</a> in swim trunks:  "The rule of thumb is, if you want to change what's in the photo, choose another photo."  <br />
<br />
John Long, NPPA Ethics Co-Chair and past president, tells the story on the NPPA <a href="http://www.nppa.org/professional_development/self-training_resources/eadp_report/digital_manipulation.html" target="_hplink">website</a> of <em>Sports Illustrated</em> editors who showed in one photo "a star player, Ricky Moore, going up for a lay up with another player, Kevin Freeman, in the frame. They also used the same photo on the cover of the regular edition of the magazine, cropped tighter but with Kevin Freeman removed. I guess he cluttered up the cover, so he was expendable. The point I want to make here is that, if <em>Sports Illustrated</em> had not used the same photo twice, they would not have been caught."<br />
<br />
That's actually how I discovered <em>The Aspen Idea</em>'s slight of hand.  The Institute sent out a fundraising brochure with the original photo in it.  It's not as pretty as the magazine cover image, but my sense of the event is better grounded in the reality of what happened there.  <img style="border: 0pt none; float:right; padding-left:10px; padding-top:10px; padding-bottom:5px" img alt="2010-12-14-Aspenbrochure.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2010-12-14-Aspenbrochure.jpg" align="right" width="400" height="270" />  In the faked <em>Idea</em> cover photo Secretary Albright is speaking, and has her arm thrown out towards Secretary Rice.  Viewers of the cover might well take away the idea that Albright is directly praising Rice, a sentiment reinforced by the headline:  <em>Common Ground:  Albright and Rice Display the Spirit of Aspen</em>.  In the original image, that is not the clear message.  With Nicholas Burns in the photo, it appears that Albright's stretched-out hand is as likely reaching out to him as to Rice.<br />
<br />
Back in 1982 <em>National Geographic</em> magazine became notorious when it moved two pyramids closer together because they were too spread out in the original photo to make a good vertical cover. The editors defended their manipulation as a "<a href="http://www.nppa.org/professional_development/self-training_resources/eadp_report/eadptxt.html" target="_hplink">retroactive repositioning of the photographer</a>," meaning that the photographer could have gotten that picture if he had only taken the photo from another angle. <br />
<br />
It appears that <em>The Aspen Idea</em> editors didn't recall the outcry after that fakery--or the fact that now, almost 30 years later, copies of that doctored cover are still the first pictures that Google images pulls up when you put the words <a href="http://www.google.com/images?um=1&amp;hl=en&amp;safe=off&amp;client=firefox-a&amp;rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&amp;biw=1215&amp;bih=642&amp;tbs=isch%3A1&amp;sa=1&amp;q=national+geographic+pyramid&amp;aq=f&amp;aqi=g3&amp;aql=&amp;oq=&amp;gs_rfai=" target="_hplink">"National Geographic" and "pyramid"</a> into its search.  Otherwise, how to explain <em>Idea</em> editor Miller's comment:   "We photoshopped it because the way they were sitting the moderator was in the middle," said Miller.  "They were just physically too spread out to make it a cover shot, to get both of the secretaries in.  So, it was really just a practical decision."<br />
<br />
Every semester I teach a Media Literacy course to several hundred students, and I always have a class where I show the egregious instances where fashion magazines have photoshopped models and celebrities.  We talk about the need for readers to be aware that what they see is not the "truth."  We also talk about the problems that a magazine of <a href="http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/12/17/losing-weight-by-photoshop/" target="_hplink">"perfect" people</a> in "perfect" situations creates:  <a href="http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/11/04/signs-of-a-bruised-body-image/" target="_hplink">body image</a> problems for girls, for starters.   <br />
<br />
Then I show examples of <a href="http://www.mediabistro.com/10000words/10-news-photos-that-took-photoshop-too_b328" target="_hplink">photoshopping from the news media</a>--a doctored image of smoke over Beirut during the 2006 war with Israel sent out by Reuters, for example, or a 2003 <em>LA Times</em> photo of a soldier in Basra.  In those latter cases the photographers lost their jobs for altering their images, and the news outlets lost credibility.   Journalism standards and ethics prohibit tampering with the photographic coverage of a news event. <br />
<br />
What's the take-away of that lecture for students?  That they can--usually--trust news photos to be accurate depictions of what happened, because news outlets want to be seen as fair, balanced and accurate in their coverage.  But all bets are off when media are trying to sell something.  In the world of consumerism, photo retouchers are not ostracized, they are well-paid to distort what something looks like--if the result is that the distortion gets the audience to want the product:  the clothing, the perfume, a subscription to the magazine.<br />
<br />
What then should we take away from the decision made by <em>The Aspen Idea</em> to run an egregiously photoshopped cover of a public newsworthy event?  That the magazine's primary goal, despite Isaacson's previous credentials in journalism, is less "to provide a neutral and balanced venue for discussing and acting on critical issues," as the <a href="http://www.aspeninstitute.org/about/mission" target="_hplink">mission statement</a> of the institute says, than to sell us "the Spirit of Aspen."  <br />
<br />
But I don't think that's what Aspen wants. Fairness, accuracy and credibility matter in the world of public policy and non-profit institutions.  Even in Washington.  <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Media Lit 101:  WikiLeaks -- Espionage or Journalism?</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/media-lit-101-wikileaks-e_b_795077.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2010:/theblog//3.795077</id>
    <published>2010-12-10T13:40:27-05:00</published>
    <updated>2011-05-25T18:20:30-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[As the world media debates whether Julian Assange is a cyber-terrorist or the next Daniel Ellsberg, and the U.S. government scrambles to stop his next classified data dump, many of the best outlets to educate the public on the matter are closing up shop.]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[<em>with Megan E. Fromm</em><br />
<br />
If you have to ask, it's probably time to revisit your high school journalism class.  Oh, sorry. You can't. It's been eliminated.<br />
 <br />
As the world media debates whether Julian Assange is a cyber-terrorist or the next Daniel Ellsberg, and the U.S. government scrambles to stop his next classified data dump, many of the best outlets to educate the public on the matter are closing up shop.<br />
 <br />
That's right -- high school journalism classes across the country are being eliminated in desperate measures to balance budgets and leave more time for schools to raise test scores in "core" subjects. If the pen truly is mightier than the sword, oh, how the mighty have fallen. <br />
 <br />
Just this week, the third-largest school district in Illinois (Rockford Public Schools) held a special board meeting to consider eliminating journalism and honors courses from its curriculum. A vote is expected on Dec. 14.  Rockford would not be the first to decide to make such drastic cuts. <br />
<br />
In Kansas, the department of education approved in September a measure to pull from the 2012-2013 budget all vocational funding dollars and federal grants used to support many high school journalism programs across the state.  Their rationale? There are fewer journalists, fewer journalism jobs, and thus less need to fund this "vocational" profession. <br />
 <br />
But without journalism and media literacy classes, there is no one training the high school generation to be our future Fourth Estate -- the judicious watchdogs we all need, who keep an eye on the powerful, but who also understand the responsibilities and ramifications of reporting the news.  Without journalism courses, students have one less venue for learning ethical decision-making, and have lost their opportunity to practice in the real world the hard work of making good decisions.<br />
 <br />
Students "hear about ethics, accountability and trust almost nowhere else in the curriculum," notes Jan Ewell, a former veteran high school journalism teacher in California. "They certainly will have no other opportunity in their academic training to apply these principles."<br />
<br />
It seems frankly counter-intuitive that in the very midst of the international battle about the nature of cyber-information and the scope of the First Amendment, states and school districts are axing the classes that teach students to evaluate what they read and hear and see. Teaching all students to themselves speak out -- to the media, through the media, and by creating their own media -- is essential to moving them beyond passive media consumption to active civic engagement.  Teaching students about their responsibilities and their rights as citizens is crucial to their eventual exercise of those as adults.<br />
 <br />
"When the kids learn to publish on the Internet... we give them a loaded gun," Jan Ewell, a former veteran high school journalism teacher in California, said about today's Internet-dominated media culture.  "Journalism is the gun-safety training."<br />
 <br />
The state of scholastic journalism has prompted some foundations and professional journalism organizations to organize a defense:  the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation, for example, has a High School Journalism Initiative and <a href="http://www.knightfoundation.org/programs/journalism/initiative_detail.dot?id=132820" target="_hplink">website</a> dedicated to increase student media and improve First Amendment awareness and use of news in the classroom.  And recently  journalism teachers, themselves -- many of whom are high school newspaper and yearbook advisers -- have come together to create a grassroots organization devoted to saving high school journalism programs, one class at a time.  The Scholastic Journalism Institute and its website <a href="http://thinksji.org/" target="_hplink">ThinkSJI</a> are in their first year of shoring up support for teachers who say their journalism programs are on the verge of being (or have already been) cut.<br />
 <br />
"Journalism delivers nearly every skill that is critical to 21st century success," notes Mark Newton, a founding member of ThinkSJI and a high school journalism teacher in Colorado. "If we can show that, then journalism will become a class/program that every school that wants best of its students will deliver."<br />
<br />
Teaching students journalism standards and ethics is key, even if the kids aren't heading for careers in media.  Today, with cell phone cameras, Twitter and Facebook, everyone can put news and information out there.<br />
 <br />
"Information may long to be free, but not all information deserves to be free -- and someone needs to make those calls," says Jack Kennedy, Journalism Education Association president and a former high school journalism teacher.  Kennedy, who also teaches college freshman composition and has discussed Wikileaks in his classes, notes that the majority of his students "are remarkably uninformed and don't seem engaged in the issue."<br />
 <br />
Journalism and media literacy classes, both at the high school and college level, facilitate discussions on breaking news stories in ways that allow tomorrow's reporters, as well as tomorrow's pundits and policymakers, to consider all sides.  Especially important, Kennedy argues, is prodding students to consider the credibility of sources and the integrity of information presented. <br />
 <br />
To teach journalism is to teach the delicate balance among the public's right to know, the value of the information at hand, and the risks involved with divulging that information.  The news today is full of those crying that Assange is saving democracy one data dump at a time.  And there are other voices charging that the effect of Wikileaks will be to push international diplomacy behind even more firmly closed doors.  Still others are calling his actions "terrorist."  But if journalism classes continue to be eliminated from high schools across the country, the number of people capable of understanding what is at stake will be few and far between.<br />
 <br />
<center> -----</center><br />
<br />
<br />
<em>Megan E. Fromm holds a Ph.D. in Journalism Studies from the University of Maryland and is currently the publications director and student newspaper adviser at Charles E. Smith Jewish Day School in Maryland.</em><br />
]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Media Lit 101: A Guinness Record We Don't Want</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/media-lit-101-a-guinness_b_747589.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2010:/theblog//3.747589</id>
    <published>2010-10-01T17:58:33-04:00</published>
    <updated>2011-05-25T17:55:20-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Today another world record is in the bag for Iraq.  This time, it's the country to go the longest - 208 days - between holding...]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[Today another<a href=" http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/09/30/AR2010093006546_pf.html " target="_hplink"> world record</a> is in the bag for Iraq.  This time, it's the country to go the longest - 208 days - between holding a parliamentary election and forming a government.  (The Dutch were the previous record holders, dating back to 1977 when attempts to form a government dragged on for 207 days.) <br />
<br />
Elections are dicey things--consider our own brush with the hanging chads of Florida.  What matters, clearly, is not just getting folks to the ballot boxes.  That can be challenging in itself.  But what comes after the voting matters more.  Who takes office?  What kind of public mandate do they have (or believe they have)?  How do they govern?  What advisers and officials do they surround themselves with?  What kind of accountability is in place between elections to keep a check on those in power?  What does the public know about what's happening?<br />
<br />
For those of us watching Iraq from afar, our information comes via the international media.  And global media closely follow elections in countries where Americans have keen security interests:  Iraq, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan. But after the ballots have been counted, the media spotlights turn off, the news goes elsewhere, and we at home turn away to other more sensational stories.  <br />
<br />
We aren't interested in the messy business of forming a government, and we certainly aren't interested in status quo.  That's a problem because Iraq has been mired in stasis for 208 days now.  What we are interested in is political conflict and controversy - consider the U.S. midterm elections and the wall-to-wall coverage about the rage in the New York governor's race or about whether a brush with Satanism is this year's equivalent of claiming not to have inhaled.  <br />
<br />
Yet despite their pandering to the lowest tabloid-esque interests, many media outlets have gotten better at covering elections, even if they are not great in covering what comes next.  <a href="http://www.icmpa.umd.edu/index.html" target="_hplink">The International Center for Media &amp; the Public Agenda</a> (ICMPA) at the University of Maryland recently completed a <a href="http://newsinsite.wordpress.com/ " target="_hplink">study</a> of U.S. and U.K. media coverage of five elections over the past 5 years, work conducted in part for a Carnegie Corporation of New York scholar award project.   ICMPA researched reporting of the 2010 and the 2005 elections in Iraq, the 2009 Afghanistan and Iranian elections and the 2008 election in Pakistan.  <br />
<br />
What did we find?  The news media have learned some important lessons... although there remains room for improvement. Here are some highlights of our <a href="http://newsinsite.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">study</a>:<br />
<br />
<ol><li><strong>"Terrorism" is abating - at least the practice of reflexively considering those who oppose American-style institutions as terrorists.</strong> Media are more careful about what they call 'terrorism.' Following 9/11, U.S. and U.K. media covered elections in the Muslim world as if they were cosmic battles between the forces of terrorism and those of democracy.  But for the March 7, 2010 election in Iraq, when media talked - or quoted others as talking - about terror, it was in specific reference to a particular act of terror, such as a suicide bombing.</li><br />
<br />
<li><strong>Who are the new global bad guys?  Fraud and corruption. </strong>The cases of financial fraud and corruption that have dominated media in the U.S. and U.K. have put corruption of all kinds around the world higher on the agenda.  In recent elections, coverage of corruption and fraud has been almost as extensive as coverage of security concerns.</li><br />
<br />
<li><strong>"Islam" is not always a four-letter word. </strong> When American and the British outlets focus on election violence, media can still be tempted to broadly characterize enemies - or even just political opponents - by pejoratively referencing religion.  So, for instance, while covering the election in Pakistan, media spoke about "radical Muslim clerics," "Islamic extremists," "Islamic radicals" and "Islamic fundamentalists" - all without clear indications of what those phrases meant in context or in relative terms.  But when the media focus on politics and policy, as during the 2010 election in Iraq and the 2009 election in Iran, media more clearly identified sectarian divisions and political parties.</li><br />
<br />
<li><strong>The term "Western" is still too casually used in opposition to "Islamic" or "Muslim."  </strong>Just as monolithic references to a group or a policy as "Muslim" or "Islamic" hides important distinctions, so too does use of the term "Western" obscure differences between the U.S. and the U.K., or the U.K. and other European countries, etc.</li><br />
<br />
<li><strong>U.S. media still too often cover international elections as if they were referenda on American policy</strong>, rather than about issues internal to those countries.</li><br />
<br />
<li><strong>Violence makes the news, but media have become blas&eacute; about suicide bombings.</strong>  Bombings are reported, but as a yardstick for assessing the security level of a country.  Are terrorists - the Taliban, al Qaeda - gaining ground? What does the level of violence mean for Pakistan, for instance ... and what are the implications for the United States?   The problem is that since the perpetrators of violent attacks - as well as the victims - are rarely clearly identified, an audience's understanding of the implications of and possible solutions to the violence is strictly limited.</li><br />
<br />
<li><strong>Coverage of elections remains "top-down."  Media pay too little attention to voters beyond talking about voting blocks or regional/tribal divisions. </strong> When talking about voters, media too often portray them as a faceless mob, manipulated by politicians and religious leaders.  Media too rarely portray the public as being independently responsive to policy decisions by authorities.</li><br />
<br />
<li><strong>Women:  Reports on their status continue to be used to evaluate a country's progress toward civil rights for citizens.  </strong>And reports on their victimization are still used to indict those who abuse them - whether those are husbands or the state.  But overall women in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran and Iraq received little coverage in the time periods of the elections - and significantly less than they did in the immediate aftermath of 9/11.</li><br />
<br />
<li><strong>With the exception of the 2009 election in Iran, U.S. and U.K. mainstream media have not tapped into social media for local opinions and eyewitness reports.  </strong> Iranians in the streets covered their own protests after the international press corps was booted out of the country.  But in other countries where foreign journalists have had access, there has been little effort to tap into YouTube postings, Tweets, Facebook, the blogosphere or other social media outlets to supplement and deepen coverage.</li></ol><br />
<br />
<br />
What's the takeaway from these <a href="http://newsinsite.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">highlights</a>?  That media can do better in covering politics.  They can do better in specific ways, and in ways that don't take more money, but that just take more attention to details.<br />
<br />
And what are the <a href="http://newsinsite.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">lessons</a> for us, the audience?  That we should ask for - and look for - more coverage not just on the horse race of politics, but on the forming and running of governments.  If we are putting billions of dollars into helping countries such as Iraq hold elections, then we the voters need to follow up on the progress of those elections. <br />
<br />
Why should we care about whether the Iraqis can form a government?  Well, remember that here we are, in the midst of our own midterm elections, already grousing about too much on the docket for the lame-duck session, and worrying that our sitting legislators are going to accomplish too little in that window of time.  But at least our Congress will be "sitting," and a president will be in the Oval Office. <br />
<br />
-------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<strong>FOR EXTRA CREDIT</strong>:  What's another world record that Iraq holds? This summer, the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) reported that ever since the US-led invasion of 2003, <a href="http://www.cpj.org/killed/mideast/iraq/ " target="_hplink">Iraq has been the most dangerous country in the world to be a journalist</a>. Iraq also holds <a href="http://cpj.org/reports/2010/04/cpj-2010-impunity-index-getting-away-with-murder.php" target="_hplink">the world record for journalists killed with impunity</a>; no one has ever been prosecuted for any of the 88 murders over the last 10 years.  <br />
<br />
]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Media Lit 101: Naomi Campbell, gifts of jewelry and how to help Africa</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/media-lit-101-naomi-campb_b_673493.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2010:/theblog//3.673493</id>
    <published>2010-08-06T12:50:10-04:00</published>
    <updated>2011-05-25T17:15:21-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Bling is once again in the news.  Blood diamonds, of course, and the stories are all the more sensational for featuring...]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[Bling is once again in the news.  Blood diamonds, of course, and the stories are all the more sensational for featuring a supermodel and one of the world's most heinous leaders.  <br />
<br />
It's hard to know how to understand what has been going through the mind of supermodel Naomi Campbell from listening to her testimony on the stand at the war crimes trial of former President Charles Taylor of Liberia.  <br />
<br />
On one hand Campbell admitted under some duress that in the middle of the night after a 1997 charity dinner in South Africa hosted by then President Nelson Mandela she had received a pouch of "dirty-looking stones" from two men at the door to her bedroom.  <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/video/2010/aug/05/naomi-campbell-liberia-war-crimes /" target="_hplink"> See video from her testimony here<br />
<left><img alt="2010-08-06-CampbellGuardianvideo.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2010-08-06-CampbellGuardianvideo.jpg" width="300" height="242" /></left></a><br />
<br />
And Campbell said on the stand yesterday that the morning after she was given the pouch of uncut diamonds, she passed them on to Jeremy Ratcliffe, the then-chief executive of the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund, to "do something good with."  (In a statement today, Ratcliffe confirmed that he had kept the three diamonds for the past 13 years, only turning them over to police on Thursday.)<br />
<br />
But any claim Campbell might have had to the high moral ground at the UN-backed Special Court for Sierra Leone was undermined when she complained that testifying was "a big inconvenience for me," and that anyway she had "never heard of" the country of Liberia at the time she met Charles Taylor and had no idea who he was.  <br />
<br />
Taylor, a notorious warlord and guerilla leader, is being charged by prosecutors with receiving illegally mined "blood diamonds" from Sierra Leone while he was president of Liberia in return for helping to send weapons to the Revolutionary United Front.  The RUF, the Sierra Leone rebel army, terrorized civilians during the civil war in that country--committing such atrocities as chopping off the arms, legs and noses of children and adults, and carving initials into people's bodies.<br />
<br />
Stories, such as Edward J. Epstein's 1982 piece in The Atlantic "<a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1982/02/have-you-ever-tried-to-sell-a-diamond/4575/7/" target="_hplink">Have you ever tried to sell a diamond?</a>" that is now re-circulating online and "<a href="http://www.amnestyusa.org/amnestynow/diamonds.html" target="_hplink">Blood Diamonds</a>" that appeared in 2001 in Amnesty International's magazine, have long exposed the brutality of the diamond trade. <br />
<br />
But for those who love fine jewelry there is good news.  There IS such a thing as "good" jewelry that comes out of Africa--or in other words, jewelry that does "good" for people. <center><img alt="2010-08-06-Mandelabangle.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2010-08-06-Mandelabangle.jpg" width="500" height="180" /> </center><br />
<br />
Consider one example from South Africa:  the <a href="http://thebangle.com/" target="_hplink">46664 Bangle initiative</a> that aims to counter the two most pressing socio-political problems of the country:  the HIV/AIDS crisis and the rampant unemployment that in some cities is over 70 percent.  (In visiting South Africa last month, I was told by senior officers at Rhodes University in Grahamstown, for instance, that unemployment in that city--home to arguably the best university in sub-Saharan Africa--is around 72-73 percent.)<br />
<br />
<img alt="2010-08-06-braceletsgoldsilver.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2010-08-06-braceletsgoldsilver.jpg" width="250" height="218" /> The 46664 initiative <a href="http://thebangle.com/buybangle.html" target="_hplink">sells copper, silver, gold and platinum bracelets</a>, all from metals mined in South Africa.  It is named after Nelson Mandela's Robben Island prison number:  46664; a number derived from the fact that he was the 466 prisoner detained on the island in 1964.  <br />
<br />
Sixty-eight percent of the proceeds from all the bracelet sales go to the 46664 charity, but the sales of the bangles, as they are called in Africa, is just one part of the initiative.  The other is putting people to work and teaching them skills.  The bangles are made in seven micro factories across the country  which have hired "106 people off the street," Robert Coutts, CEO of Coutts Inc., the company that manufactures the bangles for the charity told me.  <br />
<br />
<img alt="2010-08-06-Makingtheboxes.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2010-08-06-Makingtheboxes.jpg" width="300" height="200" />The skills that are being taught are not only metalworking, but the making of the boxes in which the bangles are sold.  Fifty formerly jobless mothers make the boxes by hand, at significant cost--about $5 US dollars per box rather than the 90 cents it would take to manufacture the boxes by machine in China.<br />
<br />
To forestall counterfeit bracelets being sold, each bangle is either stamped (the copper ones) or engraved (the silver, gold and platinum ones) with an individual serial number that allows buyers to authenticate and register their bangles online, as well as transfer ownership.  (I've registered my own silver bracelet online, and noted that to further prevent fraud one has to record not only the serial number but the place one purchased the bangle.  What's more, the registration won't go through if the serial number doesn't match the list of numbers recorded for that sales location.)<br />
<br />
On the stand at The Hague, Naomi Campbell appeared rather pathetic, ignorant of the worst of what has happened in Africa, and little interested in trying to establish the truth for the world to know.   <br />
<br />
Would that she were instead more like some of the out-spoken wearers of the 46664 bracelet--Angela Bassett, Alfre Woodard, Laurence Fishburne, Clint Eastwood, Oprah Winfrey, Will Smith, Bill Clinton, Elton John and Danny K--who recognize that objects, whether blood diamonds or charity bracelets, are aesthetically powerful communicators of history, knowledge, identity and values.       <br />
<br />
<br />
]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Media Literacy 101:  A Study to Help Moms Tell If Their College Student Loves Them</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/media-literacy-101-a-stud_b_545904.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2010:/theblog//3.545904</id>
    <published>2010-04-21T10:06:23-04:00</published>
    <updated>2011-05-25T16:15:25-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Want insight into your relationship with your son or daughter at college?  

Take a look at 24 Hours: Unplugged, a new study out...]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[Want insight into your relationship with your son or daughter at college?  <br />
<br />
Take a look at <a href="http://withoutmedia.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">24 Hours: Unplugged</a>, a new study out today about how 18-22 year olds use media.<br />
<br />
The research from the International Center for Media &amp; the Public Agenda (ICMPA) concludes that most college students need their Droids, Dell laptops and iPods in order to literally function in their university worlds.   It's true, students use media technologies to read their course texts online, consult with their professors via email and post their assignments on  class websites.<br />
<br />
But what the study also found is that digital media devices, platforms, applications and sites have changed how students relate to family and friends.  Students' lives are now wired together so tightly by texting, IM-ing and Facebook that opting out of that communication pattern would be tantamount to renouncing a social life. <br />
<br />
<table><tr><td style='font-size:11px;'><img alt="2010-04-21-wordle2for110k.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2010-04-21-wordle2for110k.jpg" width="550" height="250" /><br />
<br>This is a <a href="http://www.wordle.net/create" target="_hplink">Wordle</a> data visualization of the over 100,000 words the students in the study wrote about their experiences of going 24 hours without media. This Wordle cloud makes larger those words that appeared most frequently in the students' comments.<br />
</td></tr></table><br />
<br />
<br />
The <a href="http://withoutmedia.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">ICMPA study</a>, which I (full disclosure) led, asked 200 students at the University of Maryland, College Park to give up all media for 24 hours.  After their 24 hours of abstinence, the students were then asked to blog on their private class websites about their experiences: to report their successes and admit to any failures.  The 200 students wrote over 110,000 words: in aggregate, about the same number of words as a 400-page novel.<br />
<br />
What students spoke longest and loudest about, was how their lack of access to text messaging, phone calling, instant messaging, email and Facebook during their day-long hiatus meant that they couldn't connect with friends who lived close by, much less those far away. Going without media meant going without their friends and family.<br />
<br />
Quite a few students spoke about why instant access, 24/7 on-demand technology is so appealing: "The convenience of these tools is incomparable," said one student.  "I can make plans for Friday, Saturday, and Sunday within ten minutes worth of phone calls or texts. Without my phone, I'd have to be making plans months in advance through letters."<br />
<br />
But one of the real surprises of the study came not with the dozens of students who spoke about being able to find their friends for lunch in a packed dining hall by giving them a quick call, but those who spoke about wanting to physically avoid their friends.  They wanted to stay in close touch with their friends, but in virtual touch.<br />
<br />
Connecting through technology can be a desired end in itself, students in the study matter-of-factly noted. "I got back from class around 5, frantically craving some technology," noted a student. "5 hours short of my deadline, I decided that I would seriously go mad if I couldn't ... communicate without being in person." <br />
<br />
Technology is not just the expeditor for such decisions as which bar to meet at on Friday night, in other words, but is a way to feel connected, but not too close.  It's the adult equivalent of having two toddlers in the same room, who never do more than parallel play.  They can see each other, babble at each other, but not worry about having to accommodate the other's demands.  <br />
<br />
"Texting and IM-ing my friends gives me a constant feeling of comfort," wrote one student about her day away from all media. "When I did not have those two luxuries, I felt quite alone and secluded from my life. Although I go to a school with thousands of students, the fact that I was not able to communicate with anyone via technology was almost unbearable."<br />
<br />
So how does ICMPA's study illuminate college students' relationships with their parents?<br />
<br />
Well, there, actually, was some good news.  About twenty percent of the students in the study mentioned their moms (only about five percent mentioned their dads) - almost always to say how much they valued their communications with her:  "The person I felt most disconnected from was my mom," wrote one student about the day off from media.  "I talk to my mom on the phone everyday, usually multiple times."  Said another, "I usually talk to my mom every morning, so it felt as if I was going through withdrawal. I live about three hours away from Maryland, making me very used to talking to my parents several times a day."  "I hated that I couldn't wake up and call my mom as I usually do," wrote a third.<br />
<br />
As these three students suggest, the <a href="http://withoutmedia.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">ICMPA study</a> found that college students tend to phone home rather than text their parents--a finding similar to that of a Pew Research Center <a href="http://www.pewinternet.org/Reports/2010/Teens-and-Mobile-Phones.aspx" target="_hplink">study</a> out yesterday that noted that "voice calling is still the preferred mode for reaching parents for most teens."  <br />
<br />
Why do students call home?  Although a call is not a visit, it's usually a more sustained communication than a text message.  And while it may be that college students call home because they know parents aren't as text-savvy as they are, from what we heard in the <a href="http://withoutmedia.wordpress.com/" target="_hplink">ICMPA study</a>, students are calling home rather than texting because they simply want to hear mom's voice.  If you are getting phone calls from your son or daughter at college, take that as a good sign.  (Unless on every occasion you get asked for money.)<br />
<br />
"I did break the rules by answering the phone when my mother called," one student in our study wrote.  "I don't think it really means that I am attached to technology though; I think it just means that I like to keep in contact with my mother."<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Media Literacy 101:  Fast iPad and Slow Journalism (Lessons learned from Gaming)</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/media-literacy-101-fast-i_b_525146.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2010:/theblog//3.525146</id>
    <published>2010-04-05T09:08:24-04:00</published>
    <updated>2011-05-25T16:05:22-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[I used to live in Boston, and as anyone from Bahsten will tell you, the iPad is "wicked fast."  But what I'm...]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[I used to live in Boston, and as anyone from Bahsten will tell you, the iPad is "wicked fast."  But what I'm increasingly thinking about is how great the tablet will be for "slow journalism."<br />
<br />
By now most folks have heard of "<a href="http://www.slowfood.com/ " target="_hplink">slow food</a>":  the movement that launched in Italy after a protest against the opening of a McDonalds near the Spanish Steps in Rome. In the US, the slow food movement has come to mean fresh ingredients, locally and responsibly grown.  Mass-produced fast food, as the likes of Michael Pollan and Alice Waters have noted, is both inferior in quality and taste, as well as harmful to the environment.<br />
<br />
Slow journalism is the news analogue to slow food.  Slow journalism is about valuing content over speed.  Slow journalism is about identifying core issues and finding a way to give audiences information of lasting substance--it's not about posting the latest news clip on a 24/7 deadline to "feed the beast." Slow journalism is about news you can use... to make you a more informed citizen.  Slow journalism is activist journalism; it's journalism that tries to enlighten, and perhaps even empower its audience, often by asking that audience to become collaborators.<br />
<br />
<img alt="2010-04-05-iPadslowfood.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2010-04-05-iPadslowfood.jpg" width="500" height="410" /><br />
<br />
That brings us back to the iPad.  Its capabilities align neatly with this agenda.  <br />
<br />
If you are one of the hundreds of thousands who already own an iPad, check out what has been called "<a href="http://appadvice.com/appnn/2010/03/deluxe-ipad-app-elements-visual-exploration/ " target="_hplink">the most deluxe iPad app so far</a>": the app for <a href="http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/the-elements-a-visual-exploration/id364147847?mt=8 " target="_hplink"><em>The Elements: A Visual Exploration</em></a>.  Everyone else who doesn't yet own an iPad (are you waiting for the 3G version?), can preview the app on the publisher's site <a href="http://touchpress.com/ " target="_hplink">here</a>.  <br />
<br />
<em>The Elements</em> is rich in content, visually stunning, and designed in such a way that even if you prayed your way through high school chemistry you'll find yourself getting sucked into this spin-able, zoom-able, even 3D-able version of the Periodic Table.<br />
<br />
Essentially, because of the seductive experience of the iPad, you find yourself doing--learning--stuff that you never thought you'd bother with.  Going back and relearning basic chemistry, for example.<br />
<br />
Now imagine how newsrooms could use the iPad to inspire interest beyond the headlines.  <em>The LA Times</em> Pulitzer-Prize-winning <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-oceans-series,0,7783938.special" target="_hplink">Altered Oceans</a> series in 2006 on the pollution of the world's seas would have been even more compelling had there been an iPad to launch it on (although, ahem, the series was written with Flash). <br />
<br />
And consider <em>USA Today</em>'s <a href="http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/presidential-approval-tracker.htm" target="_hplink">presidential poll approval tracker</a> that looks at the approval ratings of every president since Gallup first ramped up in the 1940s--it marries the graphing of data over time, with pop-ups noting historical events, with the ability to compare two or more presidents at the same point in their terms in office. <a href="http://twitter.com/hatchjt" target="_hplink"> Joshua Hatch</a>, Interactives Director at <em>USA Today</em>, noted, "On any given day, it might get only a thousand or fewer page views. But over time, it really adds up. Over the lifetime of that graphic, which is now about a year old, it has been viewed nearly a quarter million times."  <br />
<br />
Doesn't that begin to sound like the business model for gaming?  Put an unbelievable amount of time and energy into creating the thing, and then (hope to) reap the profits over time.  Slow journalism--especially interactive slow journalism--could work like that.  (Ok, perhaps with a difference of a zero in the number of readers vs. number of gamers.)<br />
<br />
"One way to look at it is the difference between a 'page,' which is usually what a story is, and data and services, which is something that fulfills an ongoing need or interest," said Hatch.  "With the limited resources we have, I think we're usually better off when we invest in projects that have a long shelf life, rather than one-day stories. A story with shelf life has the opportunity to grow over time.  It's very much a tortoise and hare sort of thing."  <br />
<br />
A video and photo-heavy story like <em>Altered Oceans</em> or a interactive data visualization such as the poll tracker would make a great iPad app, or even just a great regular iPad web experience.  Yes, it would take a lot of resources. But when the iPad hits a critical mass of audience, the public will have come to expect more imagination from the providers of news and information.   As a result, iPad may give (at least some) news organizations an incentive to invest in the tortoise, to make the significant investment of reporting and programming time that interactive slow journalism takes.<br />
<br />
Ultimately, such stories could not only be cost-effective over the long term, they could build name recognition.  When a news outlet finances the reporting and posting of a breaking news story, not only is the value close to zero a scant news cycle later, but a great deal of its value for the outlet even in the current cycle is skimmed off when it appears in the relative anonymity of a news aggregator, such as Google or Yahoo.  Sure the originating news outlet appears in a byline, but there's hardly a strong brand identity to the snippet.  And how many folks read beyond the snippet?<br />
<br />
That equation will change with slow journalism iPad-ready stories.  A news aggregator or blog will be able to link to or talk about a interactive slow journalism story, but to experience the cool interactiveness of the story, one will have to go to the news site or news app and engage with it.  That will make it more likely a viewer will remember the information, and more likely the viewer will recall what news outlet actually reported the story.<br />
<br />
In an era when even McDonalds is offering several kinds of salads to change the long-term eating behavior of its obese consumers, the iPad may begin to justify investments that also only see their return over the longer term.   The iPad may begin to change the calculation of what kind of journalism is "worth" reporting and worth consuming:  fast-food-esque tabloid news or slow-food-type reporting and interactives.  <br />
<br />
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />
<ul><li>iPad photo illustration using image from <a href="http://www.genealogyintime.com/GenealogyResources/Wallpaper/Heritage_Farm_Series_1/images/harvest_basket_of_fruits_and_vegetables.jpg " target="_hplink">GenealogyInTime.com</a> </li></ul>]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Media Literacy 101:  The iPad... &amp; What the World Really Needs Now (Meaning &quot;Today&quot;)</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/media-literacy-101-the-ip_b_439373.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2010:/theblog//3.439373</id>
    <published>2010-01-27T18:24:05-05:00</published>
    <updated>2011-05-25T15:20:23-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Ok, hands-down, the hottest tech story of the day (month? year?) was Steve Jobs' iPad roll-out demonstration.  The traffic from...]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[Ok, hands-down, the hottest tech story of the day (month? year?) was Steve Jobs' iPad roll-out demonstration.  The traffic from all those in the tech world who couldn't get in to see the show in person practically shut down the seemingly zillion live blogs that were covering the rock-star-ish event.  (There was even a whiff of a rumor right before Jobs came out that maybe Bob Dylan was going to be part of the show.)<br />
<br />
Now the story is like that world clock that keeps track of the growth of the global population.  Blink and there are hundreds more sites and commentators that are dissecting every word and slide that Jobs and his co-presenters put up on the stage, some virtually pumping their fists in the air, and others pissing and moaning about all that the iPad doesn't appear to offer:  No Adobe Flash? Yikes! No multi-tasking? OMG!  No camera or video?  WTF?  <br />
<br />
But I tend to agree with David Pogue of <em>The New York Times</em> who said in his <a href="http://pogue.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/27/the-apple-ipad-first-impressions/" target="_hplink">blog</a>:  <br />
<br />
<blockquote>"My main message to you, fanboys, is this: it's too early to draw any conclusions. Apple hasn't given the thing to any reviewers yet, there are no iPad-only apps yet (there will be), the e-bookstore hasn't gone online yet, and so on.... It may change an industry or two, or it may not. It may introduce a new category--something between phone and laptop--or it may not. And anyone who claims to know what will happen will wind up looking like a fool."</blockquote><br />
<br />
So here's what I want to say.  <br />
<br />
Wait for the iPad to come out--or at least for the key reviewers to get their hands on one--and in the meantime consider and get the word out on an unheralded tech story that also broke today.  (Well, very very late last night.  The news landed in my inbox at 11:41 pm.)<br />
<br />
Nicholas Negroponte, MIT professor and co-founder and director of the MIT Media Laboratory, sent an email out to tens of thousands <a href="http://laptop.org/en/" target="_hplink">recalling</a> his famed XO laptop.  But this is not another Toyota accelerator story--Negroponte is recalling the XO laptops that Americans purchased back in 2007 as part of the Give One Get One project of the One Laptop per Child (OLPC) program so those computers can be put to a new use.   <br />
<br />
For a brief time a little over two years ago, every American who purchased an XO laptop to donate to an international recipient, received another one for his or her own use.  As a result of the Give One Get One project, according to Negroponte, "75,000 laptops went to Rwanda, Ethiopia, Mongolia, Cambodia, Oceania, the West Bank, and Haiti."<br />
<br />
Today, Negroponte is asking those Americans to donate those computers (that can also be used as eReaders) back to OLPC--so they can be sent on to Haiti.  Here's why, as Negroponte said in his email:  <br />
<br />
<blockquote>"75% of the schools in Port-au-Prince have been destroyed in the recent earthquake, but by good fortune, none of our Haitian team was hurt. They have spare parts and OLPC technical staff and teachers, and stand prepared to deploy these XOs. Because of the XO's unique features (sunlight readability, solar powered, water resistant, drop proof), it is also an ideal tool for relief work." </blockquote><br />
<br />
How cool is that?<br />
<br />
Maybe, just maybe, those of you who can't resist weighing in on the game-changing potential of the iPad should consider what other features the Apple designers should have built into the new tablet:  like maybe features that kids in developing countries need, such as mesh-networking, and a cheap and long-lasting battery that can be charged by a $12 solar panel (the XO battery itself costs $10 to replace and is good for 2,000 charges).  <br />
<br />
So what do you think?  What does the world really need?  More commentary on the iPad, or more attention to how to use cutting-edge technology to make the world a safer place?<br />
<br />
(See David Pogue's <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/04/technology/circuits/04pogue.html?_r=1 " target="_hplink">original article and video</a> on all the features of the OLPC.)  <br />
<br />
<br />
<strong>Sidebar</strong>:  <em>Engadget</em>'s <a href="http://i.engadget.com/2010/01/27/live-from-the-apple-tablet-latest-creation-event/ " target="_hplink">Joshua Topolsky</a> won my vote for best blogger of the Apple event--not just solid--and grammatical--summaries of what Jobs and the rest were saying, but crisp photos of the stage and the critical slides up behind them.  All at a rate of multiple posts a minute, with only a few snarky comments along the way.)<br />
]]></content>
</entry>

<entry>
    <title>Media Literacy 101: The Doritos Challenge</title>
    <link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/media-literacy-101-the-do_b_350293.html"/>
    <id>tag:www.huffingtonpost.com,2009:/theblog//3.350293</id>
    <published>2009-11-09T01:13:37-05:00</published>
    <updated>2011-05-25T14:35:20-04:00</updated>
    <summary><![CDATA[Today's digital-media-enabled contests, perhaps even the most familiar reality-TV, American Idol-type kind, are popular because they promise a rags-to-riches success for at least one contestant. ]]></summary>
    <author>
        <name>Susan Moeller</name>
        <uri>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/</uri>
    </author>
    <content type="html" xml:lang="en" xml:base="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-moeller/"><![CDATA[Today's your last chance to win a million bucks. The clock is ticking.  <br />
<br />
Don't throw your money away on a lottery ticket.  Instead just <a href="http://www.crashthesuperbowl.com/#/contestinfo ">write, shoot and submit</a> a Super Bowl XLIV commercial for <em>Doritos</em> by midnight central time today (Monday, November 9th.) <br />
<br />
If you make it as one of the six finalists, you'll win $25,000.  If you are voted into the top 3, your ad will air during the Super Bowl.  And if your ad makes it to first place on the USA Today Ad Meter, you'll win the cool million. <br />
<br />
Oh, but you're not a Madison Avenue wannabe?<br />
<a href="http://www.gotspot.com/va.do?m=vcad&amp;fc=true&amp;cId=229&amp;aid=2021&amp;pn=3"><br />
<img alt="2009-11-09-Waldenvideoonlinecrop.jpg" src="http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2009-11-09-Waldenvideoonlinecrop.jpg" width="421" height="351" /></a><blockquote><strong>The Faces of Hunger in America</strong> film contest:  Voting is going on now.  <em>Full disclosure:</em>  my 15-year-old son has entered an animated film.  Check out his and the other entries <a href="http://www.gotspot.com/va.do?m=vcad&amp;fc=true&amp;cId=229&amp;aid=2021&amp;pn=3 ">here</a>. </blockquote><br />
<br />
Well, perhaps you want to become a WashPo pundit?  <br />
<br />
Around 4,800 people wrote a short opinion piece to enter that <a href="http://views.washingtonpost.com/pundits/2009/10/about/all.html ">contest</a>--it closed for entries on October 21.  Two days before Thanksgiving, the final ten will have been whittled down to the winner.  The prize?  The glory of having a weekly <em>Washington Post </em>column for 13 weeks (at $200 per column for a grand total of $2600).<br />
<br />
What's with all the contests?  We think of the Web 2.0 world as enabling multi-directional conversations and collaborative interactivity.  (Think of your wall on <a href="http://www.facebook.com/help.php?page=820">Facebook</a>.)  But as media scholar Henry Jenkins has noted, global 2.0 culture increasingly values not just dynamic social networking, but innovation and collaborative knowledge-building.  In other words, the Web 2.0 is an environment just right to host contests that are more than beauty pageants. "<a href="http://books.google.com/books?id=RlRVNikT06YC&amp;dq=jenkins+convergence+culture&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=bn&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=faL3SubSEsPM8QaP_4zzCQ&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=4&amp;ved=0CBgQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&amp;q=&amp;f=false ">Industry leaders</a>," Jenkins has written, acknowledge "<a href="http://books.google.com/books?id=RlRVNikT06YC&amp;dq=jenkins+convergence+culture&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=bn&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=faL3SubSEsPM8QaP_4zzCQ&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=4&amp;ved=0CBgQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&amp;q=&amp;f=false ">the importance of the role that ordinary consumers can play not just in accepting convergence, but actually in <em>driving</em> the process.</a>"  <br />
<br />
That's what the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation has banked on with its <a href="http://www.newschallenge.org/ ">News Challenge</a>. There's still time to submit your entrepreneurial web idea to that one.  If you want to change your community for the better, consider entering your idea for how to give people access to the news and information they need.  The Knight Foundation will be giving as much as $5 million dollars to underwrite the best ideas that are submitted. "Since good new ideas can come from anyone, the Knight News Challenge just makes sense,"  said Eric Newton, vice president of Knight's journalism program.  And "that's why there are at least two dozen other media innovation contests."<br />
<br />
"It's so easy now to have a contest," agrees <a href="http://www.lesliewalker.com/">Leslie Walker</a>, the Knight Visiting Professor in Digital Innovation at the University of Maryland.  "In the old days, a contest was limited by the single bandwidth of the contest creator"--which usually meant print notices and lots of posters. "Now that bandwidth is augmented by websites and blogs that link and virally pass on word of an online contest."<br />
<br />
Today's digital-media-enabled contests, perhaps even the most familiar reality-TV, American Idol-type kind, are popular because they promise a rags-to-riches success for at least one contestant--and a riveting drama for those watching.  "Contests have become an important part of participatory media culture," admits Walker.  But the value of Web 2.0 contests is "not only for the 10 percent of an audience that actually enters them" hoping for some monetary or other kind of reward, she notes.  All of the rest of us are beneficiaries of the ideas and innovations that the contests encourage.  Different voices are heard than otherwise would be, blue-sky ideas are floated, business models are invented.  <br />
<br />
Contests are the pop-culture equivalent of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Crowdsourcing_process2.jpg ">crowdsourcing</a>.  Contests are cheap and quick, yet they manage labor-intensive challenges:  they do our talent searching and our R&amp;D.  They mash-up new technologies and broadcast ideals of social justice.  They provide feedback and build ownership.   <br />
<br />
Take one last example:  hunger in America.  There's no shortcut way to manage the grassroots food pantries and other on-the-ground projects that actually get food into people's hands.  But there are more efficient ways of getting the word out that hunger is a problem in the United States.  Create a <a href="http://www.gotspot.com/c.do?m=vc&amp;cId=229">film contest</a>.  Publicize it.  Get contestants.  Then, once all the entries are in, convince someone like me  to help publicize the videos.  And then as people come to your site, watch your message repeat in places that you couldn't buy your way into--at least without more resources than you have.  That's the beauty of a contest.  A contest not only encourages entries, it provides entr&eacute;e to engagement.<br />
<br />
--- <br />
<br />
ps 1:  Okay, so you didn't enter the <em>Washington Post </em>contest and you don't have time to get your <em>Doritos</em> ad together?  But you want to be a player in at least one Web 2.0 contest?  Well, you could always enter the weekly write-a-caption-to-a-<em>New Yorker</em> cartoon <a href="http://www.newyorker.com/humor/caption">contest</a>.  The winning caption writer gets a signed print of the cartoon. <br />
<br />
ps. 2:  You want to learn a bit more about crowdsourcing?  Take a look <a href="http://civic.mit.edu/blog/get-ready-to-participate-crowdsourcing-and-governance ">here</a> at an article written (and widely reprinted) by Daren C. Brabham.<br />
<br />
]]></content>
</entry>
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