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Nurture vs. Nature: Which Determines Our Personality More?

Posted: 09/02/10 10:00 AM ET

My 15-month-old son Mr. F has taken to touching kids' hair as a way of saying hello. Often these soft caresses morph into rough grabs, and then there I am, pulling my well-intentioned and slightly confused son off, apologizing like mad to the other kid's parent. Some say, "Don't apologize--it's not your fault."

But it's hard not to feel like he's a reflection of me, and so I make excuses for his irrational baby behavior--the clinginess ("usually he loves exploring, but...") and temper tantrums ("teething has him all agro")--as if I'm the one responsible for it.

See, for years I taught middle school, and from my perch in the classroom I thought that nurture trumped nature, that with the right guidance and support any child's personality could be shaped and molded. I would hear things like, "But Mr. Gresko, she's never enjoyed reading," and I'd tell those disgruntled parents if life gives you lemons, make lemonade--heap on the encouragement and try harder! Sure, the child him or herself was the most important factor in the transformation, but the teacher and parents were not powerless.

Now, as a parent, I'm not so sure how much agency I actually have. Mr. F's come out with a personality that's all his own, of which I've had no active part in creating.

I am actually a good case study in this regard, having been brought up by a man who is not my biological father. Upon meeting the man I call Dad, friends notice how alike we are--our sparkly eyes, our social liveliness, our funny stories. My dad and I share mannerisms and idioms. People often ask if I'm Italian, and culturally he raised me as such, though genetically there's nada. This makes sense, given the role my dad played in nurturing me as I grew.

Once my son was born, I wondered about nature, that big question mark of my genetic makeup. So I tracked down my biological father, and we sat down together for the first time a couple of weeks ago.

The night before, my jittery Bio-dad called to check in with me. "You shining your shoes?" he asked. "Getting ready for the big event?"

Shining my shoes, no. But I had picked out a fun shirt to wear, a linen button-up with a vibrant, yellow pattern. I wore it with the top three buttons undone, "Miami Vice" style. Bio-dad also turned up wearing a yellow button-up, similarly open at the collar. Besides both loving to showcase our thick mat of chest hair, we share the same laugh, as well as a penchant for cracking dirty jokes at inappropriate times, especially when nervous. He let off a constant run of zingers when we first sat down together.

As we shared details about our lives, he said, "You're independent, like me," and it's true, I am.

Though maybe not quite as wild. I've only kidded about being a teenage father, while this guy was one. Still, I recognized parts of him in me.

Exactly how much of my personality comes from genetics and how much from environment is something I'll never know, but obviously some comes from each direction and they've blended into something unique. Bio-dad's overindulgence in food, drink and life in general have perhaps (hopefully) been tempered by my dad's healthier habits and more disciplined willpower. Though perhaps I have Bio-dad's adventurous streak to blame for my frequent career changes and reevaluations, something my more stable Dad doesn't always understand.

The question then becomes, what amount of power do I have to affect change in my son's personality?

Now, when he's not yet verbal and often operates from a primal, emotional state, it doesn't feel like I can do much except be patient. And stop apologizing for him. Because while I may not accept his behavior, what's coming out in this early stage is not a reflection of me in any way I can control. Mr. F represents me on a genetic level, not the conscious me I chose him to be.

Once again I find that parenting is about ceding control. Control over whether or not I can always keep this little guy safe, or affect behavior that might just be hardwired. Some of that crazy aunt or neurotic in-law might have made their way into Mr. F. All I can do is love him for his quirks, and hope that, with enough love and positive encouragement, everything will turn out alright.

 

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10:00 PM on 09/04/2010
This article really didn't say anything.
Having your own personality, or having certain likes and dislikes with somebody you are related even if you didn't know them until you were well into adulthood means nothing in nature vs nurture.
Plain and simply there are just some really evil people that will be no matter who or what raises them. There will be really good people no matter who or what raises them.
The majority that are in between can be taught (nurture) to not change their personality but to adapt their behavior in spite of their personality.
Somebody has to be taught certain behaviors are "normal" or "not normal".
07:16 PM on 09/04/2010
Actually the baby who pulls hair when first patting softly, is being a baby. socializing and controls come in at different age levels and this one seems just about right. Having to grab your kid away and make excuses for him is not fair to the little guy. Are you going to be a hovering parent at the playground too. Even small children get the idea when allowed to interact with another child. Separating and just pulling him away from the other child is really okay. Or if the other parent is hysterical she can remove HER child. Don't be apologizing for yours. He IS a baby afterall...he will learn and conflict management comes from self/peer learning, not from parents controlling. Now nature vs nurture. I think there is alot to the gene pool combo...then with luck nurturing brings out the best of the child. But all kids have a learning curve while growing up. You have to give your best and then let the child work it out in some instances.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Greg Sureck
06:39 PM on 09/03/2010
Oh so you finally settled that
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
oxygen
love is like oxygen
12:38 PM on 09/03/2010
I thought it was nature via nurture
11:52 AM on 09/03/2010
The Big 5 Personality Traits

* Openness – (inventive / curious vs. consistent / cautious). Appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas, curiosity, and variety of experience.

* Conscientiousness – (efficient / organized vs. easy-going / careless). A tendency to show self-discipline, act dutifully, and aim for achievement; planned rather than spontaneous behavior.

* Extraversion – (outgoing / energetic vs. shy / reserved). Energy, positive emotions, surgency, and the tendency to seek stimulation in the company of others.

* Agreeableness – (friendly / compassionate vs. competitive / outspoken). A tendency to be compassionate and cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic towards others.

* Neuroticism – (sensitive / nervous vs. secure / confident). A tendency to experience unpleasant emotions easily, such as anger, anxiety, depression, or vulnerability.

I can't decide. Seems like in some people a trait may be more nature, in others more nurture. Probably differs between individuals. Some people might have more "persistent" genes while others are more susceptible to nurture.
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StephenJK
All your consciousness are belong to us
08:21 AM on 09/03/2010
Genes, I think, account for the lion's share of who we are. However, I believe, nurture plays an important role in who we end up being. Beyond our parents nurturing, I think how we nurture ourselves in adulthood matters the most.
11:41 PM on 09/02/2010
Studies show that personality is roughly 50% genes, 50% environment. These studies will vary depending on how they're conducted and what definition of personality is used.
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Militant Leftist
American seditionist
09:35 PM on 09/02/2010
It is easy to recognize that both (nature, nurture) play a part in the development of a child. Due to the fact that children learn what they live and what is presented to them via the role modeling of their parents, I am inclined to believe nurturing is of a greater influence.
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booki
07:40 PM on 09/02/2010
difficult question?
i compare myself to my sister, we are night and day.
we had the same loving mother and father.
it was not perfect.
i have never blamed my parents for one bad thing in my life.
and my sister, who was given everything ...blames my parents for everything
(and she is a therapist)
.
09:02 AM on 09/03/2010
My story sounds a lot like yours. We had two girls and two boys in my family. One sister and one brother were all about themselves and "takers". My youngest brother and I were the complete opposite.
07:18 PM on 09/04/2010
And she is a therapist is all you had to say!!!!
05:46 PM on 09/02/2010
Children are "human automobiles" and come from the factory "as is." Some are Porches, meant for athleticism, some are mini vans, made for the long haul. That's nature. Of course, you can trick-out even a mini-van with bells and whistles....that's nurture. Nonetheless, having a child is a crap shoot. You never know if you'll get a Mercedes or a lemon, you just have to love them all the same.
07:18 PM on 09/04/2010
and be a very good role model.
05:21 PM on 09/02/2010
Personality is made up of two components: Temperament and Character. Temperament is primarily determined by your genes, in other words, its what your born with. (Nature)

Character, on the other hand, are the aspects of your personality that are influenced by others, your experiences, your environment, your interactions, your relationships, and your circumstances. (Nurture)

How much is nature, and how much is nurture? Most experts agree its generally about a 70/30 split. However, I have seen a few studies that put it at 60/40.
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2sunny
Sing....when shadows fall...
10:57 AM on 09/02/2010
Speaking from forty-three years of motherhood experience, your Mr F is one lucky little guy. You care - and your there.
Someone was there when we were little tots.......nurturing, feeding, and baths. It's a lovely go-a-round. I can easily say, "my most accomplished" with the most satisfaction. Teach him well. regards, 2sunny