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Christopher Cocca

Christopher Cocca

Posted: March 19, 2010 03:18 PM

Before becoming the critically acclaimed force behind some of the greatest indie music of the last decade, Sufjan Stevens, aspiring writer, graduated from the same Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writing program I began last fall. Stevens may have written songs like "A Good Man is Hard to Find" and "In The Devil's Territory" (references to Flannery O'Connor's oeuvre) with or without a graduate degree in fiction, but when I realized that he also has a deep track named for Saul Bellow, another luminary from my first literature seminar's syllabus, I wondered if we didn't have this class in common. With O'Connor, the famously Catholic Christian writing from a sea of southern evangelicalism and Bellow, a harder-to-define transcendentalist by way of immigrant Judaism, Stevens shares an uncanny ability to create the kind of art that, at its best, forces us to look up and within.

It's possible to encounter O'Connnor's stories (you never really just read them) without explicitly discerning her deep, abiding belief in literary art as Christian vocation or her mission to show, as she said, "the action of grace in territory held largely by the devil." Clear as day about these motives in her essays and letters, she's almost never so obvious in her fiction. Perhaps because she uses the evangelical cosmologies of her neighbors as Tolkienesque proxies for her own traditional Catholic systems, it's easy to infer a sort of distance between O'Connor's art and faith where she in fact saw none. In the same way, it's possible to listen to Stevens' biggest hit, "Chicago", without immediately sensing the plaintive Christian hymn at its core, but "Casimir Pulaski Day", "Oh God Where Are You Now?", "The Lord God Bird", "To Be Alone With You", "God'll Ne'er Let You Down"... well, these and others comprise a body of work that, like O'Connor's, raises and answers questions about what makes art "Christian." Like O'Connor, Stevens operates outside of expectation: his confessional work is among his best, but you'd never call him a Christian artist the way, say, Amy Grant is a Christian artist.

A few weeks before I followed Stevens to aspiring-writer school, I had a conversation about all of this with some people who'd come to see a mutual friend play an open mic night at a local coffee house. When I got there, a group of teenagers were doing old, obscure Christian indie covers, primeval Sufjan, maybe with irony but certainly with gusto. "Is this, like, the new punk?" one of us wondered. "It's just ... indie," a friend of my friend said. "Indie defies categorization. It's just indie. You know, independent? Not mainstream. Is this Christian? I don't know. Everyone listens to it. It's just good music. It's just good art."

The thing about good art seems to be that sometimes it finds an audience. O'Connor's fiction isn't Christian the way Jerry Jenkins' is. Stevens is not a praise band leader. Flannery and Sufjan resonate in larger circles, yes, but their work, like Tolkien's, casts wide nets of longing, questioning, devotion, anxiety, suffering, redemption, and grace. In this sense it could be no more Christian. In this sense it's more Christian than much of what you might find in Christian bookstores and Christian music aisles. Even though O'Connor believed in her Church with utmost conviction, good art ask the kinds of questions religious structures try and finally fail to answer. The balance of her work is no exception. Stevens wrestles with the glory of a Lord who he says took our place on the cross but who also seems to take our shoulders, shake our face, take and take and take. The depravity of O'Connor's characters, the tensions Stevens finds ways to name and grapple with in lo-fi indie beauty, these elements are more biblical, more in the spirit of the oracles and psalm poetics of the scriptures than your typical Christian book or album.

Perhaps, even for Christians, questions like "is this art Christian?" are finally not the point. Saul Bellow was capable of conjuring sublime, leveling visions from expository scenes about rickshaw rides and cutting to the core of religious anxiety in an increasingly pluralistic America. Leonard Cohen uses images of piety and longing more viscerally than anyone. Perhaps for Christians the questions ought to be: does this song make us stop? Does this book make us think? Does this art feel like the suffering we know and the hope we hope for anyway? Is this art big enough to suggest the great vast God we call an Artist? Does it inspire us to a live a better art, to live before our God more artfully? Is the art we produce Christian in the only sense that matters?

Are we?

 

Follow Christopher Cocca on Twitter: www.twitter.com/ccocca

Before becoming the critically acclaimed force behind some of the greatest indie music of the last decade, Sufjan Stevens, aspiring writer, graduated from the same Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writ...
Before becoming the critically acclaimed force behind some of the greatest indie music of the last decade, Sufjan Stevens, aspiring writer, graduated from the same Master of Fine Arts in Creative Writ...
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
MountPanic
10:51 PM on 03/22/2010
Okay, here's the deal with "Christian" art.

Some of it is created with an agenda by people who don't respect or understand creativity, talent or humanity -- in other words; ART. True inspiration is scarily close to spirituality -- which some of you will recognize as closely related things, but for those who hold a strict adherence to black-and-white religious LAW can't process and don't trust. As a result, the "art" they make is unimaginative, bland, formulaic, uninspired and uninspirING. This is what we've come to think of in relation to "Christian art" which is sadly comes from the group we've allowed to steal the name of Christianity in general.

But from those who are capable of feeling music move within them, as well as feeling the spirit move, we have some truly inspiring gospel music, we have Marvin Gaye's What's Going On, we have U2 -- and though not Christian, much of Bob Marley's oeuvre is very blatantly religious (or more precisely, spiritual), though I've never heard a single atheist gripe about THAT. Once you recognize the SPIRITUALITY in music, rather than the RELIGIOSITY, you start seeing some great works that reach out to "God," by whatever name.
08:30 PM on 03/22/2010
What's really interesting is that some of the best Christian art was made by non-believers. Ralph Vaughan Williams was an atheist, but he made beautiful music in a sacred format. And the best (by far) version of the Jesus story on film is The Gospel According To St. Matthew by Pier Paolo Pasolini, a radical Marxist.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Tulka2
Solidarity. Courage. Humor.
11:17 PM on 03/20/2010
I could make an argument that the movie The Godfather is deeply Catholic and struggles with Christian ideals all the way through. Can you see that?
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Christopher Cocca
Director of Mission, First Presbyterian Church of
11:35 PM on 03/20/2010
I think Coppola is very intentional about the way he uses religious symbolism in the Godfather movies -- there are many parallels. The juxtapositions of the religious celebrations (the baptism, for example, in Part I, or the parade in Part II) with the hits...Fredo saying the Hail Mary out on the lake...there are many. But even without those, yes, I think Michael's struggle in particular is this story of navigating the realities of evil. Certainly in Flannery's territory, as it were.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Tulka2
Solidarity. Courage. Humor.
11:41 PM on 03/20/2010
I should have known. The boys can always quote the Godfather movies. lol. I think Coppola has as much or more influence on the culture as Flannery O'Conner.
05:05 PM on 03/20/2010
Flannery O'Connors work is galvanizing in it's horror at humanity. Sufian Stevens work is nice but I fail to see congruence or a movement in the two. If it wasn't Sufian, you'd be insisting that some other artist that allows you to feel hip is the new hero.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Christopher Cocca
Director of Mission, First Presbyterian Church of
05:42 PM on 03/20/2010
Stevens is clearly influenced by O'Connor. Like O'Connor, his work is Christian in a wider sense and is enjoyed by people who aren't Christian...is critically acclaimed outside of narrow "Christian" circles.

As far as listening to or writing about Sufjan Stevens because I want to feel hip, well, that's a little ad hominem, don't you think?
06:30 PM on 03/20/2010
Sorry, each new generation of 20 year olds, who imagine they've discovered hipness and assume their favorite bands have momentous import, drive me insane. Self involvement and self-admiration are a stumbling point at that age.

I admire Flannery O'Connor for her ability to freeze the readers blood. 'Good Country People' metes out a nasty fate to its insufferable one-legged heroine. And if you're not horrifed as 'A good Man is Hard to Find' marches towards that shocking conclusion (and the grandmother gets hers) you're not alive. I cannot find any such bitter, horrifying qualities in Sufian Stevens sometimes ravishing compositons. I haven't made it all the way through 'Everything that Rises Must Converge' yet. Started it a decade ago.
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bridgeman
Jesus was a Jazz fan
04:20 PM on 03/20/2010
Great Post!
Speaking of Christian art...check out this environmental art piece
from a music/arts pastor in Atlanta.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0wIYiZr3kBk
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
mistercoyote
but if I agreed with you we'd both be wrong
01:32 PM on 03/20/2010
Every great work of "Christian" art, literature, thought, music
was provably the work of a man or a woman--a HUMAN in other words.

Give credit where credit is due. Make mankind your god and the world will be a better place.
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HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
Weirdwriter
04:18 PM on 03/20/2010
"Mankind" does not need to be exhorted to worship itself. We suffer the results every day.

Live honorably, create your art with all your passion -- give your thanks to God for your ability or to yourself as you choose.

But try to stay on topic.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
12:32 PM on 03/20/2010
Here's a tip on how to spot Christian art. Listen to a song, read a book or view a painting that references Jesus in an obvious way. If it's so bad that you've feel like you're doing penance just trying to appreciate it, congratulations, you are one step closer to heaven.
11:07 AM on 03/21/2010
Just keep telling yourself that.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iuy7-c38Z6M
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
LatteLiberals
10:03 AM on 03/20/2010
Christians don't realize they are worshiping the Egyptian sun-god Horace. The title of this article should be "Christian Art is Still Pagan."
06:31 PM on 03/20/2010
Or at least Roman mythology's 'Apollo.'
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Christopher Cocca
Director of Mission, First Presbyterian Church of
07:22 PM on 03/20/2010
You might also say Mithra, Thor, or, to extend the 'hero's journey' to more recent archetypes, Gandalf. But that's not really what I mean to get at here. That's a whole other discussion, perhaps one we'll have.
10:28 PM on 03/20/2010
Horace was a Roman poet. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horace

Horus was the Egyptian god, the sun being just one of his areas. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horus
05:38 AM on 03/20/2010
there is nothing on earth as tasteless and obnoxious than so called christian music.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Bonaboman
11:28 AM on 03/20/2010
That Mexican accordion music trumps all.
12:59 PM on 03/20/2010
Apparently you've never heard Mahalia Jackson. Or "Oh Happy Day" by the Edwin Hawkins Singers.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Cinnamonape
01:09 AM on 03/20/2010
I have a friend whose music is constantly labelled by critics as Christian, and he is entirely puzzled by it. He says he puts all sorts of references in his songs...Buddha, Jesus, the Mayan Calendar, Devander Banhardt, Ley Lines, Helen Mirren, Paul McCartney and George Harrison. There's a lot about love, charity, friendship and healing. As well as murder, ponies, automobile accidents and cats named "Pig"

He thinks that his lyrics spark what the listener wants to hear in them like a big Rorshach blot. And if the listener desires a Christian message they get that and the rest tumbles by as backdrop.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
PlayTOE
Morals evolved due to cooperative group living
11:36 PM on 03/19/2010
And here I thought "Christian" music was when it was such hideous noise that only devotees doing penance could be conned into listening to it ...

ma ~ " hey we'zz gonna spend eternity listening to a harp 'n hymn concert! "
pa ~ " ah wonder iffin ah kin sneak out during first inter-missin'. "
01:00 PM on 03/20/2010
Bach, Handel, Mahalia Jackson, Duke Ellington, Olivier Messaien....
What a bunch of nobodies...
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HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
Weirdwriter
04:21 PM on 03/20/2010
Yeah, nobody cares for all that stuff -- so, you know, beautiful and all that old-fashioned stuff....
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
PlayTOE
Morals evolved due to cooperative group living
07:13 PM on 03/20/2010
The odd time someone with actual artistic talent will write or perform some religious piece ...

But mostly, the items labeled "christian" are ill considered choices of outrageous hideousness.
09:49 PM on 03/19/2010
What makes art "xtian"?

Well in the case of beloved xtian "artist" Thomas Kincaide, it has to suhc.
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JoeMentia
They hate us for our Free Dumb!
12:48 AM on 03/20/2010
co-signed
01:01 PM on 03/20/2010
Kandinsky, Chagall (Jewish but intrigued by Christian imagery) Leonardo Da Vinci, Michaelangelo...
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eileenflemingWAWA
http://www.wearewideawake.org/
08:33 PM on 03/19/2010
“There are two Christianities in our midst. One Christianity recognizes the original blessing that all beings derive from. We recognize awe, not sin, not guilt, as the starting point of true religion. We recognize a divinity who is source of all things and is as much mother as father, as much female as male. We honor creation and diversity. When God created everything, He pronounced it all good. We are here to make love to life. Yes, we are here to make love to life.

“Delight in creation and take your dreams into our politics and institutions...move from domination to partnership, and begin by educating our young in awe and wonder, not how to take tests. Awe leads to reverence, which leads to gratitude, which will reinvent our species. This is the task of our generation: to regain awe. The three R’s need to be balanced by the ten C’s: contemplation, creativity, chaos, compassion, courage, critical consciousness, community, celebration, ceremony, and character...

http://wearewideawake.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1424&Itemid=224
01:42 AM on 03/20/2010
How is this Christian?
10:31 PM on 03/20/2010
If you were a Christian, you would already know.
07:51 PM on 03/19/2010
Great article! Sufjan Stevens is brilliant.