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Christopher Lane

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Losing Our Religion: Doubt By Numbers

Posted: 07/05/2012 7:30 am

When the Pew Research Center polled young Americans in April about the strength of their religious beliefs, as Huff Post and other media reported last week, 31 percent of respondents (almost one in three) under the age of 30 acknowledged harboring doubts about the existence of God.

That's double the number from 2007, when the Center conducted a similar poll. As CNN put it, "more young people are expressing doubts about God now than at any time since Pew started asking the question a decade ago."

As a freethinker and secular humanist, I found these numbers cheering and broadly in alignment with the dramatic growth of so-called "nones" -- Americans who say they have no religious affiliation -- whose numbers, according to Time Magazine, "have more than doubled since 1990; major surveys put them at 16% of the population."

Even so, the latest Pew poll includes other data pointing to a country sharply divided over matters of religious belief, especially regarding doubt and certainty. When asked to assess the statement "I never doubt the existence of God," for instance, 63 percent of those under 30 claimed they were in "complete agreement" and a further 17 percent said they were "mostly" so. So although CNN could still calculate that, among younger Americans, the new numbers expressing religious certainty represent a 15-point drop in five years, a dramatic decline by any measure, 63 percent of the same pool of respondents were still reporting that they had never doubted the existence of God. Perhaps less surprising, though still notable: among Americans aged 65 and older, the numbers acknowledging doubt dropped even more sharply, to just 9 percent. Additionally, 76 percent of all respondents said prayer was an important part of their lives and agreed with this statement: "We all will be called before God at the Judgment Day to answer for our sins."

In 2009, when Fox reported similar data about the rise of the "nones" and the trend away from religious affiliation, it published a panicky op-ed bearing the title, "Where Have All the Christians Gone?" "Christianity is plummeting in America," the author Bruce Feiler warned,

while the number of non-believers is skyrocketing ... The number of Christians has declined 20 percent since 1990, and is now 76 percent, the lowest percentage in American history. The growth of non-believers has come largely from men. 20 percent of men express no religious affiliation; 12% of women. Young people are fleeing faith. Nearly a quarter of Americans in their 20's profess no organized religion.

Feiler claimed that such data highlight a "rise of disaffection" among Americans rather than, say, their enlightenment, a revealing bias, but with the number of Christians in America standing at 76 percent in 2009, even after a 20 percent decline, one grasps how religious the country was in the 1990s and arguably how devout it remains.

Even with the rise of the "nones" and doubting millenials, however, one can point to notable trends (as this significant graph does), yet still not make hard-and-fast predictions about the consequences of such doubt. Not all doubt leads to atheism; some may end up sharpening religious belief, just as de-conversions don't go in one direction only. After Britain's "agnostic" 1880s, for example, when arguments about religious doubt for the first time generated a national debate about the role and effect of religion in public life, the 1890s saw a brief religious revival, even if it did little to alter the country's longer-term embrace of secularism over the 20th century.

Still, those of us committed to rigorous inquiry must welcome the doubts that younger Americans are expressing, in whatever form they occur. For too long doubt has acquired the hallmark of paralysis and stagnation when, as so much of the literature underscores, it's actually a catalyst for change and renewal. As the philosophy professor Robert Baird argued helpfully in 1980, in an essay called "The Creative Role of Doubt in Religion," "creative doubt stimulates the evaluation of beliefs." It encourages us to discard "beliefs found wanting" and to reaffirm "those found adequate ... with new vigor and life."

Baird's conclusion is worth restating, even if it will sound obvious to many: "The very fact that faith can be misplaced ... that one can take as ultimate that which is not ultimate at all, is a reflection of the logical possibility that a person may be mistaken."

 
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
steve12
03:54 PM on 07/09/2012
I believe it is the extremism of the religious right and the refusal of the Catholic Church to adapt to modern life including allowing women into its priesthood and allowing its priests to marry.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
steve12
03:50 PM on 07/09/2012
And it is sometimes those of faith that lead the reform. Civil rights and slavery are just but two examples.
09:22 AM on 07/07/2012
“After Britain's "agnostic" 1880s, for example, when arguments about religious doubt for the first time generated a national debate about the role and effect of religion in public life, the 1890s saw a brief religious revival……” That is exactly what is happening in America today. The religious viewpoints are being questioned by a vocal minority when it comes to the influence that religion has enjoyed in the political process. When I say religious I am inferring Christianity. The debate between religious persons and non-religious persons in politics has taken the natural course into belief.
The religious stranglehold is deteriorating and with a perceived attack on their morality they have taken the position of the persecuted. The religious revival we are witnessing is not quantity but volume. This is understandable. The secular movement has grown and has become more vocal, it is natural to assume that religion will voice their opinion in kind. The problem that I am seeing is what was supposed to be a discussion has turned into a shouting match. Instead of a mature exchange of ideas, the religious right has devolved into a childish rant with incoherent rhetoric. This incoherent rhetoric has become counterproductive when witnessed by a population that they need to grow and sustain their much wanted influence. The younger population has more exposure to the rational thinking the secular movement offers and they are moving in that direction in droves instead of the small amount of people in the past. (Thank You Internet!)
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
methodman
02:14 PM on 07/06/2012
Reliigion has harmed its own set of cards that no longer are they safe to touch. I am able to understand many things and am in amazement how its pastors priests and rabbi's continue to pretend solutions don't exist, problems can be explained. Anologies that are written to be read just aren't there but they are. I spent my time learning to look instead of synonymizing doubt and illiteracy. These people have that mission TO RESOLVE NOT TO EVOLVE. IT IS A MISSION. I got off that rat wheel.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Wake Up Call
Poking your brain with a pointy stick.
12:42 PM on 07/06/2012
Now if they would just start to wake up to the religion of patriotism, and the lies they have been told about how America is number one, etc. Then there might actually be some forward progress.
12:20 PM on 07/06/2012
My former quote might not have much to do with this article ,per se, but these questions have been bothering me, could some one please help answer?
12:18 PM on 07/06/2012
What this article brings up to me is what I currently feel about the society now. How will you treat those who will disagree with you? or remain in a different system? Will you treat them with a minimum of tolerance? What laws will you endorse? Will you maginalize the people who don't accept?

I've read so much about history, I've seen enough of how people act to make me worried. I would not like to live in an absolutist Theistoscratcy, ( as a minority, independant NonChristian faith, I'm not sure I'd deal all that well with ANY kind of 'absolutist' govenment...)

Reason and logic are ok, but emotion and such are part of human thought, how will they balance?
11:14 AM on 07/06/2012
Very glad to hear that more and more youth are going past the "I believe absolutely" situation of their parents. Such absolute, unquestioning belief is not even true to religiosity; the annals of Christianity are full of saints who questioned and doubted. According to Mark and Matthew, Jesus himself doubted on the cross, and John includes the story of the doubting Thomas. These gospels were written decades after the death of Jesus, and designed to gain followers. That they include examples of doubt shows that even in the earliest days of the development of what would later become Christianity, its evangelists knew that doubt would be a part of faith, and prepared adherents for it in their literature.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
sophie
Time bears away all things...
06:57 AM on 07/06/2012
Speaking of children....like I mentioned earlier, believing in a jesus was probably acceptable for me decades ago, until I read this. In the gospel according to Matthew (notice, it's according to, not written by), Jesus says, "I have come to set a man against his father and a dauther against her mother. If you love your father or mother more than you love me, you are not worthy of being mine. Or if you love your son or daughter more than me, you are not worthy of being mine." He also said, "if you refuse to take up the cross and follow me, you're not worthy. If you cling to your life, you will lose it." Mathew 10:35-39. He told his disciples too, "You must love me....more than your own life". (Luke 14:26). I don't know about you, but if you want to believe in THAT guy.....he's all yours.
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bermudababy
Left lane for passing only!!
12:17 PM on 07/06/2012
Do you actually know the 'meaning' of such a statement??

Matthew 10:34-38—Is the Scriptural message to be blamed for family rifts? Not at all. Rather, rifts are caused by the position taken by unbelieving family members. They may choose to reject or oppose Christianity, bringing about divisions in the family.—Luke 12:51-53

A thorough, diligent study of the Bible is necessary to 'understand' scriptural texts that when isolated seem to refer to a negative outcome in one's chosing to accept God and his Word.

Luke 14:26—In what sense are Christ’s followers to “hate” their relatives? In the Bible, “hate” can refer to loving a person or an object to a lesser degree than another. (Gen. 29:30, 31) Christians are to “hate” their relatives in the sense of loving them less than they do Jesus.—Matt. 10:37.

I implore you to do research on contraversial texts. Cherry-picking is mis-leading.
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Rippington
Highly opinionated and most likely will offend you
02:29 PM on 07/06/2012
I don't believe she was saying anything of the sort. I didn't take away from her statement that the message was being blamed for the family rifts.

To me... she said, I don't want to follow someone that stated that you could not love your parents/children more than you loved Jesus, etc.
03:54 PM on 07/06/2012
Contorting the meaning of bible text to make it agree with a specific viewpoint.
04:58 AM on 07/07/2012
Sophie,

No, decades ago you didn't believe in Jesus. You knew about Him and chose not to believe and looked for justification. Most simply put the scriptures which you credit to be the cornerstone of your discontent and disbelief are only Jesus showing you what He was willing to do for you.

There are many, many things which you do not understand, and you have escaped your inability to grasp them by not believing. Yet, there is something inside you which provokes you to comment in order to maintain a comfort level by denying Christ.

I will be honored to sit next to bermudababy at the Marriage Feast of the Lamb. There are still plenty of seats waiting to be filled. I'd sure like to see you there, and I bet there are lots of your family members, which you are so concerned about that you think Jesus is telling you that you can't love them, who'd like to see you there too.
02:06 PM on 07/07/2012
...so when god gambles with satan for Job's soul, and kills Job's wife and children as part of that gamble, it's FINE? Cuz, you know, god, in his saintly, gambling-addicted way, provided Job with a new family after murdering his first as part of the gamble, how sweet!

Dude, what would you call a human being who behaved the way god does? I would call him/her a psychopathic serial killing genocidal maniac. Elizabeth Bathory who bathed in the blood of virgins was saintly in comparison.
04:48 PM on 07/08/2012
I am curious as to what your definiton of believing in or on Jesus is, and also your explanation of being born again. Two things that always amaze me are all the different theories professing Christians have of these concepts, and the other is those that have no answer at all.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
sophie
Time bears away all things...
06:28 AM on 07/06/2012
Maybe this comment will be displayed, even though I don't know why my previous one wasn't (it wasn't against any rules HuffingtonPost regulations). Anyway.....I was thinking about this the other night. What is original sin again? Was it the sin Eve "earned" when she bit into the apple from the tree of knowledge, according to that old story? I remember being brainwashed as a child in catholic school and church that the punishment was banishment from the Garden of Eden as well as females from that point on would suffer when giving birth. Okay...so how come female animals go through labour pains too? How come they suffer when giving birth....because Eve disobeyed god? What do animals have to do with that punishment? Soooo here we go, original sin is forgiven when we're baptized, right? Yet.....female babies who grow up and find themselved having a baby STILL suffer labour pain! The real test would be for baptized females NEVER to suffer the pain, right? I was baptized and wow....having two kids hurt! Why?? People still believe in that story though for some reason. I am religion-free and still shake my head at how this old book, filled with god wanting women to abort their babies to appease him, filled with killing men, women, children and animals because god was having a hissy fit, god deciding to flood the world to kill his "beloved children" because they just didn't want to listen to him. In 2012?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
chrysostomos
Zizek built my hotrod,
10:42 AM on 07/06/2012
Well said!
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
UnderTheHedgeWeGo
Show me some evidence.
11:09 AM on 07/06/2012
Most of the "lessons" of the Bible require you to listen and except them without thinking. Even the doctrine central to the religion doesn't make any sense.

God (Big God) sent his only son (God as well) to earth to die at the hands of men to protect men from the wrath of God.

First, ya gotta’ ask, why only ONE son? He’s God, he could crank out as many “Sons” as he pleases. Secondly, how does allowing people to "kill" (actually torture, cuz ya can't really kill God) your own son (who is you after all) square up ANYTHING? What twist calculation is made right up by that little exhibition?

Then after we are told that “God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten Son” we find out God (the Son this time) now sits in heaven at the right hand of God (Big God). (I'd imagine that reunion was a bit tense). So, Big God didn’t “give” anything (He gave his Son but he still has his Son, who is after all, HimSelf to begin with).

The only utility I can see in this entire "lesson" is as a test to be a Christian. If you can believe that, you can believe ANYTHING.
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bermudababy
Left lane for passing only!!
01:24 PM on 07/06/2012
The Bible does not require an avoidance of 'thinking'. Who told you that? Quite the contrary, actually.
The problem is that 99.9999% of all the planets 'religions' are themselves in the dark. The Devil is real and he mis-leads the majority away from God.
We all are endowed with 'free will' and it is up to each of us to employ that free will in choosing our accepted information wisely.
God grants us 'brains' and to discount his existence is simply unacceptable.
"Test the inspired expression'...to see where it originates.
I am angered at the 'junk' dispensed as 'God's Word' out there. So many fall for it.

God does not require blind faith. Not at all. He does require effort though. Before you completely write God off....talk to one of Jehovah's Witnesses. You owe it to yourself and God.
06:06 PM on 07/07/2012
I think you are getting close. It's always darkest before the dawn. You are right the whole Jesus /God story has gotten really twisted with what man has overlaid on Jesus' message.
Jesus was the way the truth and the life. Jesus was a man who learned in the missing 18 years how to maintain a constant balance between the spiritual world and the physical world.
You might want to read the Jefferson bible wherein Thomas Jefferson cut out all the manmade stuff and the unbelievable stuff. Jefferson felt this gave us a much better understanding of how Jesus lived and what He taught. It's free online.

I am always surprised at how many Christians think Christ is Jesus' last name. Jesus said we would be able to do greater things than He did. Start with that and see where it takes you. You must also remember, in as much as we have a soul, we are all sons of God. As for the snuff story it appears something like that did happen, but I think the Bible uses some poetic license.
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01:02 AM on 07/06/2012
Next thing you know, atheist might be able to comment in the religious section....
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Zonatron
Agrarian Hippie
06:34 PM on 07/06/2012
Atheist here.
06:19 PM on 07/07/2012
Atheist -- a-theist is merely some one who is still seeking. Generally they are seeking something more logical and substantive they can accept. The old Christian concept of God being a guy with a long beard in a white robe sitting on a throne in someplace called Heaven with Jesus at his right hand sounds sort of like a fairytale. Although someone once said if there were more Christians who acted like Christians there wouldn't be so many Atheists. Ganhdi said he thought Christianity was the best religious philosophy, but he couldn't find anyone who lived it, so he became a Hindu.
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Zonatron
Agrarian Hippie
08:52 PM on 07/07/2012
OK if we want to be technical.... not seeker here. I have my understanding. Not all who wander are lost.
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11:29 PM on 07/05/2012
You should really call into question this "progressive" religion. Of course if you do expect to be economically sanctioned, ostracized, coerced and intimdated, just like every other religious organization. And the science is a bout as junk as junk science can get, fortunately thats why they are having such problems with their "trigger" events.

Hacking my hotmail account and changing the name for me, really doesnt intimidate me much, but ty whoever. Interesting study, 3 years at another place with no incidents. Less then 1 year here. That should be a congratulations to the types of people who abode here. Unfortunately since I waived my rights to privacy, xoleuess@hotmail.com Pswrd is apocalypse1. Knock yourself out.
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bermudababy
Left lane for passing only!!
09:05 PM on 07/05/2012
2 Timothy 3:1-5.." But know this, that in the last days critical times hard to deal with will be here. For men will be lovers of THEMSELVES, lovers of money, self-assuming, haughty, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, disloyal, having no natural affection, not open to any agreement, slanderers, without self-control, fierce, without love of goodness, betrayers, headstrong, puffed up [with pride], lovers of PLEASURES rather than lovers of God, having a FORM OF GODLY DEVOTION but proving FALSE to its power; and from these turn away."

Fortold long ago. So it comes to pass.

God knew how degenerated the human race would become. Humans are not equipped to govern themselves and the moral decay and the headlong dive into mass extinction just ahead of us proves that to be so.
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Zonatron
Agrarian Hippie
11:45 PM on 07/05/2012
27 books in the New Testament. All but 9 are forgeries. Get a new book about a loving caring god and get back to me.

You assume the book to be authoritative. I most decidedly do not. To spoof a series of hate filled books...... I Want To Be Left Behind
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bermudababy
Left lane for passing only!!
11:14 AM on 07/06/2012
Forgeries? really? I guess you have the 'inside track' for that. I, and BILLIONS of others reject such untruths.
The God of the Bible IS loving....'God IS Love.' Actually. For all those who will obey he must and does provide warnings to straighten out......if ignored there are consequences to be had. Try again.

Psalms 37:10 & 11...." And just a little while longer, and the wicked one will be no more; And you will certainly give attention to his place, and he will not be.
 But the meek ones themselves will possess the earth,
And they will indeed find their exquisite delight in the abundance of peace."

Your wish to be left behind is foolish. There IS no 'left behind'. The EARTH is for righteous induviduals...minus the unruly wicked.
11:49 PM on 07/05/2012
Name one time in human history in which this quote could not be applied. People like you have been preaching doomsday prophecy for thousands of years.

That book was written by mortals - mortals with an agenda. Present one shred of objective, peer-reviewable evidence of the existence of God... just one.
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bermudababy
Left lane for passing only!!
11:24 AM on 07/06/2012
I've heard that comment many times and it certainly is valid...on the surface of things.
But never in human history has such a collection of things and personality traits been so pronounced.
Mankind has truly become Animalistic in nature. Whether the internet (with it's instant news) or others forms of communication involved, mankind is experiencing great upheaval.............every day those 'comments' fly that "what is this world coming too?"...Who are people asking by the way???
When man leaves off from following God.....Satan takes over...theses traits are classic Satan. (Refer to above for scriptual solution)

Bible was written by humans true. Under inspiration by God.

Evidence? ......................Look around you!! Nature my friend!! Pure and simple. All God made.
05:15 PM on 07/08/2012
As you well know there is no peer-reviewable evidence for a God. There is also no peer-reviewable evidence for dark energy, dark matter, or what gravity is made of. Traditionally what science can't verify we assign to god. Science is having trouble coming up with answers as to how we got here and how it all started. Science has taken a page from religion and a page from Socratic logic and debate in as much as science seems to believe if they repeat the same theories like the big bang and evolution over and over ad nauseum the masses of lesser intelligence will accept it as fact. Perhaps theoretical quantum physics will give us some answers, at least their logic is more like that of Aristotle and Plato, rather than Socrates. I think if I were rewriting the bible, I would start with in the beginning God created the big bang. That way neither science nor religion would have anywhere to go, because neither could give a logical argument to proove or disproove the statement, Ergo it would have to be acceptable to both.
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Zonatron
Agrarian Hippie
05:08 PM on 07/05/2012
I think that if the young people of this country are questioning religion it should be called enlightenment, liberation and freedom. The abusive, privacy invading, father deity in the sky and its misogynist texts should be relegated to the land fill along with all other unnecessary means of control.

Maybe someday we will create another god in our own image.....hopefully, it will be called Higgs-Boson, or as George Carlin parodied - The Sun (and of course, Joe Pesci)

Lets continue to urge them to question and search for verifiable fact. Lets also encourage them to call insanity, insanity, instead of Lord and the other tripe being preached by America's "MacChurches" - "Would you like some emotional abuse to go with your lies?"

Proud to not be Christian.

"The last time religion ruled the world they called it the Dark Ages" "Beware of ignorant people in large groups" Dinosaurs co-existing with people? Really..... The creationists believe T-Rex peaceably coexisted with Adam and Eve - the big fangs were for cracking open watermelons.

Help them continue to doubt.

Religion poisons EVERYTHING - in memorium- Christopher Hitchens.
06:39 PM on 07/07/2012
You might want to read the comments I left for Abnormal Wrench. I can agree with some of what you said even though I am not an Atheist. Man, at least those who are part of the Hebrew based religions, has a pretty messed up view of what God is. I think that is because we are so small minded we can’t conceive of God anymore than we can conceive of dark energy, dark matter or what kind of particles make up gravity. I know I can remember in high school science they taught us there was something called centrifugal force. Turns out that was an untruth. I didn’t however reject all of science unilaterally because of that. The same goes for the Bible there some great spiritual truths hidden within the allegory that have been around practically since the beginning of mankind, maybe before that, given that every cell has a consciousness, and protons act differently when they are being watched. My point is, be it science or religion we shouldn’t throw the baby out with the bath water.
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Zonatron
Agrarian Hippie
08:33 PM on 07/07/2012
True enough, but science has the virtue of being scrupulously self critical.  Theories put out there are tested and retested in the effort to prove them false.  If tests are confirmed repeatedly, they are taken more or less as fact. We theorized that the universe at some point would contract but it is in fact expanding.  Religion thinks it is "right" and does nothing to question its validity.  It is, by virtue of this, suspect.   Buddhists even assert that there is no duality.  The Dalai Lama wants monks to study science as a result.  Blind faith ceases critical thought - Something we desperately need in this country. We KNOW things about the bible -through scientific inquiry - that make it verifiably false.  As a result, I think that baby can be flushed -along with the water- as far as I'm concerned.
Thanks for your thoughts.
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urownexperience
04:56 PM on 07/05/2012
If you think this study is bogus, peek into your church next Sunday. Average the ages of the "believers."