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Joanne Bohnke is a 74 year old widow, hoping to make her $315,000 savings last longer than she does. She turned for advice, as most Americans unfortunately do, to her broker at Smith Barney (now Morgan Stanley Smith Barney), in Chico, California where she was residing at the time.

Ms. Bohnke explained that she could not afford any meaningful risk. She was retired and her nest egg was all she had to sustain her in her golden years.

Her trusted broker knew exactly the right investment for 46% of her assets: GM preferred stock. According to Ms. Bohnke's lawyer, David Valicenti, at the time her broker made this recommendation, GM preferred shares were rated just above "junk" status.

Subsequently, the stock plummeted in value. Ms. Bohnke lost 76% of her investment.

Ms. Bohnke had only one avenue of redress: Arbitration administered by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). When she opened her account with Smith Barney she gave up her constitutional right to access to the courts and trial by jury. FINRA is basically a trade association for the securities industry, which ironically claims on its web site that it "...protects the most important investor in the world. You."

The reality is the mandatory arbitration system is seriously flawed and rigged against investors like Ms. Bohnke. William Galvin, the highly respected Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts testified that FINRA's mandatory arbitration system is "an industry sponsored damage-containment and control program masquerading as juridical proceeding."

Only about 45% of awards issued by FINRA arbitration panels are in favor of investors, and many of those are for a fraction of the losses claimed. FINRA likes to note that many cases are settled, but omits the fact that those settlements are often for a small percentage of the losses, because investors are well aware of their slim chances of success before these industry oriented arbitrators.

Here's the miracle:

Ms. Bohnke's case was apparently so indefensible that even a FINRA arbitration panel couldn't find a way to avoid holding her broker responsible. It awarded her $101,000 for her losses and $35,112 in attorneys' fees and costs.

The fact that Smith Barney refused to settle and forced Ms. Bohnke to go through a hearing is telling. The securities industry knows these hearings are not a level playing field. They are willing to take their chances even in the most egregious cases. A risk averse elderly client with a small nest egg should have been invested in a globally diversified portfolio of low cost index funds, with no more than 15% of her funds exposed to stock market risk. The bond portion her portfolio should have been placed in a broadly diversified bond index fund, like the Vanguard Total Bond Index Fund (VBMFX). Only a brokerage firm could (with a straight face) justify investing her "risk-free" funds in the volatile preferred stock of one company.

The conduct of the Smith Barney broker is not atypical. It's one of many reasons why savvy investors should not rely on brokers for advice. If bad advice from your broker has caused losses in your account, don't expect the same result that Ms. Bohnke received.

Hoping for miracles is not a sound investing strategy.

The views set forth in this blog are the opinions of the author alone and may not represent the views of any firm or entity with whom he is affiliated. The data, information, and content on this blog are for information, education, and non-commercial purposes only. Returns from index funds do not represent the performance of any investment advisory firm. The information on this blog does not involve the rendering of personalized investment advice and is limited to the dissemination of opinions on investing. No reader should construe these opinions as an offer of advisory services. Readers who require investment advice should retain the services of a competent investment professional. The information on this blog is not an offer to buy or sell, or a solicitation of any offer to buy or sell any securities or class of securities mentioned herein. Furthermore, the information on this blog should not be construed as an offer of advisory services. Please note that the author does not recommend specific securities nor is he responsible for comments made by persons posting on this blog.

 
 
 

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09:23 PM on 01/20/2011
The real crime is not the advice from the broker, he just was unlucky. Preferred stocks used to be considered conservative investments for clients who need stable income. Very easy looking back now that it was an improper investment(AIG,BAC,C,WM,FNM,FRE,WB all had preferreds).He should not have recommended putting 46% in 1 pfd,he could have spread it around and lost in a larger group of investments. The client has the final say,she didn't have to listen. A broker doesn't even have a fiduciary responsibility to clients! The real crime are the legal fees associated with arbitration.
03:44 PM on 01/20/2011
"GM preferred shares were rated just above "junk" status."

Ummmm, that it makes it investment grade. The broker did not steer her into something that was deemed risky by the rating agencies. He just invested too much in one palce.

also, it is a bit ironic that pensions of union workers which were saved is what cost Ms. Bohnke her own investment, I don't see that relationship mentioned here.
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dadw5boys
Disabled Vietnam Vet
08:46 PM on 01/20/2011
The Stock Market had actually crash in May of 2007 but the Federal Reserve and the U.S. Treasury keep things going till the 2008 crash.

We had complained for almost 2 years to the SEC that Billions of shares of stock were being created each quarter handed out as Stock Options and sold.

The SEC should have been asking how they could be creating all this thousands of extra shares of stock just before each quarterly report. Many of us watched as Executives all over the USA were cashing out of these Corporations. We got out too.
03:52 PM on 01/19/2011
I have discovered caring for my elderly mom that the system, the gov't/insurance cartel is designed to drain your money so that ideally you end up broke right around the time you die. Leaving anything for your kids is simply impossible unless you're a millionaire.
nothingchanges
too soon old, too late smart
03:29 PM on 01/19/2011
"Hoping for miracles is not a sound investing strategy."

IMPO........It's not a good strategy for voting either, but we seem to be denied a viable option by a system bought and paid for by big business.
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cassie reinara
02:01 PM on 01/19/2011
A sad, but true story. One that plays out more often than not and with not so happy an ending. Wall Street has become a big casino and to take your retirement saving and entrust your life savings to your broker (a casino dealer) has become one huge gamble where in most cases you end up on the short end of the deal. We have legalized gambling in the equities and commodities markets and we are seeing the consequences of having an unregulated financial services industry in full view. The 401K, IRA and multitude of retirement accounts was all part of the plan to funnel our retirement savings into Wall Street firms. It looks like it's paid off handsomely for the titans of Wall Street and not so much for our retirement savings. Social Security is one prize that Wall Street has not bagged yet, but is working feverishly to get into their grubby little hands. Imagine trillions of dollars going into the sector and what that will mean for their bonuses? Let's not let this happen.
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RedneckDem
The top 1% stole my made in china bootstraps
01:40 PM on 01/19/2011
Apparently you can't voice your displeasure to the Chico CA office of Smith Barney. It's not on their site anymore....

I love how they just ignore it until it goes away. Maybe HuffPo needs another icon at the top of page where you can reference articles from Big Financial before you make a mistake and go to one...
01:06 PM on 01/19/2011
For every horror story...there are 9 where the advisor did the appropriate thing. Hate the player...not the game.
http://yieldpig.blogspot.com/
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RedneckDem
The top 1% stole my made in china bootstraps
01:42 PM on 01/19/2011
I guess "only" 10% sounds good until its your turn...
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wikwox
So there I was, playing the piano....
11:40 AM on 01/19/2011
Any time professions or industries are allowed to be thier own judge and jury the results are the same: Nothing wrong, certainly nothing criminal and no you can't get your money back.
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Robert Cantor
I am a human being descended from an exclusive gro
11:03 AM on 01/19/2011
another crime against the people is historic and long running low interest rates that force investors into the market and away from 'safe' interest investments.
01:24 PM on 01/19/2011
I would rather have my money in a 1% interest CD with the credit union, than invest in the market. I am of an age where I can't take any risks at all - and the market is a crap shoot. I am not a gambler.
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scottw
10:50 AM on 01/19/2011
The system of conservative retirement fund investing is rigged in two ways. First, a retirement account needs to be "managed" by a financial service. Second, you are stuck with brokered products like CD's that can be called if interest rates go down. So, you think you are locked into a 5% guaranteed return for 5 years, only to see it called by the bank and now you are forced to reinvest at 3%. The client takes on all of the downside risk, and the bank takes on no risk. Is there a way to self-direct a retirement account so you can buy non-callable products?
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Eileenla
Author, "Sacred Economics"
09:21 AM on 01/19/2011
When I wentbthrough Smith Barney "training" one of our exercises was to create a portfolio for a 50 year old female who had $100,000 and needed a ten percent return she could withdraw every year to cover her expenses. While I struggled to build a portfolio that could satisfy the objective with minimal risk, I was astonishedvhow many of my peers suggested she invest in Worldcom or Amgen, claiming she could use the capital gains she was sure to earn as " income." I asked the instructor if this wasn't a "wrong" approach andvwas informed there was no "right" way to do the exercise. After 16 years in the business I quit in'07 because I couldn't handle the lack of corporate integrity.
09:38 AM on 01/19/2011
I once heard a story about new broker training at a large brokerage now owned by a large bank ( you now know which company I'm referring to ). The VP of Sales told the trainees that if they helped the firm make money, they would make money and if their customers made money also that would be
"a happy coincidence". "A HAPPY COINCIDENCE"......... This is one of the reasons I use discount brokers with the lowest commissions and never take or listen to advice from industy insiders - they all lie.
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02:27 PM on 01/19/2011
Kudos!! You retained a portfolio of personal dignity and integrity. WE can never short those qualities. Applause!! F/F
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Peter Combs
Amused by the illogical..no, NOT a Republican
09:20 AM on 01/19/2011
Regretably, what 99% of Americans do not know, is that most brokers have lousy track records for the their clients. Most investment "Advisors" who focus on individual stocks are no better than a monkey throwing darts at a stock list. The smartest guys trade their own accounts and don't want the hassle of retail customer.

The best free advice out there for the average person can usually be found on Mutual Fund websites. Their fees are 90% less and you can sleep at night.
07:43 AM on 01/19/2011
Ms. Bohnke had only one avenue of redress: Arbitration administered by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). When she opened her account with Smith Barney she gave up her constitutional right to access to the courts and trial by jury. FINRA is basically a trade association for the securities industry, which ironically claims on its web site that it "...protects the most important investor in the world. You." Greed!!
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Inkosi
The gods themselves rage aginst stupidity
10:49 AM on 01/19/2011
Now if Ms. Bohnke was rich - there would have been a concerted effort to recoup her losses. Alas, she was just a middle class poor folk with no power. The aribtration is a scam for corps to avoid any redress. It is in automobile contracts, employment agreements - just about everything. The consumer has no chance of justice. The system is rigged
So why should Americans invest in business? Business has made their own unfriendly climate. Brokers purposely giving bad advice to clients, business faking their balance sheets, Moody purposly giving triple A ratings knowling they were false. If business is having a hard time - they created their hard time all at the expense of the American middle class taxpayer.
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camanokat
Outta this world
03:37 PM on 01/19/2011
Arbitration is in my Verizon wireless contract too.
05:50 AM on 01/19/2011
moral of the story.. wallstreet thieves arent there for your benifit..put your money in a local bank or credit union..
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AntiClast
If it ain't broke, don't break it!
10:24 PM on 01/18/2011
My aunt determined to leave all her money to my sister, who had helped her patiently beyond all expectations. My aunt was persuaded by her local bank to put her money in a trust fund, to go ultimately to my niece.

After my aunt died, the trust said they wanted to grow the fund. It didn't, it stayed constant, from 1989 to 1996, while the market doubled. The fund trustees bought and sold shares, seemingly at random. My sister and her husband went to a lawyer. He faced off with the trust fund, but advised that breaking the trust would take all its money. The bank trustees would have been by a suit against them. A compromise was set up, my sister now gets a monthly stipend, but has no control. This was not what my aunt really wanted.

My youngest aunt sold her house, receiving $200,000. I advised her to put the money in CDs. She said she would talk to her bank adviser, he would "know what to do". He did, he put her in an annuity, she was 89 at the time. Now she is in an old age facility, but she can't access her funds for her monthly expenses.

If I get much older, I will have a younger relative with me when I meet with the jackals who pretend to be financial advisers with my interests at stakes. As long as they make a big profit.
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08:03 AM on 01/19/2011
You can -always- take an entity to court for breach of trust and for acting in bad faith, and it just might become a class action. Many people are abused because they have been led to believe that they have given-away their right to "the redress of grievances."

Your agreement to forego legal procedure in favor of arbitration ... is part of a contract. Nothing more or less.

If you can make the case that the other party in the contract is "with malice aforethought" acting against ordinary "fiduciary duty" with regard to you, any contract can be annulled. You would have had a fight on your hands, and perhaps your attorney's advice to you was indeed the best option for you in your situation.

A contract can stipulate arbitration... for obvious reasons. But the bright-line still stands unmoved: if the other party has committed a TORT against you, and you can (and are willing to) make a judge-and-jury agree with you, "all bets are off."
10:12 PM on 01/20/2011
You have to remember that financial advisers are SALES people. They receive a percentage of the revenue they bring into the firm. Educate yourself before you get much older. Don't become a victim.