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David Briggs

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Diversity Rising: Census Shows Mormons, Nondenominational Churches, Muslims Spreading Out Across U.S.

Posted: 05/02/2012 12:25 pm

The U.S. religious landscape is shifting, and no one may be more thankful than GOP presidential contender Mitt Romney.

The 2010 U.S. Religion Census, released May 1 on the Association of Religion Data Archives, found that The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints gained the most regular members in the last 10 years, growing by nearly 2 million to a total of 6.14 million adherents in 13,600 congregations.

Some of the church's largest percentage gains were in places such as Tazewell County, Va.; Bath County, Ky., and Big Horn County, Mont. As Romney makes his historic run to be the first Mormon president, there are few places on the 2012 campaign trail he will go where people are not close to a Latter-day Saint congregation or neighbors who share his faith.

But the denomination is not the only one spreading its wings nationally in a time of increasing religious diversity, the census shows.

Consider these findings:

  • Taken together, nondenominational and independent churches may now be considered the third largest religious group in the country, with 12.2 million adherents in 35,500 congregations. Only the Catholic Church and the Southern Baptist Convention are larger.

  • The U.S. was home to 2,106 mosques nationwide in 2010. The figure includes 166 mosques in Texas, 118 in Florida and 50 Muslim houses of worship in North Carolina.

  • Buddhist congregations were reported in all 50 states, and Hindu houses of worship in 49 states.

Still, not everyone was a winner in the religious marketplace.

Mainline Protestant churches lost an average of 12.8 percent of adherents in the first decade of the 21st century; 5 percent fewer active members were found in Catholic churches.

A Vital Marketplace

The U.S. Religion Census, also known as the Religious Congregations & Membership Study 2010, is a once-in-a-decade project to collect county-by-county data from hundreds of religious groups. It is considered the most complete census data for local, state and national information on congregations and their members.

The 2010 study, sponsored by The Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies, obtained reports from 236 religious bodies. The 236 groups reported 344,894 congregations with 150,686,156 adherents, comprising 48.8 percent of the total U.S. population of 308,745,538 in 2010.

The study data and the accompanying maps, which provide easy visual analysis of religion demographics, are widely used by scholars, researchers, teachers, the media and the general public.

"Each year the ARDA disseminates thousands of copies of the data files and each week thousands of visitors use ARDA's online maps and reports to explore America's religious landscape," said sociologist Roger Finke of Pennsylvania State University, ARDA director. "Whether it is county profiles conducted by local churches or national research conducted by religion scholars, the data offer a trove of new information on American religion."

One limitation of the study is that information on attendance and membership is self-reported by the religious bodies. Some figures are estimates, such as the 2.6 million Muslims in the U.S. Further information on study sources is available on ARDA.

Still, Clifford Grammich, a study leader, said the 2010 study "is the most comprehensive local-level analysis of U.S. religious adherents and attendance in more than 60 years."

What emerges from the new census is a portrait of an increasingly diverse, vital religious marketplace.

It is difficult today for any one group to claim a monopoly on a particular state or region of the country.

For example, if you consider, as the group itself does, that the Mormon Church is a Christian body, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported the largest increase among Christian groups from 2000 to 2010 in 30 states, including places like North Dakota, New Mexico and West Virginia.

Meanwhile, the census found nondenominational and independent churches in 2,663 counties, or 88 percent of U.S. counties. Added together, they would be among the top five religious groups in 48 states.

In secular terms, Hartford Seminary sociologist Scott Thumma compares the nationwide growth of groups such as the Mormon Church and nondenominational congregations to successful fast-food franchises starting out locally, finding they meet a need and then expanding regionally and nationally until you can find one at almost every rest stop.

Nondenominational churches, in particular, have become "an alternative to denominational religiosity in every market," Thumma said.

Increasing Competition

The diversity extends beyond Christianity.

The number of non-Christian congregations -- synagogues, mosques, temples and other religious centers -- increased by nearly a third, from 8,795 in the 2000 study to 11,572 in the 2010 census. Houses of worship of other faiths were found in 985 counties in 2010, almost a third of the total.

Even some groups that had a drop in adherents found themselves expanding in newer markets.

For example, the Catholic Church, which had 62 million adherents in 2000 and 59 million in 2010 according to the census, reported the largest gains among Christian groups in 11 states, including Georgia, Nevada and Oregon.

Even places such as Salt Lake County in Utah, the home of the Latter-day Saints, have become more diverse, cosmopolitan communities, census researchers noted. The number of Catholic adherents there jumped from 53,500 to 84,000 from 2000 to 2010.

There has been a shift to "a true marketplace," Thumma said. When new players "in the religious marketplace come along, it's harder to maintain this is our market, you can't come in here."

So, too, is it possible for a Mormon to run for president.

It is "absolutely the case," Thumma said, that the spread of Latter-day Saints across the nation, and the degree of familiarity that provided many Americans with their faith, paved the way for a Romney run.

David Briggs writes the Ahead of the Trend column for the Association of Religion Data Archives.

 

Follow David Briggs on Twitter: www.twitter.com/ReligionData

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07:02 AM on 06/15/2012
it's just so cool and nifty living on a globe where there are so many different imaginations that exist, so many different ways to laugh with other people and share with each other
08:32 PM on 05/09/2012
In 1988, there was one mosque in the Central Florida area where I live. Today there are over 20 and all are full for Friday prayers, often with a spill over of worshippers on to the parking lots outside. I know that the Mormons opened up a beautiful new temple as well as a number of smaller centers. With some exposes on some Christian preachers engaged in theft and corruption..........Pastor Zachary Timms comes to mind. No wonder many leave these sects.
04:40 AM on 05/03/2012
Please note that this study has been amended. The researchers learned the Mormon Church "cooked the books" to make it appear they had a larger increase than they actually had. Is there anything that this church won't lie about?

Here's the article from the Salt Lake Tribune:
http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/news/54036926-78/church-lds-membership-growth.html.csp
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dawacu
Jesus loves you
10:23 AM on 05/03/2012
The article you cite indicates that the LDS Church reports their numbers similar to the way other protestant churches do. They weren't "cooking the books."

From the article in your link:
"In fact, Jones said, reporting the LDS Church’s entire membership list "is closer to what most Protestants do."

In his own Nazarene faith, officials "have an inactive members list as well, and we do include them in our total membership," he said. "In that sense, this move actually strengthens our case for saying our data is pretty comparable across denominations.""

Also,
Studies that rely exclusively on individuals reporting their own religious preference also show that Mormonism is growing, while many other religions are shrinking.

Here is a link to one such study on the US Census website. You have to scroll down a little to get to the study I'm referring to: http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2012/tables/12s0075.pdf
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readbofm
Member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
03:09 PM on 05/04/2012
Basic Facts about the Church

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------.

Growth of the Church

According to the National Council of Churches, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the second-fastest-growing church in the United States. However, despite its increasing numbers, the Church cautions against overemphasis on growth statistics. The Church makes no statistical comparisons with other churches and makes no claim to be the fastest-growing Christian denomination despite frequent news media comments to that effect. Such comparisons rarely take account of a multiplicity of complex factors, including activity rates and death rates, the methodology used in registering or counting members, and what factors constitute membership. Growth rates also vary significantly across the world. Additionally, many other factors contribute to the strength of the Church, most especially the devotion and commitment of its members.
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Timothy Unrine
Commit to the Lord whatever you do - Prov 16:3
04:15 AM on 05/03/2012
How much is the true Mormon growth rate. The Salt Lake Tribune reports that for this same report, the Mormons changed how they count someone as a member.

Church attendance of Mormons is 40%. So for that remaining 60%, who have, or haven't attended a Mormon church in years, but their names remain on the rolls, because it takes miles of red tape to get your name removed, and most give up.

Now the pollster says each church determines how to count it's members. But if Mormons typically lie by inflating numbers, by including "members" who left the church, but the Mormons keep their names on the rolls - none of these numbers are credible, considering the source.

Figures don't lie, but Mormons figure.

My name is still on the rolls, and I have submitted three letters over two years, to the Bishop, and a copy to Salt Lake, to remove my name. But whenever the ward gets new Missionaries who visit "members" from the membership list - go figure - I'm still marked as Active.

Figures don't lie, but Mormons figure.

Now we know where Mormon Romney learned to lie so convincingly.

http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/faith/54036926-142/church-lds-membership-percent.html.csp
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readbofm
Member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
03:29 PM on 05/04/2012
Timothy, again more accusations of lying? No one lied, what evidence do you have that someone lied? None. Why would the church lie anyway? They make no growth rate claims as compared to other Christian faiths despite frequent news media comments to that effect. They do not care what people think about growth rates. This is the news media promoting these stories.
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readbofm
Member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
03:44 PM on 05/04/2012
In past years, LDS membership figures reported to the census researchers “were understated.”

For those years, he said, the LDS church “left out numbers of members who, although baptized, were not currently associated with a specific congregation. This year, we included total membership numbers to more accurately reflect all of those found on church records.”

Dale Jones, a researcher on the Religion Census, said he wished the LDS church had alerted him about the change in its reporting methods. But Jones, director of research services at the Church of the Nazarene Global Ministry Center in Kansas, said he had no problem with the shift.

“Any group can define (its membership) however they like,” Jones said. “Mormons are not the only ones to change, and it’s not a big deal.”

If the LDS growth rate slipped from 45 percent to, say, 20 percent, it would still put the Mormons “at the top of the list” among Christian faiths, he said. “I don’t care if it’s half as much. It’s not the same story, but it’s still a great story.”

In fact, Jones said, reporting the LDS church’s entire membership list “is closer to what most Protestants do.”

In his own Nazarene faith, officials “have an inactive members list as well, and we do include them in our total membership,” he said. “In that sense, this move actually strengthens our case for saying our data is pretty comparable across denominations.”
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Timothy Unrine
Commit to the Lord whatever you do - Prov 16:3
09:03 PM on 05/04/2012
Playing around with membership numbers, seems pretty juvenile, like High School atheles pulling them out to see whose Johnson is bigger.

The main purpose of the report - it isn't scientific, especially with each religion reporting their own numbers, hell, why not claim like McDonalds over 1 Bilion baptized?

So the informaton coming out is questionable, unaudited.

Report is really worthless - like telling a fish story, we all can catch big fish, without proof of a picture.

I will agree, all the religions reporting are just inventing numbers - what they wish their membership was, if every day was Easter or Christmas service, when the overflow seats are the full.
06:59 PM on 05/02/2012
More diversified belief is good. There need to be more diversity introduced as the traditional beliefs become out of touch.
06:57 PM on 05/02/2012
More diversified belief is good. I hope there can be more conceptions of a Higher Power introduced rather than just sticking with the traditional concepts.
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06:48 PM on 05/02/2012
Some unintentional humor in another report on the survey:

"Roughly 55 percent of Americans attend services with enough regularity to be counted, according to the data. By comparison, most surveys estimate roughly 85 percent of Americans profess religious faith, though they may not attend services.

Some 158 million Americans were classified as "unclaimed" by any religion in the survey."

http://news.yahoo.com/numbers-muslims-mormons-sharply-u-report-224401366.html

I get a mental picture of a puppy at a pound--unclaimed. Which reminds me of some intentional humor of the highest order from Homer and Jethro:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9LfpIdWMqs
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phal4875
The world is run by cats; we just feed them.
04:11 PM on 05/03/2012
Unlike the puppies, most of the unclaimed do not drool.
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08:07 PM on 05/03/2012
...or want to be claimed.