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David Nichtern

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Finding A Spiritual Teacher

Posted: 3/2/10

When I met my teacher, Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche, in 1971, I felt an overwhelming sense of connection. At the time I was attending the Berklee College of Music in Boston, and studying yoga at a nearby studio. Rinpoche came to our yoga studio to lead a weekend meditation workshop shortly after arriving in this country via England, via India, via Tibet. What struck me right away about him was that he was extremely clear and totally present, not making any kind of big show or putting on any airs. He was just simple and direct, and at the same time very magnetic and intelligent.

Shortly after that first meeting, I actually quit a very good summer job playing guitar on Cape Cod to go study with Rinpoche. I had a vivid dream about him and just felt compelled to go see him. Maybe that was a different time and place, I don't know...

These days, many meditation students have questions about how to find a spiritual teacher, what criteria to use and what to expect from such a relationship. I think the mood is different than it was in the early 70's when lots of us seemed willing to just dive into something and take a chance.

Then and now, however, when we are looking for a teacher, it is helpful to have a sense of how deep into our own journey we are prepared to go. That way we will be able to choose an appropriate level of study. It is also important to carefully consider the qualifications of our teacher and the extent to which that person actually embodies the teachings being presented.

As it is presented in the Buddhist tradition, there are three stages of teacher/student relationship:

At first, the teacher manifests as an elder or preceptor. The teacher is a knowledgeable, experienced individual who presents the dharma in a straightforward and informative manner. The student is open minded, but sharp and critical in receiving the teachings, carefully evaluating what has been said, digesting the meaning, and evaluating for herself how relevant and useful the information is.

In the second level, the teacher manifests as a "spiritual friend" or mentor. Here the teacher is considered a qualified guide and companion on the spiritual journey. The relationship is more direct and is based on "eye-level" communication. The teacher has experience that enables him to understand the student's journey and is in a position to counsel, support, encourage and even give critical feedback when necessary. At this point the student's journey is becoming more personal and less theoretical, and individual advice and support are an important element in that progression.

Entering the third stage, the teacher is seen as an accomplished master whose guidance and feedback are essential. The teacher is now working very directly with the student's state of mind and helping to bring out her full capacity. If we use the analogy of martial arts, now the student and teacher are working with real weapons -- there is less margin for error. Precision and trust are essential.

Buddhist texts refer to all kinds of qualities for a qualified master, but even if you find one, without a strong personal connection between the master and the student this advanced level of training may not really be effective. It is essential that the teacher is thoroughly trained herself and completely personifies what is being presented. Sometimes the teachings at this level are called transmission or "ear whispered." The communication is very direct and powerful.

Ultimately, it is said that the real teacher/guru is actually internal -- within ourselves -- and that the inner guru, the outer guru and the student's mind come together seamlessly. At that point the student also begins to embody the teachings, and there is no longer a separation between the mind of the teacher and the mind of the student. In some of the Buddhist lineages of Tibet, this kind of direct lineage transmission from master to disciple can be traced back hundreds of years.

The analogy that is used to describe this kind of lineage transmission is that of passing on a recipe for making bread. The recipe is old but the bread is made fresh and hot each time. Respect for lineage and tradition can be unsettling for some American students, who may culturally thrive on rebellion and a fascination with whatever is new and different. With that in mind it seems that we are living through a very interesting and transitional time in the evolution of Buddhism in the West -- perhaps a new cultural hybrid will emerge. What do you think?


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When I met my teacher, Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche, in 1971, I felt an overwhelming sense of connection. At the time I was attending the Berklee College of Music in Boston, and studying yoga at a nearby ...
When I met my teacher, Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche, in 1971, I felt an overwhelming sense of connection. At the time I was attending the Berklee College of Music in Boston, and studying yoga at a nearby ...
 
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07:51 AM on 03/10/2010
Good article and good comments!

Ultimately­, we all have the same Teacher - Reality.

As such, it's important that seekers/st­udents be able to clearly discern - for themselves - that which is Real from that which is Un-Real.

While a Teacher can be of great help in pointing-o­ut where to 'look,' for instance, and in offering-u­p useful tools - stability and insight, vipassana and shamatha, etc - any actual 'realizati­on' by the student comes from her or his own discernmen­t into the inner workings of her or his own mind.

My experience has been that the deepest, most refined discernmen­t happens to those with Healthy Balanced Egos - a healthy, balanced ego, believe it or not, is Strong Enough to Let Itself Go.

Otoh, a Traumatize­d Ego is often too shaky to 'see' clearly, or has 'blind' spots that prevent the Truth from revealing itself.

Therefore, I often recommend that those with Trauma in their background­s consider seeking help through Therapy in order to cultivate a solid foundation from which to conduct their spiritual practice.
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khanti
Cultivator
08:11 AM on 03/04/2010
Just before the Buddha passed away into PariNibana some of his disciples asked him who will guide us in the Dhamma?
The Buddha said he has taught all there is to know to end sufferings­. He told his disciples he teaches with an open palm without holding anything back, the way to end sufferings­. His Dharma shall be the Guide and Teacher.
Now more than two thousand five hundred years after his passing away his Dharma still remain. If we practice even a stanza of the Dharma we are on the path to liberation­. So if we don't practice, not even a thousand Avalokites­ravaya cannot help us. When people stop practicing his teachings will be forgotten thus begins the Dhama ending period.

Looking for the exotic people forego the basics,
instead of changing within they go for the Tantric.
Far and wide they search for instant Nirvana,
Dwelling in illusion neglecting the Dharma.
Only to find themselves wandering in Samsara.

May you all be guided by the Dharma. Much Metta.”
12:57 AM on 03/04/2010
I think its important to let people know that they can train and develop their minds on their own without following any lineage or tradition. Although a teacher/gu­ide or master may be helpful they are not necessary. I think the three stage path you mentioned is right on the money. First the student gains knowledge, Then the student gains understand­ing through the practice of both insight and analytical meditation­. Then during the final stage the student applies what they have learned and gains transcende­nt wisdom which liberates them from all defilement­s and affliction­s of mind.
10:10 AM on 03/04/2010
Who is going to call the student on their delusion views?
12:30 PM on 03/04/2010
It’s not who its what suffering is a by product of delusional views. When ever suffering arises then its time to do insight meditation­.
09:38 AM on 03/07/2010
Who called Buddha on his delusional views?
10:59 PM on 03/03/2010
I'm thankful for my algebra teachers too xox
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KriTiKiT
Says"play nice"
06:10 PM on 03/03/2010
be your own teacher, live your life as a example, and don't do anything that you would not want to happen to... you don't need a guru to get between you and your money or your labor... love yourself as a example
06:47 PM on 03/03/2010
I am a gifted artist able to draw and paint by myself at a very early age. However if I want to be a master artist, to know other methods and tricks, to refine my talent and strengthen my discipline I must study with a master. Gotama Budhha was trained in all the arts including the art of war. He also trained under the highest spiritual masters of his land and found the methods all very good but still didn't free him. With all the training and support under his belt he made the final great effort. Before this effort he had many people help him and teach him to refine his potential as a bodhisatta­.
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01:18 PM on 03/03/2010
I experience the clarity when I am with a real teacher regardless of their tradition.­.. I know that any unconsciou­s or hidden part of me is completely visible to them and I become uncomforta­ble. I am naked in their presence, be it Trunpa, Norbu, EJ Gold, Tarthang Tulku, Lee Lozowick, Suleyman Dede, and others. Regardless of how difficult it is at the time I know that this discomfort is mine and a guidepost, a way for me to move beyond my own unconsciou­sness, this is sometimes misunderst­ood by non-studen­ts.

Some teachers are like olympic trainers, some like drill sergeants, they are cooks, artists, businessme­n... you apprentice with them to learn. If you follow your instinct you will find your teacher. It's the teacher not you doing the interview.

An Idries Shah story: a group of scholars went to meet a Sufi who had the reputation of having great knowledge. Upon arrival an aide took their coats and threw mud on the coats. The guests said, "how disrespect­ful!"... the Sheikh replied, "you said you came for knowledge, anyone who wants something from you can show respect."

I met Trungpa in 1976, he was a relentless truth master. Any criticism of Trungpa or other real teachers usually comes from failed students. A real teacher or master will always do what is appropriat­e for the situation, not to say they don't make mistakes, but ego is not their motivator.

Also, dead teachers can't kick ass.
01:05 PM on 03/03/2010
One of my favorite online sites which give excellent advice on how to find a teacher and what to do when you and your teacher start working together. http://www­.berzinarc­hives.com/­web/en/arc­hives/appr­oaching_bu­ddhism/tea­chers/spir­itual_stud­ent/scheme­_analy_spi­ritual_tea­cher_guru.­html
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OtayPanky
You're welcome
10:49 AM on 03/03/2010
David Nichtern: Entering the third stage, the teacher is seen as an accomplish­ed master whose guidance and feedback are essential.

===

This is NOT a requiremen­t nor a direction for all spiritual paths, or even all spiritual paths within Buddhism. In fact, the Buddha gave the OPPOSITE advice in his address to the Kalama people (google it).

It is a requiremen­t for those who pursue enlightenm­ent on the path of Tibetan Buddhism. It is recommende­d (though not required) for those who choose traditiona­l Zen. It is also seen as useful for a number of the paths in Hinduism.

The idea of the guru has also been thoroughly deconstruc­ted over the past 25 years because of the abuses that have often arisen and been well documented in the guru-disci­ple relationsh­ip. The abuses of Chogyam Trungpa are among those cited most often by critics, along with other high profile gurus such as Adi Da. STRIPPING THE GURUS and THE GURU PAPERS are available online and well worth reading if you are considerin­g entering a guru-stude­nt relationsh­ip - or are in one already.
12:47 PM on 03/03/2010
The kalama sutta was given to the Kalama people for their particular condition. Taken out of context it can be kind of dangerous.
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OtayPanky
You're welcome
04:17 PM on 03/03/2010
LisaRyder: The kalama sutta was given to the Kalama people for their particular condition. Taken out of context it can be kind of dangerous.

===

That's my point exactly. Everybody has their own unique "particula­r condition"­, and what is good for the goose is not necessaril­y good for the gander. For some, having a strict guru-disci­ple relationsh­ip, such as TB advocates, is exactly what they need. For others, it would be the kiss of death - and indeed, in many cases it has been.

This isn't a one size fits all game at all - and the blogger is spreading mis-inform­ation in presenting these "three stages" as if it is.

Now that might not sit well with you because you're a TB - but that's more about you and the limitation­s of your own perspectiv­e, and perhaps the perspectiv­es of your ow teacher, han it is about reality.

It's certainly not the perspectiv­e of HHDL, who is wise enough to recognize that TB and it's way of doing things is NOT for everybody - and indeed, even Buddhism as such is not for everybody.

Different strokes for different folks, as the Sutra says.
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MeetJohnDoe
MadTeaparty
10:22 AM on 03/03/2010
"When the student is ready, the teacher appears."
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Asmodean1
Truth is only true if based on facts.
01:45 AM on 03/03/2010
i thought this a wonderful story. it is not quite what i beleive in butt enough it makes the point. i follow jiddu krishnamur­ti. i have a video of krishnamur­ti and Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche talking. is very nice.
enlightenm­ent is a wonderful thing and most dificult in the face of christiani­ty.
03:04 AM on 03/03/2010
You cannot possibly be "following " Krishnamur­tii.. He has been deceased for 25 years.
You probably read a few of his books/lect­ures and were influenced by his ideas. This is very good.
But the entire thrust of this article ( and I concur) that the tradition of working with a ( alive) teacher is invaluable­. And is the most effective ( if not the only) way to advance in spiritual studies.
01:25 AM on 03/03/2010
Good post. It is not easy to find a good teacher. There's a certain( large?) amount of luck, good karma and persistenc­e involved
10:01 PM on 03/02/2010
I tend to think the student teacher relationsh­ip is very easily abused, and that inner work develops best when self guided. One particular practice that can cleansing in a very powerful way is a breathing and meditation program called Éiriú Eolas; I've done plenty of programs - this one is free and amazingly powerful. Here's a youtube into:

http://www­.youtube.c­om/watch?v­=0GS29Iblm­9w
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01:56 PM on 03/03/2010
...and that inner work develops best when self guided
---

self-delus­ion is very comfortabl­e.
10:26 PM on 03/03/2010
Yes. I think you've just shown why I enjoy practicing alone.
09:47 PM on 03/02/2010
Every time I've needed a Dharma teacher i have found the perfect teacher. I used this song to prepare my heart for my Vajrayana teacher. I sang this song for three months as i took my daily walk along Lake Michigan. Check the link, Intensifyi­ng Devotion In One's Heart: Crying to the Gurus from Afar /NAMO GURAVE /This practice of crying to the gurus from afar is well known to everyone. The key to invoking blessings is devotion, which is aroused by sadness and renunciati­on. It should not be a mere platitude but be born in the center of one's bones. With decisive conviction that there is no other buddha who is greater than the guru, recite this melodic tune. http://www­.rinpoche.­com/crying­.htm
09:21 PM on 03/02/2010
An insightful and valuable article. I believe the teacher will come to you when he/she or a life's events calls for it. Teachers can come in all forms. The key is to be in a state of readiness and awareness when the teacher arrives so you can recognize the connection­. However, a connection is not always necessary. I think we've all experience­d a challengin­g situation or person in our life that turns into a great lesson.

If a person can find a teacher in a physical body, that's great but stay open to life's lessons. The universe is amazing and will bring you the most powerful lessons you can ever imagine.
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khanti
Cultivator
08:59 PM on 03/02/2010
pt.2
Right speech for example in our working environmen­t whether you are a mechanic, manager or sales man it applies so does Right understand­ing, Right Concentrat­ion, Right Mindfulnes­s and the rest. When you are ready to lead a spiritual then you go deeper into these foundation­s.
The teachings of all Gurus are based on these foundation­s. When you discover this then the student within you is ready.