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David Sirota

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Today's Anti-Muslim Bigotry Rooted in '80s Pop Culture

Posted: 03/11/11 12:18 PM ET

NOTE: David Sirota's new book Back to Our Future: How the 1980s Explain the World We Live In Now is out on 3/15. Read USA Today's new cover story about the book here and pre-order the book here.

The least intriguing aspect of Republican Rep. Peter King's congressional hearing this week on terrorism and the "radicalization in the American Muslim community" is the spectacle's obvious hypocrisy. King was himself a cheerleader of a terrorist group (the Irish Republican Army), and his hearings ignore new government statistics showing that since 9/11, right-wing and white supremacist terrorist plots have outnumbered those of Muslims. Indeed, as the law enforcement data prove, if "radicalization" is a concern, it is at least as much of a problem in the ultraconservative community as it is in the American Muslim community.

King has defended his hearing's narrow focus by saying that "there are a small percentage (of Muslims) who have allied themselves with al-Qaida" and that "the leaders of that community do not face up to that reality (and are) not willing to speak out and condemn this type of radicalization." In the wake of Joseph Stack's kamikaze attack on the IRS, Scott Roeder's killing of abortion provider George Tiller, and Byron Williams' Glenn-Beck-inspired terrorist plot (among other atrocities), King should be saying exactly the same thing about his fellow conservatives -- but he's not.

As I said, this hypocrisy isn't interesting because it's so utterly undeniable. However, what is interesting -- and profoundly telling -- is King's explanation for his behavior. He says simply that "It makes no sense to talk about other (read: non-Muslim) types of extremism."

The remark, of course, typifies a broader sentiment in America and raises the most important "why" question: Why do so many like King see extremist acts by non-Muslims as mere isolated incidents that "make no sense to talk about," yet see extremist acts by Muslims as a systemic problem worthy of military invasions and now congressional witch hunts?

The short answer is 9/11 -- but that's oversimplified. Anti-Muslim sentiment was embedded in American society well before that horrific attack stoked a bigoted backlash. The real answer, as I discovered in researching my upcoming new book, is connected to overwrought Reagan/Bush-era pop culture that first equated "terrorist" with "Muslim."

As film scholar Jack Shaheen discovered, roughly a third of the most blatantly anti-Muslim films of the last century were made in the 1980s alone. These movies used sporadic atrocities committed by individual Islamic extremists (the Lebanon bombing, the Berlin bombing, etc.) to demonize all Muslims. Consequently, Hollywood's go-to villain in the 1980s became the Muslim terrorist -- whether it was "Iron Eagle's" unnamed Middle Eastern country or "Back to the Future's" bazooka-wielding Libyans.

Notice that those two movies were aimed at '80s kids who have now grown up. That was the norm with Islamophobic pop culture in the Reagan/Bush period -- and not just in film. Early '80s editions of the G.I. Joe comic book, for example, had the heroes alternately fighting Iranians and "infiltrating a Persian Gulf nation." Likewise, in the lead-up to the first Gulf War, there were Muslim-demonizing board games for kids like "The Butcher of Baghdad" and "Arabian Nightmare." And, of course, there was the World Wrestling Federation, whose preeminent Bad Guy was the keffiyeh-clad Iron Sheik -- described by one wrestling publication at the time as an "evil hitman (who) shows no mercy in terrorist attacks on the USA's best."

And so what started as a cheap pop culture trope in the 1980s has now become the unquestioned assumption -- the assumption that King's hearings clearly appeal to. His inquisition and the sentiment it represents asks us to continue indulging the stereotypes we were sold as kids, and to ignore what should be the most frightening fact of all: the fact that no matter what stories we were told in the '80s, "radicalization" is a systemic problem, and not limited to any one religious minority.

 
 
 

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Tribal Knowledge
Show respect to all people and grovel to none.
09:07 PM on 03/14/2011
Sirota,

While one could make a case for moral equivalence (however thin), one cannot, possibly, make a case of equivalence based upon the danger potential from Islamic attacks.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
IsobelDeBrujah
06:12 AM on 03/15/2011
Because Americans are, and always have been in far more danger from Christian threats than from Muslim threats. As I pointed out previously, Roder, Rudolph, the KKK, the Army of God and their ilk are not only terrorists, they are religious extremists who kill their fellow Americans and justify it using their religion. The true danger and shame, comes from those people who would defend or excuse the American Christian terrorist simply by dint of their religion or their nationality.
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HUFFPOST PUNDIT
billhodges
Self Reliant Yet Charitable
10:02 AM on 03/12/2011
The emotion shown by Rep. Keith Ellison (D-MN) at Rep. Peter King’s (R-NY) Muslim radicalization hearings garnered much attention, and we have a feeling Ellison’s appearance on Real Time with Bill Maher tonight will get its share of play as well. Maher and Ellison had an interesting conversation about Islam (Ellison converted in college) – but perhaps most interesting were the harsh words Maher had for the radical element of Islam…an opinion he had no problem sharing to Ellison’s face (or the screen it was on, anyway).
Maher went off on radical Islam, deeming “the threat, potentially, from radicalized Muslims…a unique and greater threat” – one, he said, that’s in its “medieval era.” In addition, he cited “trying to get nuclear weapons” and a “culture of suicide bombing.”
But that paled next to Maher’s criticism of the Qur’an, which he called a “hate-filled holy book…which is taken very literally” by radical Islamic terrorists.
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Tribal Knowledge
Show respect to all people and grovel to none.
09:00 PM on 03/14/2011
YEP.

He did say that, and he was relentless in backing up his opinion.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
BocaMom
08:51 AM on 03/12/2011
Hello? Remember 9/11? 2,996 Americans died. And this doesn't include the Islamic terrorist attacks and the attempted Islamic terrorist attacks at Fort Hood, Seattle, Times Square, Virginia, Texas, Detroit, Chicago. Yes, most Muslim Americans are not responsible for this and we should not imply that they are. However, we still need to stop the ones that are and the clerics who influencing these young terrorists. Political correctness has run amuck. Americans are dying,
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Tribal Knowledge
Show respect to all people and grovel to none.
09:02 PM on 03/14/2011
Nobody, but nobody is implying that the population of US Muslims are responsible. It is a small(ish) fringe group. BUT, in the US, 20% of Muslim men do admit that they can see the rationale behind suicide bombings.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
IsobelDeBrujah
07:43 PM on 04/15/2011
It's not like they dying is new. Americans have been killing each other for socio-political reasons since we became a nation. Historically, a White Christian American is significantly more likely to be a danger to other Americans than a Muslim of any nationality.
04:43 AM on 03/12/2011
This column is spot-on. In the 1980s, ME violence was seen as the price of empire and tied to circumstance, not to religion. Reagan quietly withdrew after the bombing of the Marine barracks in Lebanon. No President could do so today, because the majority has bought into the idea that there is a clash of civilizations, and Muslims are judged according to a different standard. It is unfair to judge a billion people based on the actions of thousands. I admit to not seeing the bigotry in "Back to the Future" at the time I was watching the movie, but I realized it soon afterwards. I found "Iron Eagle" offensive, but not as offensive as Chuck Norris's ME movies, which were the worst.

It has been a slow process. We are all now under the thrall of religious conservatives, and it's not just us: secular Europe has fallen for the same crazy narrative, that we are in a clash of civilizations. The wars in the ME are about resources, plain and simple. It's pretty clear that religious fundamentalists from all the major religions are prone to violence--why should we just focus on some of them?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Just-a-Guy
03:41 PM on 04/14/2011
There isn't a clash of civilizations???
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JDM73
male, 38, writer/draughtsman/ex-musician
12:16 AM on 03/12/2011
Right on the nose, David. Looking forward to reading the book.
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HUFFPOST PUNDIT
saint bernard mom
and Newfie Gram ♥spay♥neuter♥adopt♥
11:32 PM on 03/11/2011
"Iron Eagle" ? Seriously?
 
My kids were military brats and we always loved that movie. I thought the messages, incorrectly of course, were more about how military kids can just distract Dad and walk off with classified documents, borrow planes, and pull off a major rescue without anyone on base knowing what was going on. Also, Lou Gossett, Jr did a fantastic job helping a young man go through the trials of growing up. I had never even thought of the group that held the Dad hostage as "Muslim", but that the country was run by a military dictator.
 
I thought the hardest thing in the 80's was for the parents who had to put up with the disco music blasting, as my parents had to put up with the Beatles and Elvis.
 
09:56 PM on 03/11/2011
How many Americans have "Right Wingers" and "White Supremists" killed since 9/11?
It doesn't seem like they are actually the chief threat facing this country. A report manufactured by some Czar or Obama crony doesn't change the numbers of deaths by Jihadists vs "White Supremists."
Of course no one is trying to defend the White Supremists. When 3 or 4 of them rob an armored car (more crime than terrorism?) everyone says lock them up. We don't bring politicians in to praise them as a group.
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Tribal Knowledge
Show respect to all people and grovel to none.
09:04 PM on 03/14/2011
Truly, well said.
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LMPE
I connect the most dissimilar things
08:59 PM on 03/11/2011
Someone needs to hold a hearing on the dumbing down of our collective IQ through movies like "Iron Eagle".
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Tribal Knowledge
Show respect to all people and grovel to none.
09:04 PM on 03/14/2011
That movie was dumb then, dumber now.

Though not, I think, as dumb as someone obsessing on it.

Thanks.
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07:21 PM on 03/11/2011
That seems rather bizarre. I hated the '80s and didn't pay any more attention to the Pop Culture then than I ever do.

King is a xenophobic McCarthy wanna be. He should be ignored.
06:35 PM on 03/11/2011
I didn't think it would be possible that all the TV shows from the 80's would end up being so prophetic about the threat to America today.
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03:27 PM on 03/11/2011
Mr. Sirota - Hope you can 'jog my memory' - How many rallies have American Muslims held to specifically denounce all terrorist acts attempted or completed by Non-Radical Muslims? Thanks for the info.
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IsobelDeBrujah
03:47 PM on 03/11/2011
The same number of rallies that American Christians have held to specifically denounce all terrorist acts attempted or completed by Non-Radical Christian terrorists, zero. Thank YOU for providing such a clear example of the hypocrisy that the author is talking about.
09:09 PM on 03/11/2011
Huh? What Christian terrorism are you talking about? The link provided above is filled with totally inaccurate information. Were the Christian terrorist sreaming "Jesus is Great" when they performed their alleged terrorism? Thank you for providing such a clear example of a narrow minded liberal.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Just-a-Guy
03:43 PM on 04/14/2011
False equivalence
06:50 PM on 03/11/2011
Xtree, I hold you personally responsible for Christian terrorism. Because your Christian god spoke to bush and told him to terrorize and murder innocent Arabs and Muslim and you didn't have any rallies denouncing Christian terrorism, I think we should have a hearing about Christian radicalization in US of Israel.
11:54 PM on 03/11/2011
Somewhat incoherent. Might want to read what you wrote before you post it.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Skeptical Patriot
03:20 PM on 03/11/2011
I think the problem is far more subtle. The actions of Muslim terrorists is aimed not at specific sub groups in the US but rather anything associated with the US. It is easy to ignore extremist groups whether they are anti-gov't or groups like ALF, ELF and the environmental extremist groups. They tend to strike at specific sub-groups and are generally not seen as a threat to the country as a whole. The Muslim groups have stated an intent on systemic damage whether it is transportation, biological, or nuclear and as such pose a much greater psychological threat. In addition, the Saudis and others have provided large scale funding of these activities and this is an additional difference between the local groups.

I personally think that the last thing we need is a hot headed politician holding hearings no virtually anything as these are designed to rile the masses on a particular subject, but let's not ignore the differences that do exist between different terrorist groups.
03:17 PM on 03/11/2011
"We live in a society awash with very uneducated people who have a high self esteem and believe anyone disagreein­g with them is an enemy or "trying to trick them" even when the evidence supporting their incorrect viewpoints is spread before them in easily digestible bits."

Sounds like progressives doesn't it?
bmumfie1
The Right is always wrong!
05:06 PM on 03/11/2011
Larry:

Hanging out with Curly and Moe, or what? Progressives aren't the ones who create or believe all the ginned up fear and hatred- vis-a-vis- Islam. It is the crazy, Christian fundamentalists who have created it. Conservatives are the ones who believed every word that Bush said, even though he was lying to us for eight years. If you are going to slam progressives, try to look past your limbic system based emotional reponses, and use a little of your education, if possible.
09:37 PM on 03/11/2011
"ginned up fear" You mean like the 9/11 terrorists, the Fort Hood killer who shouted Allah Akbar , the shoe bomber, the underwear bomber, the Fort Dix 7, the times square wanna be bomber......... You might want to use a little of your education, if possible and look past your limbic system based responces yourself. BTW I don't and never did like Bush. But I thought the Iraq war was great if only to get rid of that murderer Saddam Hussien before he killed hundred of thousands more of his own people. Unlike liberals who sit on the sidelines and let millions get killed in places like Cambodia(Pol Pot), Darfur, Libya(presently) and so on and wait for the ineffective UN pass some horsecrap resolution.
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Tribal Knowledge
Show respect to all people and grovel to none.
09:15 PM on 03/14/2011
Yes, they are, entirely the ones who live - who NEED - ginned up fear, ginned up enemies, ginned up bogeymen.
bmumfie1
The Right is always wrong!
05:18 PM on 03/11/2011
Larry:

Actually, it sounds like conservatives. After all, it is the fear created toward Islam by ignorant, uneducated conservatives that are the root of the problem, not the understanding of the problem by progressives.
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spilkus
I'm in the art world, for Pete's sake.
02:52 PM on 03/11/2011
oooh ooooh, don't forget the video for the Clash's Rock the Casbah. It depicted an hasidic jew and an arab dancing down the road together. It is still etched upon my brain.
07:27 AM on 03/12/2011
No, I think it started before that with the story of "The Thief of Baghdad” or maybe “The Voyage of Sinbad” with those bad Arabs. Yeah, that’s how I was brainwashed. The Clash’s “Rock the Kasbah” only reinforced it
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spilkus
I'm in the art world, for Pete's sake.
02:13 PM on 03/13/2011
You reminded me of that chant from a Beastie Boys song: Ali Babba and the 40 Thieves, Ali Babba and the 40 Thieves. Oh man, this goes way deeper than I ever realized.
02:44 PM on 03/11/2011
So you're saying bin Laden is really a nice guy?
06:55 PM on 03/11/2011
Spoken like a true white supremacist Christian fundamentalist. You killed over a million Iraqis and Afghanis. But I guess 3000 American lives are worth more than over a million Muslim ones.