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Dean Baker

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The Endgame on the Debt Ceiling

Posted: 06/20/11 01:11 PM ET

As we know, President Obama and his team do not appear to be very effective negotiators when it comes to dealing with the Republicans in Congress. Last December, the Republicans forced the president to renew the Bush tax cuts for the rich. More recently, they got him to make $38 billion in cuts to the 2011 budget even though all his economists know that the economy actually needs more stimulus, which more means spending.

Since the president is having so much trouble dealing with the Republicans the rest of us should lend him a hand. One way we can do this is by etching out what the endgame looks like in the battle over raising the debt ceiling.

As it stands now, we are being told that the Republicans are insisting that there will be no increase in the debt ceiling without large cuts to the budget. Since the Republicans won't go along with any major cuts to the military budget, this means big cuts to the rest of the budget.

These cuts would have to include cuts to Medicare and Medicaid, and possibly Social Security as well, since everything else in the non-military portion of the budget does not amount to much. According to this story, President Obama might be forced to make major cuts to the core social insurance programs in order to prevent the disaster of a debt default that would result from not raising the debt ceiling.

However the actual picture is a bit different. There is no doubt that the failure to raise the debt ceiling would be very bad news for the economy. If the government had to default on its debt, it would shake the financial markets even more than the collapse of Lehman in September of 2008. We would see a freeze-up of lending and companies would be forced to dump millions of workers, as they could no longer meet their payrolls.

But, even in this disaster scenario, there would still be a tomorrow. In other words, after the financial crisis, the economy would still be there. We would still have the same capital stock, infrastructure, skilled work force and state of technical knowledge as we did the day before the crisis. The government and the Federal Reserve Board would have the power to reflate the economy to get it back on its feet just as they did when they engaged in the massive spending needed to fight World War II.

While the country will still be left standing after a debt default, there is one important sector that will not be standing: Wall Street. A debt default would almost certainly make all the major banks insolvent as they would have to mark down the value of U.S. government debt, which had been held as a completely safe asset. The loss of value would also apply to all the assets backed by the government, such as the mortgage backed securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.

Even when the economy revived, the U.S. financial sector would never hold the same place in the world as it does today. Without the ironclad financial backing of the U.S. government standing behind them, the Wall Street gang could never again be the dominant actor in international financial markets.

This fact is essential in understanding the endgame on the debt ceiling. Suppose that we get to the dates in August when the Treasury has reached the limit of its ability to shuffle accounts and literally can no longer pay its bills. Secretary Geithner will at that point make an announcement that in three days there is an X billion payment on Treasury bonds coming due. He will say that the government does not have the money in the bank and will therefore have to miss this payment.

The markets will then go into turmoil. We will see the same sort of plunge in the stock market that we saw when the House voted down the TARP the first time back in September of 2008. At that point, the Wall Street boys will be screaming their heads off at Speaker Boehner and the rest of the Republican leadership. The news media would all be running clips with depression footage, telling us that another Great Depression looms just around the horizon.

In this context the Republicans will do exactly what they did with the TARP. They will cut deals, make the threats and do whatever else is necessary to round up the votes needed to raise the debt ceiling.

When everyone remembers that this is what the endgame looks like, they will realize that there is no need to put essential programs like Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid on the chopping block to get Republican support for raising the debt ceiling. The gun is pointed most directly at Wall Street's head, and this incredibly powerful lobby is not going to let Congress pull the trigger.

This means that at the end of the day, President Obama holds the cards. He could say that he wants a clean debt ceiling bill and no deals on cutting back the country's key social insurance programs. Of course, that may not be President Obama's agenda.

 
 
 
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04:26 PM on 06/24/2011
Mr. Baker, what you seem to fail to realize is that by raising the debt ceiling the United States IS defaulting on its debt. Where do you think it's going to borrow the money from? The answer is the the Federal Reserve who is running the printing presses not stop to buy up the Treasuries no one else once. The result is a declining US dollar and debt that becomes worth less to the lender when it comes time to pay it back. Would you lend someone $1,000 knowing that when you get your principal back it will only buy $800 worth of stuff?

Raising the debt ceiling is like a shopaholic who has maxed out their credit cards going to the bank and asking for an increase in their credit limit with the promise to the bank that their kids and grandchildren will pay back the debt for them.
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Patriot86
Compassion is the basis of all morality.
09:12 AM on 06/27/2011
You have no understanding of economics....none.
07:32 PM on 06/27/2011
That's a very compelling counter-argument.
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Tim303
10:27 PM on 06/23/2011
well said
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lcr999
scientist
08:09 PM on 06/23/2011
"In other words, after the financial crisis, the economy would still be there. We would still have the same capital stock, infrastructure, skilled work force and state of technical knowledge as we did the day before the crisis. "

What a silly statement. We still have the same infrastructure and workforce that we had in 2007 also. That doesnt mean that the economy wont crash for a long time. Unfortuneately, with a debt default, there will be PERMANENT damage to the US credit rating and the position of the US dollar as the world's reserve currency. The result will be significantly higher interest payments on the national debt.

The actions of the Republicans in this situation almost amount to TREASON as they are threatening to permanently damage the security of the US.
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Tim303
10:27 PM on 06/23/2011
I agree
09:48 PM on 06/26/2011
Baker is saying that Wall Street would not let it go that far. Just as the House of Representatives changed its mind and decided to pass TARP after having rejected it earlier, in the same way, Wall Street would force Congress to pass a clean debt ceiling increase if that was what was necessary.
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01:07 AM on 06/22/2011
"President Obama might be forced to make major cuts to the core social insurance programs in order to prevent the disaster of a debt default that would result from not raising the debt ceiling. . . But, even in this disaster scenario, there would still be a tomorrow. . . after the financial crisis, the economy would still be there. . . . This means that at the end of the day, President Obama . . . could say that he wants a clean debt ceiling bill and no deals on cutting back the country's key social insurance programs. Of course, that may not be President Obama's agenda."

Of course it's not his agenda; you must be dreaming, so:

Throw him under the bus, Gus,
Make some new plans, Sam,
Don't need to be mean, Dean,
Just listen to me.
Your whole plan is a scam, man,
It won't work as you plan, Bam
When 2012 is at hand, damn,
We're gonna set you all free.
09:56 PM on 06/21/2011
Bill Bonner said, "The trouble with the financial catastrophe of ’07-’09 was that there wasn’t enough of it. ... Instead of letting disaster wipe out all the bad investments, bad investors, bad bankers, and bad businesses, the feds pumped in money to keep them going. Well, guess what? They’re still going!" Meanwhile, since the financial sector no longer supports the real economy, no one else recovers. He concludes: "perhaps its time to let the calamity happen. There are several brick walls approaching. Let’s aim for one of them and see what happens." In other words, an artificial recovery is artificial because we haven't had the full crash and erasing the fraudsters on Wall St. sounds like an interesting option.
08:47 PM on 06/21/2011
Democrats need to get serious about putting some major stuff on the table to avoid default. How about a flat tax of 10%, no deductions, no exceptions, no tax credits. Make it a Constitutional Amendment, replcing the 16th, and immune to Congressional tinkering in the future.
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Tim303
10:28 PM on 06/23/2011
How about not that. How about the rich pay their fair share for living here?
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WFWS
Proud Liberal
05:51 PM on 06/30/2011
That's just ridiculous. REPUBLICANS are the ones that need to put up or shut up. You can't be serious about our deficit problem if you aren't willing to end tax cuts for the wealthy. But Republicans can't even see their way to ending the most obvious tax loopholes- the low hanging fruit of deficit reduction. No thinking person sees Repubicans as SERIOUS on deficit reduction- what they are angling for is a way to FORCE the end of our social safety net. End medicare as we know it, and then head straight for Social Security. That's what this entire deficit noise is all about.
Look at what Republicans DO- not what they SAY and its never been more clear what they are about.
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MoreFreedom
08:30 PM on 06/21/2011
"Republicans forced the president to renew the Bush tax cuts for the rich" How funny, Obama didn't veto this bill, he signed it. I guess Boehner was there with a pistol in his pocket, "forcing" Obama to sign, or else.
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Patriot86
Compassion is the basis of all morality.
09:15 AM on 06/27/2011
He signed it to avoid a government shut down which would damage the economy...but now it is time to call the GOP bluff and tell them no.
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Schalaine
We are women. We vote.
11:20 PM on 06/30/2011
Yeah...he was kind of. Remember Republicans would not extend unemployment benefits to several million Americans unless they got the Bush tax cuts through. When you tell the story, tell all the story.
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doneflyin
my micro-bio isn't
07:43 PM on 06/21/2011
"Of course, that may not be President Obama's agenda"

That's correct. It isn't. He and the Democrats work for the same corporate interests as the Republicans.
That's where all the campaign money comes from.

They still need us to vote. We get to change the players which gives the illusion of some say so in our governing. But the reality is the system stays intact.

And it's nice work if you can get it.That's why elections are so ruthless. All that power, all that money. If they're not millionaires when they enter public office, they are when they leave.
If they want to increase their porfolios even more, they can go to work as a lobbyist
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Joe Neri
04:47 AM on 07/01/2011
Actually, that's not quite true. The Democrats do work for Wall Street but the Republicans work for the fossil fuel industry. This is a war between Money and Commodities. Unfortunately, civilization relies on both.
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unionave
Old Codger
06:31 PM on 06/21/2011
There are several words used by flimflammers that are strictly for the ears of dummies , and one of the words is "entitlements" . If they are referring to Social Security or Medicare both of those programs are bought and paid for annuity and Medical insurance programs and neither have anything to do with the general funds . In fact , those programs loan money to the US government . Wall Street does not call their health insurance or annuities "entitlements" .

During the last administration the Republicans dropped the wrecking ball on every part of the American economy they had access to . They did not have access to these two programs and if allowed to destroy (and they will destroy them) these programs they will have destroyed all of the Democratic public protection programs . Opening the last door to public gouging by the corporations .
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skylark
Tangled up in blue..
09:07 PM on 06/23/2011
Destroying Social Security, Medicare, Unemployment Insurance and the minimum wage are absolutely the republican agenda - their goal is misery for everyone who isn't extremely rich.
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unionave
Old Codger
10:27 PM on 06/23/2011
f/f ! I totally agree with you .
05:45 PM on 06/21/2011
Yes! Let's play chicken with the nation's credit! And then let's have an old-fashioned pissing contest about social issues! What joy! I must tell my elected Representative and Senator to put in for bonuses for all the good work that they are doing for America!
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Patriot86
Compassion is the basis of all morality.
09:16 AM on 06/27/2011
Tell your GOP reps, you want a clean bill.
04:19 PM on 06/21/2011
Just what I suspected.
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Agathon
Wherever you go, there you are.
04:10 PM on 06/21/2011
how about a few scheduled "spending strikes" where as many citizens as possible refrain from spending a single penny for a few days to show the wall street effers who has the power.
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SpinDizzy
This Space for Rent
03:06 PM on 06/21/2011
Yeah, Obama's such a lousy negotiator, the Republicans "got him to make $38 billion in cuts to the 2011 budget." Except when the dust settled, the actual cuts, as computed by the CBO, came to $352 million, which is chump change in anybody's federal budget book. And the chumps were the Republicans, not Obama and the Democrats.
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banterboy
Enjoy yourself, its later than you think.
02:56 PM on 06/21/2011
This is a very academic and cavalier description of economic armageddon. The seizure of credit markets in wake of Lehmans collapse, and the threat of AIG's bankruptcy was a quaint drizzle compared to the nightmare that would emerge if the US defaults on its debt. People somehow have this notion that defaulting on our debt would be a gesture of fiscal discipline. Our credit rating would be destroyed, the interest on our debt would sky rocket, and the dollar would collapse - along with equities (a rare combination of market movements only prompted by phenomenal stupidity). Wall Street meanwhile, would be changed, not obliterated, since half of them would know how to trade these events to their benefit... while the rest of the country suffers from an unfathomable combination of inflation and economic destruction.
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Patriot86
Compassion is the basis of all morality.
09:17 AM on 06/27/2011
Then why do the GOP threaten this? A clean bill...the time for budget negotiations and cuts is during the budget not now.
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banterboy
Enjoy yourself, its later than you think.
04:35 PM on 06/28/2011
Agreed, and that really should be the end of the posturing. There's no actual need for a vote on the debt ceiling. Congress appropriates its budget and the treasury department is responsible for managing resources. A vote on the debt ceiling is like a vote on what you already agreed to spend in appropriations. The GOP use the threat to appease the Tea Party, and because they understand the regrettable truth, that Democrats suck at negotiating and invariably cower to Republican bullying.
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Agathon
Wherever you go, there you are.
02:56 PM on 06/21/2011
Join a CSA, start a garden, learn to raise animals, homeschool your kids... whatever. This is The Master / Slave dialectic mentioned by Hegel. The slaves are in charge if they disavow the master's authority. Screw wall street, and screw our consumption based way of life. let it burn.

Perhaps this would be a blessing in disguise by getting Americans to correct dysfunctional behaviors and attitudes. Once credit vanishes, and once Americans realize that our economy is not guided by benevolence, perhaps then uncontrolled consumerism will abate. By separating wants from needs and providing as much for ourselves as we can we can cut the head off the snake (wall street).

I'd rather see the whole thing collapse soon so that we have time to rebuild a society and economy that is in everyone's interest. A society that is practical and sensible, as opposed to one that equates wealth and possessions with happiness. A society that is not content with plundering the Earth's finite resources just because it satisfies us now.

The way we live now is untenable.
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03:21 PM on 06/21/2011
Um, sure Agathon. Let's shutter the cities and teach everyone to be a subsistence farmer.
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Agathon
Wherever you go, there you are.
03:50 PM on 06/21/2011
no, no... lets just let things go down the unsustainable path we've put ourselves on, write apology letters to our progeny in advance and, when the time comes to perish, shrug our shoulders and say we tried. Yeah, i was mistaken, sorry.
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Agathon
Wherever you go, there you are.
04:14 PM on 06/21/2011
FYI: a CSA is "Community Supported Agriculture". purchasing sustinence from community members and local farmers rewards the right people and excludes speculators and middlemen.
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skylark
Tangled up in blue..
09:10 PM on 06/23/2011
Sorry, but I don't think you are a very realistic person....