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Dennis Santiago

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Credit Unions Just Got a Little More Transparent

Posted: 06/01/2012 9:31 pm

In December 2009, my friend Arianna Huffington called with this idea to educate "ordinary" people about the financial system. At the time, I directed Institutional Risk Analytics to prepare and launch a pro bono zip code tool to search for best of breed small and mid-sized banks. We called that project "Move Your Money". The tool has been running ever since and, as of today, has been used over 1.3 million times and counting.

For people needing detailed information about banks, the "Move Your Money" tool is backed up by a commercial system that extracts professional analytics from IRA's Professional Bank Monitor risk analysis engine and packages into an online shopping cart for consumers. The cart system itself owes its origin to a challenge from the good folks at CBS Evening News back in 2008 to explain the arcane world of banking in terms consumers could do something with at a reasonable price compared to what one charges a Wall Street investment house for such math grinding information. Distilling thousands of reporting numbers into simple letter grades was the result.

From the outset of "Move Your Money", consumer demand to see performance and risk information on credit unions came roaring through the grapevine. People love credit unions which they see as a socially responsible alternative to being a bank customer. What's not to like about a place that calls your deposit dollar a "share" in the collective.

But it takes time to study these institutions behavior patterns and the patterns of their regulating authority, the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA). The rules are different and the metrics are not directly comparable to the norms and expectations imposed on banks by the Banking Act gaggle of regulators at the FDIC, FFIEC, OCC, OTS and Fed. For long-term solutions to a long term crisis, I decided it was better to take the time to study things in a considered fashion. And that included a painstaking process to gather an understanding of what systemic issues credit unions pose.

Strangely, professional demand for transparency about credit unions remains nil in the world of Wall Street. No traded securities you see. But competitively, banks have noted that an increasing number of credit unions have taken on business models that compete directly with community banks for the same customers and that's begun to make them want to get a bead on these competitors a might more.

So after much bleary eyed staring at NCUA 5300 reports and talking to all manner of people about what keeps them up at night about credit unions, on June 1, 2012 Institutional Risk Analytics released our first credit union performance summary reports into our online tools systems. There are roughly 6,100-plus of them spanning some large institutions to truly small credit "unions" in the original sense of the description of these entities. Like IRA's bank engine, coverage is 100 percent. If it reports to its regulator, there's an IRA report on it. What does a portion of one of these look like?


Sample
as of December-2011

Profitability IndicatorROANet IncomeTotal Assets
GOOD PERFORMANCE0.82%$280,496$34,331,846
Business
Analysis


Efficiency Heat Map IndicatorAVERAGE
Efficiency Ratio135.01%
Non-Interest Expense
$732,625
less Assessments
NCUSIF Insurance
$0
Corp CU Stabilization
$67,645
Other Member Ins.
$9,000
divided by
Interest Income
$1,070,968
less Interest Expense
$799,101
plus Non-Interest Income
$214,020

Business Efficiency Ratio tests the cost of operating versus available income. Lower numbers are better.
Lending


Lending as % of Assets
28.29%

Troubled Lending Heat Map IndicatorLOW
Trouble Rate1.55%
Texas Ratio0.44%
Over 60 Days Delinquent Amount
$150,256
Total Lending
$9,712,738

Texas Ratio Denominator Items:
Member Shares$29,636,652
Undivided Profits$0
Intangible Assets$4,286,671
Prov. for Loan Loss$41,272
Negligible Exposure
Investing

Investing as % of Assets
66.71%

Return on Investments
1.49%
Income from Investments
$341,518
Total Investments
$22,903,437
Portion of CU Investments that are Deposits in Commercial Banks, S&L's and Savings Banks
$21,705,000
Corporate
Credit Unions


Corporate Credit Union Exposure as % of Assets
3.80%


Assets at Corp CU's
Cash Deposits
$1,305,722
Member Capital
$0
Paid-In Capital
$0
Other Investments
$0

Borrowings from Corp CU's
Corp CU Credit Line
$0
Borrowed, LOC
$0
Borrowed, Term
$0
Temporary Corporate Credit Union Stabilization Fund Assessment
$67,645
Credit Union Service Organization (CUSO)

Investments in CUSO's
$0
Amt. Loaned to CUSO's
$0
Aggregate Cash Outlay in CUSO's
$0

A CUSO is a subsidiary of the CU that handles loan, credit card and other servicing functions.
Source: IRA/NCUA 5300 Reports

With this first iteration of IRA analytics, you can see if they are making money. Not all do. You can see what their cost of doing business looks like. You can get a picture of their lending base, any trouble that may be in it, and how well protected the members are from troubled loans. You can see how much they are investing and, of those investments, how much are actually deposits in the banks. You can see how exposed they are to a somewhat troubled group of entities known as Corporate Credit Unions that require special assessment stabilization subsidies to stay afloat right now. And you can see to what degree they have certain types of key subsidiary investments in something called a Credit Union Service Organization (CUSO), these are entities similar to the mortgage and credit card servicing units at banks. Some of the measures we have synthesized appear like the bank measures used by IRA. This is to help professionals analyze and compare CU's to banks more easily. No it was not easy to get them to be somewhat comparable given the differences in regulatory philosophy in play.

What does appear to emerge is that credit unions are on average somewhat more expensive to operate than banks. Many of them are stellar operations worthy of people's money. Still, not all of them are well run businesses but then again neither are all banks. Management philosophy runs the gamut and their asset allocation strategies are as varied as their bank cousins. The bottom line is that it is not a homogeneous industry and the industry deserves as much scrutiny by its members as banks do by their customers. As of today, it's not as opaque as it used to be.

Note that for the time being, the quality filter strips out the riskier banks from the zip code lists that marks the consumer protection aspect of the "Move Your Money" tool remains disabled for credit unions in the MYM free site. The MYM Courtesy CU finder tool shows all of them. I'm still working on that part.

 

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In December 2009, my friend Arianna Huffington called with this idea to educate "ordinary" people about the financial system. At the time, I directed Institutional Risk Analytics to prepare and launch...
In December 2009, my friend Arianna Huffington called with this idea to educate "ordinary" people about the financial system. At the time, I directed Institutional Risk Analytics to prepare and launch...
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Stoopid American
Trooth, justice, and the American way ...
11:35 PM on 06/03/2012
My credit union is non-profit, and publishes its finances to all its members. Why should it be any other way?
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jat49
Could never be a righty
08:14 AM on 06/03/2012
I'll take my credit union over a big bank any day.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
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dadw5boys
Disabled Vietnam Vet
07:59 PM on 06/02/2012
My largest concern with Credit Unions is when the fiance large notes like, where does the money come from ?
Do they sell the mortages to private investors or are the actually an orginator for Banks ?
I have a deep gut feeling that Banks are like snakes hidden in there sonewhere.
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HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
LHoney
REINSTATE GLASS STEAGALL!!!
02:59 PM on 06/02/2012
I have belonged to a credit union since I was born. My mother worked for Ma Bell before I was born and so had an account with their credit union. When I was born, she opened an account for me. I still have the account and we did use it for our last car loan, but they are not located conveniently for me to "transfer our money." Recently, our bank (a local mid-sized bank) sent a notice saying they were going to charge us $25 per month for our checking account unless we had $8000 in savings/checking at all times. We don't, so... I looked into the only credit union that is close enough for us to use conveniently. However, like most credit unions, you must work for certain companies in order to join. We don't work for member companies, but I did learn that if we join our local food coop ($20 per year), we can join the credit union. I joined the food coop yesterday. I would love to shop there, but their prices are a little high for us. In a few days, I'm going to start "moving our money" over to this credit union and I'll be sure to tell my bank (that I have been with for 15+ years) the reason why we are leaving. Wish me luck!!
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Dennis Santiago
Asymmetric Provocateur
10:24 AM on 06/03/2012
One more notation. I'm not sure that this strategy by the mid-size banks doing this is good for them in the long run. While it sheds some costs, it also makes them more vulnerable to predation from each other. And the competition among this group is presently a fierce zero-sum game. There will be some grand winners and losers coming out of it as the decade plays out. Adding to their peril, the most aggressive seekers of new small business lending out there right now are actually the biggest banks.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Dennis Santiago
Asymmetric Provocateur
10:36 AM on 06/03/2012
$8K is a strong message. You've run into a phenomenon at mid-sized banks that is a migration deeper towards "private and business banking". They are deliberately shedding consumer accounts to focus on a smaller customer base of the well to do and business owners. It started as a "flight to quality" in the aftermath of the 2008 crisis an manifests mainly as very high minimum balances required to obtain fee free services. Business owners are allowed to combine their personal and company accounts and easily meet the minimums.

What this is doing is pushing consumers towards community banks that do offer services at lower minimum balances, credit unions which are similarly structured, and -- oddly enough -- to the biggest banks who can also offer reasonable packaging because they have the economies of scale to do so.
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HEXYEBO
What time is it ? Same as usual
01:52 PM on 06/02/2012
Here's wake up call. You 're not very likely to get a competitive car or house loan from your credit union.
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HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
LHoney
REINSTATE GLASS STEAGALL!!!
02:53 PM on 06/02/2012
That is not true. When we bought our last car, we shopped everywhere and ended up at our credit union because they had the best rate.
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HEXYEBO
What time is it ? Same as usual
03:39 PM on 06/02/2012
You needed to shop more.
obviously, the best new-car rates-- always-- come from the manufacturer's financing ( Toyota credit, Ford credit etc).
No credit Union can come even close.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
RhiannonRings
Childfree and loving it!
01:48 PM on 06/03/2012
Just bought a new Mazda. Their rate was lower than my CU...
04:04 PM on 06/02/2012
We got a very competitive home loan from our credit union. Larger Credit unions can and to offer them along with Auto loans. Remember you are an owner in the credit union and they treat you better also. Most have online banking and there is a network of ATM's that are no charge to the credit unions members. This makes them more than competitive on all fronts. For those who don't have a branch locally the credit unions usually participate in a cooperative where another CU branch can help you. You just need to ask.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
drumz
The less you know the more you believe.
12:54 PM on 06/02/2012
So how am I supposed to read that chart?
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HEXYEBO
What time is it ? Same as usual
01:51 PM on 06/02/2012
You're not. You're suppose to just move your money for ideological reasons, and hope for the best.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Dennis Santiago
Asymmetric Provocateur
02:07 AM on 06/03/2012
Good question. In this case, which is a real CU with the name sanitized for publishing purposes, it says this.

1. The CU operates in the black with a tiny net profit. This is typical for a CU.

2. Operational efficiency is average for a CU. It's a little on the high side but that is also typical for these entities.

3. Lending comprises only 28% of asset use. This is a fairly small percentage for a CU. Note that troubled loans are low which indicates this CU is likely discerning as to what loans it does make.

4. Investing takes up 2/3rd of the asset employment and of that virtually all of it is deposited in banks. That's over 50% of the member's shares.

5. The CU has exposure to Corporate Credit Unions and has been paying subsidy assessments to help keep them afloat.

6. With no CUSO of their own, this CU relies on outsourced infrastructure for it's servicing processes. Based on asset deployment, this could be a combination of CCU and/or bank computers providing the IT.

There's no judgement one way or the other here. The objective is to improve transparency. This particular CU won't lose your money. The question "Is this the credit union for you?" is a personal one. It could very well be or it might not. That's something for each individual to decide.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
oldwolf49
Religion is a tool of the evil.
08:33 AM on 06/02/2012
This article is a non-starter, big banks are the problem, credit unions are by definition owned by the members. If the members fail to know it is their own fault, big banks do what they want and no one can know.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Dennis Santiago
Asymmetric Provocateur
11:35 AM on 06/02/2012
I thought that too before I started to look into this. But it turns out most credit union members did not have visibility on how their CU deploys their shares. In recent years, a number of credit unions have ceased to be the communal groups they started as and have changed their charters to be more like community banks, and attendant costs and profitability issues have arisen as their business focus has changed. Members have become customers.

All in, there are over 7,000 banks and 6,000 credit unions in the United States. Are these smaller ones as big an economic driver as the top 20 mega-banks? Taken all together, the answer is yes. They are a diffuse but vital alternative to the TBTF's for consumers and as such the riskiness of these alternatives does seem to warrant better monitoring than has been available so far.

It's not always about pursuing the television ratings story when it comes to making grassroots change.
07:24 AM on 06/02/2012
There are credit unions on Air Force bases that charge higher interest than the ones in town, off base. Should that happen?
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HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
LHoney
REINSTATE GLASS STEAGALL!!!
02:54 PM on 06/02/2012
Sounds like more corporate welfare.
10:59 AM on 06/03/2012
It's sounds like opportunism, but how do you get the connection between a credit union charging a higher interest rate and corporate welfare? Or are you assuming that the government is either paying the higher rate or forcing those that live on the base to choose the credit union with the higher rate?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Stewart Goss
Evil requires the sanction of the victim -Ayn Rand
01:06 AM on 06/02/2012
I could care less how transparent they are, I'm not forced to do business with them.

But...I do care about how transparent government is, and no business would ever be allowed to do what they get away with.

Of course, nitpicking on business is important, after all they earn money, never mind a govt. that is 16 trillion in debt and how that will affect us.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Dennis Santiago
Asymmetric Provocateur
10:06 AM on 06/02/2012
I pick on that too. Government is actually quite transparent about the fact that it is hopelessly conflicted. :)
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IslamicPacifist
Her body- Her choice- Her problem.
04:18 PM on 06/02/2012
Re-posted from my feed because there is no reason for it to be removed.

"So in other words you're not disturbed by rip off, deceit, and
loss of your capital...you're only opposed to it when
government does it. Right"