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Dr. Joseph Mercola

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This Antioxidant Can Smash Insulin Resistance and Autoimmune Disease

Posted: 03/26/10 09:38 AM ET

I first became aware of the alpha lipoic regimen by Dr. Burt Berkson in the late 90's. Early on in his career, while an internist, he was given several patients who were expected to die from hepatitis C. His job was more or less to simply baby sit them in the ICU and watch them die.

But Dr. Berkson was a rebel at heart and he simply couldn't do that. Instead he called an associate at the National Institutes of Health and found out how he could treat them. He learned that alpha lipoic acid had some impressive experimental support. Remarkably, although these patients were expected to die within a few weeks, they all completely recovered!

However not all went well for Dr. Berkson. As he made his superiors look foolish, they simply could not tolerate that so rather than embrace his findings, they actively suppressed the results and made his life miserable for showing them up.

This was a pivotal moment in Dr. Berskson's career and caused him to make choices that eventually led to where he is at now. Since then, Dr. Berkson has lectured all over the world on this topic, and published a study on the use of antioxidants for the treatment of hepatitis C.

His first book, The Alpha-Lipoic Acid Breakthrough was published in 1998.

As many of you already know, I am not fond of recommending many supplements, but I do believe that antioxidants make sense for many of us.

Why You Need Antioxidants

Your entire body, including your DNA, is under endless, daily assault from a variety of sources, from poor diets to pollution. Think of your cells, including your brain cells, each getting hit by free-radicals thousands of times a day. This violent process is called "oxidation," which damages your cells.

Enter antioxidants. They include vitamins and other nutrients that target free radicals.

Food, particularly fruits and vegetables, is a powerful source of these valiant protectors, and your body produces some itself. Their role is to limit the damage to your cells, which can slow down disease and signs of aging.

In the case of alpha lipoic acid, your body does produce it in minute quantities, but most of it comes from your diet. Some of the best natural sources include grass-fed red meat and organ meats.

The Benefits of Alpha Lipoic Acid

Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) has many functions, but it's one of the most effective free radical scavengers, and the only one known to easily get into your brain.

It also has the ability to regenerate other antioxidants such as vitamins C, E, and glutathione. So, when your body has used up these antioxidants, if there's ALA around, it helps regenerate them.

You may not know this, but glutathione is another very important antioxidant. You can get it from supplements, but the only form that works effectively is the reduced form, which is difficult to absorb when taken orally. It is much more cost effective to supplement with precursors, or items like alpha lipoic acid that regenerates glutathione.

Alpha lipoic acid also recycles coenzyme Q10 and NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).

But, if that wasn't enough, this powerful antioxidant is also:

  • A great modifier of gene expression to reduce inflammation
  • A very potent heavy metal chelator
  • An enhancer of insulin sensitivity

The benefits of ALA can appear near miraculous. For example, according to Dr. Berkson, Russia has successfully used ALA intravenously to reverse ischemia reperfusion injuries by injecting it right after a heart attack or a stroke.

And people with diabetes or metabolic syndrome tend to do much better when taking lipoic acid, as it enhances insulin sensitivity.

There's even been quite a bit of research showing it can restore T cell function. T cells are a type of white blood cells that are of key importance to your immune system, and are at the core of adaptive immunity, the system that tailors your body's immune response to specific pathogens.

What Health Conditions Can be Treated With Alpha Lipoic Acid?

Clinically, alpha lipoic acid seems to be a useful supplement in treating hepatitis C. It can also be used for painful nerve conditions in diabetes, and may help slow down the aging process itself through its reduction in free radicals.

Dr. Berkson uses ALA along with low dose naltrexone (LDN) for the reversal of a number of more serious health conditions such as:

  • Lupus
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Dermatomyositis (an inflammatory muscle disease)
  • Autoimmune diseases

Most of his patients normalize in about one month on this combination of ALA and LDN.

What is Low Dose Naltrexone?

Naltrexone (generic name) is a pharmacologically active opioid antagonist, conventionally used to treat drug and alcohol addiction -- normally at doses of 50mg to 300mg. As such, it's been an FDA approved drug for over two decades.

However, researchers have found that at very low dosages (3 to 4.5 mg), naltrexone has immunomodulating properties that may be able to successfully treat cancer malignancies and a wide range of autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's, fibromyalgia, and Crohn's disease, just to name a few.

As explained on the informative website www.lowdosenaltrexone.org, when you take LDN at bedtime -- which blocks your opioid receptors for a few hours in the middle of the night -- it is believed to up-regulate vital elements of your immune system by increasing your body's production of metenkephalin and endorphins (your natural opioids), hence improving immune function.

Can Alpha Lipoic Acid Help Your Workout?
Alpha lipoic acid can be a potent aid when you exercise vigorously.

In my interview, Dr. Berkson gives an anecdotal story about a friend - an international weight lifting champion -- who regularly uses ALA prior to meets.

Unfortunately, there are no set guidelines on dosage and timing. It can be highly individual, and is something that requires a little bit of trial and error in order to get it just right.

But if you suffer from any of the conditions listed above or diabetes it would certainly seem like a useful supplement to consider.

Dr. Joseph Mercola is the founder and director of Mercola.com. Become a fan of Dr. Mercola on Facebook, on Twitter and check out Dr. Mercola's report on sun exposure!

 

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I first became aware of the alpha lipoic regimen by Dr. Burt Berkson in the late 90's. Early on in his career, while an internist, he was given several patients who were expected to die from hepatitis...
I first became aware of the alpha lipoic regimen by Dr. Burt Berkson in the late 90's. Early on in his career, while an internist, he was given several patients who were expected to die from hepatitis...
 
 
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12:58 AM on 04/02/2010
Interesting article. I'm curious about this claim: "ALA intravenously to reverse ischemia reperfusion injuries by injecting it right after a heart attack or a stroke."

Did you mean to write that ALA 'PROTECTS' cells from reperfusion injury or REVERSE??

The free radical initiated oxidative damage to DNA and other cellular proteins is reversed by ALA? Please elaborate.
01:58 PM on 04/01/2010
Publishing new-age anti-scientific crap like this makes it impossible to trust the intellectual honesty of the entire site.
02:12 PM on 03/30/2010
Hmmm . . . if it is good for insulin resistance, could it be used for PCOS, with Metabolic X Syndrome?
I'm highly allergic to Glucophage/Metformin, which is what is used to treat PCOS, so my only options are natural: adding chromium, zinc, multivitamins with B complexes, CoQ-10, chaste tree, etc . . .
The insulin resistance is the major issue with PCOS, and weight is almost impossible to control unless the insulin issue is under control.
11:37 PM on 03/29/2010
I am currently a patient of Dr. Berkson. I was diagnosed with dermatomysitis in October of 2004. My treatment was transferred to a rheumatologist. Under his care for three years I endured several drugs and their side effects, Pregnasone with it's weight gain and personality altering, Cellcept, Methodrexate with it's liver destruction, IGIV with violent reactions coming close to death, Remicade, which in my system became an excellerate to cell breakdown. At this point I elected to change my care to Dr. Berkson. I am happy to report that within 6 weeks of his treatments of ALA and 4.5 mg of LDN repression of my disease began. Within 8 months, full remission was achieved and has stayed thus for a year and a half. I will also state that at onset of Dr. Berkson's treatment my liver function had deterioated from the previous care but was back to normal within a year. I can not say enough about this course of treatment, it has done the seemingly impossible. Yet,it was so simple. 4.5 mg of LDN per day and infusions of ALA on a regular basis has my recovery going strong. Muscle regeneration is about 85% at this point and the rash is in remission also.
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bleedingheart9
one small step for man...
11:50 PM on 03/28/2010
Sounds great, but 5-hour energy is on sale down at the mini-mart.

Seriously, change your diet. Antioxidants are in the fresh fruit and veggie isle.
Put down the pizza and processed garbage. Then you may not need medical attention - as early, that is.
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brooklyncitizen
Soror quaerens lucem
02:09 AM on 03/29/2010
unless you make your own veggie pizza.

what is in that 5-hour energy drink? scary!
04:23 PM on 03/28/2010
I shared this column (and my comment) with Dr. Berkson yesterday. He asked me to add the following:

“a) Dr. Berkson's does not suggest that anyone use ALA without B-complex vitamins and without close monitoring by a knowledgeable doctor. And he does not think that a person should treat their liver disease by themselves. If someone is interested in ALA protocols, they should consider googling 'Berkson BM.' Or they may want to go to the National Library of Medicine website (PubMed) and type in 'Berkson BM.' Dr. Berkson uses the extensive scientific knowledge that he obtained from his Ph.D. education in addition to his MD training in his practice.

“b) Dr. Berkson readily admits that his use of Low Dose Naltrexone resulted from learning about it from a patient, who had been treated by Dr. Bernard Bihari. Dr. Bihari is considered the pioneer of using LDN to treat autoimmune diseases in humans. Dr. Ian S. Zagon did most of the theoretical work on LDN in the United States.”

In closing: I am writing a book about 4 inexpensive treatments the medical profession ignores, in favor of more toxic, expensive, pharmaceutical-company-based treatments. Two of the treatments in my book are Intravenous ALA and oral LDN.

Again, please read my interview with Dr. Berkson:

http://www.honestmedicine.com/2009/03/burt-berkson-md-phd-talks-with-honest-medicine-about-his-work-and-our-medical-system-the-interview-t.html

Julia Schopick
http://www.honestmedicine.com/
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PuSencer
Where are we going in this handbasket?
11:23 PM on 03/28/2010
how exactly does naltrexone, an opiate antagonist and essentially a long acting naloxone, help in autoimmune disease?
01:40 AM on 04/02/2010
Naltrexone causes mu-opiod receptors on lymphocytes to upregulate (more receptor/protein is synthesized and sent to the cell surface). From what I've read , the increased or upregulated mu-opiod receptors on the cell surface of lymphocytes, in short, modulates (strengthens) immune function.

Interestingly, and maybe expected after the above, the opiod agonist morphine has the opposite effect and reduces immune function.
01:00 PM on 03/28/2010
Nothing should be discarded until proven to be worthless.

http://eye-on-washington.blogpspot.com
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GetRidOfWires
Science is not a liberal conspiracy.
09:39 AM on 03/28/2010
Oh please, not again. This kind of undocumented, unscientific crap just preys on the public. You want us to believe you, Dr. Mercola?

1. Quit posting stuff like "However not all went well for Dr. Berkson. As he made his superiors look foolish, they simply could not tolerate that so rather than embrace his findings, they actively suppressed the results and made his life miserable for showing them up." That is BS. Maybe this kind of behavior took place in the early 1900s, but no more. It's far more likely that his findings were not reproducible or were unethically conducted.

2. Subject your data to a randomized, double blinded trial with enough patients to generate meaningful statistical power. No anecdotes, no small trials. The NIH or even a pharmaceutical company should be ready and willing to sponsor such a trial, if it is as promising as you claim. Publish the results in an actual medical journal like the New England Journal of Medicine.

If you do a Medline search on Dr. Berkson's publications, guess how many he has? Exactly one, entitled "A conservative triple antioxidant approach to the treatment of hepatitis C. Combination of alpha lipoic acid (thioctic acid), silymarin, and selenium: three case histories." THREE CASE HISTORIES? That's your miracle documentation? Please.

3. And please, if you want to be taken seriously as a man of science and not a huckster, no more f this crap: "The benefits of ALA can appear near miraculous."
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JenniferEccles
God gave rock and roll to everyone
10:49 AM on 03/28/2010
Regarding paragraph number 1. This sort of behaviour goes on in medicine and other fields [prosecutorial misconduct comes to mind]. Here's another little example. About 10 years ago, my dentist, a very bright guy, told me I had a #6 gum pocket and should have gum surgery. Periodontists make their living by surgically removing part of your gums [by the way, you need your gums]. I sat in the periodontists chair where he explained how bacteria created the pocket.

Logic told me that if I had bacteria and could kill the bacteria then the pocket would reduce. My dentist said "I have never seen a 6 pocket go back to a 4". and I said to my dentist "you have never had me try before. please keep an open mind". To his credit, he did. I used tea tree oil and took co-enzyme Q10 supplements.

My next checkup was 3 months later, and the pocket was a 4. Instead of congratulating me and asking me how I was able to do this, so that maybe we could help other patients avoid gum surgery, he simply rolled his stool toward the door and went to his next patient, leaving me with the hygienist.

Do you get it? I made the dentist look foolish and therefore he could not embrace my findings!!

getridofwires, you are naive.
12:50 PM on 03/28/2010
You're confusing your experience with evidence. Evidence, in scientific terms, means it happens the same way when you factor out random noise. That's why you need many data points. You have one data point -- it's entirely possible that the supplements you took did nothing and there was some other factor involved.

More importantly, why didn't you get a second opinion? If you think your doctor is full of it you should talk to another doctor.
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GetRidOfWires
Science is not a liberal conspiracy.
08:32 PM on 03/28/2010
Did he "actively suppress[ed] the results and made [your] life miserable for showing them up"? No doctor in their right mind would do that. It's easy to pretend that a doctor or dentist has such a giant ego that they can't stand to be wrong, but if a real, true, reproducible way to help patients has been found, every doctor would be thrilled to be wrong. The story of Semmelweis is standard teaching in medical school.
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evekendall
12:38 PM on 03/28/2010
"When a true genius appears in this world, you may know him by this sign, that the dunces are all in confederacy against him." - Jonathan Swift
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mofmars333
03:40 PM on 03/28/2010
That's the truth, all right.
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GetRidOfWires
Science is not a liberal conspiracy.
08:35 PM on 03/28/2010
“The practice of medicine is an art, not a trade; a calling, not a business; a calling in which your heart will be exercised equally with your head. Often the best part of your work will have nothing to do with potions and powders, but with the exercise of an influence of the strong upon the weak, of the righteous upon the wicked, of the wise upon the foolish.” - William Osler
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jgarma
01:29 AM on 03/28/2010
What makes alpha lipoic acid particularly potent -- and scientist believe will improve longevity -- is combining it with acetyl L-carnitine. This company was built upon this research: http://juvenon.com/

Personally, I've been using this combination, along with several other promising life extension supplements, for many years. Who knows... maybe it's helping.

Quality is key, though, and for that one needs to have the whole diet thing, attitude, exercise, cleansing and relationships dialed in, as I often write about, such as in this post:
http://www.garmaonhealth.com/2009/10/my-approach-to-health/

Yep.
10:09 PM on 03/27/2010
Six months ago I tried my first ALA pill (Having read an article that praised its anti-oxidant properties) and it made me so unusually sick that I started doing more research on it.

I came across information that stated it was a great mercury chelator, and that silver fillings are 50%mercury and that people that grind their teeth, like I used to, can get mercury poisoning from that. I had many, many symptoms of mercury poisoning .

That was the beginning of the end of fourteen years of chronic illness and pain. I went to the dentist, have all my amalgams (20) replaced with white fillings and started taking ALA 100mg twice a day and later on I found a 24-hour timed released ALA of 300mg, but as of today all I can stand if half a pill daily.

It hurt like hell at the beggining, but now I am almost symptom free. I am planning on going back to work in a couple of months, I am exercising daily. It could have qualified as a medical miracle if a Dr. would have come with that solution, but non of the four doctors and the dentist that I regularly saw, ever ever made a comment of fillings having mercury and mercury causing intoxication. The intoxication was pretty obvious, I had a rash that looked like I had eaten something foul.

ALA saved my life!
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Scott Mendelson, M.D.
07:37 PM on 03/27/2010
Excellent article, Dr. Mercola! You do a wonderful job educating the public as well as the medical community. What I wanted to add, because I don't believe I saw it mentioned in your article, is that alpha lipoic acid is a natural substance in the human body, that is, the body produces it's own supply of the substance. However, supplementing with the natural r-alpha lipoic acid form can be helpful, as the body may not produce an adequate supply. Thanks for your excellent work!
Scott D. Mendelson, M.D., Ph.D.
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Star2000dancer
Pay it forward, the movie..
08:00 PM on 03/27/2010
Fanned
11:15 PM on 03/27/2010
It does say it, last paragraph under "Why You Need Antioxidants":

"In the case of alpha lipoic acid, your body does produce it in minute quantities, but most of it comes from your diet. Some of the best natural sources include grass-fed red meat and organ meats. "
doctorzap
Lies to the left of me, jokers to the right...
07:16 PM on 03/27/2010
I was diagnosed with Crohn's disease thirty-five years ago. For the first twenty years, I used steroids (prednisone) to control the symptoms. But that's all it did. Then, after some research, I quit taking the pred and switched to re-fortifying my immune system instead of suppressing it. The Peruvian herb uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw) turned my life around. About seven years ago, I also started taking AMP molocure, a highly concentrated form of the medicinal compound that makes aloe work. Besides these, I take a grapeseed extract, vitamin supplement, D3, MSM, and other supplements when I feel I need them.

What I'm getting at here, is that it's better to practice preventative medicine than reactive. People would find that keeping your immune system strong will lead you to better health in the long run. ALA is just the tip of the iceberg. Do your own research and find out more. That's the beauty of internet search engines.
04:50 PM on 03/27/2010
Dr. Mercola:

I am so glad to see this posting about Dr. Burt Berkson. I feel fortunate to consider him my very good friend.

I just want to make two points, which I think are very important:

a) Dr. Berkson's success with ALA is primarily with INTRAVENOUS ALA. I would therefore warn people to NOT think that oral ALA will cure their liver disease. They should call Dr. Berkson's office, and consider going to him for treatment. (He is an amazing doctor.)

b) Dr. Berkson readily admits that his use of Low Dose Naltrexone resulted from learning about it from a patient, who had been treated by Dr. Bernard Bihari. Dr. Bihari is considered the pioneer of using LDN to treat autoimmune diseases.

I am writing a book about FOUR Lifesaving, Inexpensive treatments that the medical profession ignores, in favor of more toxic, more expensive, pharmaceutical-company-based treatments. Two of the treatments I am writing about are Intravenous ALA and oral LDN.

Dr. Berkson's wonderful interview in which he explains how he was introduced to LDN is here, on my site.

http://www.honestmedicine.com/2009/03/burt-berkson-md-phd-talks-with-honest-medicine-about-his-work-and-our-medical-system-the-interview-t.html

Dr. Berkson is a great man. So is Dr. Bihari.

Thanks.
Julia Schopick
http://www.honestmedicine.com
04:36 PM on 03/27/2010
Plain ALA is only partially effective. I believe you need R-ALA.
Google the difference.
It leads one to wonder why the distinction is made in the article.
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1johnf
What would Studs say?
01:21 PM on 03/27/2010
The physicist, Richard Feynman said, "Science is what we use to keep from fooling ourselves". The advances of science and medicine in the past centuries have been made through use of the scientific method. I do not think that abandoning that to our wishes for a magic bullet is the right thing to do.

As W. Edwards Deming said, "In god we trust, all others will have to have data".
12:52 PM on 03/28/2010
Feynman. So quotable.