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Eduardo Diaz

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The Complexity of Latino Diversity

Posted: 01/19/12 09:03 AM ET

The other day I ran into colleagues at the soon-to-be National Museum of African American History and Culture. We share offices in the same Smithsonian building and check in occasionally. "So," I say, "When are you going to start taking care of my Dominican peeps; they're African Americans, you know." They looked at me bemusedly. Sensing I had some explaining to do, I rattled off that Dominicans are the largest African- descended U.S. Latino population group, that the reality of 178th Street and Broadway (New York's Washington Heights neighborhood, and the largest Dominican aggregation in this country) is a far cry from that of Altos de Chavón, DR, and that Afro-Dominicans in this country have, in large measure, contextualized their homeland's peculiar view of africanidad--you may be India Canela (Cinnamon Indian) in Santo Domingo, but you are Black here. My underlying plea, given their African American reality, was that we needed some help in exploring these implications as part of our ongoing efforts to serve the Dominican community.

My interest in africanidad, a foundational notion of African miscegenation in the Americas, is nothing new and, no, I was not moved by the UN's designation of 2011 as the International Year for People of African Descent--it will take more than a lifetime to fully explore, understand and celebrate all that African-descended peoples have contributed to our shared American (continent, not country) history and culture. It began when, as a child, I quizzed my parents about how they fell in love during the 40's Mambo craze (mambo means "conversation with the gods" in Kikongo, a principal language of Central African slaves taken to Cuba), continued when Francisco Aguabella, famed Afro-Cuban percussionist, joined Carlos Santana's band, and was really driven home with the National Museum of Mexican Art's watershed 2005 exhibition, "The African Presence in Mexico: From Yanga to the Present." I'm of Mexican heritage, tied to a country with supposedly minimal African legacy--this despite the fact that during Colonial Mexico there were more Africans (slaves, of course) than Europeans. What happened to all of them after independence from Spain and the abolition of slavery? Hmmm...

A recent acquaintance asked me what my greatest work challenge was. I quickly responded--understanding and managing cultural diversity. Not the expected response from a cultural worker of color like myself. The above rumination on africanidad is tied to the iterative exploration of Latino identity, which is African, Christian, Gay, Indigenous, Muslim, European, Jewish, Asian and "other"--some or all in one person, in one family or in one community--all the time. The Latino population continues to grow and to be enriched by this amazing mix. These complex, unexpected and daily confluences and collisions, and the communities and vernacular cultures they yield, are not easy to understand, manage and interpret, but that's our job--the challenge that we at the Smithsonian Latino Center cherish, relish and wrestle with each day. We are blessed to have this opportunity.

Last October, we lost Piri Thomas, one our most eloquent voices. Born to a Puerto Rican mother and Cuban father, Thomas knew New York's Spanish Harlem well and, in his volume, Down These Mean Streets, one gets a glimpse of his life's challenges, which, while special, are also communally held by many in our community. From him we also derive inspiration to move forward with our important shared or individual enterprise. From his poem, "Born Anew at Each A.M.":

The streets got life, man,
like a young tender sun,
and gentleness like
long awaited dreams to come.
For children are roses with nary a thorn,
forced to feel the racist's scorn,
Our children are beauty
with the right to be born.
Born anew at each a.m.
Like a child out of twilight,
flying toward sunlight,
Born anew at each a.m.

As we move forward in this New Year, may it be so. Ashé.

 
 
 
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12:58 AM on 01/27/2012
Great article! The complexity of and diversity within the Latino population never ceases to amaze me.
03:17 AM on 01/23/2012
Thank you for your article and the sad news of piri Thomas. I didn't know of his death, Sad, very sad.
05:06 AM on 01/20/2012
During the 1930's one of the greatest poets writing in Spanish, Luis Pales Matos, wrote poetry where the particulars of Caribbean Spanish were used in this literary genre. Few outside of academic circles know of this innovative and daring use of dialectical differences. And why is this? Because the particulars of Caribbean Spanish are and were determined by African influences, and, while in Latin America the linguistic indigenous influences have been studied, praised and publicly disseminated, the African influences cotninue to be ignored.
12:19 AM on 01/20/2012
The American experience is to divide not only by color, but class and continent the same peoples in different boxes.
12:04 PM on 01/19/2012
Is that really accurate? "Dominicans are the largest African- descended U.S. Latino population group"? I thought there were more Cubans than Dominicans in the US.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Nuyorican21
MALDEF Law Clerk
01:29 PM on 01/19/2012
"African-descended" is probably the racial distinction. I guess the author's claim is that most of the Cuban population in the US lacks enough African genetic ancestry to outnumber afro-Dominicans. At a cursory glance its probably accurate.
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Eduardo Diaz
05:47 PM on 01/19/2012
Dear Ms. Peralta: Thanks for reading my post; much appreciated. While I believe there are, as you indicate, more Cubans than Dominicans, I feel pretty confident that Dominicans constitute the largest Afro-Latino group, per se, in this country. Thanks again for reading and responding.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
BlairCase
12:01 PM on 01/19/2012
Hispanic diversity would get a lot less complex if you stopped insisting that people who come from countries where Spanish is the dominant language should be treated differently than people who come from countries where English, French, German or Italian or the dominant languages. Spanish is just another language.
mira chancleta
No ball-balancing, clapping, belching seals!
05:27 PM on 01/19/2012
...you make a good point...but for what it's worth, 1 of the reasons this doesn't happen is that the onslaught of geographically remote Belgian, Tibetan or South Africans is not really a problem

And even though "spanish is just another language" it IS the language of the overwhelming MAJORITY of America's uninvited "guests"...stop by any free clinic in the ENTIRE country for that reality check or dial any credit card company and wait for.... "Press 2 for Spanish", if the message isn't totally clear.

The REAL point is that America's view of ANYONE who speaks spanish is that we are:

1. all the same
2. all are illegal
3. all have no clue about our history
4. all can't wait to get here to mow lawns

A little bit of honest understanding of exactly who we are and how different we are from each other (racially, ethnically, culturally and politically) would be a good start, but as long as home-grown "latino" panderers are stuttering into their megaphones, that isn't going to happen until someone shoves those megaphones down their throats and sends them back to finish their GEDs on taxpayer-funded scholarships..
10:08 AM on 01/19/2012
Chicano pride, latino pride, Hispanic pride. First you're latin, then you're Aztec, then Native Ameridan and now BLACK? Why aren't Mexicans ever content with being Mexican?
mira chancleta
No ball-balancing, clapping, belching seals!
11:00 AM on 01/19/2012
Hey. alpy, how did your post get in and mine that was way more tame, was blocked?
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Nuyorican21
MALDEF Law Clerk
01:27 PM on 01/19/2012
Because this article's not talking about Mexicans.
mira chancleta
No ball-balancing, clapping, belching seals!
05:17 PM on 01/19/2012
...back to the Bronx papi.

I'll let you know when your "input" is needed.
But don't hold your breath, I know you're busy being a "nuyorican".
Que poca cosa eres.