iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Ellen Galinsky

GET UPDATES FROM Ellen Galinsky

The New Male Mystique -- It's No Joke!

Posted: 07/ 5/11 04:54 PM ET

Men are experiencing increasing work-family conflict, more even than women.

In 1977, 34% of employed men living with at least one family member reported that their work and family responsibilities conflicted with each other "some" or "a lot." By 2008, that number had climbed to 49%. And for fathers in dual-earner families -- their work-family conflict has increased from 35% in 1977 to 60% in 2008, while that of mothers in dual-earner families has stayed statistically the same, now at 47%.

Fathers' work-family conflict at 60%, mothers' at 47%.

I remember the very first time I shared these findings from the 2008 National Study of the Changing Workforce conducted by the Families and Work Institute (FWI) -- our ongoing nationally representative study of the U.S. workforce. It was at a seminar of business leaders who focus on work-life and workforce diversity issues. The business executives at this seminar literally laughed. They were so focused on the fact that the advancement of women into executive ranks seemed to be stalled that a concern about men and their work-family conflict seemed like a joke.

Since that seminar, researchers at Boston College and at WFD and the Alliance for Work Life Progress have probed what's going on with men and work life conflict and we have continued to dig into our dataset too. We just released a report called The New Male Mystique.

In our new report authored by Kerstin Aumann, Kenneth Matos and myself, we have begun to uncover what's behind these increases. It is:

  • Working long hours: Among the 38% of men who work 50 or more hours per week, 60% report experiencing some or a lot of conflict. Surprisingly, it's not the hours spent on child care or even housework by men, but hours spent working that affects work-family conflict.
  • Working in demanding jobs: Among the 22% of men with very demanding jobs, 61% experience some or a lot of conflict.
  • Being work-centric (which means putting work first): Among the 29% of men who prioritize work over their personal or family lives, 62% experience high conflict.
  • Simply being a father in a dual-earner couple, 60% of whom feel conflicted.


The finding that has received the most media attention is that fathers in dual-earner couples are working longer hours than men their ages without children. In fact, they work three hours more a week than men without children. More two in five (42%) work 50 or more hours a week, compared with one in three men their ages without children.

And that's where the joking begins again. Since the study came out, I have heard people say, "Well, no wonder men are working more hours. They want to escape from their families."

It reminds me of public hearing around the time family leave legislation was being debated. People asked why men should have parental leaves: "They would probably use parental leaves to play golf." I even heard it suggested in a mid-western state -- far from the land of alligators -- that men would use leaves to go "alligator hunting."

Of course, we all -- men and women alike -- sometimes want to escape from family life. But our data reveal that men really want to be more involved with their children and families. They are spending more time with their children than men did in the past. And even 31% of women say that their husbands take as much or more responsibility for their children as the women do, up from 21% in 1992.

In the national study, men who were working more hours then they wished (54% of men) were asked why they did so. Overall, 47% say that they need the money, 16% say they couldn't keep their jobs if they tried to reduce their hours, and 14% say that they need to work hours to keep up with the demands of their jobs. In an economy where men's wages have remained flat or declined slightly and where jobs are increasingly insecure, men want and need to be good breadwinners as well as involved fathers.

Today, men are experiencing what women experienced when they first entered the workforce in record numbers -- the pressure to "do it all in order to have it all." This is the essence of the "new male mystique."

We are hopefully learning not to joke (or make assumptions) about women's need to provide for their families economically and be involved parents. We likewise shouldn't joke (or make assumptions) about men's need to be involved parents and provide for their families economically. It is no joking matter!

 

Follow Ellen Galinsky on Twitter: www.twitter.com/ellengalinsky

 
 
  • Comments
  • 50
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Recency  | 
Popularity
04:18 PM on 07/07/2011
I'm lucky enough to have one of these workdads at home. I always thought he was a rare breed. glad to find out otherwise.
http://mynewdirection.wordpress.com/2011/07/07/our-workdad-score-one-for-the-hometeam/
02:57 PM on 07/07/2011
As a working father of three in a high-pressure job, I feel the push-pull of demands between work and home; and, the associated undercurrent of guilt that comes with it becuase I can never achieve that balance that I so desparately crave. It is comforting to know that I'm not alone in those feelings. I'm excited to see this conversation come to the forefront of the discussion.

I look forward to reading more about this topic - I, for one, would like to figure out how to have it all. I hope a wave of discussion starts from this, but balanced and objective. Like most Dads I know, I don't want an emotional debate about it - I just want to fix it!

In the mean time, here are some additional links to resources that are discussing this topic. Check out http://www.worklifefit.com/ where Cali Yost and her team are contributing thought-leading content on the topic. Also, check out http://www.newworkorder.com where myself and Brad Lawless have a couple of timely posts on Dad's struggling with work-life-fit issues.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
11:09 AM on 07/06/2011
Equality in the stress department perhaps?

Given that parents work eleven more hours a week than they did in the 1970s, I am willing to concede that some fathers may feel as stressed out as mothers, but not more so. Women still spend about the same time with their children as mothers did in the 1950s. Last year’s Pew Research study, “The Demography of American Motherhood,” points out that in terms of actual hours of child-care and household responsibilities, when both parents work outside the home, women spend 28 hours per week with their children while men average 16 hours per week. The Institute hour finding for dads’ time with children was slightly higher—“3 hours per workday (on average) with their children.” It is true that caring fathers spend more time with their children than in previous decades, but I am not convinced that their stress exceeds women's stress and related work-life conflicts. Susan Newman, Ph.D.
02:26 PM on 07/06/2011
OK......you're still the bigger victim. Chuckle.
DrSnuggles
You label me and I'll label you
02:35 PM on 07/06/2011
Not to suggest the rest of your post is not true or invalid (as a matter of fact I'm sure it is both true and valid), but;

"Women still spend about the same time with their children as mothers did in the 1950s."

Considering the increase in the number of working mothers since the 1950's, this is actually impossible. Unless you are suggesting that mothers in the 1950's were somehow lazy when it comes to childcare.
09:57 AM on 07/06/2011
Outsourcing has taken its toll on good wages. Good paying labor jobs for men are becoming scarce. Not all men want to work in an office, but do because thats what pays these days. What's the secret. Be happy with a smaller house. Drive a less prestigous car. Save and invest for the future. Don't waste thousands of dollars on things like cigarettes. This puts less pressure on working 60-70 hour a week jobs to have it all.
photo
dikedrummond
Struggle Free Midlife Crisis Expert
08:39 AM on 07/06/2011
I can totally understand the results of your report - makes total sense when I look at my own life experience as a man and that of my male friends.

AND it is fascinating how quickly everything turns to really poor jokes that demean the role of men in families ... 30 seconds of reflection and out pops "Yeah ... they are just working more to get away from the kids." That kind of joking is sexist bullshit.
AND in just 6 comments we are down to "All men need are Food, Sex and Sport" and then arguing over the order. WTF

Is there no forum to discuss the male side of gender roles and raising families?

REAL MEN want to provide for their families. They want to play a role in raising their kids. Neither one of those is easy. Both together are a difficult balancing act ... made even more difficult by the stereotype of the knuckle dragging, beer swilling, football obsessed, womanizing "male".

THAT is a sitcom stereotype of a dumbed down pseudoman.

REAL MEN work all day, come home to change the diapers and coach the pee wee soccer team. They do their best to play an active role in the family. THEY ARE THE SILENT MAJORITY.

Real Men ... stand up and take part in this discussion.
Real Women ... let's have a conversation

My two cents,

Dike
Dike Drummond MD
http://www.threehourmidlifecrisis.com
11:53 AM on 07/06/2011
In my single-income household, I spend my non-earning hours entirely on family and household activities. I do the laundry, shuffle the wee one to school, etc. I always have, and always will. It's a choice -- and, as Dike Drummond observes, it's a common one. It is disconcerting that the pressure that entails is discounted. It is as if there's a social prejudice that allows dismissing the effort because "raising the family" isn't a traditional male role. I've observed this ambivalence is so strong in popular culture it can make a man fall into a much narrower role than he wants, precisely because the combined stresses make it feel like a worthless effort to be more. People will praise you if you work 60 hours a week, but they dismiss the value of the 20 hours you spent reading to or playing with your kids. And yet, it's the latter involvement that shapes the future.

More specific to the core of the article is that even with its recognition of the male role shift, it reinforces the prejudicial idea (not intentionally, I suspect) that the primary concern of all/most men is earning a living. Yet, as roles have changed, and expectations with them, we've embraced those changes and our focus has shifted with those changes.
Genders
Love, Tolerance, Enlightenment
09:05 PM on 07/06/2011
FF. All the citizens are being reduced to serfdom, so she mocks the men.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
cornedog
AA+
01:48 AM on 07/06/2011
That was a great article and it made good sense in it's entirety. Men are indeed struggling now. They only comprise about 42% of all college students, receive only about 20% of the financial aid (at my college and others I've read about) and have higher drop-out rates, etc. There is a new glass ceiling and that is "getting men through college" without the advantages that a single mother or other perceived disavantaged person would have. Check the facts yourself!!

I think that men are being thrown away by society at every level and that can't end well. In the colleges I've attended, very few women were in my engineering classes and a society cannot survive on social workers alone. I think it's time to focus on getting and keeping young men in our colleges, realizing a father's worth in a family, and as the author suggested, lightening their load at work a little.

I am one of four males in my district of 250 employees and speaking for myself only, I have been asked to work much longer shifts than my co-workers because they had to do something with the kids, or the family, etc. In my business, males are not usually given that consideration,,,I've had to demand it, and that's my suggestion to any father out there: DEMAND IT....the women are getting it.

Again, great article and the author is correct,,,Houston, we have a problem.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
N Timothy Aho
12:39 AM on 07/06/2011
http://www.psy.fsu.edu/~baumeistertice/goodaboutmen.htm

Is There Anything Good About Men?
Roy F. Baumeister

You’re probably thinking that a talk called “Is there anything good about men” will be a short talk! Recent writings have not had much good to say about men. Titles like “Men Are Not Cost Effective” speak for themselves. Maureen Dowd’s book was called “Are Men Necessary?” and although she never gave an explicit answer, anyone reading the book knows her answer was no. Brizendine’s book “The Female Brain” introduces itself by saying, “Men, get ready to experience brain envy.” Imagine a book advertising itself by saying that women will soon be envying the superior male brain!

Nor are these isolated examples. Eagly’s research has compiled mountains of data on the stereotypes people have about men and women, which the researchers summarized as “The WAW effect.” WAW stands for “Women Are Wonderful.” Both men and women hold much more favorable views of women than of men. Almost everybody likes women better than men. I certainly do.

My purpose in this talk is not to try to balance this out by praising men, though along the way I will have various positive things to say about both genders. The question of whether there’s anything good about men is only my point of departure. The tentative title of the book I’m writing is “How culture exploits men,” but
photo
jf12
Esta vez saldré como las otras y me escaparé.
12:35 AM on 07/06/2011
It's never been a joke. "It's work all day for the sugar in your tay", except now you don't get tay and now you don't get sugar either.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Sister Bluebird
10:54 PM on 07/05/2011
Perhaps there would be more progress in dealing with this issue by focusing on it as Time Poverty rather than gender inequality.
Genders
Love, Tolerance, Enlightenment
10:40 PM on 07/05/2011
Yeah that's hilarious, all of us are being systemically reduced to serfdom and slavery and you mock the men. wow.
photo
HUFFPOST COMMUNITY MODERATOR
moonflowerjewelry
Buy American made, no excuses.
12:30 AM on 07/06/2011
I couldn't agree more... fanned and faved
photo
jf12
Esta vez saldré como las otras y me escaparé.
12:36 AM on 07/06/2011
Wage slaves and mortgage bondmen can't be free.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
provgrays1
08:38 PM on 07/05/2011
It's not about having it all in 2011 for most.
It's about having enough.
09:58 PM on 07/05/2011
Yes. Whoever wrote this sacrificed accuracy -- and a strong piece otherwise -- for an attempt at glib: Author, take another look at the cost of groceries for three or four, and utilities and gas, not to mention the cost of daycare, braces and college tuition. No respite in site for nearly all families; it take two incomes just to stay afloat.
photo
robadeaux
Your labels have expired....
11:10 AM on 07/06/2011
With all of that you're still better off than the vast majority of the population of this planet. So far anyway. How long will it be before there are bombs being dropped in your living room, or there are no groceries on the store shelves, let aalone expensive groceries. Empires have fallen before, dark times have come around... and will again.I am sure that there have been many times throughout history, for instance at the zenith of the Eastern Roman Empire, (to name just one) where for a hundred years and more the population had it pretty good... plenty of food, relative freedom, security from invasion... all of that. Still eventually the dark times come again. It is the cycle of life.
Life has it's pain, enjoy the ride or bitch about it, either way we all end up dust.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
provgrays1
12:44 PM on 07/06/2011
DogDancer,

Well said.
thebigbike
ran away to be a cowboy
08:16 PM on 07/05/2011
Well, Susan Faludi, whose feminist credentials are, I believe, well regarded began to examine this phenomenon in her excellent study "Stiffed, The Betrayal of the American Man" published in 1999. It well repays reading, both as background and analysis. Essentially, he economic structure of modern American business and industry no more favors men over women, but exploits both in overlapping ways.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
neight
06:38 PM on 07/05/2011
its sad that in thirty years "do it all to have it all" went from being an expression of optimistic freedom to an expression of pessimistic wage-slavery
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
thatsNotWhatIHeard
some people want tacos, others want ALL the tacos
08:20 PM on 07/05/2011
Ugh, soooo true!
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Sister Bluebird
10:56 PM on 07/05/2011
If we are too tired and impoverished to think, we will be too busy to vote or to protest. Funny how that works out!
05:56 PM on 07/05/2011
The continuing destruction of the ability of americans to take care of themselves, to support themselves, to live freely and independently (in other words, a middle class lifestyle) by conservatives is going to require some major changes in life outlook and expectations for younger people. Ironically, these coming required changes (required if people don't want to have to work until 83 before they can retire) will help ease the work-family conflict. First: Younger people are going to have to resign themselves to not having children. It's unfortunate, but the way the middle class is sinking makes it unrealistic for any but the well off to have children. Second: Buy a house of no more than roughly 1000 sq ft. without kids that shouldn't be a problem. These two steps alone will help to reduce the work-family conflict and still allow for the possibility of a decent retirement after a decent working life.
photo
robadeaux
Your labels have expired....
08:33 PM on 07/05/2011
Without children who is going to take care of you when you're worn out from a life of slave wages?
Oh, thats right... NOBODY.
photo
french queen13
my beloved is mine and I am his
10:29 PM on 07/05/2011
Having children is no guarantee of being looked after in old age.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
09:10 AM on 07/06/2011
So the idea, then, is to arrange your life so that someone is there to hold your hand when you're dying? That's pathetic. I didn't choose to be dropped onto this planet, but I'm sure as hell going to be the one who chooses how I spend my time here. Man is the only species that gets to decide whether or not it wants to reproduce, and I've chosen NO. I'll take my chances with old age--I'm going to die regardless of whether someone is standing next to my bed when it happens...
10:00 PM on 07/05/2011
Also, group living in communal homes with peers will be necessary, most likely. I'm leading edge Gen-X, and I've talked about this at length with younger, trailing edge peers. We all know what time it is -- or soon will be for most of us.
05:16 PM on 07/05/2011
There is no male mystique

Males are easy to figure out

We require 1- Food, 2- Sex, and 3- Sport
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
Militant Leftist
American seditionist
05:47 PM on 07/05/2011
I disagree slightly 1-Sex, 2-food, 3-sport.
05:53 PM on 07/05/2011
Yeah that sounds better
06:19 PM on 07/05/2011
Wrong.

1. Sex
2. Food
3. Sex
photo
solid
Just North of the Center Independent
06:57 PM on 07/05/2011
You have it wrong too:

1. Sex
2. Food
3. Sex while watching sport.