iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Fahad Faruqui

GET UPDATES FROM Fahad Faruqui
 

Guantanamo: Using Religion as a Tool for Torture

Posted: 05/06/2012 9:01 am

2012-04-30-370213gitam1335448591805640x480.JPG

Speaking to former Guantanamo detainee 727 was like talking to a prisoner of Azkaban, that terrible prison guarded by soul-sucking Dementors from J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter series. Perhaps the image of a Dementor sucking out happiness from one's body will help you visualize the torture detainees between the ages 13-98 have endured since the prison camp opened its gates to enemy combatants and terror suspects in 2001.

This is the story of Omar Deghayes, a British-Libyan who spent nearly six years at Guantanamo. He narrates the ordeals he faced from the time he was picked up from a rented villa near Liberty Market in Lahore to when he was finally set free.

Deghayes' struggle against government authorities started long before he reached Guantanamo. He was a mere 10-year-old boy living in Libya, when his uncle received a call from Muammar Qaddafi's loyalists telling him to claim the dead body of his father, a solicitor who had been disliked by the regime. The family was put on the exit control list. If they had to leave Libya, even for medical purposes, one family member had to stay back as a "hostage." When Deghayes was 17, his family managed to escape by forging travel papers and sought political asylum in Britain.

In the U.K., the family settled in Saltdean. At college Deghayes studied Law and, while his family had also been highly secular, it was during his undergraduate years that his interest in the Islamic legal system and religion peaked. While still at college, he travelled to Bosnia for volunteer work and the experience had a profound effect on him. "It made me think of injustices, oppression, people being killed and human rights," said Deghayes.

After finishing a Legal Practice Course in England, he took a break to visit friends in the Far East. He went first to Malaysia and then travelled across Pakistan. Once he reached Peshawar, he discovered that he could easily cross the border and go to Afghanistan. He had always been intrigued by the country and was curious to see how Shariah was being interpreted under Taliban rule.

"You cannot rely on U.K. or U.S.-based media, especially when it comes to Islam. If something doesn't suit their interest, they will brand it as extreme and fundamentalist," he said. "I wanted to see for myself what was happening in Afghanistan."

This was the decision which would eventually land him in Guantanamo.

In 1999 he crossed into Afghanistan. Once there, he married an Afghan woman and tried to set up a legal consulting office in Kabul. His wife gave birth to a baby boy on Sept. 24, 2001, just 14 days after the event that would change his life forever.

Then came the U.S. invasion, and he desperately tried to shift his family to a safer place.
"Our house was very close to the airport in Kabul," he said. "And [U.S. forces] planes were
dropping bombs on civilians."

They first shifted to Laghman, but when the bombings intensified, they left Afghanistan for Lahore. He was in Lahore for four months, during which time he tried to find ways to get a passport made for his Afghan wife, who had never had any identification documents.

One day, nearly 50 armed men with the slogan "NO FEAR" emblazoned on their jackets stormed into his villa, handcuffed him and took him to a fortress-like prison in Islamabad. During this period of incarceration, he was taken to a house to meet officials from U.S. and U.K. agencies before being transported back to prison. This happened numerous times.

"They'd ask questions like: Why were you in Afghanistan? Where were you in Afghanistan? Did you meet Osama bin Laden? Do you know anyone from al Qaeda?" said Deghayes.

In Islamabad, he also met a woman, who seemed higher in rank than those who'd been previously interrogating him.

"This woman said something about the Taliban mistreating women and that Islam teaches its followers to mistreat women. I didn't like that, so I answered back saying: 'Islam doesn't tell its followers to mistreat women. We protect them and look after them. And treat them as if they were very precious,'" said Degahyes.

After this it was decided that he would be dispatched to Bagram. The former detainee is of the opinion that the Americans had been paid to bring in any man of Arab descent in Pakistan, who had visited Afghanistan. A few days later, he was taken to the airport in Islamabad and handed over to the marines for transfer.

"It was not like the pictures you may have seen, which show a row of people tied down to the floor," he said. "The way we were transferred, we were many, many people on top of each other like cargo and then chained to the floor and blindfolded."

In Bagram, every time prisoners were caught speaking, they would be chained to the mesh in a stress position. Their head would be covered with a black hood. "There were times we would collapse from suffocation," he recalls.

Day and night he was interrogated by British intelligence, FBI and CIA. "I was forced on my knees and beaten during those interrogations," he said bitterly.

Frightened and unsure of what would happen to him, he would throw-up whatever he ate. He was transported to another prison camp, a long journey spent in hallucinations brought on by weakness and exhaustion.

"And then we were in Guantanamo," he said with a sarcastic laugh.

Like everyone else in the prison, detainee 727 lived in solitary confinement, in a three-by-two-meter cabin, for the first month. Because he would not take abuse without striking back, he endured the harshest treatment, spending most of his five years and seven months at the camp locked up in isolation.

During interrogation, they would have him stand in stress positions for hours on end. These positions ranged from tying his hands to his feet so that they touched the floor, to a standing position in which they would tell him that there was live wires attached to hand, and if he moved he would get electrocuted.

"You would be hooded," explained the former detainee, "so you wouldn't know what was happening in the room."

Whether it was Bagram or Guantanamo, the questions asked were the same: "Why were you in Afghanistan? Where were you in Afghanistan? Did you meet Osama bin Laden? Do you know anyone from al Qaeda?"

The abuse continued outside the interrogation rooms as well. Once, an officer crushed his finger in a door, and held on to it, hoping to make him scream. Deghayes suppressed his pain, unwilling to allow the officer the pleasure he would get from his screams of agony.
"I lost my finger -- I have iron pieces in it and I can't bend it properly."

Another time, they broke his nose while raining kicks on his face with their boot-clad feet.
To set an example to the other prisoners for fighting back, the guards gouged not just Degahyes' eyes with their bare fingers, but also those of every other prisoner in his block. He still can't see clearly from the right eye. For six years, his cell was brightly lit day and night so that he wouldn't be able to sleep. The airconditioners were on full blast, all the time.
"For many months I was locked up in what was essentially a freezer," he said.

As if the physical abuse wasn't bad enough, these guards played mind games to break the prisoners' spirits. Deghayes longed to hear from his family, but didn't receive a single letter for five years. When he finally started getting letters, the guards would censor vital parts, which would frustrate him. One letter read: "your son likes" and the rest of the sentence was blacked out.

But he suffered the most when the guards abused his religion.

"This was one thing that infuriated all the inmates," said Deghayes. "They would take a copy of the Holy Quran, and throw it in a toilet, or on the floor. Sometimes you would come back to your cell and find boot stains or abusive words written inside the Quran."

The abuse was regular throughout his time there; it didn't ease up if the guards didn't get any information from the detainee.

"The policy in Guantanamo was that they would agitate you every two months," said the former detainee who now lives in London. "They want you to fight back. The interrogators said, 'We will release you one day, but we will make sure that we have made you broken wretches, so that you won't go back to jihad. And your family, your mothers and sisters, will be working just to keep you alive.' So this was their intention."

How were the prisoners able to keep their sanity intact? Many detainees suffered from mental health problems, but Deghayes kept himself sane by following a rigid routine. Though there wasn't much physical activity possible in solitary confinement, he did push-ups every day. He dedicated his mornings to memorizing the Quran, which he then revised in the afternoons.

The prisoners were able to communicate with others by shouting out loud, speaking into the air conditioning duct and talking into the sinkhole and then cupping an ear over it to hear the response. Deghayes spoke to prisoners from all walks of life and myriad nations. "There were teachers, linguists and journalists, there was a lot to learn from them," he said.

After five years and seven months of detention without charge, Degahyes was finally released in December 2007.

"The only thing these kind of prisons achieve is more hatred, turning more youngsters toward extremism," he said, looking back at his experiences.

 

Follow Fahad Faruqui on Twitter: www.twitter.com/fahadfaruqui

FOLLOW RELIGION
 
 
  • Comments
  • 168
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2 3  Next ›  Last »  (3 total)
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
donnyraindog
Grass shack nailed to a pinewood floor
08:01 AM on 05/10/2012
It is hard enough to get the average American to take seriously the idea that we need to live up to our principles if we are to win the so called war on terror.Absurd analogies with Harry Potter novels won't help.
06:33 PM on 05/08/2012
It seems far more civil to torture a person through his ideologies then through his body. Propagating hate is always wrong. But I wonder how man muslims have left islam and become radicalized atheists since the pakistani government and mosques oppress Hindus, since the islamists right of the taliban poison drinking water of girls in a school.

I agree that torture is wrong, I would want my military to pass out flowers and ask politely for information, and ideally the enemy would provide that being that they are honest brokers of information. Alas, pakistanis still think America is evil though they get tremendous amount of green back flowers. Alas, Mecca does not allow Hindus who work there to practice their religion freely. Perhaps, I must conclude, we live in an imperfect world and thus are compelled to do imperfect actions. Perhaps, even, the imperfection reflects an imperfect god no longer worthy of worship.

hariaum
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
csavage
10:37 AM on 05/09/2012
Actually, the Pakistanis probably think we are worse than decadent with our devotion to money. They'll happily take our money but to feel that they'll feel some sort of obligation to us because they took our cash is naive. They consider us barbarians-that we equate love, life, and family to money just reinforces that opinion. As for references to "god"-they know our "god" is money, another proof to them that Allah is supreme. As for their treatment of Hindus, what do you expect? It is an ongoing struggle in this country to maintain separation of church and state-if the fundies here had their way, are you naive enough to think the Hindus would not be persecuted?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
kodimirpal
teacher
11:22 PM on 05/07/2012
Imagine if the following had happened to American prisoners.

What was happening in Abu-Ghraib prison run by Americans in Iraq? Same thing was happening in Afghanistan.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Ghraib_torture_and_prisoner_abuse#Torture

Prisoners were subjected to severe physical, psychological, and sexual abuse.

The abuse included sleep deprivation, forced stress positions, forced nudity, forced sex, using dogs to scare and bite prisoners, forced sex with dogs, prisoners forced to have sex with one another and death threats

The prisoner Manadel al-Jamadi died in Abu Ghraib prison after being interrogated and tortured by a CIA officer and a private contractor.

The torture included physical violence and strappado hanging whereby the victim's is hung from the wrists with the hands tied behind the back.

His death has been labeled a homicide by the US military but neither of the two men that caused his death have been charged.

The private contractor was granted immunity, a huge double standard.

The online news magazine Salon has reported on multiple deaths of Iraqi prisoners in U.S. custody, and according to a report issued by the American Civil Liberties Union, at least 28 have died at Abu Ghraib.

Now similar stories leak out about the American brutalities in Afghanistan.

The US to devastate a nation and rob its natural resources all in the name of fighting terror ( another term for neo-imperialism)

Punish the real terrorists regardless of their affiliations, let justice prevail
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Cecelia Nunn Haack
Art saves lives
09:34 PM on 05/07/2012
Torture is wrong. The USA is wrong to use torture in any way shape or form. I am terribly concerned that our nation has lost its way.
photo
BlueCollarChick
Be the person your dog thinks you are.
11:28 AM on 05/07/2012
If they weren't hostile to the Western world before, you'd better believe they are now. I'm truly appalled and disgusted.
photo
phal4875
The world is run by cats; we just feed them.
11:14 AM on 05/07/2012
It appears that our treatment of Omar Deghayes has turned him into a U.S. supporter for life. Or maybe not.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
charleyvldm9
He thinks outside the box.
09:51 AM on 05/07/2012
Do you really want them spill the beans, then threaten to pour pig blood on them.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
MarcEdward
likes all cats more than most people
09:33 AM on 05/07/2012
Americans torturing innocent people is the perfect example of Christian behavior.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Eric Sandoval
Patriotism IS the last bastion of the scoundrel
11:29 AM on 05/07/2012
Oh how right you are!!
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
kodimirpal
teacher
11:44 PM on 05/07/2012
People have very short memories. They concentrate far too much on a single case of an accused terrorist/innocent but have forgotten what had happened to Iraqi and Afghan prisoners under American custody.

How many American servicemen who were responsible for this torture had been kept in custody for years and convicted?

There had been clear evidences from photos showing sexual assaults on prisoners with objects including a truncheon, wire and a phosphorescent tube,

And a female prisoner having her clothing forcibly removed to expose her breasts.

Taguba has supported President Obama's decision not to release the photos, stating “These pictures show torture, abuse, rape and every indecency.”

In another case, a female inmate was raped by an American military policeman.

In a third reported case, witnesses said US guards repeatedly raped a 14 year old girl in 2003.

In a fourth reported case, Senior US officials admitted rape had taken place at Abu Ghraib.

Pro-intervention readers to put themselves in the place of these prisoners.

What will be the reaction of the victims blood relatives towards American brutal behavior.
How to convince them not to retaliate but allow the courts to deal with these?

Terrorism is wrong We have to address the root cause of American terrorism first before criticizing the retaliatory terrorism of the victims.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Ghraib_torture_and_prisoner_abuse#Torture
08:04 AM on 05/07/2012
Victimizing. Scapegoating. Perfectly understandable. When a thing secretly evolves into monstrous machine, it is only natural that the operators agitate the frenzy of hysteria from time to time. They know how political structures are created: identifying those primal traitors that spark fear and hatred most convincingly in the current environment, pin some significance to the blood-splattered machine, some operational myth, in order that people can attach some measure of emotional need (a primitive patriotism, for instance) to the mean machine, and instill a hope of an ultimate triumph in the end, through a fixed narrative. Welcome to the beginning of the end. Enjoy every sandwich.
Genders
Love, Tolerance, Enlightenment
09:22 PM on 05/10/2012
FF. It's as old as human civilization.
06:41 AM on 05/11/2012
Perhaps it is social instinctivity. Tribal stuff that got hardwired to the collective performance of society. Enjoy every sandwich.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
kodimirpal
teacher
07:59 AM on 05/07/2012
Revenge and retaliation may result when innocent people are abused, attacked and tortured.

Let us take the specific case of Abdullah Al-Ajmi who was locked up at Guantanamo.

After four years of brutal treatment in Guantanamo, he was sent back to Kuwait.

Later he found his way to Iraq to teach terror to whom he considered his perpetrators . In March 2008, he drove a bomb-laden vehicle into Iraqi military compound killing himself and 13 soldiers.

A terrorist act of horrible violence committed by a former Guantanamo detainee.

Of course what Abdullah did was a crime in any religion or secular ideology., but what caused him to do this.

This was the direct result of his abusive treatment in the hands of security guys from civilized nations.

The use of torture by the US elicits no useful information to stop terror but in fact it has proved so counter productive that many more US soldiers have died due to such terror than the number of civilians killed in 9/11.

In short we have to address the root cause of the terror.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdallah_al-Ajmi
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
just a voice here
Just because...
12:55 AM on 05/10/2012
"In short we have to address the root cause of the terror".

The root cause of terror in the Middle East is Islam.
Genders
Love, Tolerance, Enlightenment
09:24 PM on 05/10/2012
The root cause is our oil under their land.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
kodimirpal
teacher
08:02 AM on 05/11/2012
Extremely sad, one track minded Europeans like you who blindly support your Govt's military action abroad are very selective in your reading and thinking, you have not read the 300 years of European colonial rule in third world nations and the harm you did to the people until the middle of 20th century and later you continue the same policy of imperialism and political domination as Genders says for oil and raw materials and militarily intervene and devastate nations and their civilizations. Promotion of democracy is a huge lie and a good pretext, more over it is not your business to do it, you have no divine right to do it. Please read more broadly and try to understand the sentiments of victims.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
oldwolf49
Religion is a tool of the evil.
07:45 AM on 05/07/2012
Most of the comments are all either negative or calling this guy a liar. How do you know? Unless you have been there you don't and I am not saying believe him for it is true I am saying that this is one persons account, true or not and until someone bipartisan goes there and films what happens and shows it somewhere we will never know the whole truth. My views on torture are my own I will not say if it does or does not work but I will say that this "war" on terror that W started has become an excuse to do things that before we would have fought against. It does not make it either wrong or right it simply is what it is.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
DMDAY44
07:37 AM on 05/07/2012
Of course, every thing this guy says should be taken at face value. After all, why would terrorists lie?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
kodimirpal
teacher
08:02 AM on 05/07/2012
Should it take five years of detention by the world's best security institution to detect?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
DMDAY44
09:26 AM on 05/07/2012
It has taken 9 years to bring Kalid Sheik Muhammed to trial. I don't understand that either, but it is what it is.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Silverfern
08:25 AM on 05/07/2012
After 5 years And 7 months he was released without charge. What do you not understand about that? Reading comprehension not your thing huh?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
DMDAY44
09:24 AM on 05/07/2012
"Not charged" and "not guilty" are two different things. This guys story sounds fishy to me.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Suntio
Amat victoria curam.
07:24 AM on 05/07/2012
Please. "You can not rely on UK or US-based media, especially when it comes to Islam". How about other Muslims in the UK, are there NONE of those? I'm not saying this guy should have been arrested, but his story seems sort of made up. You know, like American "hikers" who just happened to step into Iran accidentally while hiking the beautiful mountains of Iraq while the country was at war.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
mustbelove
Rumi wannabe
09:03 AM on 05/07/2012
But we don't have a legal system that sentences an accused person's story seems to be invented. We presume innocence until proven guilty. If we hold Iran accountable for what they did to the hikers, shouldn't we hold ourselves accountable for what we have done to innocent Muslims since 9/11?
photo
BlueCollarChick
Be the person your dog thinks you are.
11:46 AM on 05/07/2012
Kurdistan is a relatively safe, autonomous region of Iraq that was basically unscathed by the war. Your comment is akin to a tourist cancelling their trip to New York because Hurricane Katrina wiped out New Orleans. The Kurds had more of a reason than anyone to want Saddam's head on a platter, so why would they be hostile to Westerners? The guy wanted to exterminate their whole race and now he is no longer a threat, thanks to us. (I don't agree with our involvement, but what's done cannot be changed.) So, really, what's so unbelievable about young, adventurous, American hikers exploring a place that is both beautiful and foreign? Then accidentally crossing an unmarked border? Sounds plausible to me.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
kodimirpal
teacher
11:55 PM on 05/07/2012
Sounds like the story of Yvonne Ridley.

'Western media' has no idea what she has been up to in the past two years, and this is a pity, because she has been up to quite a lot.

Without our even noticing it, the journalist who briefly became the story when, in 2001,

she was captured by the Taliban having entered Afghanistan disguised in a burka,

http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2008/jul/06/women.features4
lastpost
see biography
07:17 AM on 05/07/2012
"a prisoner of Azkaban"
Living the hell, that is the invention of another human’s fevered mind?

"You cannot rely on U.K. or U.S.-based media"
Especially when you can contrast it, baring a blocking of the band, with RTV and Al Jazeera reporting.

"the slogan "NO FEAR"
Say! Do you guys have the capacity to exercise cogent thought concerning the validity of your activities. “NO FEAR”. I thought not.

"This woman said something about the Taliban mistreating women and that Islam teaches its followers to mistreat women."
Madam, quote chapter and verse if you can please?

"The way we were transferred, we were many, many people on top of each other like cargo and then chained to the floor and blindfolded."
Madam. Which page of your holy book prescribes this?

"he was interrogated by British intelligence"
Please do not conflate or confuse the two.

"if he moved he would get electrocuted."
So be it. Anything to escape this planet of apes.

"We will release you one day"
Really, you’d be wise to kill me. In case this gets out.

"There were teachers, linguists and journalists, there was a lot to learn from them,"
Not from the interrogators. Since they were from humanity’s darker age.

"The only thing these kind of prisons achieve is more hatred"
and more evidence. That human stupidity may be infinite. A voluntary MRi would have gotten the truth in minutes, without muscle.
photo
SmotPoker
No more hurting people. Peace.
06:51 AM on 05/07/2012
Reads like tales from the inquisitions.