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George Lakoff

George Lakoff

Posted: September 15, 2007 11:26 PM

Whose Betrayal?


Betrayal is everywhere in the news. We learned today from the Washington Post that Alan Greenspan said, in his new book, "I am saddened that it is politically inconvenient to acknowledge what everyone knows: the Iraq war is largely about oil." Not keeping our country safe, as the troops were told. Not democracy. Not Weapons of Mass Destruction. Not al Qaeda. Oil! All those lives and maimings about oil! Are you shocked, shocked? It is Betrayal of Trust of the highest order: "Politically inconvenient ... everyone knows..." Oil was not discussed at the Petraeus hearings. The silence in Washington has been polite.

MoveOn's "General Petraeus or General Betray Us?" ad has raised vital questions that need a thorough and open discussion. The ad worked brilliantly to reveal, via its framing, an essential but previously hidden truth: the Bush Administration and its active supporters have betrayed the trust of the troops and the American people.

MoveOn hit a nerve. In the face of truth, the right-wing has been forced to change the subject -- away from the administration's betrayal of trust and the escalating tragedy of the occupation to of all things, an ad! To take the focus off maiming and death and the breaking of our military, they talk about etiquette. The truth has reduced them to whining: MoveOn was impolite. Rather than face the truth, they use character assassination against an organization whose three million members stand for the highest patriotic principles of this country, the first of which is a commitment to truth.

New York Times columnist Frank Rich, right about so many things, got it wrong when he criticized the ad in his Sunday column.

He overlooks the fact that the "distraction" he worries about has led the supporters of the Iraq occupation to endlessly evoke the Betrayal of Trust frame, identifying themselves with the Betrayer of Trust in that frame. The betrayers themselves took MoveOn's bait.

Thanks to their making it a national issue, we can now proceed to discuss their Betrayal of Trust on the national stage they have conveniently provided. The importance of this frame is discussed in "Betrayal of Trust: Beyond Lying" -- Chapter 6 of Don't Think of an Elephant!

Betrayal is a moral issue, and with respect to war, mass destruction, maiming, and death, it is a moral issue of the highest order. Betraying trust is a matter of deception that knowingly leads to significant harm. There is little doubt that the Iraq War and its aftermath have done considerable harm -- to our troops, to the Iraqi people, and to our nation as whole. It is equally clear that there has been a considerable amount of deception in the instigation of the war and throughout the occupation. In short, there has been, and continues to be, a considerable betrayal of trust. It goes well beyond the general and the fudging of his figures.

The issue is this: Who has been betraying the trust of the American people -- including our troops -- in bringing about the American invasion of Iraq and in continuing the occupation? What were the acts of betrayal and with what consequences? And is a betrayal of trust still going on, and if so where, how, and by whom?

I have developed a deeper look at these issues. You can read that in my new article Iraq and the Betrayal of Trust. But meanwhile, let's talk about one of the traps we should stay out of: The Politeness Trap.

Bush took advantage of certain conventions of etiquette and politeness when he sent Petraeus to testify before Congress. Those conventions hold that one does not criticize the symbolic stand-in for the military, even when the uniform-wearing stand-in is on an overt political mission that is at the heart of the Administration's continuing betrayal of trust. Decorum can be put to political use, and Bush did just that.

Bush was using a familiar right-wing tactic: identifying himself with a military uniform and the stature of the military in general, when he had no military stature himself. Rudy Guiliani used the same tactic in his ad in Friday's NY Times: he put on military drag by associating himself with Petraeus' rank and role, hoping some of the stature of the military would rub off on him. The implicit message is an attack on MoveOn: in pointing out Petraeus' deception, MoveOn, so Giuliani implies, was being disrespectful of the military itself. This is a typical right-wing attack on progressives, and progressives shouldn't stand for it. They should not be allowed to hide behind the troops. The troops themselves have been betrayed. None of us wants to hear it, to know it, to acknowledge it. Least of all me. It disgusts me how the troops have been betrayed by people saying, "Support our troops." But it is true, and millions of us must start saying so. There are unacknowledged villains behind this carnage.

In a country that takes its freedoms seriously, freedom of speech must be maintained. Betrayal through deception is much worse than being impolite. Where tens of thousands of deaths and maimings are concerned, it is immoral not to point out betrayals when they are real. It is patriotic to root out betrayal on grand scale wherever it occurs.

The American people have been betrayed by the architects and apologists for the invasion and occupation of Iraq. By avoiding the politeness trap in a patriotic, direct, and factual way, MoveOn correctly framed the betrayal of trust for what it is. And right now, the apologists for the occupation seem to be forgetting a lesson we thought Frank Luntz had schooled them on. They are quite busy invoking the frame of betrayal of trust, a frame that clearly best fits them. That frame is essential to bringing an end to the tragedy in Iraq.

 
 
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08:59 PM on 09/20/2007
thatvisionthing....

Bush and Cheney took an oath to defend our Constitution, too. They lied.
11:10 AM on 09/18/2007
I am always irked when I hear/see right wing pundits express outrage at 'any' criticism of a man in uniform. As if a uniform gives anyone carte blanche to say or do whatever they damn please. Pakistan's General Musharref is a 'man in uniform'. Chile's Pinochet was a man in uniform. Uganda's Idi Amin had lots of medals on his uniform. None of them earned my respect.
General Petraeus' uniform represents his allegiance to his country, his fellow soldiers and to the upholding of truth, honor and the defense of our country and of the Constitution of the United States of America. Period. If he or anyone else of our men and women 'in uniform' fails to uphold these principles then they do not deserve our respect.
07:29 AM on 09/18/2007
The MOVEON article was 'spot-on!

You know it worked when the Repugs attacked...and I loved they way they came back at RUDY full force- that'll learn him, dern him!

The Dems ONLY gain in the public arena as the populace express our outrage and anger at the way we were betrayed!

Petraeus DID BETRAY US! HIS OWN WORDS INDICTYED HIM AND HIS POLITICAL SPIN! Other Generals before him were willing to tell KING GEORGE the TRUTH and they got fired! When a general chooses to go along politically when our sons and daughters are being sacrificed to this war mongering administration and its OIL CRONIES then the General BETRYED U.S.! Yes, betrayed the U.S. and our best interests- our children- not BUSHYS OIL and war profiteers!
09:53 PM on 09/17/2007
I'm really going to feel betrayed when all these talking opponents of the war keep finding excuses to do nothing to stop it, and finally Bush announces to the American people that: "Fifteen minutes ago I ordered a massive attack on Iran."
07:25 PM on 09/17/2007
We've been stepped on, lied to, cheated on and treated like dirt. When are we going to get mad?
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nippersdad
05:02 PM on 09/17/2007
I thought this was kind of cool. I just looked at my e-mail and MoveOn was raising money for their Giuliani/betrayal ad. They cited Mr. Lakoff's article from the Huffington Post! I doubt they read the blog and did not read the comments.

Keep talking guys, MoveOn is listening, can the Dem leadership be far behind?
02:38 PM on 09/17/2007
It is nice to hear that you actually still believe in certain values being in tact. I have a much more sinister view of human kind and cynical at best. When we study history we learn about reality correcting societies like the French revolution actually enacting what was reality. When I look around me I see more and more indicators of a failing society, dismantled by sheer greed and feeding into the fear what change might bring. When on November 9, 1989 the wall fell it did not come as total surprise. The changes made by Gorbachev and European politician began much earlier than Reagan's often repeated but in reality a reaction to the changing times. All truths until then disappeared, and even though the Christian Right tried to maintain the apocalyptic view of the Red Giant, the reality of which was gone. The US on the contrary continued its cold war politics, because the system seemed to hard to change. How could you explain to workers at Northrop that their skill was not longer needed in the numbers that existed or military bases were crucial to maintain the status quo. The "only remaining super power" was looking for enemy images to justify its existence. Many nations that allowed military bases on their soil were asking for the reason of their existence. We over stayed our welcome and added ourselves to the enemy list. Reality will correct this problem, I just fear it will cost us dearly.
06:40 PM on 09/17/2007
Hoelder, you hit the nail on the head.

The problem is somewhat worse than you imagine, I fear. The problem is that the American public has bought into the belief that America has enemies. It started with Truman after WWII with the reality based fear of communism and it is now not possible to get it uprooted. My guess is that USA will follow the English model post WWII when England found its "Sterling" pound devaluing and declining while its European neighbors rebuilt with common market based on mutual security of Europe. England tried to hold on to empire with EFTA type fig leaf but finally had to realize that its existence as empire was totally outdated, made no sense, and they joined EU when Germany and France, bankrupt after the war, passed UK as if it were standing still.
12:36 PM on 09/17/2007
General Petraeus has presented himself before Congress and the American people with fuzzy distored facts, data and comments that fulfill several of the many dictionary definitions of betrayal and consequently it is correct to label him as such. Betrayal's definitions include:

1.to be unfaithful in guarding, maintaining, or fulfilling: to betray a trust.
2. to deceive, misguide, or corrupt: a young lawyer betrayed by political ambitions into irreparable folly.

The General has been unfaithful in maintaining and fulfilling his oath to protect the Constitution of the US. He has acted in a role of politicizing and selling the Iraq war to Congress and the American people by deceiving and therefore misguiding the public concerning Iraq for his own career ambitions, perhaps even political. Coupled with the definition of treason, the General is also treasonous b/c of his betrayal of a trust or confidence; a breach of faith and treachery in maintaining a war in Iraq that has no clear defineable objectives nor long term strategy in terms of American security nor defense. Vague rhetoric about a generalized threat from terrorists w/o the specific facts to back them up is merely blowing smoke up the American people's asses to engender fear and continuation of a failed policy.

MoveOn.org should have gone further and called for his arrest on treasonous behavior as well as that of George WRONG Bu$hit and the fascist Dicktator Cheney.
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charon
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12:22 PM on 09/17/2007
Excellent piece! And Petraeus is, effectively, a political appointee, not a soldier. He was appointed to be where he is because he could be trusted not to vary from the bushco ideological line. As such, he should not expect to be immune from criticism, but then the right wing reaction to Moveon.org's ad was, as you point out, disingenuous at best.
12:21 PM on 09/17/2007
George, you are soooo right. great writeup. And so love those big SUVs with their Support the Troops stickers!

dell 8300
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Kenny2k
dabrat77
11:36 AM on 09/17/2007
So when will we stand up and stop this maddness? Forget the Democrats. The Independent Party is the way to go in 2008. The White House and Congress have had their chance and both blew it. Wake up America! This war has always been about oil and greed.
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bar1ed
midnight toker!
10:48 AM on 09/17/2007
the truth will always hurt someone !!!! my check is in the mail to moveon.org ------ better than giving to pols. who talk about the obvious and never have any solutions. the gop slamed people for years, but now that the shoe is on the other foot its a crime --- give me a break !!!! ---- rudy being rudy --- he operated just like this in nyc --- always blame the other guy --- for rudy, 911 was a blessing !!!!! --- rudy's ad is just another attack on someone speaking their mind. but he feels that its up to him to make that decision for you !!!!
09:56 AM on 09/17/2007
George Lakoff is entirely wrong. The task of the antiwar movement/liberal Democrats is to attract the sort of moderate voters who voted for Bush in 2004 and for Democratic congressional candidates in 2006. They hold the key to the election next year. They are not ideological liberals or radicals. They respect members of the uniformed military in general and General Petraeus in particular. Thus, to accuse him, in a particularly sophomoric and stupid way, of "betrayal" is very ill advised. They are not shocked by a general defending the mission he has been called upon to perform and do not believe he is "betraying" anybody by so doing. The way to win their support is to speak respectfully of the general but to demonstrate, by reference to events in Iraq, that the mission cannot be fulfilled. Lakoff believes that clever packaging can overcome long time voter preferences. Surely the election outcomes in 1972, 1980, 1984, 1988, and 2004, when relatively forthright liberals lost, should disprove this. The only Democrats who have won presidential elections(or the popular vote) since 1964 were white southerners who campaigned as something other than liberals in 1976, 1992, 1996, and 2000. This is not a predominantly liberal country. Outfits like Moveon.org should understand this and shape their arguments accordingly. One clue. Attacking respected senior members of the armed forces is not the place to start.
03:30 PM on 09/17/2007
huh?
08:42 AM on 09/17/2007
The General was chosen to do GW's biding. All that was said in Congress was agreeded to by the Administration in advance. More scarey are two articles today, one Allen Greenspane said he advised GW that Saddam needed to be taken out to preserve the oil and the article on the Bush plan to take out 2000 targets in Iran before the end of his term. By watching the news and statements from the White House you can see the Gulf of Tanken taking place again, first the blame game and next the excuse to attack Iran. We need Congress to step in and put an end to the Cheney evil and GW ignorance before our country goes down the drain. It is already swirling in that direction. Makes me ill that people are so ignorant they believe the crap put out by GW and Cheney.
08:35 AM on 09/17/2007
By all means, let's forward this analysis and its conclusions [Powell, Tenet, Petraeus...Traitors! All of 'em!] to the Democratic candidates. The eventual nominee can incorporate it into his or her stump speech and watch poll numbers sink like a rock.

Brace yourself for another avalanche of Republican judges and a generation of Scalia clones on the Supreme Court.
02:49 PM on 09/17/2007
Americans can reach their own conclusions about the loyalty of Powell, Tenet, and Petraeus. Sure, they love their country, but they love their president more.

And what did Tenet's incompetence get him, a medal and a multimillion dollar book deal. He sounds more like one of those schmuck CEOs who drives a company into bankruptcy and walks away with millions in his pockets.

Powell's now trying to rewrite history refusing to acknowledge his lies led to war.

In some ways Petraeus had the least wiggle room. The civilian leadership at the Pentagon could have kept him apolitical; they could have testified instead of him. By not doing so they politicized his position and made him a valid political target.