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Heidi Grant Halvorson, Ph.D.

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Why Generic Products Can Make You Feel Bad About Yourself

Posted: 07/23/11 12:38 PM ET

People often buy brand-name products over their generic alternatives for fairly obvious reasons. They may trust high-end brands more or feel that using them conveys to others a sense of their own taste, coolness or affluence.

But the influence of brands and logos on our behavior goes well beyond the moment of product choice -- when actually using the product, we continue to feel the brand's influence. For instance, studies show that people give more creative solutions to a problem after seeing an Apple logo than an IBM logo. Other studies have shown that wearing counterfeit versions of brand-name products makes people feel less authentic, and actually increases their likelihood of both behaving dishonesty and distrusting others.

Recent research from psychologists at National Sun Yat-Sen University in Taiwan offers yet another surprising demonstration of the power of branding: Using a generic product, rather than a brand-name one, can actually undermine the user's sense of self-worth.

In one study, college seniors seated at a desktop Mac were randomly assigned to use either a generic keyboard and mouse or brand-name Apple accessories. They used the computer to fill out an online resume, and after finishing were asked to estimate their future monthly earnings. Those who used generic accessories said that they would earn, on average, 10 percent less than those who used the brand-name accessories.

In another study, men were given a cell phone so that they could call a woman they had just been introduced to and ask her on a date. When they tried to use the phone, they discovered that the battery had died, and were given either a brand-name replacement or a cheaper generic cell phone battery. Men who used the generic battery later rated themselves as significantly less attractive than brand-name battery users, and felt that they had a lower sense of self-worth.

Across both studies, participants had no idea whatsoever that their own self-evaluations were being affected by the products they were using.

Most of us assume that this sort of thing stops in childhood -- when being given the less expensive version of the toy, sneakers or designer jeans you really wanted is a source of embarrassment as well as disappointment. These studies suggest that as adults we continue to unconsciously see our own worth to some extent as a function of whether or not we buy, or are given, the "good version" of the products we use.

There is, however, one important exception: Some people (and I am thinking of my husband here) feel genuinely smart and savvy when using generics instead of brand-names. They believe that they are getting a product of equal worth for less money, and for them that choice is a source of pride -- of greater self-esteem.

So it may be that only when we have to use generic products -- when others choose them for us, or when we feel we can't or shouldn't pay for the brand-name alternative -- that using the "lesser" product can make us feel like a lesser person.

 
 
 

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People often buy brand-name products over their generic alternatives for fairly obvious reasons. They may trust high-end brands more or feel that using them conveys to others a sense of their own tas...
People often buy brand-name products over their generic alternatives for fairly obvious reasons. They may trust high-end brands more or feel that using them conveys to others a sense of their own tas...
 
 
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BlackYowe
I am a classical- liberal woman and a Jeweler.
02:29 PM on 07/27/2011
I don't allow branding of any kind to affect my mood or my life. I like food with no brand best like fresh food or meat from the source. Many of the store brand foods are superior to the name brands or the same. I am most satisfied and happy with my purchases when I get the biggest bang for my buck. I try my best to keep corporations and their games out of my brain.
07:27 PM on 07/25/2011
I buy 90% of store brands.
I've rarely had to ask for a brand name bacause the store brand was not good.
My household is fine with that.
But I will buy some brand products, I usually find them on sale.
My self-worth is just fine, thank you very much Halvorson
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dbrockskk
05:18 PM on 07/25/2011
Is this woman ok?? I and everyone I know use generics...never occurred to us not to. What on earth is she talking about??
04:50 PM on 07/25/2011
Name brand vs generic batteries.

Hmmm. I want to see the actual test and how it was set up. Did the person conducting the test deliberately select attractive men vs less attractive? Did the men witness the battery exchange? If they weren't in the same room did they have any contact prior to the test and an opportunity to interact later? How were the questions formulated? What were the questions? A test can be designed to say what the people who designed the test want it to say.

Looking at my own consumer buying habits and those I know, what they buy depends more on how advertising affects them. A friend of mine for 30 years has a hard core belief that designer & name brands are the superior. She'd buy designer and I would shop at Sears. Sears of 20 years ago, not the Kmart version. My children always outgrew the Sears clothes and they went to the Goodwill whereas the Calvin Kleins she purchased were always ripped or torn. My daughter was a name brand fanatic until I showed her store brands carried the same ingredients as mandated by the FDA.

I'm going out on a limb and state advertising has more of an impact on choices rather than issues of self esteem/worth. Advertising blatantly states things like: you're cool if you drink this, wear that, drive this etc. Who doesn't want to be cool? My motto-best for less.
03:19 PM on 07/25/2011
Interesting. I wonder how many people know that, as least so far as food products are concerned, that the generic foodstuff is quite often exactly the same as the brand name product? A sugar manufacturer in my area, for example, packages its product for about six different labels. It's all exactly the same sugar!

I have also found in some cases that the generic brand has less additives (sugar, salt, etc.) than the brand name. I side with the writer's husband :)
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09:02 AM on 07/25/2011
What people have to realize is that the higher price they pay for name brands is not for the "quality" it is to pay their "ADVERTISING BUDGET" Don't you people get it?? The "FAMOUS SPOKESPERSON" like big time athetes & model/actresses. These people make MILLIONS to convince you that you are getting the BEST. Apparently it's working! Don't be fooled. Many of the "noname" products have the SAME EXACT ingredience. If you can convince yourself that you are as pretty as JLo by wearing something with her name on it, well, you are only fooling yourself! Meanwhile, they are all laughing their way to the BANK!
gypsygal
My micro-bio is empty.
02:11 PM on 07/25/2011
But when will you get how off-putting it is to say "you people" and type in shouting caps when trying to make your point?

Sorry. It's a pet peeve. I can't stand it when someone objectifies the rest of the world as the inferior, easily fooled, less-intelligent-than-though category of "you people."
07:19 AM on 07/25/2011
When I was young, my brother's wife told me when choosing foods, begin with the cheapest, and keep going up until you find what you like and stop there and that's what I did. Taking it further, my first car was a Fiat, the cheapest sold where I lived. It might have had great gas milage, but didn't start 4 or the 7 days a week as the stupid design allowed for condensation in the gas tank. I literally hated the Fiat, so I went to the next cheapest and bought VWs, I had 5 of those over the years. By far the most depedable car was the Renaut, which they quit bringing here, that had over 500,000 miles driven when we said goodbye to it, or I would still be using Renaults. (and all of those were picked over corvairs, mustangs experience of parent's cars, and the difference in cost of running them and insuring them.) Clothing growing up we were taught to label buy because of how things lasted and lasted-Pendleton, and such, same with making clothing I'd go for Pendleton wool or Amana Colony wool which Pendleton used to be the superior wool available here. Not working, I don't need the better stuff, so I buy cheap except for shoes, and those again are by what has worked in the past.
07:02 AM on 07/25/2011
We don't think the same as some countries as a whole. When working with the first computers, using an IBM or a cheap knockoff, I;d pick the IBM hands down, because of experience with both and their performance, and ease of use on the hands. When I had IBM and Mac at my desk, I preferred them over others as well and over the two I preferred using the IBM for specific things, and Mac for others. I had both because of who I worked for and what they worked on. At home, I prefer my broken-literally, dell over mini or the table model for comfort. I love the mini for movies, the keyboard is too stiff for game comfort. The desktop, I'll use for DVD's but I hate sitting at a desk, and my heavy dell just beats the mini because the HP mini lights are annoying as hell and blink even when off, so badly that I've considered duct tape as a solution. Brands, yes, not that I worry about self-worth, but after having had several products its about ease of use.
11:26 AM on 07/25/2011
My husband has always said he would wear name brands when the companies started paying him to advertise their product.lol. Otherwise a plain old shirt and pants is fine for him. I agree with him. I will never spend big $ on designer brands when the lesser known brands are fine. Contrary to popular opinion, clothes do NOT make the person. Expensive clothes are a facade for insecure people who fear rejection for not being "good enough". Society even teaches our children that expensive name brand clothes will make you a better person or somehow a more desirable person. Look at Paris Hilton----------she thinks expensive brands make her a better person. Nope, Paris.....you still have the personality of a dishrag.
But I am brand loyal to some products. I swear by the quality of Bounty paper towels, Gain laundry detergent, and Dawn dish detergent. because they WORK well and are reasonably priced. Store brands of these product invariably suck.
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dblueII
My micro bio is unprintable in this publication.
12:26 AM on 07/25/2011
"Store brand" seem like a much more palatable term than generic, and some are the equal of most name brands. Some not so much. The same is true with bigger ticket items. However, the article uses a keyboard and a battery as examples, I would not be comfortable buying either one if it were generic.

But in all honesty, I gotta 'fess up and say that I am as guilty of this as the next guy. I'd much rather go to a discount store, or wait for a sale, then wear Kirkland or Payless.

Either way, it is a great truth that there is simply no substitute for Helmans Mayonnaise (Best Foods, in some parts of the country)
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greymom
12:09 AM on 07/25/2011
I once worked for a large restaurant food distributor. Their branded products were often superior to the famous brands. I look for good generic products in hair care and many food items, especially Costco and Trader Joes. My self esteem is fine, as well as my bank account. I would never carry a fake designer bag but prefer a bag with no label visible. Why should I pay to advertise somebody's brand name. They should be paying me!
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Richbruin
We'll walk this world together through the storm
11:19 PM on 07/24/2011
I find the Kirkland Signature products to be very good. I think it depends on which "generic" you get, just takes a little experimenting.
10:55 PM on 07/24/2011
I'll admit, I'm a name brand girl... because it's what fits or tastes the best, not because I want to advertise how much I spent on it. I do and have tried almost everything in generic, from mayonnaise and soda to jeans and cigarettes, and there are differences in quality in some of the products. Even if the same company makes a generic version of their name brand, it doesn't mean they use the same quality materials/ingredients in both of them. I'm willing to try anything once, but if it doesn't live up to my standards I'll pay more for the name brand and save money elsewhere.
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MJinCanada
Safe from zombies until my 2nd cup of coffee
06:16 PM on 07/24/2011
I actually prefer a few generic products to the brand names. In detergents and fabric softeners, for example, the store brands have less perfume.
03:21 PM on 07/24/2011
Then there are the people who don't have a choice but to buy generic. We are under that category. We use hardly any brand name product due to the increasing cost of goods. I miss some of our brand name not because they were better so much as that it used to be a choice. A choice taken away from us by the price tags of those brand names. Coke is one we still get but after July 31st when they raise the prices I don't know if we'll be able to still get it. THAT I'll make room in the budget for though. Generic shredded cheese, no biggie. That's where generics make me feel bad, we no longer have the choice (true we usually choose generic anyway since usually it is just as good) but now they symbolize the lack of choice because of larger price tags.
08:36 PM on 07/24/2011
The grocery chain that you are buying generics from can make a big difference in the quality. Our Smith's had excellent generics until they were bought by Kroger. I've yet to find a Kroger generic that is acceptable. Their French fried onion rings were singed and burnt French fried crumbles. Their cottage cheese was tasteless and rubbery. Even though the Smith's (Kroger store) is closer to me, except for quick run-ins, I do my major grocery shopping a few miles down the road at Albertson's where I have never been disappointed in their generics. Even if you can afford the name brands, it just make sense to buy the generics when the quality is good and you can't tell the difference. No one's ever complained because I serve Albertson's green beans instead of Green Giant. Using a less expensive product does not make me feel less self-worth, in fact, it makes me feel more intelligent when I find a product that does exactly the same thing as a name brand but I've paid less.
08:03 AM on 07/25/2011
We used to mostly shop at Shop Rite until a Stop n Shop came in close by. We get more for our $150 a week budget for 3 people at stop n shop. Most of their generics are good but their ground meat isn't. My husband grocery shops so he goes to both getting the items where they are cheaper. These generics are pretty good. Like I said, if we had the choice we would still choose generics the frustrating part is the high price of brand names has taken away the choice. Most people can choose between the two but we can't. I feel left out not having brand name as an option
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Grace Note
Is it just me?
03:19 PM on 07/24/2011
There are too many variables, maybe the men were unattractive that received the generic batteries, maybe the applicants were less experienced or qualified or educated. What criteria did they use to distribute the generics vs the brand names, maybe the people seeing the apple logo WERE more creative then the people looking at the IBM logo. The only way to really tell is to use the same people in the different scenarios over time. Multiple applications on different desktop/keyboards, different girls, different cell phones/batteries. Come on, doesn't this look a little bit like a study done to justify the high cost of brand names and discourage the use of generics? Which are much cheaper and are probably much more popular now that the entire world is broke? Phooey another fake study.
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joann95798
09:28 AM on 07/25/2011
My sentiment exactly!