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Ian Fletcher

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The Disingenuous Economics of Ron Paul

Posted: 02/20/2012 2:31 pm

Ron Paul, even among his detractors, enjoys a reputation for being a man of clear and consistent principle. Perhaps on some issues he is. But the more I study his positions on free trade, the more the one word that comes to mind is... disingenuous.

What does Rep. Paul have to say about free trade? A supporter's website neatly summarizes his position as follows:

Ron Paul is a proponent of free trade and rejects protectionism, advocating "conducting open trade, travel, communication, and diplomacy with other nations."

OK. Not my position, obviously, but it's a clear stance. Unfortunately, the rest of his thinking is a mish-mash of abstract ideology, doubletalk, and blindness to the logical consequences of facts.

To wit, continuing with the same summary:

He opposes many free trade agreements (FTAs), like the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), stating that "free-trade agreements are really managed trade" and serve special interests and big business, not citizens.

So Rep. Paul is in favor of free trade in theory, he's just not in favor of free trade as actually practiced. What a neat way to simultaneously preserve one's fealty to an ideological ideal while also being able to take a swipe at unpopular "special interests and big business."

Any problems you think free trade causes? They're the bad guys' fault.

This stance renders the idea of free trade logically immune to any empirical counter-evidence, because one can always explain away that evidence as being due to imperfect implementation. Marxists once used this trick: "No, the failure of Russia, China, Cuba... doesn't disprove communism. They don't represent real communism!"

Unfortunately, free trade isn't just a good thing, badly implemented. It is fundamentally defective in its own right. (There's not the space to explain why here, but I did write a whole book on the question, with a skeleton summary here.) For most of American history, we didn't practice it.

Now, to be fair, it is indeed true that what we have today isn't real free trade. As I and many other people have pointed out many times, it's one-sided free trade, in which America opens its market to the world but major foreign nations do not reciprocate. Lack of reciprocity isn't the whole problem, but it's at least half of it.

But does Dr. Paul say this? No. He doesn't even give a hint that he's even aware of it. So this isn't, apparently, what he means. (My apologies if it is and I somehow failed to find this in his published record.)

But let's continue:

He voted against the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), holding that it increased the size of government, eroded U.S. sovereignty, and was unconstitutional... Congress, rather than the executive branch, should construct FTAs.

Fair enough. I believe all these complaints are true. But... suppose we did a free trade agreement his way? How would the outcome be any different? How would a trade agreement negotiated by Congress (i.e. without using the 1934 Trade Agreements Act, in which Congress, arguably unconstitutionally, handed its tariff-setting powers over to the president) be any better?

It wouldn't. And I can't help noticing that, back before the 1934 Act, when trade policy was set by Congress, America was protectionist. So perhaps Rep. Paul has a glimmer of the right idea here, but it leads to policy conclusions the opposite of his own.

Similarly, Rep. Paul claims to revere the Constitution and the intentions of the Founders. Someone needs to tell him that they were protectionists.

Ron Paul hates "managed" trade. He sees it as the great corrupter of free trade. But here's the problem: if we're going to fix the problems caused by free trade -- like massive trade deficits -- we're going to do it by having managed trade, not by avoiding it.

For example, we're going to have to tell China, quite bluntly, that they only get to sell us $1 billion of stuff if they buy approximately $1 billion back from us. But we're never going to solve our problems by having more "free" trade, because if China isn't confronted with this kind of deal, it will just take advantage of us and run surpluses against us.

You can play word games, if you like, about what counts as "free" trade and what doesn't. Perhaps you want to define "free" as meaning "free in both directions." Fine, and that's actually not a bad policy choice. But if you're going to enforce that "in both directions" bit, then trade has to be managed -- somehow, somewhere, by somebody.

Where does Paul get his policy ideas on free trade from? Like most people, they derive ultimately from theory, his beliefs about how the world works. So let's take a look at what he says he thinks here. He once said (February 12, 2001):

Free trade is the process of free people engaging in market activity without government interference such as tariffs or managed-trade agreements.

Well, in that case, we can forget about the idea having much relevance (at least on this planet), because in the real world, most international trade is manipulated by governments in one way or another. And because trade requires a foreign counterparty, this includes governments that we have no control over. He continues, in the same speech, saying:

In a true free market, individuals and companies do business voluntarily, which means they believe they will be better off as a result of a transaction.

Here Rep. Paul has slipped in that ancient laissez-faire canard that any voluntary transaction must be beneficial to all concerned -- or, after all, why would they engage in it?

Why indeed?

Because you might as well ask whether it's a good thing for a starving man to sell his shoes.

Voluntary transactions may be beneficial in the instant, but this edits out of the picture how the parties to the transaction arrived at the bargaining position they found themselves in when they did the transaction. This argument has been used for centuries to justify the unjustifiable, from child labor on down. Most of what counts in economics is about how we all wind up in the economic circumstances we inhabit, not about the individual transactions we then execute.

You can't justify free trade just by looking at individual trade transactions. You need to look at what kind of economic system you get, when you have free trade. And, need I tediously point out, our individual transactions are hardly free, either, when we're buying goods produced with slave labor, or close to it, in places like China.

Some further elements of the Pauline economic philosophy:

If taxes are low on imported goods, consumers benefit by being able to buy at the best price, thus saving money to buy additional goods and raise their standard of living.

True enough, but again, it's only a half-truth. Cheap goods don't only give us cheap immediate consumption, they also deplete our capacity to produce goods ourselves when their importation destroys domestic industries. And without domestic industries, where do we earn the money to buy imports? In technical terms, Paul has given a partial-equilibrium solution to a general-equilibrium problem.

Similarly, so-called managed trade agreements like WTO favor certain business interests and trading nations over others, which reduces the mutual benefit inherent in true free trade.

Okay, fine, but... which "certain business interests and trading nations?" Rep. Paul declines to tell us, I suspect, because the correct answer here is "the business interests of nations that practice mercantilism, and the nations that practice it." Giving this answer would require admitting that mercantilism -- you know, the economic philosophy practiced by nations, like China, which are cleaning our clock right now -- can work, which is contrary to free-market ideology.

Free market ideology says mercantilism can never work, because manipulating markets can never work. Only dumb socialists try to do that, and they always fail. Free-market ideology has never heard of state capitalism, much less of the fact that it is proving a devastatingly effective rival to the U.S.

President Obama appears to be merely ignorant of this last fact; Rep. Paul seems to go him one better by believing that it can't be true as a matter of fundamental principle,. What we need right now is a president who knows that it is true, and has a plan for America to fight it.

Maybe I'm wrong. Maybe Rep. Paul does, somewhere, acknowledge the existence of state capitalism, and that in the right hands it can work very well indeed. Good for him if he does. But if this is true, then the whole underlying economics of libertarianism -- that pure free markets are always best -- collapses.

Here's a good video clip of Paul's disingenuousness on free trade:

 
 
 

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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Fred Scarran
04:02 PM on 03/09/2012
Paulbots aren't exactly big on "free speech" either, you say anything they don't like on their websites and you get moderated. It's the same thing everywhere else, but the Libertarians are just the biggest hypocrites.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Fred Scarran
12:19 PM on 03/08/2012
I've turned like 5 Paulbots by showing them this: http://www.lewrockwell.com/paul/paul254.html

Many Paulbots/Ronulans/Paulestinians only support Ron Paul because they hear him bashing NAFTA, but when they find out his true positions on trade they drop their support on a dime.

You need to get the word out on Ron Paul Ian.
07:51 AM on 03/09/2012
This was a great article and I thought that he was right on! Makes me support him even more, thank you for providing it.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Fred Scarran
03:25 PM on 03/09/2012
He does attract the bipolar types.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
10:23 PM on 02/28/2012
Honest delivery room doctors don't necessarily make good economists.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Fred Scarran
12:20 PM on 03/08/2012
Apparently even professional economists don't make good economists. Every single peak and valley in the economy comes to a shock to these jokers.
07:57 AM on 02/22/2012
The difference here really is Paul believes in the value of the voluntary trade going on--even in spite of the fact that one party derives a surplus (profit) in the transaction. This is the classical liberal position. The author of the piece views trade as a zero sum game. He sees that surplus as a problem. Of course, over the long run market forces will push the surplus toward equilibrium--the party with the surplus has to spend that surplus, and resources get directed by the country in deficit to areas where it can make a surplus. The US it should be said is in a special situation because it has all these managed trade pacts and it also controls the world's dominant currency--the dollar--which complicates normal trade relationships.
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Fred Scarran
12:28 PM on 03/08/2012
The dollar being the world reserve currency is the RESULT of the trade deficit, not the CAUSE. Cause and effect buddy.
03:49 AM on 03/09/2012
The U.S. Dollar being the world reserve currency is a result of the Bretton Woods Agreement of 1944.
10:19 PM on 03/11/2012
Our trade deficit did not start until 1971, as you can see on census.gov. If the dollar is the world reserve currency because of the trade deficit then how did it become the reserve currency prior to the deficit? That is because of the Bretton Woods Agreement, like I have already mentioned. The treasury does not print our paper money, the Federal Reserve does, that's why it says on our current bills "Federal Reserve note" and not "Treasury note". The central banks around the world purchase USD's on the open market and hold them as reserves, they don't get them from people holding them on the streets of Paris.

I know you think you are intelligent, and maybe you are, but please learn some humility, arrogance is very unbecoming.
04:10 AM on 03/09/2012
Both parties to the transaction benefit from it and derive a profit, otherwise the trade would not occur.
06:09 AM on 02/22/2012
Ron Paul wouldn't create a free trade agreement with any nation, nor would he use his powers as president to create law. To say that all of our founders were protectionist is its self disingenuous. Since the inception of our nation there as been a back and forth between protection and a moving toward free trade, but never complete free trade. If you would like an in depth analysis of the Tariff policy of the United States check out (Tariff History of the United States, by F.W. Tausigg) it covers from the inception of the nation to 1909, when is was published.
10:40 AM on 02/25/2012
The united states was one huge free trade area at its inception!
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ZeraLee
A Citizen's View from Main Street
07:40 PM on 02/27/2012
At its inception, the federal government was funded with imposts and duties on imports and exports. The reason for having a full-time navy was to protect our commercial shipping.
03:42 AM on 03/09/2012
True free trade would mean no tariffs at all against any nation, even revenue tariffs, we have never experienced this in our history.
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Fred Scarran
12:31 PM on 03/08/2012
Wrong. The godly founding fathers were protectionist. I'd say an average Tariff of 35% from inception till WW2 is protectionist, the only resistance coming from the Southern straw hat wearing yahoos.
03:20 AM on 03/09/2012
Our founders didn't live from inception until WW2. Averages are very deceiving, especially over such a long period of time, Fred.

The tariff acts of 1789-1816 were strictly for raising revenue in order to repay back our doubt that was accumulated during the Revolutionary War, unlike our current leaders, I'm not only referring to Obama but also previous presidents, our leaders in the beginning were actually concerned with paying off our debt. Our protectionist era didn't strictly start until the passing of the tariff of 1824 and even then it was relatively moderate up until the Civil War in which it was used again for revenue purposes. The extreme tariffs stayed in place after the Civil War ended and through the Restoration period, they became even more intense in the latter decades of the century reaching such extremes as 100% and beyond on certain products. Again, for a complete dissertation on the subject, up to 1909 at least, you should read the book that I've already recommended.
02:40 AM on 02/22/2012
This is nitpicking and probably just wordplay on behalf of the journalist.

Ron Paul is an exemplary citizen and candidate. That's undeniable even we don't agree with all of his policies.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
ZeraLee
A Citizen's View from Main Street
08:07 PM on 02/27/2012
Unlike Ron Paul, the author is an economist.

Try not to base too many of your decisions on blind assumptions.
03:26 AM on 03/09/2012
The author may be an economist, but he obviously follows a different school of thought then Ron Paul so he would obviously differ on issues.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
PeterNPaul
Giants only fear slingshots.
07:17 PM on 02/21/2012
Allow me to elaborate--poppycock and horsefeathers.

"Because you might as well ask whether it's a good thing for a starving man to sell his shoes." Instead of looking at the mans shoes, one might ask why he has to sell them at all. Likely it was due to a trade policy, implemented by some tweedle dee agency, overseen by some tweedle dum bureaucrat, who never made a deal in their whole life, that cost him his job, forcing him to sell his shoes.

"then trade has to be managed -- somehow, somewhere, by somebody." It is self-managed by the buyer seller relationship and market forces, which far exceed the ability of government to understand, enforce, or particularly drive.

"we're going to have to tell China, quite bluntly, that they only get to sell us $1 billion of stuff if they buy approximately $1 billion back from us. " They buy our debt so we can fight wars in deserts around the world. We are trading them our fortunes for a few trinkets, outsourcing our manufacturing and jobs, to supplement our government fiscal mismanagement that exchanges favors with protected classes for votes.
10:35 PM on 02/21/2012
^ this guy knows what he's talking about
07:02 PM on 02/21/2012
I think our trade imbalance has more to do with our government managed currency than a lack of regulation on trade. When you have the world's reserve currency, everybody is willing to take your paper money for real goods and services. This creates a trade imbalance for the issuer of the reserve currency. Paul is right, you don't need big government agreements full of special favors to have free trade.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
MassWG
12:36 AM on 02/22/2012
"Paul is right, you don't need big government agreements full of special favors to have free trade."

But Mr. Fletcher is in complete agreement on that point!

Look at our trade imbalance. China absorbs those dollars by manipulating its currency. The only way China can use all those dollars is to buy dollar-based assets. That helps lead to our asset bubbles.
http://dailyreckoning.com/currency-manipulators-created-7-trillion-causing-the-global-economic-bubble/

Mr. Fletcher is suggesting that trade policy has to be tough enough to reduce the trade imbalance, and to deal with the other unfair practices and advantages of China's state capitalism.
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Fred Scarran
12:35 PM on 03/08/2012
"I think our trade imbalance has more to do with our government managed currency than a lack of regulation on trade."

Uhhh, dude. There is no such thing as a non-government managed currency. Currency, by definition, is a government managed thing, always has been.
04:42 PM on 02/21/2012
Damned if you do, damned if you don't.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Hammurabi11
Debate with facts, not emotions.
04:11 PM on 02/21/2012
Anyone who supports free trade in it's entirety supports massive outsourcing. Most people will side with Paul on this one.
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ZeraLee
A Citizen's View from Main Street
07:45 PM on 02/27/2012
Most people want massive outsourcing??? I don't think so.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Hammurabi11
Debate with facts, not emotions.
02:11 PM on 03/02/2012
They not like the idea of jobs going overseas. But if they support the free market they will understand that it is a necessary evil. What do you think they will do with all those dollars? Sit on them?
12:06 PM on 02/21/2012
So many points to argue, but the most important, possibly:

It's not the governments right or responsibility to manage "free trade", it's their responsibility to enforce the crimes from doing bad business. They can not effectively prevent anything from happening, they can't stop some one from using drugs.. Merely interfere.. They can not stop every terrorist attack, they merely interfere. They can make the economy more productive by printing billions in more paper money, they merely interfere. They can not prevent a highway accident by passing seat belt laws, they merely encourage us to drive more recklessly as a result of "being safer".

Get a grip on reality.
03:43 PM on 02/21/2012
hit a nerve
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
MassWG
05:30 PM on 02/21/2012
All trade between us and China is managed trade. If we cease to actively manage it, China will continue to manage it on their terms alone. So we will still have managed trade, not free trade, but we will have it on terms even less advantageous to us. Unilateral free trade is not free... so international free trade of the Ron Paul dream world does not, and will not, exist in the real world.
06:55 PM on 02/21/2012
Sorry, but I find a 20000 page document entitled "Free Trade Agreement" a little overkill. Maybe you should try to make sense of it before you so eagerly jump to it's defense.

You also seem to imply 'free trade' as at no cost. It should be, "free to trade with". Unfortunately, tariffs could actually be of some use when it comes to financing the expansion of government oversight required to enforce such a 'free' policy.. I guess you don't mind paying a little extra taxes for that, or maybe your children eventually paying a little extra taxes for that.

But it's useless in arguing, just follow the carrot.
11:26 AM on 02/21/2012
Just to clear up the misinformation in this article, I have provided the link below to The Life & Thought of Friedrich Hayek whom is the Nobel Prize winning Economists that Dr. Paul adopts his economic principles from. Enjoy!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gU8rQnKN_uo
11:52 AM on 02/21/2012
Who's philosophy would you rather buy into? I encourage all to do their own research on the subject rather than be spoon fed these arguments that have no bearing on Dr. Paul's real thoughts on what a "Free Market Society" consists of.
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slejames
04:52 PM on 02/21/2012
You mean the guy who stated he was surprised he got the award & felt it was only given to him to balance giving it to a socialist the same year?
The guy whose work was always about reinforcing government supported "state capitalism"? The guy whose work faced numerous criticism on the basic math & sustainability, which he never answered? The guy who never completed his master work on his theories because he couldn't make the numbers work?

Ron Paul's basing things on that guy, huh?
Sounds great!
01:15 AM on 02/22/2012
I'm not sure who you are referring to but I am speaking of Friedrich August von Hayek, the man who's views have been highly influentia­l among conservati­ves, including Margaret Thatcher who was leading the neo-libera­l revolution in Britain. She was a die-hard disciple of Hayek . President Ronald Reagan listed Hayek as among the two or three people who most influenced his philosophy as well.

The guy who opposed the theories of John Maynard Keynes and argued that government interventi­on in the free market is destructiv­e of individual values and could not prevent such economic ailments as inflation, unemployme­nt, and recession but in fact helps to cause the "Business Cycle" or "Boom and Bust", "Bubble Markets". Keynes was actually "The guy whose work faced numerous criticism on the basic math & sustainabi­­lity"

To say he "never completed his master work on his theories" is complete fallacy. Hayek completed his magnum opus "Law, Legislatio­n and Liberty" in three volumes in 1979.

Also, Austrian economists argued adamantly AGAINST STATE CAPITALISM which incorporat­es central planning into a national economy, which removes power from individual calculatio­n and moves it towards bureaucrat­s and politician­s, similarly to centrally-­planned socialism. Basically, no matter how well you try to plan and calculate the markets with Keynesian Economic Philosophy (Allan Greenspan, Ben Bernanke) you will never have enough informatio­n to accurately predict the markets true demand because your are missing the organic signals that arise naturally to provide for "spontaneo­us order" like in truly Free Markets.
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thereisonlyoneparty
more amazing than you
11:14 AM on 02/21/2012
Protectionism fails in the modern global economy. Free trade is the only solution. And it is really the only way for developing nations--say like those in Africa--to grow and develop into more advanced economies. The world is not just the 300 million people in the US. There are severals of billions of other people and billions more coming. They want to be part of the game too. Paul's views on economics are wrong, but so are this guy's.
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MassWG
05:33 PM on 02/21/2012
There is no such thing as free trade. All international trade is managed trade, to some degree. If we cease to actively manage it, the trading partner will continue to manage it on their terms alone. So we will still have managed trade, not free trade, but we will have it on terms even less advantageous to us. Unilateral free trade is not free... so international free trade does not, and will not, exist in the real world.
10:49 AM on 02/25/2012
Unilateral free trade is better than managed trade! It still benefits the free trade consumers greatly!
If we could get everything we wanted from a country that never bought anything from the us we would still be better off as long as the purchase was voluntary.
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Fred Scarran
12:43 PM on 03/08/2012
" Free trade is the only solution. And it is really the only way for developing nations--say like those in Africa--to grow and develop into more advanced economies. "

Only if there's a sucker in the 1st world willing to give up their job, oh that would be you free traders.
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Rwin Hopkins
10:35 AM on 02/21/2012
state capitilism-a wonderful way to explain china thanks.
yappnmutt
humping legs for liberty
10:05 AM on 02/21/2012
paul is not disingenuous. this critique is. paul's trade philosophy is in the context of a gold standard. a gold standard puts automatic limits on trade to the extent that it becomes undesirable to fund a trade imbalance with pieces of paper promising to pay the debt in gold so trade naturally regulates the size and extent of trade imbalances.

remember the usa essentially defaulted on it's trade deficit in the 60s when france demanded the usa pay off it's trade deficit. knowing it did not have the gold to pay off the total trade deficit the usa defaulted, closed the gold window and reopened as the petro dollar window,a scam continuing until today. so, absent arrogant cheaters, a gold standard would be an effective means to naturally regulate free trade.
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Mark Guzak
No news is Faux-News....
11:20 AM on 02/21/2012
But first we'll need to know the exchange rate of gold to fairy-dust. Good luck with that.
10:50 AM on 02/25/2012
I'm sorry. what is this fairy dust you speak of? Could it be $?