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Ir Amim

Ir Amim

Posted: May 23, 2009 03:00 PM

Jerusalem: City of Walls


Yudith Oppenheimer, Executive Director, Ir Amim

Ilana Sichel, Research Fellow, Ir Amim

This past Sunday, Jerusalem celebrated the opening day of "Education Transcends Walls," a week-long focus on education in honor of Jerusalem Day -- the Israeli anniversary of the "reunification" of the city following the 1967 war. The event featured a wide array of performances, concerts, and panels discussing and honoring the achievements and challenges of Jerusalem in the educational sphere.

It seemed, however, that the evening's lofty title belonged to another event altogether. It soon became evident that schools serving the Palestinian third of Jerusalem's population were conspicuously absent. It seemed, in fact, that despite the optimistically entitled event, Jerusalem's walls were strong, intact, and higher than ever.

As was apparent that evening and over the four decades of Israeli control, Jerusalem has never become a united city. East and West Jerusalem are divided along lines of both political and national aspirations, as well as by deep socioeconomic disparities. Jerusalem's population is further divided by cultural orientation: Israelis look west toward Tel Aviv while Palestinians look toward Ramallah in the West Bank. Nonetheless, both Israelis and Palestinians see Jerusalem as their capital city. Negotiation efforts have made it clear that no political resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict will come to pass if it does not include a mutual resolution on Jerusalem.

Though Israeli politicians seek popularity points by accusing each other of dividing the city, Israelis themselves seem to be more sanguine about the complicated realities of Jerusalem. A public opinion poll commissioned by Ir Amim revealed that 78% of Israelis see life in the city as effectively divided. A further 65% would be willing to forego Israeli jurisdiction over Arab neighborhoods of Jerusalem for the sake of a peace agreement, as long as the holy sites remained accessible. These numbers point to the need for leadership that will move toward a negotiated settlement in Jerusalem; leadership that will build a city in which both nations can live in dignity, a city which honors and protects the three religions and two national narratives within it. (See "State of Affairs: Jerusalem 2008" for analysis and research on Jerusalem life and politics.)

Meanwhile, Jerusalem's walls are being reinforced. The separation wall courses around and through the city, and cuts off Palestinian Jerusalemites from their cultural and economic environs in Ramallah, Bethlehem, and the West Bank. In some areas, the wall even cuts off Palestinian Jerusalemites from the very city in which they live, work, learn, and pay taxes. Those who remain within the walls of Jerusalem suffer from municipal neglect: they face a shortage of over 1500 classrooms and over 70 km of sewage mains. They find it nearly impossible to obtain building permits in their own city, and as residents, not citizens, know that leaving Jerusalem for the West Bank may cut them off from the city forever.

The challenge for today is to create two effective political communities in the urban space now known as Jerusalem. The answer -- a path toward a stable and secure future -- will look less like a series of performances and concerts, and more like a reckoning of the contradictory realities of Jerusalem and the city's centrality in both Palestinian and Israeli political life.

In the new political climate created by the Obama administration, the Israeli government may find itself pushed to working toward a lasting resolution. As Jerusalemites find themselves increasingly surrounded by walls, the need is more pressing than ever to transform the city into a fulcrum for the resolution of the conflict -- and not a spark toward its conflagration. It is upon us to seize this chance for the future of the city cherished by Israelis and Palestinians, and by Christians, Jews, and Muslims around the world.

 
 
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07:21 PM on 05/27/2009
http://www.camera.org/index.asp?x_context=7&x_issue=4&x_article=1404

This article makes it clear that extremists want to deny Jewish religious connection to the temple mount.
09:48 AM on 05/26/2009
Whenever I speak with Palestinians they express their throbbing desire for "a reckoning of the contradictory realities of Jerusalem" and their eagerness "to transform the city into a fulcrum for the resolution of the conflict".

Their passion is palpable.
12:22 PM on 05/26/2009
Concordance of International Community with Palestinian Sentiment:
High

UN Resolution 478:
2. Affirms that the enactment of the "basic law" by Israel constitutes a violation of international law and does not affect the continued application of the Fourth Geneva Convention of 12 August 1949 Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War in the Palestinian and other Arab territories occupied since June 1967, including Jerusalem;
http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Foreign%20Relations/Israels%20Foreign%20Relations%20since%201947/1979-1980/117%20Security%20Council%20Resolution%20478%20-1980-%20on%20Jeru
BubbaC33
Jimmy Buffett is the greatest American
05:08 PM on 05/26/2009
The UN resolution is not the same as international law. In fact, it is contradictory to international law. Jerusalem is the capital of Israel, there is nothing to argue.
06:15 PM on 05/26/2009
Wow.... You can't imagine just HOW impressed I am that the UN passed an anti-Israel resolution!

I am just shocked! If the UN really said that, then I'm convinced. Absolutely.

Because the UN decides what's right and wrong. It's a fair and unbiased arbiter of international order. No bias there.

Yep.
03:58 PM on 05/25/2009
Perhaps the Israelis would be willing to share more sovereignty in Jerusalem if the Arabs apologized for what they did when they held sovereignty over Jerusalem from 1948-67. The ceasefire agreement between Israel and the Arabs in 1949 included open access to holy sites. Instead Jewish synagogues were destroyed and the wailing wall was used as a garbage dump. Contrast that with the fact that one of the largest Mosques in the world has been built in "soloman's stables". Also, when the city was liberated in 67, there were 75,000 Muslims living there, now there are 3 times that number.

Israel will always remain in control of Jerusalem, and Muslims and Christians will always have access to their holy sites, as they should. Muslims need to get used to this fact.
06:12 PM on 05/25/2009
Distortion:
...and Muslims and Christians will always have access to their holy sites...

Correction:
Israel restricted Palestinian access to Jerusalem to men older than 50 and women over 45, angering would-be worshipers eager to reach Islam's third holiest shrine for prayers on the first Friday of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan.
http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1018536.html
10:00 PM on 05/25/2009
They did this to prevent stoning of the worshipers at the Wailing Wall.
01:45 PM on 05/25/2009
Jerusalem is NOT central to Palestinian life, as this misguided article says. Jews all over the world face Jerusalem when they pray. Muslims -even those living in Jerusalem...face toward Mecca when they pray. Jerusalem is NOT mentioned in the Koran -but is mentioned over 630 times in the Bible. Other than the Dome of the Rock being built DIRECTLY ON TOP OF the remains of THE SECOND TEMPLE of the Jews...there is no centrality of the Israeli capital to Arab Muslims. In fact...most Jews say" Next year in Jerusalem"... a visit to Jerusalem is very important to them.....while the Arabs seek a pilgrimmage ..not to Jerusalem...but to Mecca in what is known as THE HAJ...!!!
07:15 PM on 05/25/2009
Israeli claims are illigitimate. The Israeli occupation is illegal.
BubbaC33
Jimmy Buffett is the greatest American
07:39 PM on 05/25/2009
You are absolutely wrong.
10:37 AM on 05/24/2009
Could you please put my pro-Israel posts up in response to the anti-Israel LIES posted by SuoerSam and others???
12:29 PM on 05/24/2009
Thanks!
10:01 AM on 05/24/2009
WHAT T-W-O NATIONS??? Jerusalem is the capital of only one nation....Israel!!
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Freenation
09:14 PM on 05/24/2009
keep dreaming...you will wake up soon...sooner the better....
10:41 PM on 05/24/2009
I know the truth and reality just hurts you sooooooooooo bad!
12:06 PM on 05/25/2009
That is only in the minds of SOME Israelis. The world doesn't recognize it and if you think you don't need recognition from the world and its enough to be just valid in your minds. Then SOME Palestinians think Jerusalem is their capital in their minds and its just as valid.
12:25 PM on 05/25/2009
Substantiation 1:
One-hundred and one states recognize the State of Palestine, and 21 more grant some form of diplomatic status to a Palestinian delegation, falling short of full diplomatic recognition.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Palestinian_National_Authority

Substantiation 2:
2. Affirms that the enactment of the "basic law" by Israel constitutes a violation of international law and does not affect the continued application of the Fourth Geneva Convention of 12 August 1949 Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War in the Palestinian and other Arab territories occupied since June 1967, including Jerusalem;
http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Foreign%20Relations/Israels%20Foreign%20Relations%20since%201947/1979-1980/117%20Security%20Council%20Resolution%20478%20-1980-%20on%20Jeru
12:59 AM on 05/24/2009
Considering that giving land and political power to Palestinians has only led to an increase in violence, why would Israelis want to cut their capital city in half? How would that contribute to "peace"?
01:08 AM on 05/24/2009
Giving land? What land are you talking about? Please elaborate. Rewarding Gazans with a seige is not exactly giving land back.
10:00 AM on 05/24/2009
Stop the rfevision of History! Israel UNILATERALLY pulled oput of Gaza ...and got rockets fired up their %$#@ as a thanks from Hamas!!! You KNOW that...why try and change the true facts...noone who is honest and rational believes you!!!
09:13 AM on 05/24/2009
The land isnt Israels to give nor take.

Its a military occupation. It doesnt belong to the Israelis.
BubbaC33
Jimmy Buffett is the greatest American
04:35 PM on 05/24/2009
You could not be more wrong. Well, that isn't true. If moflard had written your posting it would have been more wrong. LOL
12:29 AM on 05/24/2009
Capital of Israel is Jerusalem. Capital of Palestine Authority is Ramallah. That's what it is and will remain for foreseeable future. Regardless, few of Jerusalem residents want to live under Palestinian rule. Last year about 50 thousand Arabs escaped from Palestinian territories into Israel. Many want to become Israeli citizens. While their ideologues try to prevent it.
06:43 AM on 05/24/2009
An undivided Jerusalem capital is not recognized by any country outside Israel. The claim is illigitimate.

No country recognizes Israels occupation and settlement as having legal basis. The whole world is in agreement that the seizing and settlement of occupied land is unlawful. Israel has no support anywhere and it doesnt have a mandate.

The Geneva convention and international law specifically forbids the seizing of land and the building of residential settlements under military protection. Public statements by right-wing Israelis wont change that fact.

The settlers must be removed and the land returned. It is the responsibility of an occupying army to protect civilians under the occupation. Not steal their land and resources.
10:44 AM on 05/24/2009
That's why the Israeli government demolished the illegal homes built by Arabs with no building permits in Jerusalem! Yes-the illegal ARAB SETTLERS on lands won by the Israelis in wars ...must end! I guess you call for them leaving those Israeli-won lands ASAP..TOO!!! Where in Jordan do you suggest they move???
03:11 PM on 05/24/2009
"Not recognized"? Oh please! The existence of Taiwan isn't recognized by virtually any nation. Political recognition is hardly a basis for making a moral claim.

The "Geneva convention" says absolutely nothing regarding Israel's occupation of the West Bank. It was never intended to address a situation in which a country defensively captured land from an aggressor.

http://www.icrc.org/ihl.nsf/INTRO/380?OpenDocument

Read carefully, talkative friend.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Freenation
09:15 PM on 05/24/2009
"Capital of Israel is Jerusalem.":

who says so, not according to UN?
10:44 PM on 05/24/2009
According to ...Israel...which is all that matters! Oh..until you and the big bad UN doess something about it besides ....TALK! I guess you got that user name from the Israelis...a free nation!