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Jack Levison

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A Snake-handler's Lethal Embrace of Religious Ecstasy

Posted: 06/01/2012 3:12 pm

I was driving into downtown Seattle when I heard the news of Randy "Mack" Wolford's death on National Public Radio, in a British accent no less. Randy, a snake-handler in West Virginia, had died -- bitten by a snake and poisoned. Mack had a spare room full of poisonous snakes, and he used to lie down with them, dance with them and fling them around his neck. On May 31, at a big homecoming bash, the flamboyant handler set a snake by his side, and it rose to bite him in the thigh. Eleven hours later, he was dead. Mack died the same way his father had when Mack was 15 years old: by a snake bite during worship.

Hearing about Mack's death took me back to Dennis Covington's riveting book on snake handlers in West Virginia, "Salvation on Sand Mountain," which tells the story of people like Mack, who sounds a lot like Covington's mentor, Brother Cecil, "a man who really gets anointed by the Holy Ghost. He'll get so carried away, he'll use a rattlesnake to wipe the sweat off his brow."

Journalist Covington met the quirky people of rural West Virginia when he covered a murder trial in which another snake-handler tried to kill his wife by holding her hand in a snake cage. He pissed on her, too. She survived. He went to jail. And Dennis Covington got changed.

What changed him? The thrill of ecstasy, the pulse of daring, the restless effort to defy the limits of life. If you've ever driven through rural West Virginia, you see those limits firsthand: deep ravines, curving rivers dotted with chemical plants. It's perennial dusk in some places, a shadowy land without a horizon. Snake-handling, poison-drinking -- these are the things that bring transcendence, light, sunshine to a few dreary churches in the valleys of West Virginia.

Snake-handling is senseless, of course. It's based on spurious biblical manuscripts at the tail end of Mark's Gospel that probably weren't part of the original New Testament documents. And it's dangerous. That, too. But it's also daring. It's the lure of ecstasy. The rush of religious adrenaline. It's like spiritual NASCAR for fundamentalist Christians who don't have two nickels to rub together, as my mother, a dirt poor coal miner's daughter from the mountains outside of Pittsburgh, used to say.

My mother left the mountains. She took the train to Kansas City after World War II. She took a job in Manhattan and married a New Yorker. But Randy "Mack" Wolford? He didn't get out. He stayed put and handled. I don't know if he handled life any better than he handled snakes. But he had his rush of adrenaline -- the rush so many of us yearn for.

I don't want to sanction snake-handling. I don't mean to perpetuate poison-drinking. And I don't want to eulogize Randy "Mack" Wolford for dying in this way. Yet before I dismiss this tragic snake-handler for the absurdity of his faith and his outlandish practices, I need to consider the questions Annie Dillard poses to Christians of comfort like myself:

Does anyone have the foggiest idea what sort of power we so blithely invoke? Or, as I suspect, does no one believe a word of it? ... It is madness to wear ladies' straw hats and velvet hats to church; we should all be wearing crash helmets. Ushers should issue life preservers and signal flares; they should lash us to our pews.

Annie Dillard, and Mack Wolford, too, remind us that there is a whole world out there -- and a part of ourselves -- in search of ecstasy, daring, the edge of experience rather than the safe and secure middle ground of mainline Christianity. The truth of the matter is this. Mack Wolford's death gives us the opportunity not just to belittle and to dismiss what we fail to grasp. Those of us who occupy the secure and sane middle-ground of Christianity can use a dose of adrenaline. Not the rush Mack felt in the presence of poisonous snakes, but a shot of daring and religious audacity.

An overwhelming penchant for ecstasy, however, is imbalanced and, in Mack's case, altogether too dangerous. Our Christian roots do not prize ecstasy at the expense of intellect, emotions without reason. Even at Pentecost, the church's birth Christians celebrated last weekend, Jesus' followers spoke in other tongues, comprehensible dialects: "Amazed and astonished," spectators asked, "How is it that ... in our own languages we hear them speaking about God's praiseworthy acts" (Acts 2:8-11). Theologian Michael Welker is spot on when he draws our attention away from the mighty rushing wind and toward the miracle of comprehension. "The miracle of the baptism in the Spirit lies not in what is difficult to understand or incomprehensible, but in a totally unexpected comprehensibility and in an unbelievable, universal capacity to understand..." When taken over by the spirit, Jesus' followers offered a thoroughly accessible recitation of God's praiseworthy acts. Randy "Mack" Wolford and the swelling ranks of Christians worldwide need to understand that when the spirit filled Jesus' followers, our earliest sources tell us, their response was a clear, intelligent and forceful testimonial to God's praiseworthy acts.

If Christians intend to thrive in the coming century, we could do worse than return to our roots and receive an invitation to a shared hallway in which all of us can walk. Those of us with drastically different experiences of God can learn to embrace ecstasy, even if some of us lean toward chaos and others toward order.

Notes:
Dennis Covington, "Salvation on Sand Mountain" (Penguin, 1996)
Annie Dillard, "Teaching a Stone to Talk" (Harper & Row, 1982)
Michael Welker, "God the Spirit" (Fortress, 1994)

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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
tbmuch
I'm going to take a nap
02:57 AM on 06/04/2012
If I had to prove I had "faith" by handling snakes that crawl on their bellies ( I do from time to time interact with snakes that walk upright, and that's the only thing up-right about them) it would never happen. I have always been more than a little shy of snakes.
ThinkCreeps
Seriously, it's time.
05:57 AM on 06/03/2012
His death is not tragic. Tragedy requires squandered opportunities and talent. He had none.
05:11 AM on 06/05/2012
ThinkCreeps,

All deaths are a tragedy regardless of another man's estimation of the value of that life. Somewhere, along the line you have lost your common sense and decency. When you show little concern and you ridicule another individual's death you diminish yourself before everyone.

What other people believe, even though it is not your own, should be afforded respect. Your posts indicate you have a complete lack of respect for others and yourself. You're remarks are not "cute" nor "funny". You're a sad, twisted individual.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Bob Wood
A.T.C.G...(sigh)
01:02 AM on 06/03/2012
" It ain't what you don't know that gets you into trouble...it's what you know for a certainty...that's wrong..." Mark Twain.
While it's OK to believe the Bible...and believe even poisonous snakes can't harm you...it would be wise to understand that the snake has no such belief...and ultimately...it's the snakes belief that will carry the day...(sigh)
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Deacon2
Namaste y'all
12:47 AM on 06/03/2012
Answer to less Pentecostalists; more snakes.
ThinkCreeps
Seriously, it's time.
05:58 AM on 06/03/2012
Snakes are a good inexpensive start.
It will reduce the number of lions we need to book for phase II.
06:14 AM on 06/03/2012
Really, you went too far with that.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
WhyBeadNormal
I live by the Golden Rule...
12:23 AM on 06/03/2012
This is not ecstasy, it's ignorance. Men with an ego that think they can subdue the flock with gestures that supposedly indicate to others that they are special or chosen.

It's sad how Christians often use their own followers to boost their egos by feeding on the poor and uneducated to support their lavish life styles. I know it's not true of all.....but so many of them I have encountered in my life.

Regarding speaking in tongues........it's gibberish. I was once at a Pentecostal revival in Alabama with a friend when I was 15 and everyone but me started writhing on the floor and whining and crying because the spirit had supposedly overtaken them. Since I was the only one left sitting in a pew, the traveling evangelist leapt over a dozen rows to get to me and "banish the devil from this child" as he shouted while he grabbed a hold of my head and anointed my forehead. I was only able to keep from laughing because that evangelist coming at me so fast sort of scared me.

I have never been to church since because I saw it for what it was....a gimmick to intimidate ignorant people, of which I am not one of.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
umbriago
The Tooth Shall Set My Fee
10:13 PM on 06/02/2012
"....a shot of daring and religious audacity."

Isn't that what the guys who flew the planes into the World Trade Center were after?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
jamieson44
09:28 PM on 06/02/2012
Scripture in the the Bible referring to snake handling and speaking in tongue, Mark C16 v17-18, were not in the original New Testament. I don't know what it will take for people to understand that the Bible's authorship is man not God.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
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06:19 PM on 06/02/2012
I think we have a winner for this year's Darwin Award. Beneficial natural selection at work.
ThinkCreeps
Seriously, it's time.
06:32 AM on 06/03/2012
Didn't work for his dad.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
TheApostate
blasphemy for a half century
05:49 PM on 06/02/2012
Regardless of the geography, this qualifies as stupid anywhere.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
thinkingwomanmillstone
great, green, globs of greasy grimey GOPerspeak.
05:36 PM on 06/02/2012
Snake handling isn't "daring". Running across a busy road at rush hour without looking isn't daring either. They're both equally stupid. Some people use drugs to feel that "ecstasy"...others use religion. Both are mind numbing and cause people to do "senseless" (the author's more PC word choice vs. my preference for the word stupid) acts.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
whirlpool
founder walnut tree congregation
03:17 PM on 06/02/2012
How ironic you should quote Annie Dillard. Her book Holy the Firm is one of the most astonishing books about "god" I have ever read. To here each day is a different god of nature and some are beautiful and some are terrifying and some are both at the same time. The only way to fully encounter god is in nature and then only at the margins. It is dangerous. One cannot see god and live. The wild gods of nature have certainly tried to kill me a number of times. As for rattlesnakes as a child we encountered them on basically every fishing and camping trip we took in the Great Basin of Oregon. They wanted to go their way and we wanted to go ours so we left each other alone.
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Turdinthepunchbowl
I float, therefore I am
01:41 PM on 06/02/2012
Huckleberries and "venomous" snakes don't mix.
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11:38 AM on 06/02/2012
"Snake-handling, poison-drinking -- these are the things that bring transcendence, light, sunshine to a few dreary churches in the valleys of West Virginia."
"An overwhelming penchant for ecstasy, however, is imbalanced and, in Mack's case, altogether too dangerous."

Yes, believers should aim for a well-balanced crazy.
ThinkCreeps
Seriously, it's time.
06:33 AM on 06/03/2012
Or a bus. It's only four hours to civilization.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Gas-Bag
There's nothing endearing about perfection.
10:50 PM on 06/04/2012
Lol !!!
09:30 AM on 06/02/2012
Snake handling is the Russian Roulette of religious suicide.
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mrkurtzhedead
I'll be back, when it's dark!
08:32 AM on 06/02/2012
"...that probably weren't part of the original New Testament documents."

Ha! Where do I start with this?