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Denial of Facts Is No Way to Understand Science

Posted: 12/07/2011 6:04 pm

On Thursday Dec. 1, Globe and Mail columnist Margaret Wente declared herself a defender of scientific integrity by calling upon the scientific community to replace the “rhetoric” of climate change with open, honest debate.

According to Wente, the impacts of climate change remain a future fantasy, unquantifiable by data collected through “insanely complicated” climate science. Her perspective is informed by the omission of facts, falsehoods, and fake experts. In a dance with smoke and mirrors she creates issues where none exist and ignores others that do.

There was a time when I couldn’t understand what motivated writers like Wente to stand so firmly against such clear and solid science. The psychology of “confirmation bias” has provided the answer for me. 

Like all of us, Wente has her biases, and most of us, like her, like to have those biases confirmed. So we seek out the information that confirms what we already believe and disregard that information that might prove us wrong.

As a columnist, Wente presents the information which confirms her ideological beliefs as truths and facts to the readers of the Globe and Mail. She excels as a columnist in part because she mocks and jeers her detractors. This pleases the people who agree with her but makes her loathed by those who don’t.  It provokes reaction on both sides and eliminates any possibility of civil conversation.

When it comes to climate change she suffers from an extreme case of motivated reasoning. She has to ignore the concerns and views of virtually all of the world’s scientific academies and rely on the views of oil industry-funded groups like the Fraser Institute as she scrounges for shreds of evidence to back up her contrary view of climate science.

In the fantastical future Wente claims climate scientists are inventing, “the seas will rise, the glaciers will melt, the hurricanes will blow, the forest fires will rage.”

But climate change and its consequences are not mere predictions. We live in a world that is already affected by rising global temperatures, with more frequent and more intense heat waves, more powerful hurricanes, increasing numbers of forest fires, floods and droughts. These changes are consistent with the climate data on which future predictions are built.

In November, the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a report on the impacts and costs of rising global temperatures, with suggestions on mitigating the damage. The report points out that although it is difficult to attribute single extreme events to anthropogenic climate change, increased global temperatures do contribute to the extreme weather trends and those are already underway.

Wente admits to her lack of scientific credentials, but immediately attacks the world’s leading climate scientists. Their own lack of certainty about the earth’s changing climate and its causes, she implies, is clearly demonstrated by the “so-called Climategate affair.”  

The private emails between the world’s top scientists were stolen, misquoted and published as a massive accusation that the science behind climate change has been fabricated.

Wente mentions that Climategate has been "widely dismissed," yet goes on to re-state the initial false claims made through the "affair." In this, she confirms research on “confirmation bias” that proves people who read false information continue to believe it even after it has been corrected, especially if the misinformation confirms their ideological perspectives.  

Whether she is aware of it or not, Ms. Wente has become part of an “echo chamber” of misinformation created through Climategate. Following the original theft of the emails, right wing groups in the US including the American Enterprise Institute, the Cato Institute, and the Heritage Foundation – to name a few – made sure the scandal’s message (climate change science is a hoax) was repeated publicly as much as possible.

She avoids mentioning that nine independent inquiries exonerated the scientists and their work, proving the biggest scandal of 2009 to be a fake scandal. After all of this, Wente still thinks the lie is worth repeating.

Happily duped into repeating and publishing proven falsehoods, Wente has not helped her readers gain any better understanding of “the Climategate affair”. A proper explanation of Climategate would include the facts about who funded it.

Koch Industries, owned by brothers Charles and David Koch have generously donated some $50 million of their company’s fortune to fund the same industry front groups and right wing think-tanks that bolstered Climategate. The Kochs' business activities range from the manufacturing, refining and distribution of petroleum, as well as the production of chemicals, energy, fiber, minerals, fertilizers, pulp and paper. In 2009 alone, Koch Industries paid more than half a billion dollars in fines for environmental damages. 

Looking for back-up on her false assertions on Climategate, Wente refers to economics professor Ross McKitrick. He agrees with her that Climategate proves climate science is phony, and thinks the IPCC should change its process entirely.

Surely, she knows that McKitrick is a fellow at the Fraser Institute (given $175,000 by Koch foundations between 2005 and 2008) and is affiliated with numerous other industry-funded think tanks. He is an open skeptic of climate science, and a perfect validator for Wente’s entrenched beliefs - and he has no credentials in atmospheric science whatsoever.

A recent study by Yale University law Professor Dan Kahan would suggest that Wente and McKitrick have a lot more in common than their view on climate change. Kahan surveyed more than 1,500 Americans and found that their cultural values had a far greater impact on their view of climate change than their level of scientific literacy. Most people who tended towards a view of the world that is hierarchical and individualistic were more skeptical of environmental risks including climate change than people whose outlook was communal and egalitarian. 

Margaret Wente is only human, and is as susceptible to her own biases as anyone else. As a journalist, however, she needs to be held accountable for her errors and omissions. While misinformed vitriol may provoke reactions, and may even sell newspapers, the Globe and Mail and other newspapers should be held accountable for the accuracy of the material they choose to publish.

If misinformation is the new journalistic standard, then people will only absorb more media that re-enforces their own opinions, and the possibility for consensus on any issue will be lost.

 

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artleads
Let's have a national retreat.
12:31 PM on 12/08/2011
Good article. Among other things it shows the direct relationship of to climate denial to authoritarian, hierarchical thinking in other spheres of life.
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CanadaStan
Cogito ergo spud, I think, therefore I yam
12:27 PM on 12/08/2011
Follow the money, the UN wants 100 billion a year from us...
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gallon
Those who fail to remember history are, um
02:25 PM on 12/08/2011
Following the money, we find that Big Fossil Fuel hopes to distract us with climate confusion whilst they extract just a few more trillion in free profit.

Moral of the story, never accept climate advice from a loudmouth chicken.

By the way, chicken, why Did you cross the road?
ThinkCreeps
Seriously, it's time.
08:20 AM on 12/08/2011
You are very charitable in describing Wente as a "contrarian with issues of confirmation bias". There are an abundance of more colourful descriptive terms.
07:31 AM on 12/08/2011
There are many many reasons to transition away from the burning up of fossil fuels and to do it as quickly as possible.

National security is just one of these reasons.
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doriath22
Born-again Jacobin. Robespierre had the right idea
07:02 AM on 12/08/2011
I generally agree, but I wish Mr. Hoggan would choose his words a little better. Describing the scientists whose personal e-mails were STOLEN as having been "exonerated" is rather like saying that the Democratic National Committee had been "exonerated" in the wake of the Watergate break ins. I should think that vindicated would be a far more appropriate word.
12:24 AM on 12/08/2011
You know, letting people with no scientific background comment on the science of climate change is not all that different from letting people with no medical background perform open heart surgery. Sure, the doctor is not going to know everything about the human body, but he's a little more knowledgeable than the average guy off the street.
12:08 AM on 12/08/2011
Scientific literacy dictates that only those whose paycheck depends on it, could believe that a trace gas present at only 4 parts in 10,000, could control climate.
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lbsaltzman
Permaculture and Sustainability
05:34 AM on 12/08/2011
In one sentence you make a wild accusation against the integrity of large numbers of climate scientists. And you display complete ignorance of radiative physics to conclude a trace gas, C02, can't affect the climate. You grossly under estimate what a 40% rise in that gas is doing and is going to do to the atmosphere. There are many substances which it only takes a very small "trace amount" of to do great harm to human being or other animal. CO2 in small quantities is all it takes to warm and destabilize the climate of this planet.
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hardycross
08:23 AM on 12/08/2011
The reigning climate "scientists" destroyed the reputation of climate science. It is gone. One only has to read the exposes resulting from the Climategate emails to see how.

And you can't compare CO2 to cyanide since we breathe CO2. The world has wizened up to the CO2 scam. Thanks to the wonderful person that blew the whistle.
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doriath22
Born-again Jacobin. Robespierre had the right idea
07:04 AM on 12/08/2011
And that is a breathtakingly ignorant thing to say.
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CanadaStan
Cogito ergo spud, I think, therefore I yam
11:27 PM on 12/07/2011
Someone seems to be ignoring the beam in their own eye....
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gallon
Those who fail to remember history are, um
02:46 PM on 12/08/2011
Hey chicken, which really did come first?
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MassWG
10:44 PM on 12/07/2011
"We live in a world that is already affected by rising global temperatures, with more frequent and more intense heat waves, more powerful hurricanes, increasing numbers of forest fires, floods and droughts. These changes are consistent with the climate data on which future predictions are built."

Perhaps consistent with, but not proof OF, the potential sustained accuracy of any future predictions. We won't know until we know.
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MikeWebster
Always happy.
12:53 AM on 12/08/2011
We know it's going to keep getting hotter. You don't need any models to predict that that will happen, given the ongoing and increasing heat being added to the Earth and it's atmosphere.
10:05 PM on 12/07/2011
Wait until Climate Gate 2.0 emails start to surface. They are uglier than the first round. But as far as facts go, scientists internationally, and many formerly with the UN, are jumping the ship.
http://www.climatedepot.com/a/9035/SPECIAL-REPORT-More-Than-1000-International-Scientists-Dissent-Over-ManMade-Global-Warming-Claims--Challenge-UN-IPCC--Gore
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MikeWebster
Always happy.
12:08 AM on 12/08/2011
Another Marc Morano snow job. As usual, I wonder how many of the scientists cited actually realise that their names are being used by a fossil fuels propagandist.

BTW: The climategate 2.0 emails, are just the remainder from the original breakin. There's no chance of there being anything in them, given the lack of substance in the first round of slanders.
11:16 AM on 12/08/2011
In fact, there was substance in the first round of emails. What I have seen so far from the second batch, which is much, much larger, is more detail fleshing out many of the biases indicated in the first batch. We shall see how many more smoking guns turn up.
05:43 PM on 12/08/2011
What about the 220k emails hidden behind the encryption - subject to the FOIA -

Would be nice to see all those. Then we can all the context, instead of just cherry picked data.
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MikeWebster
Always happy.
09:09 PM on 12/07/2011
The essence of doing science, or indeed in rationally evaluating information of any sort, is to understand that the conclusions that the evidence forces on you, may well be antagonistic to your preferred view of the world.

This is why climate science, that uses evidence, is a genuinely objective scientific pursuit, and why the deniers are simply sophists, engaged in winning rhetorical arguments, with themselves and others, so that they can avoid having to look at evidence.

The amount of ridiculous philosophy about how people can be wrong, and how consensus can be wrong, I've seen put up by deniers to avoid looking at facts is unbelievable.

The deniers are not only incapable of an objective evaluation of facts and evidence, they are extremely unsophisticated in their transparent attempts to justify their denial of reality.
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hardycross
07:29 PM on 12/07/2011
Yet not a single study linking CO2 to climate change.
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MikeWebster
Always happy.
09:04 PM on 12/07/2011
Apart from the thousands that have, at least. Of course, why look at facts? They might contradict your prejudices.
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hardycross
10:07 PM on 12/07/2011
Name one. Preferably by no one indicted by the climategate emails 2.0.
11:03 PM on 12/07/2011
OK...give us one!
09:14 PM on 12/07/2011
Of course there are. What scares you so much about science?
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MikeWebster
Always happy.
12:09 AM on 12/08/2011
Science is inherently scary, because the conclusions it leads to, may well not be in accordance with one's existing prejudices.