iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
James Miller

GET UPDATES FROM James Miller
 

Why There Will Be a No-Fly Zone in Syria

Posted: 12/02/11 06:15 PM ET

With each passing day, the reasons for avoiding intervention in Syria are falling by the wayside. The conflict is escalating, the humanitarian crisis is deepening, the opposition is organizing, and the geopolitical situation is becoming more favorable.

A no-fly zone is finally -- and clearly -- advantageous to the Syrian people.

First, a look back at the world's response, to be vindicated by history, to the crisis in Libya. Here was a case where the advocacy of the support of democracy, not only for humanitarian and moral reasons but as a geopolitical strategy, could take effect. U.S. officials had eventually understood that the Arab Spring could undo threats to regional and world security -- significantly and ironically, spurred by the U.S. in the previous decade. The "domino effect," the misguided declaration of the Iraq War that this was the start of a chain of liberating events was finally coming true, but not at the hands of the American military.

Secretary of State Hillary Clinton realized this, perhaps too late for some, but in time to convince President Obama, who convinced NATO and the UN, who launched the no-fly zone that empowered the National Transitional Council's fighters and led to the toppling of Muammar Gaddafi. In March, I wrote that Clinton understood that Gaddafi "wasn't bombing a rebellion, he was bombing a movement". The American support of that movement, in co-ordination with the Arab League, European partners, and the United Nations, would be vital in ensuring Gaddafi did not bomb the spirit of the Arab Spring into submission.

And success in Libya has helped reignited protests, particularly in Yemen and Syria. With each advance against Gaddafi, other movements took heart, and with the fall of a man who had dominated for 42 years, the Free Syrian Army picked up new recruits, the Syrian protesters took the mantle of wave for reform and right, and President Assad took his place as the next domino.

On Thursday, the revelation was that the Free Syrian Army, the defected soldiers who make up the militant arm of the opposition, had agreed to coordinate its efforts with the Syrian National Council, a group of dissident political leaders headed by expatriates. The SFA, an organization with respect in the streets but which had been condemned by the opposition's political leaders for advocating violence, was finally recognized by the opposition leaders, as it vowed restraint. The SNC, an organization which had struggled to achieve legitimacy across a range of opposition movements, will now likely be recognized as the official political arm by many, with the SFA as its the military wing. Finally, the opposition has the strength, the recognition, the organization, and the unity that it has been seeking. This could allow international players to anchor their efforts in the sky to a political and a military effort on the ground.

While this new opposition has vowed to protect civilians and only fire in self-defense, the regime, which will not suffer a rival, will continue attacks against those civilians and dissenters. The only way to stop this will be to chip away at President Assad's military.

Defections are on the rise, and those quitting the regime's forces are reporting that there are many more who would join the opposition if they had a degree of protection. In the last few weeks, defectors from an armored division blew up five of their tanks rather than taking them with them after they realized that if they did not flee on foot, the Syrian Air Force would destroy the vehicles anyway. Within an hour of the first report, warplanes were reported in the area.

The defecting soldiers are calling for a no-fly zone, the protesters in the streets are calling for it, human rights activists are requesting it, and the prospect of mass defections is encouraging for it.

Turkey, France, and Jordan (reluctantly) have come to this conclusion. Turkish Prime Minister Recep Erdogan has come to understand that if he is not the champion of resistance to Assad, he could be its victim. His border is threatened, a major trade route is blocked by chaos, his territory is increasingly flooded with refugees, and one of his major allies is now a liability.

Erdogan, in his push for a no-fly zone, needed an Arab State to join him. He found it in Jordan, scared of a dragged-out crisis on its doorstep. France takes the lead for Europe, after the boost of its victory in Libya, and a president who wants to show his population that he is willing to fight for freedom in the Middle East. The prospect grows that the European Union and Arab League will give tacit approval (at least), as more nation-states realize that they can either topple the Assad regime or risk the consequences of not doing so.

The moral reasons for a no-fly zone have only grown as the humanitarian crisis has worsened. The geopolitical incentives are stronger than ever. Now the logistical and practical possibilities are emerging.

There will be a no-fly zone, with or without U.S. participation. Turkey wants it, France is chomping at the bit for it, and at the end of the day the rest of the world will realize that there is at least one more domino that needs to fall.

 

Follow James Miller on Twitter: www.twitter.com/JMiller_EA

With each passing day, the reasons for avoiding intervention in Syria are falling by the wayside. The conflict is escalating, the humanitarian crisis is deepening, the opposition is organizing, and th...
With each passing day, the reasons for avoiding intervention in Syria are falling by the wayside. The conflict is escalating, the humanitarian crisis is deepening, the opposition is organizing, and th...
 
 
  • Comments
  • 25
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Recency  | 
Popularity
08:29 PM on 12/04/2011
The Russians can stop such foolishness and should.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
last boomer
I can no longer shop happily
10:16 AM on 12/04/2011
I think ultimately Syria will end up being liberated the same way Libya was. Obviously, a no-fly zone is still a few weeks away. Right now the opposition in Syria need to keep getting stronger, attracting deserters, establishing a perimeter in their strongholds and striking outward, creating new outbursts of rage and making it impossible for the Regime to do anything but retreat. It would be great to see those Arab League countries use their modern air forces to bring freedom to the Syrian people. Why can't this formula work again?
12:15 AM on 12/04/2011
no fly zone is meaningless in Syria because Assad is not using Helicopter Gunships or planes, He is using Tanks and APCs. Now, if you can find a way to establish a No-Tank Zone without invading Syria, let's have it.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Progressive forever
Think free and you shall be
12:29 AM on 12/04/2011
How about complete blocade of Petrol, Oil and Lubricants along with ammunition. Still leaves what he has in stock but there will be an end.
12:42 AM on 12/04/2011
Syria is an oil exporter, although not a big one and makes its own oil, lubricants and ammunition.
08:23 PM on 12/03/2011
Comparing the Libyan air defense system to the Syrian air defense system is comparing a slingshot to an ICBM. The reason it's not on the table right now is because NATO probably doesn't have a plan that will work. That does not mean unilateral action by neighbor Turkey won't happen, but nobody in the neighborhood wants it anyway because of the stream of refugees they will get as a result.
Taking "no-fly" out of context is easy, placing it in the middle of the consequences creates a quagmire beyond what the world just witnessed in Libya. There is another way, and certainly the Free Syrian Army is already working on it incommunicado.
11:48 AM on 12/04/2011
AFAIK according to some speculations after 2008 Syria got an upgrade of their AA defences thanks to Israeli selling their weapons to the Georgians. So right now the Iraeli breach of syrian AA grid in 2007 can't be really taken as standard as really nobody knows what version of upgrades if any they recived in 2008. Russia is known to export downgraded systems keeping the latest tech for themselves. They might make an exception if somebody pisses them off enough like Israelis did in 2008 (there was gentelmens agreament that Israel will stop it's sales of weapons to the Georgians which was breached and Georgian minister of integration of breakaway provinces was Israeli citizen at the time).
Turkey won't go alone. Their military is strong but not strong enough. It is NATO or nothing. IMHO Israel will keep away as any Israeli action will just help Assad and bring undecided to his fold and any action will have repercussions in the South Lebanon and/or Golan heights
photo
wom122
Primum non nocere
05:15 PM on 12/03/2011
Assad has not used, or even threatened to use his air force against the rebels so why the "no fly zone"? Unless the no fly zone is a code name for bombing as many innocents as it takes so the rest can live democratically ever after...
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Martin Houde
I am no microbe
05:02 PM on 12/03/2011
I don't see that happening. The Arab League will not let another "no-fly zone" be established over Syria, after the first one over Libya was much more than a no-fly zone. Second, another UN Security Council resolution for a no-fly zone will not be forthcoming.

Gaddafi was an unpredictable pariah ever amongst his Arab peers. Assad is not. Syria is much more important and influencial in the region than Libya. Geopolitical ramifications run much deeper. And the opposition movement in Syria is still far from the one we saw in Libya. Protests have not really reached the two most important Syrian cities yet, Aleppo and Damascus. The regime, while losing ground, is still far more powerful than Gaddafi's was. And Syria is a much denser country, population wise. A bombing campaign would claim much higher rates of "collateral" casualties.

France might be chumping at the bit. But I don't think the British are, nor the Americans. Turkey and France would act almost alone if that happens. Turkey might act on its own (as it is involved by default, being a border country), but France would not go as the lone standard bearer for Western NATO. Israel will do all it can to stop any action in Syria. It will never trust a Syrian popular movement.

Remember that France was not involved in the Iraq mess, and doesn't bear its scars. The UK and US were, and Syria is dangerously close to Baghdad, and Israel.
05:43 PM on 12/03/2011
Not to mention a couple of million Iraqi refugees that found shelter in Syria during the most murderous phases of occupation and civil war. In that part of the world they have long memories.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
rbenjamin
Rule 5 rules
02:55 PM on 12/03/2011
Just to be clear. Is Mr. Miller talking about a complete take down of the Syrian air force and air defense system by means cruise missiles, stealth AC, strike drones etc, followed by a standing combat air patrol?
photo
Wozzeck
Pearl Bay, Australia
02:16 PM on 12/03/2011
Why there WON"T be a no-fly zone in Syria:

"It's Pentagon/NATO versus the BRICS
Both sides are staking out their territory across the Middle East as BRICS countries warn the West about interventions."
http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2011/11/2011112991711150824.html#.TtZZ0PUSke0.gmail
12:25 PM on 12/03/2011
lt is time for Syria to Iegalize the Syrian MusIim Brotherhoo­­­­­d lead by Mohammad Riad Shaqfa, and have free democratic eIections immediateI­y. Syrians know that Burhan Ghalioun and the roghe SNC is sold to the US/isreali­s, that is why they represent nobody in Syria. Syrians know that any craze that supports the destructio­n of Syria will get the US mainstream media war propaganda support of the US/isreali­s. That is why they will never get the support of the Syrians.
11:28 AM on 12/03/2011
There is one difference between Syria and Lybia. In the case of Libya that was a Security Counsil mandate for a no fly zone. There is no way china and russia will go along with a no fly zone in the SC. Assad is too valuable to russia.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
rbenjamin
Rule 5 rules
05:29 PM on 12/03/2011
There are a ton of other differences, but you've made a good start.
photo
Wozzeck
Pearl Bay, Australia
10:04 AM on 12/03/2011
Pepe Escobar's analysis of intervention in Syria offers a less sanguine view of the motives of the same actors who bombed Libya under the guise of humanitarian relief:
http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/ML02Ak01.html
photo
HUFFPOST BLOGGER
James Miller
Middle East Correspondent, Live-Blogger
11:02 AM on 12/03/2011
Assad's version of events, and thus Escobar's version of events, was addressed here months ago, though I would note that I could easily make an update like this one... http://www.huffingtonpost.com/james-miller/the-truth-about-assads-ve_b_923146.html

...just about every week.
11:25 AM on 12/04/2011
So anyone not taking the reports at face value supports Assad version of events?
Some of us especcialy those who are from ex dictatorial regimes (communist, military dictatorships...) are used to question our sources and take them with a pinch of salt. Quite frankly i find such belief in some unverifieble reports rather naive. To be more exact western media/propaganda is way more crude (some unsavory character called it atrocity propaganda) than what i'm used to. Call me a cynic but on the long run cynics are right (remeber Iraq 1 and 2, or Yugoslavia?)
photo
wom122
Primum non nocere
05:12 PM on 12/03/2011
Great analysis!
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
rbenjamin
Rule 5 rules
05:51 PM on 12/03/2011
The AlJaz piece is an analysis. AsiaTimes OL has published a screed.
08:25 AM on 12/03/2011
Well IMHO this ain't gonna happen. Simple as that, Russia drew the line in the sand in regards of Syria. The last time no-fly zone was declared (Lybia) Russia and China were duped and it was used as pretext for bombing missions that had nothing to do with enforcing no-fly zone. NATO, EU and US now have to choose between intervention in Syria and all out conflict with Russia and possibly China.
Do you really think that recent statement from Russian president regarding the missile shield (including openly stating that any part of such system in Europe will be targetted by russian cruise missiles) was just a russian interior policy trick? Well if you do then i seriously doubt any of your analysis. Russia made quite clear that there will be no new Lybia. It will also significantly change russian actions regarding other trouble spots in which they do or don't do specific actions as per REQUEST of the US.
For example Russia-Iran deal on S-300 AA systems is held back only at US request. Since AA systems like S-300 and its more modern versions are air defence weapons they do not come under the embargo and Russia did make that fact known. So trying to enact a no-fly zone in Syria means at minimum Iran gets quite a few modern systems.
Satirist1
All 4 d best in the best of all possible worlds
10:02 AM on 12/03/2011
Russia an China can be easily dealt with. But requires diplomatic finesse and ability to use necessary levels of realpolitik, few in current administration possesses. Least of all the Boss.
Russians mostly interested in protecting the contracts and weapons sales in Syria, not propping up Assad. They want to be in on whatever happens post-Assad. Oh... three letters W.T.O. Use the leverage.
11:30 AM on 12/03/2011
the also like the fact that they can use a port in syria for their access to mediteranian.
05:03 PM on 12/03/2011
You think. Where do you see finesse and realpolitik in this and previous administration and god forbid in future administration if any of the republican crazies win? Pushing with missile shield, negating agreament about not extending NATO toward Russian border, US support for Georgian attack during 2008 war, recognition of mafia state of Kosovo..... They had enough of being pushed to the curb. As for Chinese: who will finance this war. EU is bancrupt and US is not far behind. China financed the Iraq war and thanks to increadibly "smart" previous administration China now has US by the balls financialy. Why nowdays nobody screams about devaluing Yuan anymore? Answer is in one sentance the Chinese finance minister said which boiled down to this: "If we loose money in trade with US we will have to get it by other means like selling some of the US bonds". And trust me Chinese already started to play rough in financial world. They have the leverage.