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A Tale of Two Economies and the Inequality Dragon

Posted: 08/27/11 12:28 AM ET

Friday morning's GDP data reveal that growth in the second quarter was a little slower than we thought -- revised down to 1% from 1.3%. With 0.4% in the first quarter, that means growth in the first half of the year amounts to about 0.7%. Recall that it takes growth at trend -- about 2.5%-to just keep unemployment from rising, and you will understand my incessant clamoring for someone to do something. Like FAST!, for example.

There's another reason for the urgency. You can also see in these data the resurgence of income and wealth inequality. There's quite a lag to the inequality data, so no one knows what the trends in income or wealth disparities look like post-2008, e.g. What with high unemployment and weak middle-class earnings, along with solid corporate profits, one assumes that after taking a hit in the downturn, wealth accumulation is "back on track" as it were. That's certainly been the pattern of the last two recessions/recoveries.

Today's data provides some evidence in support of that expectation. The first figure below shows the recent trends, up through last quarter, in corporate profits and workers' compensation as a share of GDP.

2011-08-26-corp_prof_comp.png
Source: BEA


As you can see, corporate profits have not only recovered their post-recession highs, they've surpassed it. And compensation as a share of the economy is far lower. You can also compare how different these patterns look compared to last recession in 2001, when the income shifts were not nearly so sharp.

It's truly a picture of two very different economies, one for those who depend on their paychecks and one for those who depend on their portfolios. And yes, there's an intersection of those two groups -- corporate profits do not solely enrich the haves -- but that's more of nuance.

The key point remains that even at less than one percent growth, stagnant real wages, and a sharp decline in the compensation share, corporate profits have more than recovered. Clearly, these corporations are selling into emerging markets, tapping productivity gains without hiring, and trading financial instruments. Nothing inherently wrong with that, unless it's the only thing that going right in this economy. Which it kinda is.

A few weeks ago I discussed the deeply corrosive impact of such extreme wealth concentration, as it shuts down new ideas that can correct this destructive trend. And just last night, I worried that we're losing our ability to self-correct.

The image of the above figure should be viewed as a big, scary dragon of sorts, as in the next figure. And we must stop its flight before it devours what's great about America.

2011-08-26-corp_prof_comp4.png


This post originally appeared at Jared Bernstein's On The Economy blog.

 
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
new 10 ole ole
11:19 AM on 09/02/2011
The glaring wealth disparity is not a zero sum game. Just because one group has outstripped growth of another does not mean the same oxygen has been stripped from other breathing organisms.

The enviroment is contributing to the problem.

When Dems are in power they buttress the "downtrodden" amongst us. Oftentimes the downtrodden feel inferior and perpetuate thier own "self worth" imagery based on liberal vision of their "downtroddenness" (if that is a word?).

When gop is in power they oftentimes give tax breaks in hopes that more Fed taxes will eventually "flow" from expansionary business growth. This worked for JFK and to a certain extent for other presidents; however, now is not the time this will work. Giving more cash to the businessmen means they make even more money exploiting "BRIC" nation investments.

Demonizing the "rich" for a while, and, then "demonizing" the "poor" for a while is a game we have to stop playing.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Scott EngageAmerica
05:50 PM on 08/30/2011
Like Jared said, there is nothing inherently wrong with the recovery corporate profits due to selling into emerging markets, tapping productivity gains without hiring, and trading financial instruments, in fact these things normal are boons to the economy and higher tax revenues. What is problematic is that with un- and underemployment comes stagnant and declining wages and workers' compensation as competition drives down the playing field.

What we need now is a way to raise compensation without damaging profits or further adding to our indebted federal government. Some stimulus spending may be necessary, but our debt and deficits are already out of control. In fact, the Congressional Budget Office projects that by 2021 federal debt will be over $20 trillion (http://eng.am/nviSti).
04:06 AM on 08/29/2011
Mr. Bernstein:

a) Wouldn’t Wage-to-National Income be a better measure of labors share of national income than, say, Comp-to-GDP? Pre-recession research shows that it has stayed stable over the last several decades, wouldn’t that make it a non-problem?

http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1121743

b) Wouldn’t you expect corporate profits to go up, in an uncertain economic environment in which Keynesian stimulus is dumped into the market allowing corporations to profit take? After all, who in their right mind would expect corporations to hire for long-term sustainable jobs, based on short-term unsustainable Keynesian stimulus? Throw in the disincentives to hire, like Obamacare, and it is certain that companies will look to do more with less.

c) You keep returning to inequality as a boogieman, but have we seen any proof that America is suffering from income inequality (wealth inequality is a nonstarter issue), even so why is it bad since another phrase for â€income inequality’ is â€meritocratic pay’ or â€effort inequality’, and finally, how would taking from the rich make either party better off?

d) Wouldn’t it be better for you to attack the poor for their contribution to a culture of poverty: poverty of effort, poverty of will, poverty of morals, poverty of individual self determination, etc?

Kai
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08:58 PM on 08/28/2011
What I find disturbing about the graph is that the % of GDP going to corporate profits was actually declining during the last half of the second W administration, while compensation kind of bobbed along.

Now, I supported Obama, but I do think he took a lot of bad advice. From one Larry Summers in particular. And took a lot of tainted money from Wall Street.

Look at how corporate profits have soared and compensation has plummeted.

We need to find an FDR to Obama's Hoover.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
tweed7t
wear sunscreen and dance
07:45 PM on 08/28/2011
thanks Jared for letting it known to the republicans how to hurt the economy by not extending the holiday payroll tax and unemployment benefits. :-( just kidding, ya know i luv ya.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
01:42 PM on 08/28/2011
Much of this data comes from the CIA World Factbook, such as the income inequality info, which shows the U.S. has worse income inequality than Egypt.

http://8020vision.com/2011/02/05/what-feeds-a-revolution/
What feeds a revolution?

"...Worth noting: The real US unemployment rate is about 16%, when considering the more comprehensive U6 Rate. The US has the highest income inequality of all the countries considered in the list above. The US ranks with Rwanda and Uganda. For more on that, see the recent 8020 Vision article When Does the Wealth of a Nation Hurt its Wellbeing?

I am glad Blow listed food as one of the metrics to consider. There is a proverb that governments ignore at their peril:

“Lo que separa la civilización de la anarquía son solo siete comidas.”
(Civilization and anarchy are only seven meals apart.)

—Spanish proverb..."
12:49 PM on 08/28/2011
I've been following Jared Bernstein's posts and predictions for roughly 3 years now; since Obama appointed him to be the guy who explained the economy to Joe Biden so it would appear to most people that Biden knew something about the state of the nation so as to not further embarrass the President. Well! I can tell you that virtually EVERYTHING that Jared Bernstein thought, predicted or expected to happened, failed to come to fruition. I mean this guy is pretty much clueless when it comes to understanding how this country operates. And YES Jared, if you want some FREE information. Send me an email. I'm a small businessman, and I DO UNDERSTAND IT A HELL OF A LOT BETTER THAN YOU.
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11:48 AM on 08/28/2011
The time is now! All across the world, Lybia, Syria, Egypt, Latin America, the UK, Greece even the Tea Party, grass roots movements are taking to the streets making the effort to send powerful and serious statements...we no longer will submit to this kind of leadership. A betrayed American public, a failed government, a corrupt and "bought" political system (the so called voting system), and still even now we are going to do just as we have done for over 400 years; march to the polls mooing and bleating like cows and sheep, vote for a candidate that's already been "bought and paid for" by the wealthy oligarchy in our country, and be subject to them and their rules for how ever long they can manipulate their term.

I will not vote for another "public criminal" this election to save my soul. The need for us to become independently supportive by grass roots foundations is the only message that the government will understand. I recommend as a nation that we do not "vote" this election, that we boycott the "election" booths, and work towards a change in the US Constitution and its amendments to reflect the changes that we the people want.
01:45 PM on 08/28/2011
"...over 400 years..."


Huh?!?!?

Change the US Constitution and it's amendments by "boycotting the 'election' booths" !??!?!

Say what?!?!?

Do you even think about this stuff before you say it?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
PotomacOracle
The Solution:debt free credit clearing systems
11:13 AM on 08/28/2011
Another imminent threat can be found here: www.shadfowstats.com This site uses "official data" and recalculates GDP, Inflation and unemployment according to traditionally accepted methodologies as well as the newer "politically driven" methodologies designed to suppress the enormity of the problem of slow GDP growth, real inflation and those Americans no longer active in the labor force.

Have you ever wondered why the CPI, GDP and employment numbers run counter to your personal and business experiences? The problem lies in biased and often-manipulated government reporting.

The SGS-Alternate GDP reflects the inflation-adjusted, or real, year-to-year GDP change, adjusted for distortions in government inflation usage and methodological changes that have resulted in a built-in upside bias to official reporting.

Currently real Shadow Gov Stats (SGS) unemployment is at 22%.

The SGS-Alternate Unemployment Rate reflects current unemployment reporting methodology adjusted for the significant portion of ""discouraged workers"" defined away in 1994, during the Clinton Administration.

The BLS estimate of the U-6 unemployment rate includes discouraged workers as currently defined (discouraged less than one year). That measure is adjusted to include the SGS estimate of the long-term discouraged workers -- those discouraged for more than one year -- who no longer are included in the BLS calculations.

http://www.shadowstats.com/
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Robert SF
12:26 PM on 08/28/2011
Yep, that's a good site. And before anyone suggests that it's a wild-eyed conspiracy site with crazy numbers pulled out of the air, keep in mind that even by the government's numbers, U6 is at 18%. It's just that the government prefers to use U3 as the official number.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
PotomacOracle
The Solution:debt free credit clearing systems
10:52 AM on 08/28/2011
All great civilizations fail when the disparity in the distribution of wealth relegates a majority of citizens to the ranks of those who have nothing to lose.

Recourse to petitioning elected officials becomes a fools errand.

Emergence of populist leaders will be impossible given the technology of Black Ops Teams.

Only the masses remain to decide whether to subsist as perpetual debt slaves or flourish as free and independent worrior-citizens fighting not for their present but for their future.
banana republican
Provoking Progressives with unwelcome perspectives
09:09 AM on 08/28/2011
Its interesting that so many condemn the wealthy for their obsession with wealth and see the solution as confiscating their money for themselves - thus making themselves more wealthy. I'll bet they'd confiscate every dime for themselves if they could.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
new 10 ole ole
07:48 PM on 09/02/2011
Since the 1960's a few "lib" vs "conservative" comparisons of who gives more freely to charities have indicated that liberals do not donate as much money to charity. Go figure?
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
08:01 AM on 08/28/2011
I believe that we will soon find that the "vast wealth" consists of tulips.

If you're conjuring up millions of dollars a minute by "borrowing from oneself," sure, it's not hard to count yourself rich.

Real wealth, though, comes from and thus belongs to hundreds of millions of people, not a group of less than 750, which, if you actually stop and count them, is about the number of loudmouths we are talking about.

What is happening to 750 people doesn't matter. What's happening to 312 million others, does.

Too bad they're not your advertisers.
2AcesInTheHole
This world is not our home!
05:16 AM on 08/28/2011
It's going to be a hard row to hoe for the middle class and below, as long as the moneyholics keep stacking and hoarding the money. All of the fairness has been systematically drained from the economy and only the cronied up segment of the population is reaping any benefit from it.And if things continue like this, it won't be long before America won't be fit for the righteous to inhabit, It will just be a playground for the miscreant rich. lol
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jeffrey678
You don't happen to make it. You make it happen.
04:23 AM on 08/28/2011
"You cannot fiat the value of human labor in a global market place."
You can't fiat the value of labor , but you can the value of executives. Funny how that works , huh? Funny also how other countries manage to fiat labor wages to a much larger degree than we do , and yet are just as competitive internationally , even while their executives are not as richly compensated.
We have a situation where the vast majority of jobs in this country are clustered around a wage level of $15/hr , with little meaningful difference in pay above and below that level - i.e. on the order of a few bucks per hour either way - even as job descriptions and skills required vary considerably.
At the top , however , you move from $500/hr to $5000/hr to $50,000/hr in positions where job descriptions and skill are not meaningfully different , and political connections , insider information , and luck are the determining factors.
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Peter Combs
Amused by the illogical..no, NOT a Republican
04:20 AM on 08/28/2011
Corporations are making more because of cuts in US overhead, foreign manufacturing efficiencies etc....what none of the economists take into account is the baseline for GDP and it's relationship to profits and should be lowered...as should the matrix which drives the indicators..

In this economy, if the profits structure is improving, and it can be done with fewer employees, employment numbers will remain unaffected.

If you can manufacture "widgets" for significantly less, you keep prices the same or slightly less, profits will rise in proportions despite the fact the the GDP not moving much. Old GDP modelling assumptions are now inaccurate from what I am seeing...