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Jeff Biggers

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Arizona's Choice Today: Students Lead New Civil Rights Movement

Posted: 05/03/11 11:50 AM ET

UPDATE: 3:30pm EST: Tucson Unified School District superintendent John Pedicone has just called on the governing school board to delay their vote on the controversial Ethnic Studies Program resolution until there is greater community input and discussion on the issue. Nonetheless, the resolution remains on the board's agenda, and UNIDOS students and other Ethnic Studies Program supporters will be in attendance.

Stumbling further into the quagmire of a national public relations disaster, drastic new measures by the Tucson Unified School District (TUSD) officials have turned the "manufactured crisis" over the Ethnic Studies/Mexican American Studies Program into a troubling moral crisis for the city --and the country.

As Tucson school officials appear to unravel daily with increasing controversy, Mexican American Studies (MAS) students and UNIDOS activists are now emerging as the calmest standard-bearers of civil discourse for the community.

In an op-ed today, two MAS students made a simple request: If the TUSD officials are truly interested in dialogue, they should table a controversial resolution that has divided the community.

Instead, in an alarming crackdown on the non-violent UNIDOS student campaign last week that attracted national praise for its celebratory actions and demands for basic democratic involvement in education, the backpedaling TUSD superintendent John Pedicone has shocked the community by hiring costly armed guards to monitor this Tuesday's rescheduled governing school board vote over a controversial school board resolution to strip the accreditation of the Ethnic Studies Program.

Only months ago, the Chicago-transplanted Pedicone declared the draconian state ban on Ethnic Studies was unconstitutional and a challenge to the law would be "the first hurdle." In a candidate's forum last fall, Pedicone even admitted: "If you look at the data, it is hard to argue with the success this program has with a historically under served population." In fact, a recent TUSD analysis demonstrated the achievements of the MAS program.

In a disturbing provocation this Sunday, Pedicone, who reportedly lives out of the district in the affluent suburb of Oro Valley, published an incendiary op-ed in the Arizona Daily Star newspaper that offensively denigrated student efforts "as pawns," blamed adults for "abhorrent" behavior, and falsely categorized last week's widely denounced resolution vote as only a "discussion."

As Tucson attorney Richard Martinez noted last week in a debate with TUSD board president Mark Stegemen, the divisive resolution prematurely subverts an unfinished state audit in disarray, as well as a federal suit challenging the constitutionality of the new state law banning Ethnic Studies. In a quiet but stunning smackdown of Stegemen's misguided efforts, Martinez framed the TUSD effort as part of a "manufactured crisis."

This is the simple truth: Compounding the shameless Ethnic Studies witch hunt by extremist state officials, the Democraty Party-led TUSD school administrators have triggered a "moral crisis" over their seeming disconnection to the actual city of Tucson, by rebuffing MAS student and UNIDOS participation, and blatantly disregarding the reality of the district's majority of Mexican American students and the city's fervent and deeply rooted Chicano movement heritage.

UPDATE 11am CST: Last month, Pima County Democratic Chair Jeff Rogers wrote a strong letter of support for the Ethnic Studies Program, declaring: "Now is not the time for capitulation or compromise."

On the anniversary today of the "Children's Crusade" in the Civil Right Movements, when students took the forefront of Martin Luther King's Birmingham campaign in 1963, Mexican American Studies student group UNIDOS is not only ramping up its efforts to keep the district's acclaimed program alive but teach the faltering school administrators a lesson in civility and democracy.

As the Tucson students reminded their community, Martin Luther King, Jr wrote his historic "Letter from the Birmingham Jail," on "Why We Can't Wait," as he faced similar criticism of his protests as "unruly." King wrote: "For years now, I have heard the word 'Wait! ... This 'Wait' has almost always meant 'Never.'" Nearly a half century ago, Alabama students recognized King's call "to create a situation so crisis-packed that it will inevitably open the door to negotiation."

"When youth transparently vocalize that they are unsatisfied with decisions made on their education," said 20-year-old MAS alumni, UA journalism student and UNIDOS activist Elisa Meza, "that should motivate the elected school board officials to initiate the civil discourse they believe we haven't already requested. Since February, TUSD have been pressured by the youth to initiate just that. To blame the youth that direct dialogue should have been the first step is a tactic to switch the narrative to imply immaturity on our actions. When, in reality, they've been incredibly immature to have ignored our voices in the first place."

As graduating and college-bound MAS high school Lisette Cota spelled out last month, UNIDOS has been asking for dialogue with the school officials for months.

For many long-time community members, the student uprising last week in Tucson recalled the Chicano student walkouts in the community in 1969, and marks the beginning of a new civil rights movement.

Consider this time line provided by UNIDOS over the last four months:

Jan 3- Two hours before Tom Horne's position changes from State Superintendent to Attorney General he serves a letter to TUSD calling them out of compliance with 2281 and has 60 days to eliminate the program before the states begins withholding funds. He presents "evidence" of the classes' non-compliance such as testimony from anonymous teachers, out of context quotes from books like Rudolfo Acuna's Occupied America and Paulo Freire's Pedagogy of the Oppressed, and lyrics from Chicano hip hop groups "El Vuh" and "Aztlan Underground."

The 11 teachers along with their attorney Richard Martinez and Save Ethnic Studies.org, the non-profit organization providing the legal defense for the teachers, counter his press conference with their own a few hours later in Tucson.

Jan 8- John Roll, Chief Arizona U.S. District Judge who was assigned to see the case against HB 2281, is killed along with five others at a "Congress on your Corner" event with Congresswomen Gabrielle Giffords. Congresswoman Giffords is shot and 19 others are injured. A 45-day extension is added to TUSD's 60 day deadline to become in compliance in HB 2281.

Jan 11- The 11 plaintiffs announce to TUSD school board members that if the district does not join their lawsuit or create their own battling the state of AZ on the constitutionality of the bill, they will be added onto the lawsuit as defendants. They give TUSD 48 hrs to reply.

Jan 14- TUSD announces to the "Arizona Daily Star" that the district is going to be in compliance with the bill, making whatever compromises to the program to do so. TUSD is now going to be added on to the lawsuit Acosta v. The State of AZ.

Jan 24- The five who were found guilty are sentenced to 10 hours of community service and fines.

Feb 5- Mexican American Studies Community Advisory Committee hosts first Community Forum in Support of TUSD's Ethnic Studies Program to educate about the success of the program and rally support on combating HB 2281. Students of the program, parents of the students, teachers and staff of the department, and elected officials speak on behalf of Ethnic Studies.

Feb 8- At TUSD school board meeting U.N.I.D.O.S. (United Non-discriminatory Individuals Demanding Our Studies); a new Tucson youth coalition of students from local high schools, alumni and community members who formed in response of the growing attacks on education and culture by Arizona legislature, make their grand debut to the community and TUSD board members with a press conference.

Representatives of the group demand a sit-down meeting with all TUSD school board members and that the district, the State Board of Education and the state of Arizona must act in accordance to international human rights laws, which HB 2281 violates.

A musical, cultural and artistic celebration continues outside of TUSD 1010 building after the demands are read to school board members during the 'call to the audience.'

Feb. 28- UNIDOS has a sit down discussion with only two of the five TUSD board members Adelita Grijalva and Judy Burns and present the positive impacts that Raza Studies does for the Latino community and what negative results will occur to the district's students if TUSD doesn't do everything in its power to protect the classes.

Mar. 8- UNIDOS representatives make a public statement in response to their meeting with the two school board members during Call to the Audience at TUSD school board meeting. UNIDOS demands for an announcement by the board members in the next 24 hours that they will keep the classes as they are no matter what the state may do. UNIDOS urges the district to act in the spirit of Martin Luther King, Jr. who said, "One has not only a legal, but moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws."

That very same morning of the school board meeting, unbeknownst to the community, the district made its first move to dismantle the program from the inside. Superintendent John Pedicone gave his position as supervisor over Director of Student Equity, Augustine Romero and Mexican-American Studies Director, Sean Arce to Asst. Superintendent Lupita Garcia -- who has openly made statements in the past that she would like to see the department abolished.

Mar 11- Mexican American Studies Community Advisory Committee holds press conference outside TUSD 1010 building denouncing the move of positions.

Mar 16- The Arizona Department of Education and State Superintendent John Huppental hire the Cambium Learning Group of Dallas, TX to conduct a four to six week curriculum audit of the Mexican American Studies Department to evaluate whether the program is in compliance with HB 2281 and meets up to state standards. The audit group will make unannounced classroom visits, interview students and staff, and evaluate teaching materials.

Mar 17- Save Ethnic Studies sends a letter to the TUSD governing board bringing to light the criminal history of Steve Gallon, who is appointed as head consultant of the audit for Mexican American Studies. Steve Gallon is the former superintendent of Plainfield School District in New Jersey and was arrested in 2010 with 11 criminal charges including conspiring to commit theft of more than $10,000 of educational services.

Mar 18- Steve Gallon resigns from the position following Save Ethnic Studies' coverage of his criminal past and is replaced by Luanne Nelson.

Mar 21- State audit for Mexican American Studies begins and Save Ethnic Studies with attorney Richard Martinez issue a press release calling the audit unlawful and a waste of tax payer money which will cost us $170,000. Martinez brings into question how the audit could possibly remain unbiased when the state of Arizona is hiring this group to investigate the teachers who are suing the state over the constitutionality of HB 2281. He also points out additional violations such as Federal Family, Educational, and Privacy Rights Act of 1974.

Mark Stegeman, president of the Tucson Unified School District governing board, submits an opinion piece to the Arizona Daily Star calling for Mexican American Studies to transition to Hispanic Student Services, which would only focus on extracurricular activities, and for the classes, who currently count as accredited core English and Social Studies classes, to be reduced down to elective classes.

April 6- The 11 teachers suing the state refuse to meet with the auditors in a "focus group discussion." Save Ethnic Studies sends a letter on their behalf to Superintendent Pedicone, declining the invitation because the audit lacks any legal authority, defined terms and remains unknown if the persons conducting the audits have any expertise in Mexican American critical race theory.

April 11- Sally Rusk and Maria Federico-Brummer, 2 of the 11 teachers express in an op-ed how any sort of compromise to the program is unacceptable. They explain why transition the classes from accredited core classes to electives would kill the program. They further defend the program which meets and excels far beyond the achievement gap for the Latino population, which is the second largest failing in TUSD as well as its majority population. In fact most of schools where these classes are taught have a 90 percent minority population -- mainly Latino.

April 12- UNIDOS boycotts TUSD school board meeting due to silenced youth voice. Students in press release recount the lack of response to their demands for the district, superintendent and board members to show true support for the program. Instead, all the district has done is refuse to join the teacher lawsuit or initiate one of their own, released a resolution declaring compliance with an unjust HB 2281, are currently cooperating with a biased State audit of the classes, and the board president Mark Stegeman is publicly advocated for killing our Ethnic Studies program by turning our classes into electives.

As the nation watches today's historic meeting in Tucson, Pedicone and the TUSD officials will have the choice of reaffirming the process of democratic involvement with UNIDOS and all students and community members, as Martin Luther King wrote, "to heal" the legacies of the past and move the district forward, or retreat deeper into the quagmire of the state's embarrassing witch hunt.

 
 
 
 
 
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voyager48
Illegitimi Non Carborundum
12:47 PM on 05/17/2011
The courts enjoined this based on the fact that they felt stricter enforcement was the right way to go since this would do a better job of addressing the problem of illegal immigration rather than addressing a symptom - educating the children of illegals.

Stricter enforcement fell flat which is an argument to be made against their original thinking.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
AZ Stang
Life is far too important to be taken seriously.
11:31 PM on 05/08/2011
I'm just wondering why this is curriculum in high school and below. If it was in college, that's your choice. Public education is the taxpayers' choice. Funny that UNIDOS has both 'non- discriminatory" and "our studies" in the name.
02:05 PM on 05/05/2011
I am astounded at the lies that this article keeps on making. The school board did NOT hire private armed guards for this last meeting. The resolution does NOT get rid of the classes. When you have to lie, it destroys your credibility and says more about UNIDOS than it does about the board. Given this kind of thing, I am now leaning toward BANNING such courses, if this is the kind of "learning" they promote!
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01:50 PM on 05/05/2011
This is purely ths right extremist ideology at work. The Governor , apparantly signed a bill to have tea party vanity plates on vehicles. From from guns to education, to Hispanics, to women's rights there is nothing untampered with. This is another link in a long chain. Incidently,the "Chain" is still used in Phoenix with prisoners.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
AZ Stang
Life is far too important to be taken seriously.
11:58 PM on 05/08/2011
Vanity plates? The sky is falling! hahahaa
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
shooter 586
Concerned for CA. Time to end union control of CA
01:15 PM on 05/04/2011
Has anybody asked about "UNIDOS" and "MAS" opinion on "Aztlan" and "reconquista"? I'm sure they would have a great news conference on that subject. Maybe they can tell us how those concepts fit into their "lesson plan".
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Viper1st
multi quasi faceted
10:31 PM on 05/03/2011
Attorney William Perry Pendley is president of Mountain States Legal Foundation in Lakewood.

In Plyler vs. Doe, five liberal justices, in a classic example of judicial activism, ruled "illegal alien children" a "special class" and that Texas had not shown that its law "had a substantial relationship to a substantial state interest" when it voted to deny them free education. The justices admitted that free school was not a "right," but it was a special benefit whose denial violated the Equal Protection Clause.

The Plyler ruling applies only to elementary education, not to secondary and post-secondary education. It does not hold that public education is a right. Nor does it confer legal status on illegal immigrant children or prevent them from being arrested and deported. Finally, it does not prevent a school from inquiring as to the legal status of students enrolled in school.

It is undoubtedly true that any state that attempts to deny a free education to children who are illegal immigrants will be taken to court by the ACLU and other groups. But we ought to welcome that opportunity to bring new arguments and new facts to the Supreme Court's attention. The legal arguments over the "substantial state interest" associated with that free education might very well play out very differently today.

Read more: Guest Commentary: Public education and illegal immigrants - The Denver Post http://www.denverpost.com/ci_17595084#ixzz1LLVxbMmS
Read The Denver Post's Terms of Use of its content: http://www.denverpost.com/termsofuse
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Captain Ron
Sí, se puede!
08:29 PM on 05/03/2011
So,the new civil rights for illegal immigrants entitle them to dictate to the school board what they will be taught? Time for a lesson in civics, kids. Since you do not wish to learn about citizenship, let's learn all about the deportation proceeding. We can use your parents as an example.
08:11 PM on 05/03/2011
I am very disturbed by the lies and outright misrepresentation of this issue on the left. While the bill is bad, it hardly makes the case that the opponents are good. The stats used to justify the MAS core status are funny. I would be MORE Impressed if they showed the rate of graduation of ALL the students in the high schools that have this program as a core. Making MAS an elective is hardly taking away the program. The surveys show that we do a bad job of teaching US history and government, so I think that having a more rigorous emphasis on US history is fully justified.

This is NOT the 50s or 60s in which all minorities were written out of US history. This has been well remedied and I hardly see much need for an exclusive Mexican American history course as meeting a core requirement. The majority of the people in the US speak and use English and our laws derive from the Enlightenment of Europe. If a person is to function well in the US, they must know the language and traditions of the country. I hardly think that a course in Texas history will resolve the drop out problem in Texas any more than a course in MAS will do it for Mexican Americans.
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sibyl9
Cloaking Device Engaged
04:51 PM on 05/03/2011
The Mexican-American studies program is NOT being eliminated at TUSD, it is being reclassified as an elective instead of being counted as the core social studies and English classes. As a history teacher in a predominantly Latino school which offers an elective MAS class, I have had students, at the beginning of the semester, state or concur that they don't want to learn anything about white people. After a month, or so, history class becomes one of their favorites - why? -because World History and U.S. History are interesting and important subjects.

What are Ms. Grijalva, La Raza and UNIDOS afraid of? Are they afraid their Latino student supporters just might enjoy learning about the Greeks and the Romans? Afraid that students might be interested in learning about the Enlightment philosophies and the evolution of American democratic principles? Students should know about the events and circumstances giving rise to WWI, WWII and the aftermath of same. They should know about JFK, nuclear proliferation, the conflicts in the middle east, who Osama Bin Laden was and what he did.

Ms. Grijalva and the adult La Raza activists are the shameful ones in manipulating these students that only Mexican-American history is important and all other history constitutes "white history." They seek to restrict the students' knowledge about American history to only the polarizing issues Grijalva/La Raza want them to identify with, no doubt for the purely selfish purposes of subsidizing the bank accounts that feed their egotistical, activist agenda.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
EndRacismNow
"Diversity is our greatest Strength"
02:57 PM on 05/04/2011
Excellent post. I see that the La Raza supporters didn't have anything to say in retort to it. I once took a MAS class and the teacher was very radical and bigoted towards white people. These types of teachers and classes should not be tolerated. I don't understand why the double standards endure. History should be taught as objectively as possible. It is silly to respond to biased 'white history' with another ethnocentric view of history. All it does is divide people by race and it needs to stop.
03:06 PM on 05/03/2011
What part of "Equal" does the AZ Legislators not understand?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
shooter 586
Concerned for CA. Time to end union control of CA
04:46 PM on 05/03/2011
Look at the law and tell me where it is not equal. I bet you can't won't.
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AZ Stang
Life is far too important to be taken seriously.
11:39 PM on 05/08/2011
"Equal" also means no special privileges.
02:53 PM on 05/03/2011
Just goes to prove, you can fire two entire schools worth of teachers unjustly, and nobody bats an eye.

Threaten to make a class an elective, and suddenly you're the next Hitler.
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Ioan Lightoller
Proud Gay Pagan Man, Living Happily With Husband
01:50 PM on 05/03/2011
Good for them! Someone needs to stand up for people's rights in Arizona! First thing on the list should be getting the government to get rid of Joe Arpaio. Then go right on down the list because the bigots are entrenched in state and local government. This state will go NOWHERE as long as they are in power.

Good job, students and keep up the good work.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
shooter 586
Concerned for CA. Time to end union control of CA
04:49 PM on 05/03/2011
When you take away the law, your get criminals. The fact that they are very successful in controlling the Mexican invasion of illegals proves that crime is crime, no matter the ethnicity.

The fact that they think they can violate the law becaue of their minority status is pure racism in its base. Nothing is funnter than seeing racist claim that those that oppose them are racists.

Try to fit into America and abide by the laws of the land BEFORE you complain about them. Since they violate the laws, THEN complain shows a utter lack of respect for the very country you broke into.
03:36 AM on 05/04/2011
People are not "illegal". They may do illegal things, but people are not illegal. Your use of the word telegraphs exactly where you stand.

The law is incorrect. Oh! You disagree? Then I guess you would have been one of those in favor of slavery . . . a case where law was re-evaluated and eventually changed.

These people did not "break into" the country, lest you forget that your illustrious leader Reagan once gave the undocumented amnesty in 1986. What hypocrisy to give and then take away.

Mark my word: We're gonna need these people. The Baby Boom Generation is aging and America will need more people. Right now, we at least need more people for the harvesting of our food, and the only alternative farmers have is to plant less for next year. Yeah . . . let's see you complain next year when food prices triple simply for the fact that there is less food because there was no labor to process the food. Let's see you dis them, then.

Laws can be changed. But I think your hatred and fear goes right to your bone.
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omobob
left coast, usa
01:49 PM on 05/03/2011
> This is the simple truth: Compounding the shameless Ethnic Studies witch hunt by extremist state officials, the Democratic Party-led TUSD school administrators have triggered a "moral crisis" over their seeming disconnection to the actual city of Tucson, by rebuffing MAS student and UNIDOS participation, and blatantly disregarding the reality of the district's majority of Mexican American students

Part of Gov. Brewer’s draconian and unconstitutional attack on the Arizona Hispanic Community and it’s culture. She has declared Hispanic Studies to be a radical movement to overthrow the US Government. teachers with Hispanic accents were also to be questioned. All
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
shooter 586
Concerned for CA. Time to end union control of CA
04:52 PM on 05/03/2011
Since you don't understand the term "unconstitu­tional" provesd to me that you need to take a basic law class before attempting to understand the topic.

Not only is the law not "draconian", but it serves as a basis for racist language and attacks on those that wish to preserve this great country and not turn it into a 3rd world cesspool. Any explanation by the latino racists why they feel the need to vilate the law AND complain about it?

This is why they need to learn the basics before implementing racist studies in those classes.
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sibyl9
Cloaking Device Engaged
07:58 PM on 05/03/2011
Fanned & Fav'd.
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omobob
left coast, usa
11:20 AM on 05/04/2011
Law Profs On Arizona Immigration Bill: It’s Unconstitutional.The Arizona law appears to be “facially unconstitutional,” Manheim said. “States have no power to pass immigration laws because it’s an attribute of foreign affairs. Just as states can’t have their own foreign policies or enter into treaties, they can’t have their own immigration laws either.”

http://blogs.wsj.com/law/2010/04/23/law-profs-on-arizona-immigration-bill-its-unconstitutional/
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
AZ Stang
Life is far too important to be taken seriously.
11:54 PM on 05/08/2011
You're right about the "shameless ethnic studies" part. The rest was just a typical anti- GOP, anti- America rant.