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Breast-Feeding Debate Closed? Brain Science Weighs In

Posted: 01/26/11 10:11 AM ET

I remember meeting up with an old friend who had just become a mother. Baby in tow, we entered a restaurant. She immediately insisted on sitting at a private booth, and after five minutes, I discovered why. Mom knew that her baby would soon be hungry. When he was, she discreetly unbuttoned her blouse, adjusted her bra, and began breast-feeding. The baby latched on for dear life.

Mom had to go through all kinds of contortions to hide this activity. "I've been thrown out of other places because I did this," she explained. Though shrouded in an oversize sweater, she was visibly nervous as the waiter took her order.

If America knew what breast milk can do for the brains of it youngest citizens, lactating mothers across the nation would be enshrined, not embarrassed. Though the topic is much debated, there's little controversy about it in the scientific community.

Breast milk is the nutritional equivalent of a magic bullet for a developing baby. It has important salts and even more important vitamins. Its immune-friendly properties prevent ear, respiratory and gastrointestinal infections.

And in a result that surprised just about everybody, studies around the world confirmed that breast-feeding, in short, makes babies smarter. Breast-fed babies in America score on average eight points higher than bottle-fed kids when given cognitive tests, an effect still observable nearly a decade after the breast-feeding has stopped. They get better grades, too, especially in reading and writing.

Why? We have some ideas:



The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all mothers breast-feed exclusively for the first six months of their babies' lives, continue breast-feeding as their kids start taking on solids, and wean them after a year.

If we as a country wanted a smarter population, we would insist on lactation rooms in every public establishment. A sign would hang from the door of these rooms: "Quiet, please. Brain development in progress."

Watch more parenting videos or learn more about your baby's brain at brainrules.net.

John Medina is a developmental molecular biologist and author of the New York Times bestseller "Brain Rules." His latest book is "Brain Rules for Baby: How to Raise a Smart and Happy Child from Zero to Five." He is an affiliate Professor of Bioengineering at the University of Washington School of Medicine. He is also the director of the Brain Center for Applied Learning Research at Seattle Pacific University.

 
 
 

Follow John Medina, Ph.D. on Twitter: www.twitter.com/babybrainrules

I remember meeting up with an old friend who had just become a mother. Baby in tow, we entered a restaurant. She immediately insisted on sitting at a private booth, and after five minutes, I discovere...
I remember meeting up with an old friend who had just become a mother. Baby in tow, we entered a restaurant. She immediately insisted on sitting at a private booth, and after five minutes, I discovere...
 
 
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09:01 PM on 03/12/2011
I love the Brain Rules for Baby book, and I highly recommend it! I have two comments for the author. 1) It is not accurate that the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) says to wean after a year. The AAP recommends that "breastfeeding should be continued for at least the first year of life and beyond for as long as mutually desired by mother and child." The policy statement can be read here: http://aappolicy.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/pediatrics;115/2/496 Also, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Canadian Pediatric Society recommend breastfeeding for at least 2 years. 2) The word breastfeeding does not need a hyphen. Note that the AAP spells breastfeeding without a hyphen.
06:55 AM on 02/03/2011
I agree entirely with the sentiment of the article, but I wonder why when talking about breastfeeding do we flip the language and hold substitutes as the norm for compairson against?

QUOTE studies around the world confirmed that breast-feeding, in short, makes babies smarter. Breast-fed babies in America score on average eight points higher than bottle-fed kids when given cognitive tests, an effect still observable nearly a decade after the breast-feeding has stopped. They get better grades, too, especially in reading and writing. END QUOTE

However if we hold breastmilk (the milk of our own species!) as the norm we get:
studies around the world confirmed that not breastfeeding in short, makes babies less smart. Non breast-fed babies in America score on average eight points less than breastfed kids when given cognitive tests, an effect still observable nearly a decade after the formula feeding has stopped. They get worse grades, too, especially in reading and writing.

We don't talk about the benefits of other things that can have such a significant health impact, we talk about risk of undertaking...

Breast isn't best, it's normal!
www.analyticalarmadillo.co.uk/2010/07/breast-isnt-best.html
01:25 PM on 01/30/2011
Great article....but I believe you have one incorrect fact. The AAP revised their recommendations on breastfeeding and instead of weaning after a year they NOW recommend "Exclusive breastfeeding for approximately the first six months and support for breastfeeding for the first year and beyond as long as mutually desired by mother and child." In fact The World Health Organization (WHO) AND the AAP both recommend supplemented breastfeeding (with solid food) after 6 months for at least one year and up to two years or more. Mothers who choose extended bf-ing should be praised but unfortunately instead they are often the victims of prejudice from ignorant and nosey bystandards who for some reason are uncomfortable with it. Spread the word....extended breastfeeding is great...Breasts are for FEEDING babies 1st. People have no problem seeing boobs busting out of a sexy models dress...but see them doing their job and they get all freaked out. Come on!!
Thank you for posting about this important topic!
http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2003/9241562218.pdf
http://www.aap.org/advocacy/releases/feb05breastfeeding.htm
justobserve
Not left nor right or center. Just a free thinker!
08:50 AM on 01/30/2011
The breastfeeding debate missed one important aspect here: culture. In other less civilized culture, breastfeeding is a natural act just like people wearing only a piece of cloth to cover where needed. No one sees it as anything nothing other than what it actually is: feeding hungry babies. But in our culture, there are many rules to interfere with what are good or natural (say, sex) so the debate about breastfeeding being good for babies is not the point unfortunately. Breastfeeding in public should be done discretely because of the kind of society we are living in. It is not about the mother's right.
01:33 PM on 01/30/2011
I hear what you are saying...but in our culture..breasts are NOT taboo. Look at any magazine, any sexy billboard, tv program, on any street or beach and you will see women with their breasts busting out (or skin tight shirts that leave nothing to the imagination). The problem with our culture is NOT that we have an issue with breasts...but that we have an issue from our over-sexualization them and therefore have a problem when we see a breast doing what it is supposed to be doing. Besides, nursing a child shows WAY less boob than we are already used to seeing on a daily basis.
justobserve
Not left nor right or center. Just a free thinker!
08:58 PM on 01/30/2011
You are exactly right! I agree with you and didn't express myself clearer on that point. Our culture tolerates over-exposure of the breast but due to its over-sexualization a simple and natural act such as breastfeeding that doing it in public caused "misinterpretation"!
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DovS
08:41 AM on 01/29/2011
While I agree with the sentiment, a lactation room should be unnecessary and could even send the wrong message. Mothers should be able to breastfeed their babies without being forced to hide from the public. If I can eat my lunch in front of other people, why should a baby be denied that same right? As you say, it's completely natural and highly beneficial. Setting up a lactation room would reinforce the wrong-headed idea that breastfeeding is something shameful that must be hidden away. Keep the sign, just don't put it in a separate room.
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Naomi Most
I'm interested in what you believe.
11:52 PM on 02/10/2011
Absolutely. That's what I was about to post, so instead, I'll just say "right on"!
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Sarita1225
Made In Detroit. Not one of its suburbs.
03:50 PM on 01/28/2011
I'm 9 months pregnant with my first child and plan on breastfeeding. I work in health care so pumping is no problem when I return to work, but if my kid is hungry when we're out and about, I wish someone would say something to me about it! I'm tactful and respectful, but assertive and informed of my rights, so their b!tc#ing is baseless and shallow. And I plan on letting them know. There is NO reason to be ashamed of breastfeeding. Why is that more of an issue than talking on your cell phone while paying for purchases, or the like?
11:16 AM on 01/28/2011
I never in my life imagined that I wouldn't breastfeed; in fact, I always dreamed of my pregnant belly, swollen breasts, and eventually suckling child. Unfortunately, I was unable to become pregnant on my own, and, luckily, I was abundantly blessed with my daughter through adoption. I do know that there are opportunities for some adopted mothers to breastfeed (If one knows that she is going to adopt a child many months in advance, she can stimulate lactation). However, I had six days notice that my baby was coming home, enough time to put together a nursery, but not to make my body create milk. I received many accusative stares and rude comments when mothers would see me out bottle feeding my young daughter. I love this child more than the world. I read to her, sing to her, teach her, hold her, love her, cradle her, and shower her with attention and affection. I think this act of closeness is a part of why breastfeeding is so beneficial. Formula isn't perfect, but the composition of formulas have changed drastically in the past several years.
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StThomas
Not until I see the holes of the nails....
09:09 AM on 01/28/2011
I posted this on another thread, but it won't go amiss here:
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/1/contents

In Scotland, if a mother nurses her baby in public, It is illegal to give her a hard time on the pain of a fine of £2300. More a boost to change attitudes, than a crackdown; it has worked.
08:30 AM on 01/28/2011
This article has an error. The AAP does NOT recommend weaning at one year. It recommends nursing a minimum of one year. It also recommends that the mother continue to nurse as long as the mother and baby want.
04:03 AM on 01/28/2011
What about correlation rather than causation: those that can make breastfeeding work are from higher socioeconomic brackets? I thought this was a portion of the debate.

Do NOT feel guilty for not breastfeeding. In the "mommy wars", so many people argue for their side because they're justifying their own choices.

If only I could have taken a break from breastfeeding, I would have done it longer. If something happens to throw pumping/feeding off, it's a downhill slide. I blame nature.
11:33 PM on 02/01/2011
Ummm false! I breast fed both of my boys for 6 months and 2 years respectively. I worked and I did not have a higher income, I just knew that it was the right thing to do. With careful planning it can be done!
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TXOBAMAGIRL73
We got the down,but not the trickle~ RevAl
03:15 AM on 01/28/2011
I can't think of anything better that, I could have given my son. Nature provivded me away to help him grow up healthy and strong. Those moments with him in my arms, so close too me and lookiing into his little eyes I cherished those moments. He is almost 12 and growing faster, but those moments with him I wouldn't trade for the world!!
02:20 AM on 01/28/2011
Lies, I wasn't breast feed and I turned out all right. They have some agenda behind it, i just haven't figured it out yet.
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syllable
12:49 AM on 01/28/2011
Breast feeding is more natural than wearing lipstick or a necktie. So why hide it?
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darcylu
I like Christ but christians are so unlike Christ
03:05 PM on 01/27/2011
I wouldn't use a lactation room ... I breastfed my babies everywhere I went and people rarely noticed. I didn't show skin, because I chose clothes (like knit shirts, tshirts) that I could quickly raise just high enough.

It was simple, and everyone was happy. If a restaurant had ever asked me to leave I would have smiled, politely chatted with the complainer (while refusing) and if it had ever escalated past that, I am sure the baby would be done long before the police were called. End of discussion.

I am surprised that this discussion is still being held after 25-30 years. The formula industry must be putting fear out there still. It is all about the profits, isn't it?
01:10 PM on 01/27/2011
I am pregnant with my first child and am going to breastfeed. I know that as long as you can do it the better. My only problem is that I am going to be returning to work after 3 months and I know that I will probably have to use formula as a filler for when I cannot feed. I know that you can pump, but I also know that pumping sometimes does give you enough. I am not sure the best way to go about this issue. Any suggestions?
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MarcEdward
likes all cats more than most people
01:59 PM on 01/27/2011
My DW BF all our sons, but like you, after her maternity leave she had to return to work.
I would suggest an automatic breast pump (powered), not hand held. 
She was able to pump more than enough when she was at school to keep our sons supplied at home - I did not have to use formula once.
Breast milk freezes perfectly well (a small college dorm freezer worked great for us). I used to bag and freeze the milk, and if I knew I would need some I'd load the frozen bags right into the baby bottles, put them in the fridge the night before, and they'd be melted by morning. Of course the baby gives you a weird look when the breast milk is cold (kind of a "WTF?" look) but they get used to it.
Side note - you might hear breast feeding prevents pregnancy, and from personal experience I can tell you that it does not prevent pregnancy.
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darcylu
I like Christ but christians are so unlike Christ
02:43 PM on 01/27/2011
Nicole , just do the best you can ... some bigger workplaces used to have a machine, which worked but was loud and annoying. The manual ones (25 years ago anyway) worked okay, and at least were quiet.

Maybe look at a favorite picture of your little one while you pump - it can't hurt. And listening to my iPod would have made a huge difference using the machine way back then, for me.

A little is better than nothing, in my opinion. Good for you. Relax, do what you can and enjoy every minute ... and take care of yourself.

Best wishes!

PS - Put it in a special container or bag at work to ensure no one throws out that precious few ounces while cleaning out the workplace refrigerator! Someone once thought it was spoiled milk, because the fat separates from the liquid. Thankfully, I was able to immediately retrieve it when it happened, lol, but it was close ... too much effort to have it tossed away.