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John R. Coats

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Sixes and Sevens: The Book of Revelation and the Language of Numbers

Posted: 04/28/11 09:15 PM ET

My wife and I had been toying for months with the romantic idea of selling our house, most of our stuff and living aboard a houseboat when we found the boat. Designed and built by an engineer who'd emphasized functionality over looks, she was not pretty, but she was spacious above and below, had the structural integrity of a tugboat and possessed a waste recycling system that was "as good as you'd find in most small towns." I was in love.

She seemed to have her own intelligence, and I suppose I'd projected that same evaluation onto Fred, the current owner, who did not disappoint -- that is, until the tour was done and the price haggling had given way to small talk and a complaint about his recent troubles with the utility company. Having received a notice that he'd underpaid, he was asked to please remit payment, by check or money order, in the amount of $16.66. He'd phoned to say that, no, he absolutely would not. He would, however, send a check for $16.67, or come by and pay $16.67 in cash, provided they issued a cash receipt in that amount, but no way would he pay a bill for $16.66 because the number contained "the Mark of the Beast."

Numbers are language, and John of Patmos, author of The Revelation of John, loved numbers. Sixes, obviously, in triplicate, a few 10s, and sevens -- especially sevens: Seven messages to seven communities, seven seals, seven trumpets, seven bowls. It is the author's "single most insistent motif," writes Jonathan Kirsch. Adele Yarbro Collins calls it "an organizing principle" of the whole of the work." But why sevens? Why not twos, eights or nines? Collins tells us that the late Pythagoreans as well as Philo of Alexandria, Jewish biblical interpreter and philosopher, agreed that "all reality is ordered and that order is expressed in patterns of seven ... [because] ... [t]he symbolic significance of this number is cosmic." And, as Kirsch points out, it was God's resting on the seventh day that signified creation's completion, making seven a "symbol of divine wholeness in Judaism."

All this would have made sense to the seven communities John had in mind and as he took up his pen, around the year 95 C.E., he was writing to them, not to us, and in a language of symbol and imagery that were as current and familiar to them as it is ancient and weird to us. Which brings me back to Fred, an obviously bright fellow, yet whose assumption about the meaning of 666 is characteristic of the inevitable flattening-out that results when ancient, complicated texts are read as if they are stories from old newspapers.

Where seven typically represents completion, six represents incompletion. But why three sixes? Think cryptology, John writing in code to those in the know. Craig R. Koester tells us that the author employed gematria, a system of Kabbalistic numerology. In fact, in the third chapter of Revelation, verse 18, it seems obvious that John assumes his audience will be familiar with the system: "Here is the key, and anyone who has the intelligence may work out the number of the beast. The number represents a man's name, and the numerical value of its letters is six hundred and sixty six." The numbers, Koester says, point to Nero, Emperor of Rome from 54-68 C.E., as the likeliest candidate.

But why the code? Why didn't John just name Nero? After all, Domitian now sat on the throne. And yes, Nero was five emperors back, 30 years dead and a ruler so vile that Rome had proclaimed him an enemy of the state. But he had been Emperor, a Caesar and Rome had decided that its Emperors were Gods, which was less about theology than state unity. To acknowledge the divinity of the Emperor, though as a God, not the God -- the Romans were polytheists -- was a way of saying "I'm for Rome," rather than "I'm against Rome." The slightest accommodation would have been enough, explained Kirsch in an interview with Beliefnet, "nothing more than casting a pinch of incense on a little brazier of hot coals set up in front of an image of a dead emperor." But the Christians (and the Jews) refused even to do that much. Already Domitian didn't like them, so for John to have named Nero as the third beast, he may as well have spit in the Emperor's eye and declared to his face that he was the Beast, too, sort of. Which he did, sort of, but in code and on the page, copies of which went to cities on the far eastern edge of the Empire. John, however strange he may seem, was not stupid.

Finally, a bit of fun. "With a little ingenuity," says Koester, "people in every generation seem capable of finding an adversary who can in some way be linked to the numbers." Of today's candidates, one may surprise you. Drawing from The New Millennium Manual, A Once And Future Guide, Koester writes the following: "Start with 'Cute Purple Dinosaur,' then change the U's to V's [as in formal Latin inscriptions] and extract all the Roman numerals in the phrase (CVVLDIV). Convert these to Arabic numerals (100 5 5 50 500 1 5) and add them up." Yes, it's Barney. There is a precedent in pop-culture, the Stay Puft Marshmallow Man in Ghostbusters, who became the vessel for the evil Gozer. Whether his numbers put him in Barney's class, I can't say.

 

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My wife and I had been toying for months with the romantic idea of selling our house, most of our stuff and living aboard a houseboat when we found the boat. Designed and built by an engineer who'd em...
My wife and I had been toying for months with the romantic idea of selling our house, most of our stuff and living aboard a houseboat when we found the boat. Designed and built by an engineer who'd em...
 
 
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Jacob Aud
10:08 AM on 05/08/2011
Clues to the Meaning of 666

[[
1 Bible names often say something about the bearer's traits or life, as in the case of Abraham, Jesus, and many others. Likewise, the beast's number-name encodes its characteristics.

2 In the Bible book of Daniel, the various beasts represent successive human kingdoms, or empires. The composite beast of Revelation 13:1, 2 symbolizes the worldwide political system, empowered and controlled by Satan.

3 The beast's having "a man's number," or "a human number," indicates that it is a human entity, not a demon. Hence, it reflects human failings resulting from sin and imperfection.

4 In God's eyes, the number six, being short of the Biblically complete, or perfect, seven, points to imperfection. The mark 666 emphasizes that deficiency by repeating the number three times.
]]

Full article with Bible scriptures referenced so you can see for yourself...
http://www.watchtower.org/e/20040401/article_01.htm
03:50 PM on 05/04/2011
What is going on here? I kept waiting for the joke, but I dont see it. Is this a real article? I really dont understand.
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mheister
Raconteur. Blog michaelheister.com
10:49 AM on 05/03/2011
So much speculation over the mark of the beast being 666. Abdu'l-Baha, the Son of the Founder fo the Baha'i Faith, offers a fascinating take on the issue here:

http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/ab/SAQ/saq-11.html

The short version? The beast was an usurper of the leadership of Islam from the legitimate commander of the faithful, Ali. The year 666 is when this usurper rose to power.

So relax, people. The whole 666 thing went down a dozen centuries ago.
04:38 PM on 05/02/2011
I won a small lottery prize with the numbers 666. What does that mean? Did I succumb to the mark of the beast? Are lotteries evil? Was the prize evil? Was taking the money evil? I do not know. The Book of Revelation has some beautiful poetry in it and I love reading it, but other than it is a story of oppression by a Roman emperor the Book of Revelation is not the main message of Christian scripture.
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themodernleader
01:52 PM on 05/02/2011
  All discussions of the Almighty and hereafter are the words of people who have given up on the real world for the inner world of absolute truth and value.  In this regard such people choose the world of illusion over the world of empirical data and ordinary human experience.  Especially, in declining times the inner citadel of escape is a far better place than the the harsh realtiy of poverty and destitution.
10:16 AM on 05/02/2011
The New Testament was written down in Greek, and Patmos was certainly part of the Greek speaking world. The mark of the beast is given with Greek numerals (Greek letters in fact) χξς that is χ=600 ξ=60 ς=6 but also
χ-ς =Χριστός (sometimes Χ-ΣΤ) i.e. Ch_St Christ [a common abbreviation found on icons and manuscripts a bit like text messaging shortcuts] and the ξ or Ξ in its capital form. is in the middle of this.. that is a pictogram of the name of Christ scribbled out i.e. the anti-Christ.
What have Roman numerals got to do with anything?
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eileenflemingWAWA
http://www.wearewideawake.org/
08:30 AM on 05/02/2011
On 9 Oct 05, I wrote: John Lennon would have been 65 and inside of 216 North Park Avenue in Winter Park, Florida "When I'm 64" show cased the Love and Art of John for Yoko and Sean.

216 [2+1+6=9] North Park Avenue had previously been a Victoria's Secret and in the far end where padded bras had once hung had now become a temporary shrine of unending love of a father for his son.

I was captivated by one in particular titled "Sheep Meadowing" in which sheep had levitated into the sky and had morphed into clouds above the heads of sheep meadowing.

After a time of timelessness cogitating upon those sheep, I reluctantly pulled my head back through the clouds to continue on to the second Gathering of Women for Peace, where sisters of every color and creed gathered in harmony at the Mosque in East Orlando.

All day long in my inner ear I did hear "Revolution 9" from the White Album tuned in so very clear and with a few new lyrics:

Number 9 Number 9 Number 9....Let all who are little come in here, Wisdom has built her house; come eat her food and drink her wine and walk in the ways of understanding [Proverbs 9]...I'm so very small; within the heart of every atom yet extend Beyond the Universe and connect...

http://wearewideawake.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1062&Itemid=211
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methodman
02:13 AM on 05/02/2011
Time doesn't stop degeneration caused because of denial and fact hating. . Questions that care really are drastically different for different types of people. and are restated quite different a t different positions and phases on a process. ;based on knowing your temperament you can enjoy a level of personal success that surprises yourself. You might understand the difference between climate and weather.
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methodman
02:11 AM on 05/02/2011
The Church's take on Revelation is a carnival Fun house mirror. One persons antichrist is another audiences hero. Bush was great for owning cheap stuff made by exploited workers in other countries. Obama is the antiChrist because other places think they have the right to fair trade and a living wage. Which force costs in our area to go up. The other is biofuels made from food products. Which cause investors to drive necessary food up which should be restricted from hedge fund managers. Number systems are real but I would work with Mathematica or Full blown Astrological Course with established Astronomy textbooks and Natural Philosophy before jumping on the pastor delusions. I don't waste my time with purposely illiterate pastors who rebuke books of all stripes. Just make sure that it is a system of one sort or another. Most Christian religions are not and I avoid
them.. Many of these systems. Church of Light, Course on Miricles, Seth Right Use of Will 2nd vol + are somewhere in between mythology and a post and fence to science and mechanics. They are deep but accessible. The value of astrology is distinguishing a relationship between your personal days. Other people born on your birthday. Important events that happened on that day. It sets your memory up to cleave a connection of an image of progression made by a series situation analysis. Sorry I really get projects made. Objective energy is hard to describe. oversimplification and understatements perpetuate ignorance.
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iLdoRight
Encouraging The Rightest Rightness
10:30 PM on 05/01/2011
Which ia more important, the numbers or the messages ? The King James and the Catholic Confraternity Edition use the term "signified" in the start of the Revelation as to how the angel presented the message of Revelation/Apocalypse" to John. What does "signify" mean ? What does 666 mean, what is it a "sign" of ? Will anyone ever actually see the number 666 on anything except a drawing where it might mean something ? If the number is to alert one to the fact that it is possible to have some sort of identity on one's self that would designate them as being in service to the "Beast" would it be appropriate to start an investigation in the pages of God's Word in order to see what all that can mean ? What are all the conformities that can put one on the "outs" with Our Creator ? If Our Creator tells one to do something and it is quite easy to do it and one refuses to do it, what does that indicate ? Apocalypse/Revelation 18:4. Was He just talking to hear himself talk or was He trying to be helpful ? There are many ways to associate the different entities that are against Our Creator and His Son Jesus, if you get so you know them all the pieces of the puzzle will fall together.
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Querent
I just had to say that.
07:50 PM on 05/01/2011
In Roman Numerals, 666 is LCDXVI, which number is composed by listing all of the Roman numerals in reverse order, starting with L. If that is a code, it seems pretty clear that it refers to the Roman Empire as such.

The reason the number seven was held in antiquity to be a "cosmic" number was that there were seven "planets", held to be the seven principle gods, i.e., Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Saturn, and Jupiter. The rest of the planets in the solar system were never, or virtually never, visible to the naked eye.
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powercosmic
The Anti-Christ
03:37 PM on 05/02/2011
That 666 refers to Rome is really well understood to everyone except Americans, and especially Evangelical Americans who want to attach all sorts of Biblical symbolism to what is really a political construct of first-century judea.
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themodernleader
05:44 PM on 05/01/2011
cayuse.  I apppreciate your thoughtful quotations.  I recognize that most of mankind yearns for a creator who watches over and makes possible a better result in case we frail, faithless humans fail
   But religion was a creation of mankind to control mankind and to tolerate the most hideous injustices for the many for the benefit of the few.
   Religion is a knowledge system that allows the few to dominate and exploit the work and accomplishments of the many and make the many like it.
   The only gods in the universe are humans as a species.  Why?  Becaus we are the only anything that has consciousness and the curiousity and ingenuity to uncover what makes the universe work for ourselves.
   Only gods can bring meaning to an otherwise meaningless nature.
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Querent
I just had to say that.
07:52 PM on 05/01/2011
Cute theory, but not ready for the adult table.
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themodernleader
11:01 PM on 05/01/2011
  I am not proposing any new religion except the religion of the sacredness of the individual---his life, liberty to be left alone and right to pursue his own happiness and wo follows the golden rule.  I can't accept any organization that demands that I accept on faith ideas and practices that justify the subjugation, even slaughter of mankind on the altar of some higher placed  value or goal.
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Elijah A Alexander Jr
Elijah NatureBoy
03:50 PM on 05/01/2011
In reading revelation 13 I find it quit difficult to make Rome the Beast, therefore an emperor the man.

It's the beginning symbols suggest some other place. Rome IS on the west of the "Great Sea" but I can't fit the 7 heads [leading nations], 10 horns [waring nations] and 10 crowns [passive nations] there. I can't find one leading nation [head] in Rome wounded by the sword like the USA's Civil War, the dragon [world's collective consciousness] giving it reign for 42 months [presidents' reigns, Bush was 43rd] nor Rome being worshiped.

Verse 10 suggests it's destroyed by a used sword and the USA is the only nation to use nuclear weapons in war which could make this land "the abomination made desolate."

In verse 11 we're to look back on the land, east across the sea, for the union of two horns [waring nations] to reestablish what happened in the USA or Rome. There is one leader of the USA who was also wounded and healed which amazed the world because of his age, Ronald=6 Wilson=6 Reagan=6 letters each. In counting the letters in that name's three parts we get 666.

In my opinion, it would be something just that obvious, John was describing, which most people would overlook in searching for it to be hidden. Since "no interpretation of scripture are of private interpretation," I believe it wold be something so easily overlooked.
01:47 PM on 05/01/2011
"Numbers are language." Absolutely true! Mathematicians often speak of equations becoming "beautiful" as they reveal more and more truth - in numbers, truth and beauty are the same thing.

People who love the number patterns throughout the Bible feel the same - they are a fascinating way to read the story within the story. Try tracking the number 40 (the product of 5 (grace, teaching) and 8 (new beginnings)) through the Bible - in every instance, it speaks of being tested. Once we have identified the pattern, the next time we see 40 anything, we know what scripture is talking about, whatever the surface story.

Of course, if you don't believe the Bible has anything to say to you, then Bible numbers won't either, but for those of us who do, the numbers add immensely to the depth of the message!
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Bob Wood
A.T.C.G...(sigh)
07:15 PM on 04/30/2011
The Book of Revelation...like Finnegans Wake, had to have been written to drive sane people...slightly less than sane. The author must have been chuckling the whole time he wrote it. Great couple of jokesters...John of Patmos and James Joyce...(sigh)
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cayuse
Soaring Eagle, soaring to Spirit from the ego self
07:39 PM on 04/30/2011
Is it that hard to identify the author. An Arc Angel if history serves me?
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wolfiegirl
Princess Wolfie
11:56 PM on 04/30/2011
Oy vey.
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Bob Wood
A.T.C.G...(sigh)
11:02 AM on 05/01/2011
Have you ever seen an Archangel ? Do you know of even one proven supernatural event or being ? Historically, there's no proven existence of supernatural beings. There are four forces that account for everything we see around us...gravity, electro-magnetism, strong and weak nuclear forces. These forces account for everything from the Big Bang to Butterflys. I doubt if a supernatural being wrote anything...(sigh)
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John R. Coats
03:05 PM on 05/01/2011
Revelation and Finnegan's Wake. I like it. You might consider including David Foster Wallace (Infinite Jest) and Gabriel Garcia Marquez (One Hundred Years of Solitude). As for your image of John of Patmos chuckling as he wrote, you wouldn't think the guy had much of a sense of humor. But Jack Miles, author of "God, a Biography" (Pulitzer, 2005), and "Christ: A Crisis in the Life of God," wrote in the latter that "The Bible is a divine comedy in both the high and the low sense of the word 'comedy'," and refers to Revelation as the "comic epic of Christianity."
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Bob Wood
A.T.C.G...(sigh)
06:53 PM on 05/01/2011
Well...I doubt that John of Patmos had much of a sense of humor...but then again he wrote Revelations. When one reads it...one must laugh, or cry. I chose to laugh. Trying to fit 2000 year old literature into the 21st century in any practical way...is beyond my wee mental capacity. Thanks for the book suggestions...(sigh)