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Judith J. Wurtman, PhD

Judith J. Wurtman, PhD

Posted: November 14, 2010 10:00 AM

What we should be eating these days to stay thin is becoming more and more confusing if we pay attention to recommendations coming out of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. They just issued their most recent version of dietary guidelines that scolded us for eating too much fat and avoiding healthy foods like brown rice, lentils and beans. According to the recommendations, most of our calories should come from vegetables, fruits, whole grains, beans, lentils and fat free dairy products. But now, like a mother who holds out a chocolate chip cookie in one hand and celery sticks in the other, the USDA is trying to get us to eat more high-fat cheese.

The newspapers recently reported the activity of a USDA-supported nonprofit organization called Dairy Management. Their mission is to get you and me to eat more cheese on our pizza, specifically a pizza from the Domino's pizza chain. In an attempt to find a market for whole milk and cream whose sales are languishing due to the public's switch to lower-fat dairy products like fat-free milk and yogurt, the Dairy Management group came up with an effective idea: They recommended increasing the amount and variety of cheese on pizza pies, because people love to eat pizza whose cheese runneth over. Domino's tried it, their pizza sales went up and the dairy people were happy because they could turn their milk and cream into a desired commodity.

Don't get me wrong, I like cheese, so much so that a few weeks ago when visiting friends in Switzerland I devoured a slice of pizza covered with melted Gruyere. But like many of us who have been bombarded for decades with USDA rules and regulations about decreasing our fat intake, my first response to the report about promoting cheese consumption by this agency was, "Now exactly how is this going to fit into your new dietary regulations?"

There probably would be nothing wrong with adding more cheese to our pizza if we ate only one, or at most, two slices and called it dinner. But when pizza is a snack or appetizer before a full meal, or when at least half a large pie is devoured at mealtime rather than one slice, the saturated fat in the additional cheese will be doing more than tantalizing taste buds. Dealing with the adverse effects from high cholesterol and elevated triglycerides, among other things, is a big price to pay for more cheese on your slice.

This confusing message from the USDA (cheesy pizza or fat free cottage cheese) should make us rethink how we can be motivated to change our eating and indeed exercise habits so we are less obese and healthier. We don't have to be told yet again that a meal with excessive amounts of fat, salt and sugar is not as good for our body as a meal with plenty of vegetables, fruit, lean protein and whole grain carbs like brown rice. We know this, but like smokers who know that they may develop horrible medical problems but keep on smoking, we have to be motivated to change.

And so far no one has yet been able to figure out how to make enough of us change our food choices to stop our national weight gain.

Perhaps money and advertising are the answer.

Here Are a Few Suggestions:

  • Connect portion sizes to price. If the diner doesn't want to be served a trough full of pasta or eight ounces of fish or chicken, offer smaller portions at considerably reduced prices. Some restaurants are doing this already but more should consider the reduced price-reduced serving size option.

  • Create more fast food items that are cheaper and healthier than those offered by the large chains. Burritos made with beans and rice cooked in chicken broth and a sprinkling of lean beef costs less than a double bacon cheeseburger with fries both in money and calories.

  • Decrease the cost of packaged healthy snacks like low-fat rice cakes, popcorn or baby carrots. If popcorn cost considerably less than salty, fatty barbecued chips, maybe people will buy the cheaper, less caloric snack.

  • Why is there so much mayonnaise in convenience store tuna salad sandwiches? If the fattening spread costs less than the tuna fish, would the sandwiches have fewer calories? It is worth considering.

  • Make people aware that salad bar and supermarket warming tray options loaded with oil (cooked noodles, stir-fried spinach, marinated vegetables) are going to weigh more than fat-free options and thus cost more. Salad bars should have a sign telling you how much more you are paying because the oil drenching the marinated vegetables and heavy salad dressing coating the lettuce significantly increases the weight of your container.

  • Let advertisers and celebrities convince us to eat better and even to exercise. This may seem impossible but consider this: Americans have agreed to undergo rather unpleasant routine tests such as mammograms, prostate exams and colonoscopies because we have been convinced that these tests will prolong life. Maybe advertising can also convince us that eating baby carrots rather than pork rinds as a snack will do the same.


Until then, all we can hope for is that the USDA has not made an investment in plus-size clothing.

 
 
 
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02:21 AM on 11/19/2010
What a difference 4 days makes. This story about tax money going to promote cheese on Dominos pizzas has been discredited. It already sounded like a case for Snopes anyway. Check out recent articles on The Consumerist and The Atlantic and many more.
MyrtleJune
STOP negotiating! End the American hostage crisis!
12:33 PM on 11/16/2010
When the USDA wants to address engineered corn in the food supply, the use of antibiotics, and growth hormones in animals and probably in the milk and cheese as well, THEN they might be on to something with their "dietary guidelines". Until that time when they want to remove what is really a major contributor to obesity, they should stick a sock in it.
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Fred Butters
01:55 PM on 11/16/2010
I'm all for USDA bashing, and I only eat Organic chicken/beef (preferably grass-fed beef) However, the antibiotics and growth hormones used on cows, pigs and chickens themselves don't cause obesity.

Although I don't eat it, engineered corn also isn't a problem as far as obesity is concerned other than it makes corn more available - corn in general as a significant portion of daily calories, is a problem.

Think of it this way: We feed cows corn to fatten them up. The USDA tells us to eat corn in order to stay thin and healthy. Huh?
MyrtleJune
STOP negotiating! End the American hostage crisis!
05:51 PM on 11/16/2010
You might want to step away from the koolaid and logic-pretzels then.
12:27 PM on 11/16/2010
For some reason, my original comment disappeared! Let's try again.
As a dairy producer, I can tell you we pay DMI to promote our dairy products, not the government. DMI receives money from the government to support programs such as The Food Assistance Program.
The dariy checkoff program was created by farmers, for farmers, and is funded by America’s dairy farm families. It does not use any government or taxpayer dollars to promote dairy products in the United States. Did you know that more than 50 percent of DMI’s annual budget is allocated to advance dairy health and wellness efforts, that are consistent with the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?
For more information, you can read my blog post @ The Wife of a Dairyman
http://www.thewifeofadairyman.blogspot.com/2010/11/ny-times-article-regarding-dairy.html
I sure hope this comment doesn't disappear as well.
09:36 PM on 11/15/2010
Pizza amongst other foods has become an American national favorite past time. We are all emotionally attached to its fragrance, its look, the roundness of it , how hot it comes out and in the back of our minds the idea of being on the Via Veneto or San Marcos Piazza downing a slice. We love the cutesy commercials that are often "tongue in cheek" and lets not forget the beer that goes down with it, too. We can not get American consumers to see the dangers of "over-cheesing" their pizzas unless we see a visual of its effects much like the movies McDonalds in "Super Size Me" or "Food Inc.". It has to be unfortunately a "shock & awe" effect first that typically motivates a buyer to beware before they give up their thin crust with a 5000 calorie slice. The very agencies that are supposed to be protecting public health themselves have to be at the center of promoting public service announcements that shepherd in better information. Many of the "fast food" restaruants have not only joined together or with soft drink companies to create "happier meals", but now have linked up with our own watch dog of preserving healthy products in the market. There is an appeal to make lung cancer public announcements that will contain very graphic images to frighten teenagers to stop smoking. One can overdo the benefits of shock value, however.FDA, HHS, PHS,NIH,and CDC can link up to make similar PSAs.
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Fred Butters
01:23 PM on 11/16/2010
Michael

A 5,000 calorie slice of pizza? An entire large, 14" Domino's cheese pizza is only 2,300 calories.

"Supersize Me?" The amount of food he claims to eat per day (5,000 cals) is mathematically impossible based on his own rules. The entire movie is based on a LIE:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ccdfzq2M1Ec
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Fred Butters
07:07 PM on 11/15/2010
Once again... where do I start?

Your article talks about the "dangers" of high fat pizza... pizza? How can you completely miss that thick, processed, refined, broken-down-to-sugar crust? Do you honestly think the 9g of fat (3.5 of which are saturated fat) in a slice of Domino's Cheese pizza are more detrimental to health than the 42g of refined carbohydrate?

"...the saturated fat in the additional cheese will be doing more than tantalizing taste buds. Dealing with the adverse effects from high cholesterol and elevated triglycerides...is a big price to pay for more cheese on your slice."

This is an incredibly inaccurate and misleading statement.

Dr. William Davis, Cardiologist:
"One of the most common triglyceride myths is that eating fats increases triglyceride. But that’s only a half-truth, since fats do indeed increase triglycerides - but only if triglycerides are measured after eating. The real story is that fats in the diet decrease triglycerides - at all other times except after a meal. The higher the fat content of your diet, the lower your triglycerides will be in a fasting blood draw. This has been well-established in numerous diet trials comparing low-fat with low-carbohydrate diets.

Even the American Heart Assoc (an entity with which I rarely agree) states that a diet high in CARBOHYDRATES leads to high triglycerides.
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12:36 PM on 11/15/2010
Choice is a key element to the Domino’s Pizza experience…as we offer a very customizable product. In fact, there are 34 million different combinations or ways to order a single pizza from Domino’s.

People can fully decide to be as nutritious or indulgent as they would like. Not to mention, how often they choose to order or how much of their pizza they choose to eat.
Our cheese and pepperoni pizzas actually are lower in calories, fat and sodium than the majority of our national competitors. You can also find Domino’s Pizza on the Weight Watchers points menu -- and many of our stores offer salads as a permanent menu item.

And to ensure that we are doing our part to keep our customers informed, the Cal-o-Meter on our website allows them to see the exact per-serving calorie count of their order.
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tsudopnem
I'm just this gal, y'know?
02:08 AM on 11/16/2010
I'd love to see some Margharita-style pizza on your menu. I live abroad, and Dominos is the closest I can get to NYC pizza. It's sad (not to insult you). Lots of fresh tomato sauce, a few slices of fresh mozzarella, and basil leaves on a thin, crispy crust. That's all a good pizza really needs.
11:34 AM on 11/16/2010
It's my understanding that Dominos sales have signicantly increased since the addition of extra cheese. It would be interesting to know the percentage of customers who actually consult the Cal-O-Meter prior to placing their order. Perhaps the percentage of "no cheese" pizza sales? Or the percentage of free standing salad sales/free salads offered with the orders. According to your website one slice of the Wisconsin Six Cheese pizza provides 30% of the daily saturated fat recommendation, and over 20% of sodium. Who really eats one slice of pizza? I'd venture to say a small percentage.

Perhaps you could further help your customers by offering a simple red-yellow-green light approach on the menu items. This simple system grades the nutritional value of the item ordered as one that should be enjoyed rarely (red), in moderation (yellow) or frequently (green). That could help a customer make a truly informed choice.
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Fred Butters
02:21 PM on 11/16/2010
Ms. Wurtman,

If you showed 10 people a plate with TWO slices of Domino's Wisconsin Six pizza (since we agree most people eat more than one slice) and asked "Do you think this is high calorie, or low calorie" what do you honestly think they'd say?

Do you really think more than 50% of them would say "Low calorie?" People know the difference. A traffic light inspired system of color coding menu items isn't necessary.
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09:53 AM on 11/15/2010
Convenience Store Tuna Salad?

That's one of the last things I'd ever eat.
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tomteboda
05:47 AM on 11/15/2010
One of the suggestions is to decrease the price of foods like popcorn and rice cakess. I buy unpopped popcorn at a local farm supply store $5 for 10 lbs of kernels; I can't imagine snacks getting much cheaper. Rice doesn't cost much more. When you buy popped popcorn or prepared rice cakes, you're paying for the convenience, not the food.
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tsudopnem
I'm just this gal, y'know?
02:09 AM on 11/16/2010
I make my own popcorn as well. How do you make your rice cakes? I'm loaded with brown rice.
10:55 PM on 11/14/2010
Regardless our government should not be spending our dollars to promote a private companu's products
11:48 AM on 11/16/2010
The government is not spending tax payer money to promote dairy. We, as dairy farmers, pay DMI to promote our product. You can see my original comment below, {I think it's the first one in this long list}. Here is the link to my blog post at The Wife of a Dairyman regarding the N.Y. Times article. I advise anyone who would like to be well informed to read it. http://www.thewifeofadairyman.blogspot.com/2010/11/ny-times-article-regarding-dairy.html
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10:49 PM on 11/14/2010
I don't follow the USDA guidelines; I've had to figure out for myself what is best for my body.

I don't eat low fat anything... they take out the fat and they add sugars and other carbs. If I want yogurt or cottage cheese, I eat the real thing. I eat cheese. I eat protein, fats and complex carbs. No convenience food, fast food or pre-made food.
09:22 AM on 11/15/2010
That's what I used to tell people when I first started doing Atkins =) When you talk to people about Atkins, they are always certain that it's not good for you, but when you tell them that you've cut out all the sugar, refined carbs, and packaged foods they suddenly think it sounds like the healthiest diet ever.
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09:50 AM on 11/15/2010
I know! Eating real food! What a concept! Losing weight without suffering. Getting great blood test results. Having no cravings. Feeling better. Eliminating IBS. Having more energy.

Gosh, that must be bad for us.

Reading Gary Taubes book now. Horrible how the "food industry" has duped the American people over the past several decades. Criminal.
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tsudopnem
I'm just this gal, y'know?
02:11 AM on 11/16/2010
But then you're also cutting out healthy carbs like brown rice and barley.
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Fred Butters
07:10 PM on 11/15/2010
Plus some low-fat yogurt, like Yoplait, replaces some of that fat with HFCS.
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02:03 AM on 11/16/2010
Yes! There was a tasting/sale of Yoplait in a store several months ago. The guy offered me a sample and some coupons. First thing I do with everything is read the ingredient list. Saw the HFCS and told the guy no I didn't want any and why. Thanks, but no thanks.
10:24 PM on 11/14/2010
This is really disgusting. I read about Dairy Management in the New York Times last week. How is it possible that on one hand, the White house is promoting healthy diets and exercise, and on the other, the government is spending 12 million dollars to figure out ways to sell saturated fat, left over from low fat dairy products? Dairy Management has an annual budget of $140 million. The Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, which promotes healthy diets, has a total budget of $6.5 million. The American public doesn't stand a chance when it's own government is promoting obesity.How will it be when our fragile healthcare system has to deal with all of the obesity related illness in the coming years?
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10:59 PM on 11/14/2010
Dairy Management is NOT part of the USDA.
09:15 AM on 11/15/2010
Dairy Management, whose annual budget approaches $140 million, is largely financed by a government-mandated fee on the dairy industry. But it also receives several million dollars a year from the Agriculture Department, which appoints some of its board members, approves its marketing campaigns and major contracts and periodically reports to Congress on its work. It is a marketing creation of the USDA.It is perhaps not a part of the USDA but it is in part financed by them.

Dairy Management, whose annual budget approaches $140 million, is largely financed by a government-mandated fee on the dairy industry. But it also receives several million dollars a year from the Agriculture Department, which appoints some of its board members, approves its marketing campaigns and major contracts and periodically reports to Congress on its work.
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TRUTHDOG
An old dog CAN learn new tricks !
09:00 PM on 11/14/2010
Now if only Domino's would actually put a sufficient amount of cheese on one of their pies I'd be impressed. Pizza chains suk - Buy from a local family pizzeria and get your moneys worth and a FAR superior product.
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tomteboda
05:48 AM on 11/15/2010
I'm not a big pizza eater, but there's plenty of really awful local family pizzerias out there as well.
07:46 PM on 11/14/2010
I seriously doubt cheese is to blame for the obesity epidemic. Plenty of European countries have higher cheese consumption than the US without the same rates of obesity. Now not all cheeses are created equal and plenty of cheeses have crazy amounts of additives but that's a different question.
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Foodgrade
Learn to grow banannas
07:38 PM on 11/14/2010
•Connect portion sizes to price. If the diner doesn't want to be served a trough full of pasta or eight ounces of fish or chicken, offer smaller portions at considerably reduced prices. Some restaurants are doing this already but more should consider the reduced price-reduced serving size option.

*******************************************************************************************************************
It's not in the interest of a resturant to serve smaller portions at a lower price, they have to stay in business after all. They should have "healthy" portions for a slightly lower price. Some do and it's really a marginally lower price but after all, they do have to keep the doors open.
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tomteboda
05:49 AM on 11/15/2010
I think the author forgot that the price of the food is only a small portion of the cost of a restaurant meal.