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K. Hollyn Hollman

K. Hollyn Hollman

Posted: September 23, 2010 09:03 PM

As citizens we are called to work toward a just society. It should be no surprise, then, that people of faith have been engaged in virtually every social reform movement throughout American history. Religious individuals and houses of worship have the right and responsibility to take part in important public debates. While the Constitution and other laws protect that right, tax regulations that govern nonprofit entities, including houses of worship, bring legal restrictions.

Religious organizations, like other nonprofits that receive special tax treatment under Internal Revenue Code Section 501(c)(3) allowing donors to deduct donations, are restricted from dedicating a substantial part of their activities to attempting to influence legislation and intervening in political campaigns. That does not mean that they cannot speak out on the social, moral and ethical policy issues of the day. It would be hard to imagine otherwise. Churches may not, however, support or oppose candidates for office without jeopardizing their tax-exempt status. This restriction includes a prohibition on statements of endorsement or opposition for a candidate from the pulpit.

In recent years, the Internal Revenue Service has increased enforcement and issued improved guidance to help tax-exempt organizations avoid implicit endorsements. These efforts are meant to protect the integrity of nonprofit organizations designated under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, including churches. According to the Code, such organizations are allowed to receive tax-deductible contributions. They may not "participate in or intervene in any political campaign on behalf of any candidate for public office." Of course, individual ministers can endorse candidates, and churches may be involved in various educational and civic activities. The organizations, however, cannot be used to tell people for whom to vote. A whole other body of law governs entities that are engaged in promoting political candidates.

Despite IRS efforts, some preachers continue to direct their parishioners in the voting booth, including some who proclaim that a political party or particular candidate is the choice of God. Each year the issue grabs a larger spotlight partly because of a campaign, coordinated by a consortium of attorneys known as the Alliance Defense Fund (ADF), to get pulpit endorsements and provoke a fight with the IRS. This year, that effort culminates on September 26. While the results of this effort will not be known for some time (82 churches ultimately participated in 2009, according to ADF), the flaws of this campaign and its aim are readily apparent.

Factually, the campaign rests on a false premise. ADF greatly exaggerates the impact of the current rule, claiming ministers are muzzled. Preachers are perfectly free to interpret and apply Scripture as they see fit, speak out on moral and ethical issues of the day, and urge good citizenship practices, such as registering voters and encouraging them to vote. In exchange for the most favored tax-exempt status, they just can't use their nonprofit entity to tell the faithful for whom to vote.

Legally, the campaign relies on a flawed theory that is unlikely to succeed. Despite claims to the contrary, tax exemption is not a constitutional right but a reasonable regulation. The Supreme Court has held that tax exemption for churches, along with other nonprofits, is constitutionally permitted by the First Amendment's Establishment Clause. The Court has never held that it is constitutionally required by the Free Speech or Free Exercise Clause. Reasonable and evenhanded taxation simply is not a "substantial burden."

Historically, the campaign incorrectly frames the issue as one of regulatory overreach. Though critics of the IRS rule say it dates back to an effort by then-Sen. Lyndon B. Johnson to quiet his opponents in the nonprofit sphere and was not intended to target churches, it is not clear that churches had long been engaged in the partisan electoral fights. The idea that churches, in order to be able to perform their prophetic role, must remain independent from political parties and capable of holding the government accountable has been around for much longer.

Ethically, the campaign raises a number of concerns. Should pastors be writing sermons with a purpose of provoking a legal challenge? Should lawyers sworn to uphold the law be organizing a campaign to get ministers to break it? Surely churches, no more than other entities that are organized for religious and charitable purposes, should not act as political committees without complying with laws that govern those entities.

Practically, the campaign urges unwanted change. Polls show that a large majority of those surveyed do not want their churches to endorse candidates. In fact, avoiding even the appearance of partisanship has been a major theme for many churches that are active in the public square. Many evangelical leaders have decried the politicization of faith and emphasized the need to avoid equating religious ideas with political labels.

With all these problems and an asserted interest in promoting religious freedom, it seems a consortium of Christian lawyers could find a greater cause to serve. Protecting religious freedom for all is a matter of conscience and conviction. It is a matter of preserving the legacy of our forebears and protecting the vital role of religion in our society. That freedom is not served -- and may be jeopardized -- by using religious institutions to promote political campaigns.

 
As citizens we are called to work toward a just society. It should be no surprise, then, that people of faith have been engaged in virtually every social reform movement throughout American history. R...
As citizens we are called to work toward a just society. It should be no surprise, then, that people of faith have been engaged in virtually every social reform movement throughout American history. R...
 
 
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Donnat
Remember when teachers, public employees, Planned
11:52 PM on 09/30/2010
This has been going on for years and the IRS hasn't so much as given a disapproving look to churches. I remember in 2004 that people would come into a political office where I worked to show us pamphlets published by their churches telling the congregation who to vote for.
12:01 PM on 09/29/2010
Religion has always been tied to politics to varying degrees.

In this day of religion being a political credential for any candidate, it's simply dishonest to say that most churches aren't pushing political agendas by using the pulpit to heavilly influence their members' view and support of candidates, party, and social issues. Since the inception of the Moral Majority, churches have openly used their collective power in electoral politics. Whether it's endorsing a party, supporting a particular candidate, standing in unified opposition for or against policy, or even threatening to ex-communicate members of Congress from their respective denominations of faith because of their support of particular legislation -the churches have considerable leverage, especially when directing not-so-bright adherents to dogma.

Additionally, given the huge amount of assets many of these businesses masqeurading as "ministries" possess in the form of multi-tiered stadium-sized "Jesus-domes" wired with topshelf electronics and hi-fi soundsystems to shame the best concert venues and situated upon literally hundreds of acres that require a fleet of shuttles and vans to commute worshipers from parking spaces in Purple Zone 6 to one of the entrances to the actual Sanctuary (the weight room and fitness center is located in another building on the far side of the grounds next to the separate event/conference hall -which is available for outside rental) why shouldn't they be taxed???

Property taxes alone could shore up state and local budget shortfalls.
11:00 AM on 09/28/2010
church/politics bible/science
10:59 AM on 09/28/2010
Church and politics don't mix.
Bible and science don't mix.
10:20 AM on 09/30/2010
Thye bible is full of politics.
10:58 AM on 09/28/2010
Why would you go to the Bible to find your science?
10:58 AM on 09/28/2010
Why would you go to church to find your politics?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Tone67
Read the whole story
12:22 PM on 09/27/2010
If Churches lose their tax exempt status then we'll be looking at the next group of powerful lobbyists
12:41 PM on 09/26/2010
It actually is not a bad thing in and of itself. The churches have the right to express their opinions and campaign for and against candidates. The problem lies in the fact that they have claimed tax exempt status. Part of qualifying for the exemption is not trying to use the pulpit to use the pulpit advocating for a candidate or cause as if you were on Fox. Stay with moral and spiritual topics, get the special tax status. Advocate for a bill, candidate or party lose the status. You may find that becoming an arm of a cause or party is the only moral thing to do. That is fine, but it should mean that as a show of you moral convictions you should give up the exemption.
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Amondale
01:18 AM on 09/26/2010
Their own, personal, tax code
something to pay their share
something that's fair

Reach out and tax faith
Reach out and tax faith
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Gregor53
Remembering your past gives power to the present.
09:10 PM on 09/25/2010
Anytime Religion becomes Politics, people are burned at the stake or deheaded.  It appears that religion and the worship of a single God is one of the biggest dividers of people today. 
12:19 PM on 09/25/2010
“Christianity is a disease; nay, a cancer which besets humanity. It stains and destroys whatever it touches. It rapes youth and poisons the minds of vulnerable people. It is the most deplorable and wretched means by which elitists control and manipulate populations for no other reason than to steal and then decimate the resources which can be exploited for their own gains.

Just look at the dark and dreary history of the Catholic church through the ages; how they have gone out of their way to murder millions of innocent humans for no other reason than to fill their coffers with riches. For centuries they willfully and systematically keep knowledge hidden away from the masses and purveyed their propaganda to keep people weak and ignorant.
This is all we see today from these wretched and self-righteous patrons of Christianity: a desperate and not so subtle enterprise to spread weakness and ignorance through fear, superstition and lies.”
10:29 PM on 09/24/2010
- Walked out of a Tennessee church once, because the pastor said you weren't a Christian if you didn't vote for Bush.
- Stopped listening to BOT radio and other hate religious programs when Palin came out at RNC in 08 after hearing the vitriol that came out of her (so called Christian) mouth and none of the so called religious leaders denounced the acid that came from her mouth.
- Stopped attending church altogether because now some southern churches are replacing their crosses with American flags and preaching the most hate filled sermons they can summon pertaining to the "filthy liberals" who are "destroying our country."
- Google Mudflats photo of Palin drapped in a flag and cross - really looks crazy. And they want to TAKE OVER our country with their religious (Pharisee) madness???? Don't think so. Vote against Palin's Pharisee-hypocritical teabaggers!!
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JFaye
My micro-bio is not empty. Thank you.
04:54 PM on 09/25/2010
You remind me of my son ... similar situation over the same named president. He walked out during a campaign "prayer" for Bush as it offended him and his then-fiance. He now-wife is a born Catholic but neither will attend church because of the politics and hypocrisy they loathe.
NorquistNemesis
I'll vote Republican when I'm in the top 0.000001%
02:24 AM on 09/26/2010
I witnessed a church evolve into a verified cult. Even though I was very young at the time, as soon as the man responsible walked in and was introduced (this is a hard one to explain and reveal) I "sensed" something inexplicable. The hairs on my arms stood up and there was a feeling I didn't know at the time was intense fear and danger. Only two other times have I ever had that "feeling" so intense.

Long story short, I saw what was going on and the deeper the church got the less involved I was till I was completely out. Luckily, I was middle schoole and into high school. Their real targets were college students and this was in a college town. This "pastor" was Kip McKean. He finally was run out of town thanks to the parents of college students demanding investigations. (This wasn't an overnight process from beginning to end.)

He moved on to start another cult in Boston (though he was in the Gainsville FL area as well). The likes of Sarah Palin with the behind the curtain help of thousands of megachurches (like Rick Warren) put fear in me the same way as when Kip McKean walked into our church in the mid-70's. It's just on a national scale with national publicity now, and does not bode well for America.
PaulArt
Under 50 and Screwed by the TParty65+
09:13 PM on 09/24/2010
I think its impossible to prevent or control the congregating of people over a common cause. Conservatives earnestly believe that moral structure comes from the religion they follow and that moral structure dictates almost everything else they believe in and do in life. A good many of them may be myopic in failing to understand that the GOP manipulates them into unfettered support of all Corporate causes but how exactly do you prove that Intel or Microsoft or Texaco is evil? BP was evil but that was because of the gulf blow out. Its really a stretch for an average not very well read Church goer to understand the insidious tentacles of Corporations into our lives. Consider Healthcare - if you go into a Church and ask someone how much of their pay check went towards their employee portion of Medical Insurance payments in 1998 and how much is going today - I bet you that they won't know the answer. Only the really sick people or ill people who have had at least one major illness in their family know the answer to how good their coverage is and how important having coverage is. Most of them unfortunately also believe that these misfortunes befall the sinners in their midst and they themselves will never be touched. This is the problem that we face - this is the problem Ralph Nader faces every time he talks himself dry on the excesses of Corporations. It all flies past the heads of
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edgarcaycedoc
09:02 PM on 09/24/2010
And preachers can even campaign for specific candidates. But ONLY as a private citizen, and not on church property. Any minister can go by either party's headquarters, pick up campaign literature for a specific candidate, and distribute it and campaign for the candidate by name--so long as they do not say their endorsement is mandated by their church. In 1964 I heard a preacher--from the pulpit--endorse Barry Goldwater thus: My anti-Christ was shot in Dallas. (an audible "oooh" raised from the congregation). He laughed. Then he said, "Don't be so shocked. Lots of men have been shot in Dallas." Then he went on to paint JFK's predecessor as the anti-Christ. I have been opposed to pulpit politics ever since.
07:46 PM on 09/24/2010
Are you referring to the Ayatollahs, or Jeremiah Wright? Just asking.
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Amondale
01:27 AM on 09/26/2010
SO what were some of the things Wright said that you disagree with?