We are witnessing a historic change to the development paradigm. Drastic spending cuts in the United States, uncertainty around Europe's common currency and the consequences of the earthquake in Japan are reordering international priorities and put further pressure on aid budgets. At the same time, development needs in Africa are multiplying as climate change and rapid population growth add new financing demands, and populations empowered by advancements in information and communication technology are asking more of their leaders. While aid remains vitally important to build capacity, leverage other flows and achieve specific results, it is clear that African leaders and international donors need to look beyond traditional development strategies to fill funding gaps and accelerate progress.
We at the Africa Progress Panel are convinced that partnerships harnessing a broader range of actors and their energy, creativity and resources can provide at least part of the solution. In this year's Africa Progress Report, which we launched yesterday at the World Economic Forum on Africa, we call on leaders in all sectors, including government, business, and civil society, to do more to strengthen, replicate and scale-up existing partnerships, but also to identify and consider new forms and areas of collaboration.
Partnerships have already demonstrated their transformative impact. In recent years, we have seen collaboration between the private sector and international philanthropists leading to significant reductions in malaria deaths. Partnerships between mobile-phone providers and governments have greatly increased access to finance for Africa's poor. And collaboration between civil society and intergovernmental organizations has vastly improved access to credit for smallholder farmers and helped raise agricultural productivity.
By mobilizing resources, improving efficiencies or extending services, access and opportunities to marginalized groups, partnerships can clearly achieve tremendous results. In doing so, they are already complementing and expanding government-led development efforts. But -- as the various partnerships around the introduction of mobile money in East Africa have shown -- collaborations brought to scale can achieve much more. They can create vibrant markets, transform entire sectors, and lead to sustainable structural change.
As countries and companies are shifting their attention from Africa's problems to its vast potential and abundant opportunities, new spaces for engaging actors around their comparative advantages are opening up. The private sector understands that it needs the access and knowledge of local partners and national governments to grasp the enormous commercial opportunities at the bottom of the pyramid. Governments and civil society organizations are recognizing the value of the resources, capacities and expertise the private sector can bring to their development efforts. As the interests of the various sectors continue to converge, and improvements in regulatory environments make cooperating easier and safer, opportunities for partnerships continue to grow.
However, despite the many encouraging examples we have seen, the number of successful partnerships remains miniscule compared with both the potential and the need for them. Too often, activities remain small-scale, localized and isolated, as actors lack the capacity, resources or incentives to scale up their operations, replicate them elsewhere, or deliver more than piecemeal change. As a result, many opportunities for tackling Africa's problems and driving its progress are missed -- to everyone's detriment.
We argue that more can, and should be, done to facilitate the spread of successful partnership models across countries and sectors. National governments can do more to ensure the regulatory conditions that allow partnerships to mature beyond pilot projects. International donors and institutions can do more to initiate and provide seed funding, risk mitigation and other supportive guarantees to innovative models. Private-sector actors, particularly international corporations, can do more to move beyond traditional patterns of sourcing, production, and distribution, and expand their operations to marginalized segments of the population. And civil society organizations can do more to increase accountability and play a constructive intermediary role.
However, despite the enormous value they can add, partnerships for development are certainly no panacea for all of Africa's problems. Even brought to scale, there are limits to what they can achieve. They do not replace good governance, strong institutions as well as political leadership and vision as the core ingredients of progress. On the contrary, partnerships depend on these to be able to fulfill their potential.
Crucially, partnerships do not shift the responsibility for progress away from the shoulders of African leaders and international donors, even though they can help to spread the burden. Donors still need to fulfill the extensive financial and political commitments they have made to Africa, and it remains up to African leaders to inspire processes and build capacities to translate the continent's wealth and potential into tangible benefits for its citizens. It also remains up to them to protect these citizens from the vagaries of nature and the volatilities of the global economy, providing them with adequate public services and opportunities to feed and educate their children and make a decent living.
For this, Africa's leaders need to rise to the interlinked challenges of growing their economies, delivering results for their people, conserving the environment, and achieving the Millennium Development Goals they set themselves a decade ago. My fellow panel members and I strongly believe that partnerships can help them with all of these tasks.
Kofi Annan is Chair of the Africa Progress Panel. The panel launched the 2011 Africa Progress Report -- 'The Transformative Power of Partnerships' -- at the World Economic Forum on Africa this week. The full report is available to download from www.africaprogresspanel.org
http://www.stwr.org/food-security-agriculture/land-grabs-another-scramble-for-africa.html
The developed world partners just need to look differently at these smaller initiatives, in order to see their human strength, their pulsing will to be an extended family helping each other, sometimes in spite of governments which will do everything to frustrate their efforts, looking on jealously, trying to exploit the aid for political gain or self-enrichment.
Smaller initiatives can band together to form larger webs of co-operation, without being forced to give up the fire with which they started, in favor of lukewarm and culturally foreign mergers prescribed by the developed world partner.
Things are being done in very different ways in different worlds; Its no use smothering the African partners with small offices and underpaid volunteers with deluges of administrative work that who knows reads, and unrealistic deadlines fostered by the "hand-wringers" on their success story spree. On the African side, its also no use trying to hide things and try to look like the developed world counterpart.
Giver and receiver have very different outlooks on life, whether we realize it or not.
We have to know this and work accordingly.
"Thank you Lord, that You said the poor will always be with us", a caustic placard in a African partner's office reads, with a photo of Western "poverty workers" in a plush office, making tax work for their own benefit and for those in poorer countries. Perhaps current difficulties may bring us closer together, so that mutual expectations will become more honest, more realistic.
Tej is a honey wine from Ethiopia. Its key ingredient is a species of buckthorn called gesho that grows only in Ethiopia. Americans enjoy trying different cuisines and Ethiopian restaurants have introduced our large cities to tej.
Commercially produced tej can be purchased in bottles with difficulty, but the few sources are North American brewers. As a hobbyist meadmaker I've located exactly one US importer of gesho who sells online. It has been impossible to purchase Ethiopian honey or Ethiopian yeast strains: tej in North America is substantially different from authentic Ethiopian tej. The traditional Ethiopian drinking vessel, the brilla, cannot be found.
Tej could become a thriving export industry--Japan has built such an industry around sake--yet what Ethiopia actually exports are small amounts of buckthorn leaves and twigs. This is a sad state of affairs for a beverage that was traditionally the drink of kings.
The potential for development exists, though.
Oil, diamond, minerals, these are things that keep your own countries in the west comfortable and rich, and to keep these resources cheap, it is in your interest to keep these countries in a constant state of desperation. It is an intolerably xenophobic and uninformed attitude that blames innocent, impoverished people who have tolerated centuries of abuse for the atrocities currently being perpetrated on this continent. Although we as Africans have a lot to learn, we need to be allowed to succeed.
Your leaders will sell out to them just as quick as they sold out to the West.
Say no to China.
Say no to the IMF/Central Banks, too, the leeches.
Africans -- preserve your cultures, keep your ways. They are so much better than ours.
It will be the former and new colonialists and imperialists who decide.
What benefit is it to the global capitalist system that the richest continent in terms of natural resources becomes a "developed" nation in the various sectors?