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Larry Diamond

Larry Diamond

Posted: February 13, 2008 12:54 PM

Can American Democracy Recover?


With the election sweeps last night by Barack Obama and John McCain, the most pro-reform candidates in each party are headed toward the presidential nominations. McCain's victory may partially be a fluke of a weak competitive field. But it is no coincidence that McCain and Obama are careering toward a showdown in November--and that the other maverick hoping to rally moderates and independents, Michael Bloomberg, is being forced to the sidelines.

Both McCain and Obama speak, albeit in very different tones, to a broad and deepening sense among Americans not only that the country is moving in the wrong direction, but that there is something seriously wrong and corrupt with our democracy. McCain may represent more of the same failed Bush approach to foreign affairs--stay the course in Iraq (forever if necessary), project America's power unilaterally, and be prepared to bomb Iran--but he is one of the few Republicans who has had the principle and integrity to challenge some of the sleaziest elements of our democracy, such as the broken system of campaign finance and the swelling tide of wasteful legislative earmarks. Moreover, both McCain and Obama speak to (and will compete for) the large swath of the political center in America that is disgusted with the polarization and coarsening of our political life. With the march to the nomination of these two figures--one deeply conservative, the other genuinely progressive, yet each more inclined than his primary opponents to reach for the center--Americans are signaling that they want reform.

The resolve to repair our own democracy, and the debate on how to do so, cannot come too soon. The next president will face a staggering agenda of deferred problems and erupting crises: Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, nuclear proliferation, climate change, economic recession, collapsing home mortgages, unaffordable health care, Social Security and Medicare reform, and the country's disintegrating physical infrastructure (to name a few). Forging viable and creative responses to these vexing issues (any one of which could drag down the next presidency) will require a degree of bipartisan cooperation and mobilization for a higher national purpose that has been rare in recent decades. This is a major reason why not just independents but increasingly a majority of Democrats have been opting for Obama, and why not just independents but a large plurality of Republicans have opted for McCain as their strongest candidate.

The burning foreign and domestic challenges of the next presidency cannot be resolved with a narrow political majority. Getting out of Iraq will require vigorous diplomacy, shrewd military and political maneuvering, and bipartisan cover for the next president to take some calculated risks to try to stabilize Iraq and then draw down. The only way to stop the Islamic Republic of Iran from getting a nuclear weapon is to offer it a bargain so sweeping and enticing that it could not refuse it without grave further damage to its waning legitimacy. To pursue such bold initiatives, the next president will need to rebuild at least some of the lost tradition of bipartisanship in foreign policy. Slash-and-burn politics as usual is not going to get us there. Neither can it get us to the kind of radical steps--a serious gasoline or carbon tax, a sweeping set of financial incentives to invest in renewable energy--needed to arrest global warming. Nothing would be more catastrophic for the United States (and the rest of humanity) than a global meltdown, and the tipping point for sparing the planet or not could well come as soon as the next presidency.

So pick a major issue and ask yourself: Can we really get the kind of transformative change we want without tearing up the deep trenches of the American political landscape and building new coalitions?

Next to bankruptcy of our social safety net, nuclear terrorism, or a melting of the polar icecaps, reforming American democracy may seem a quaint and secondary issue. So 97 percent of congressional incumbents waltz back to office every two years with the protection of obscenely gerrymandered districts. So public officials have to spend inordinate amounts of time raising money from big donors and powerful interests to get reelected. So we can't run an election as efficiently as India, and we are one of the few democracies without a national electoral commission that can at least set common standards. So what passes for a national electoral commission isn't even functioning because it has almost no members left, due to partisan gridlock. So the Congress and Executive branch have become a revolving door of lobbyists and special interests. So what?

So, how are we going to come to grips with the problems we have been kicking down the road for years and decades if we don't get a more open, honest, and responsive democracy? How are we going to outmaneuver the legions of special interests that will try to block fundamental reform--of health care, the housing market, energy, you name it--if we don't level their inordinate power? And how can we help other people to achieve freedom and democracy if we can't even defend it and repair here at home? What, then, is left of our shattered credibility and shredded soft power in the world?

One of the most fascinating aspects of this election season is how avidly it is being followed around the world. The dollar may be in the tank thanks to the Bush administration's fiscal recklessness. Our moral standing may be at an all-time low thanks to its global blunders and hypocrisy. But the world has not given up on America, and other societies know that none of the big global problems can be solved without America playing a responsible leading role.

Increasingly, policy makers and thinkers elsewhere in the world question whether the United States can recover its moral credibility, its economic vitality, and even its military capacity after squandering so much of it all in Iraq. Others doubt that America can craft the new kind of global leadership that is necessary for a multipolar world, or that it can--in the wake of Guantanamo, Abu Ghraib, waterboarding, and warrantless surveillance--become again a beacon for democratic practice and hope in the world. We have lost a lot of ground, treasure, blood, and time in the last seven years. But righting the damage is fist and foremost a question of leadership.

Can we recover? There seems to be an answer emerging from the creative turbulence of our democratic process. Yes, we can.

 
 
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09:44 AM on 02/14/2008
Mr. Jefferson, Thomas not George, stated once that to keep the American ideals alive, we must have a revolution every few years. "Can we recover?" Yes. Look, we are a country born of political hardship. We as a collective are standing at a precipice (and not for the first time), and the actions we take will forever shape our future. What we do and say today will be the world our children inherit. Illegal wire taps, waterboarding, a broke and broken social security system, religious intollerance, unfair and unreasonable tax code . . . this is not the legacy I want to give to my sons. Wake up America, change is not just needed its inevitable. Those who aren't ready will be left behind. What would Thomas Jefferson say if he were here to see us now? Sorry T.J., we blew it.
09:14 AM on 02/14/2008
Maybe the reform candidates are winning because people are tired of psycho gang stalkers poisoning people and the police and government doing nothing about it.
researcher
researcher
06:46 PM on 02/13/2008
seriously corrupt? most ameicans are imperialists and many are war mongers. that is corrupt as you get. 30% approval rating for war monger bush jr. thats corrupt.

a 700 billion dollar defense budget that is really a offense budget that americans support year after year.

we are more than corrupt we are the worst threat to world peace in the world.

we are on our way to corp fascism and a second rate country.

one thing we americans know how to do. shop till we drop on credit.

we even call our soldiers heros for killing people in an illegal war. now that is corrupt as you get.


"A nation that spends more year after year on military offense (and I mean offense) than on programs of social uplift is approaching spiritual death". (Gunnels)


we are a religious nation approaching spiritual death.
outnow
Ban the bomb
06:37 PM on 02/13/2008
To defeat something, first you must "name" it. Eisenhower called it the military-industrial-complex. (MIC). The People are getting smarter because more and more people are able to see through the Star Wars defense extravaganzas that feather the pockets of contractors. When the party is over and the Pentagon stops bleeding the People with the rotating "Generals-turned-procurement contractors" the nation will be ready for a change.
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donaldw6
Man's extremity is God's opportunity
06:36 PM on 02/13/2008
We're not dead yet, so I don't see any reason to give up. We have a couple of candidates who really want to try and fix things (and another one who wants to blow things up), and one of those candidates wants to take a more modern and sophisticated approach. In many of his stump speeches, Obama talks about how stupid it is to try the same things over and over again, and expect a different result. Obama is softening the message somewhat, since that's actually a popular definition for insanity. We've seen the older approach in a pretty undiluted form for the last eight years, and I think we've found definitively that it no longer works.

How do you get two disparate factions to work together? Obama talks about the value of listening, and in the midst of vast disagreements discovering small areas where the two sides might actually agree. The consensus might be for something completely unexpected, but that insignificant collaboration opens a door, and who knows where it might lead?
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tbone99
cruisin' duality
06:35 PM on 02/13/2008
Can you really call it a democracy when a popular vote winner can lose, when it takes hundreds of millions fron corporate lobbyists to run a campaign ( yes Obamaists, even if the money is received under some other acronym ), when there is not one GET OUT of IRAQ NOW frontrunner despite widespread disgust with the occupation?

Its not a democracy - its a sideshow ,The MSM essentially showcases the candidate chosen by their advertisers and censors the rest.The whole campaign has been a financial boon to the media and they have played it to the hilt.

The only candidates not bought and sold on Wall St were Kucinich ,Edwards, Ron Paul, and yes,Huckabee.
Everyone else is a cartoon copy of each other-pick your shape and color, custom created by PR firms and sold to us by the media.
05:54 PM on 02/13/2008
America is not a democracy. Obviously, the reasons for this are complicated and many. One reason, perhaps the primary reason, for this is Americans' misguided allegiance to the inept idea that capitalism and democracy are somehow inherently compatible, perfectly united in a mutually perpetuating life cycle --- an idea counterintuitive to me.
Capitalism, and more importantly today's capitalism (Chicago School Reaganomics of totally deregulated capitalism), can only lead a society to one place --- a stratified social class system that necessarily includes economic power elites, the minority of people who inevitably end up controlling the majority of wealth. It is this that points to the fact that capitalism and democracy are NOT INHERENTLY compatible. It makes no sense to think that powerful economic elites would be in favor of a system that levels the playing field, that redistributes wealth and power to "we the people". What else would we logically expect from a system predicated on greed and self-interest? To think that unregulated greed and self-interest can lead to democracy defies all logic.
The truth is that democracy, true democracy, shuns pure capitalism of the Chicago School Reaganomics type, and that type of capitalism shuns democracy. For definitive proof of this concept, look to the South American countries that have been victimized by this current form of capitalism. Those countries, and especially Bolivia, have demonstrated clearly that the two concepts can only coexist with serious restraints on capitalism, regulated markets, which enable the average citizen to participate equally in the "DEMOCRACY".
This article is so Obama-esquely hopeful while simultaneously ignoring the fact that candidates like Kucinich and Edwards who TRULY presented platforms of change have been so magnificently blacked-out by the media, and even by many citizens who don't really seem to understand what is at stake, and what is going on behind the scenes. I'm sure there is much more behind the scenes than ANY of us know, but I am constantly amazed at the level of ignorance that exists concerning the reality of America's exploitive involvement in other countries. "Our democratic process"? What democratic process?
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CaseyBabes
06:40 PM on 02/13/2008
Your tome on "Democracy" is full-blown play at over intellectualizing. Just say that we vote in a democratic way, corrupt as it may have become, and function within a free market, capatalistic sort of way. We think it, ergo we are. Why bother with the Economics/Government 101?
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CaseyBabes
06:42 PM on 02/13/2008
Sorry, capitalistic.........
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tbone99
cruisin' duality
06:44 PM on 02/13/2008
You're right -the word freedom is thrown around a lot in this country in a very romantic way.Too bad people don't understand it as it's meant by politicians. Its very specific meaning in this country is freedom...of markets.
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HippieChick
Still thinking about tomorrow
05:13 PM on 02/13/2008
"The next president will face a staggering agenda of deferred problems and erupting crises: Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, nuclear proliferation, climate change, economic recession, collapsing home mortgages, unaffordable health care, Social Security and Medicare reform, and the country's disintegrating physical infrastructure (to name a few)"
Larry Diamond (2008)

The Founding Fathers would be so proud:
"Those who would give up essential liberty to purchase a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety."
Benjamin Franklin

I believe that banking institutions are more dangerous to our liberties than standing armies. If the American people ever allow private banks to control the issue of their currency, first by inflation, then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around [the banks] will deprive the people of all property until their children wake-up homeless on the continent their fathers conquered. The issuing power should be taken from the banks and restored to the people, to whom it properly belongs.
Thomas Jefferson

The spirit of resistance to government is so valuable on certain occasions, that I wish it always to be kept alive.
Thomas Jefferson

Where is a Franklin or Jefferson when we need them?
HippieChick
outnow
Ban the bomb
06:41 PM on 02/13/2008
Let's nationalize the banks. This would be a legitimate exercise of constitutional authority for the people. The threat of such a move would send ripples of spine chilling fears in this corrupt segment of society that manipulates the economy and creates extreme privilege. Start with the Fed. Re-institute some regulation. Send a message that we want transparency, not the financing of more wars! No more asset bubbles!
09:38 AM on 02/14/2008
The oil/energy companies too, while we're at it. How can a system that allows a company to haul in record prifts while people freeze in their homes be considered "good."
04:56 PM on 02/13/2008
Just suppose that we return to our American Ten Commandments, our Constitution with our Bill of Rights; and just suppose that we identify, indict, prosecute, and jail the criminals who have occupied the highest levels in our government these past 7 years; and just suppose we stop allowing unconstitutional behavior just because somebody else did the same thing in the past; and just suppose that we look again at what our Republic is supposed to be "on paper" and assign ourselves to that ideal; and just suppose that we return to teaching civics in our public (and private) schools so that kids become Citizens who appreciate the separation of powers just as they appreciate the separation of church and State; and just suppose that... well, you get the drift, don't you? The road back to where we must return is clearly marked, and simple to conceive; we know precisely what has happened to wreck this country, do we not? Let's be honest. And as I have heard it said of Zen, to understand a problem gives immediate presentation of the solution.
04:52 PM on 02/13/2008
The Constitution is antiquated and needs to be amended to plug the holes that the pissy politicians have dug. The definition of "treason" should be expanded and garnished with the death penalty for those who dare to abuse an elective office. As it is now, the politicians have the freedom and the average citizen has the chains.
02:59 AM on 02/14/2008
The constitution is fine, congress has more then enough evidence to impeach, but the DLC.ORG half of the dems are in bed with BushCo.

I sure wouldn't want the crooks in office now messing with our constitution.
04:50 PM on 02/13/2008
Our nation will not recover as some dream, our check-kiting Nat'l-Dollar is long past recovery, our check-kiting Foriegn Policies (Empirical) are long past recovery, and our check-kiting Domestic Policies have long since destroyed America as we know it, or will ever see it again.

My last act of desperation will be writing in Dennis Kucinich as President, and calling for the present Bush-Admin to stand before a Fed-Court on charges of Crimes Against Humanity. Perhaps if time permits, the same can be accomplished with many now within the heirarchy and power structure of American leadership.
09:42 AM on 02/14/2008
I too, will either write in a candidate or vote for a 3rd party one who I agree with (Green, maybe) No more holding my nose and voting for a candidate I don't like simply because the other guy is worse.
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arvada
04:50 PM on 02/13/2008
scalia say's "torture is good by me"
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mommadona
I paint. I blog. Therefore, I am.
04:50 PM on 02/13/2008
To answer your question - no.

Analogy:

Raping a virgin.

They still look the same, but everything inside and out has changed.
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milo9
04:31 PM on 02/13/2008
A big help in recovery would be to return broadcast media to a semblance of truth and fairness. Without this, any initiative, no matter how obviously beneficial, can be torpedoed with ease. Returning truth to the media needs to be first on the agenda.
11:01 PM on 02/13/2008
if you like the truth, just turn into FOX news, you be happy there, there all about the truth, unlike moveon,cnn.
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RS
I think, therefore, I don't listen to Limbaugh
03:42 AM on 02/14/2008
FOX News Channel reporting the truth?? You've got to be kidding me! That station is NOTHING BUT A 100% bona fide GOP propaganda organ! It wouldn't surprise me a damn bit if you own stock in News Corporation (the parent company of Fox News Channel).
05:31 AM on 02/14/2008
LOL, Fox News, an extension of the Bush WH.
their opinionated reporters don't even pee before they ask Rupert Murdoch.,, truth lol
03:01 AM on 02/14/2008
We have to break up the 5 MSM monopolies if we want any semblance of a free press.

I suggest that you may own only one media outlet per person corporation or conglomerate.
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RS
I think, therefore, I don't listen to Limbaugh
05:44 AM on 02/14/2008
AMEN TO THAT! For starters, let's go after Rupert Murdoch (aka Josef Goebbels II) and News Corporation. Here is a brief listing of what he owns:

Everything that starts with "Fox"
New York Post
Wall St. Journal
The Weekly Standard
MySpace.com
TV Guide
DirecTV
20th Century Fox studios
HarperCollins books
Regan books
Speed Channel
National Geographic channel
MY network
William Morrow publishing
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MsLiz
burned out attorney, flaming liberal
04:30 PM on 02/13/2008
Wow, the comments are overwhelmingly negative. I thought as I read the article that it was a good sign that the probable nominees are willing to work with independents and members of the other parties. It makes me hopeful that the most extreme Republicans have been soundly rejected (Thompson, Giuliani). I still don't think that most voters are aware how off-course the country has gotten, or that the existence of the US is not a given. We really need to get a solid majority of Democrats into Congress in November. With luck, we can save the Supreme Court. We won't have effective campaign reform until we get rid of the justices who equate money with speech.
09:44 AM on 02/14/2008
McCain is quite extreme, the difference is that the MSM doesn't choose to present him as such. They like the "maverik" label they slapped on him years ago, even if it isn't true.