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Leo Hindery, Jr.

Leo Hindery, Jr.

Posted: January 18, 2011 09:30 AM

There've been ten recessions since the Second World War -- I've lived through nine of them, and although the Great Recession of 2007 is "officially" over only because GDP growth is again (modestly) positive, it persists in most everyone else's view with a jobless recovery of a magnitude not seen since the Great Depression.

There are things about this last recession, however, which are so sobering and unprecedented that as we again celebrate the life of Dr. Martin Luther King, we need to reflect, more than ever, on what's happened to the American Dream, the vibrancy and even the definition of the middle class, and the premises of fairness and equal opportunity that distinguished those other periods.

As long ago as 2006, well in advance of the flurry around the 2008 presidential campaign, it was clear that for the first time since World War II the number of uncounted unemployed workers would soon equal the number being "officially" counted each month by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. In contrast, in all prior recessions, the number of 'uncounted' unemployed -- i.e., part-time-of-necessity, marginally attached, and those who've removed themselves from the labor force in frustration -- was never more than about one third of the officially counted.
Just as structurally foreboding, we were seeing stagnant wages for, on average, 90% of workers for twenty years in succession, plus more income inequality than at any time since 1928.

And so as Progressives, many of us began to rigorously advance, for whatever new administration would come our way and for Congress, large-scale job creation initiatives, including a national manufacturing policy that would balance and offset the policies of our largest trading partners, especially China; individual income tax reform that would restore the principle of progressive taxation that had been subsumed by the "trickle down" policies of Reagan and every administration since; new corporate tax policies that would incentivize companies to create jobs in America rather than ship them overseas; and trade policies that would be 'free and fair' and not just 'free'.

Later on, when the unethical practices of Wall Street and the 'big banks' became so apparent -- and the linkage between remedying them and restoring the health of the middle class so obvious -- we also joined the likes of Rob Johnson, Mike Lux and the Roosevelt Institute in advancing progressive finance reform.

Now in 2011, no one can say that in the public debate there are not meaningful solutions, reflecting FDR's DNA, targeting every aspect of our still broken economy and jobless recovery. Solutions which should find bipartisan support and the support of both the deficit 'hawks' and the deficit 'postponers'.

With far too few actions yet taken in response, however, maybe even the 'Chicken Littlest' among us still aren't fully perceiving and assessing the predicaments we're mired in.

The Columbia University labor economist Till von Wachter, as reported by Sudeep Reddy in the Wall Street Journal, has done good work on the breadth of the economy -- i.e., the "swath of the labor market" -- that's been impacted by this recession, compared to every recession and downturn since the Great Depression. And that breadth is unprecedented, with clear evidence, according to von Wachter, that, "The deeper the recession, the lower the wage you're going to get in the next job and the lower the quality of your next job."

According to Reddy, more than half (55%) of the full-time workers who've lost jobs in this recession and who've now found new employment have experienced wage declines, two-thirds of which exceed 20%. And in what is now clearly an employers' labor market, it seems inevitable that the majority of the workers who are still unemployed will similarly be rehired only with significant wage cuts, cuts so large that it will be many years, if ever, before their wages return to pre-recession levels.

The pain of this on workers is obvious, but it is the insidiousness of what it portends that must also concern us. Already, some in power are using the deep cuts of this recession as an opportunity to embed into the long-term lower wages throughout American industry.

Recessions, while always taking place on the backs of American workers, are not, in their recovery, supposed to be used by robber barons to slash wages, take away employee rights and benefits, and emasculate unions. For most of the last century, the hallmark of American business was shared and equal corporate responsibility to shareholders, employees, customers, communities and the nation. It would be a sin if the Great Recession of 2007 became the last nail in the coffin burying this principle, with financial returns to shareholders and management trumping everything else.

The masked unemployment that we saw on the horizon in 2006 and the jobless recovery that we are now living through is, first and foremost, a "jobs crisis", as the economist James Surowiecki has identified with great insight (The New Yorker, January 3, 2011). But the part of Surowiecki's analysis and commentary that is most valuable is his discussion of whether the paucity of new jobs being created each month and the swelling of the ranks of the long-term unemployed is "structural" in nature or "cyclical".

To quantify this, each month our economy needs to create some 150,000 jobs just to keep up with population growth. Yet in the eighteen months since June 2009, when the Obama administration says this recession officially ended, instead of creating those 2.7 million jobs (18 times 150,000) plus the millions of new jobs we needed for the already unemployed, the number of real unemployed workers in all four categories of unemployment decreased by only 638,000, from 30.3 million to 29.6 million.

To a worker who has been unemployed for months on end -- there are now at least 9.6 million employees who've been out of work for at least six months -- the reason he and so many of his neighbors are unemployed may sound like a purely academic argument, but as Mr. Surowiecki notes, it's an argument whose consequences are all too real. It's also an argument that is now being manipulated by some for purely selfish reasons.

If a recession is marked by a lack of demand and based on cyclical economic factors -- even if one of those factors is financial meltdown due to financial malfeasance -- then government policies that boost demand will assuredly help us recover. And this is clearly the recession which we Progressives saw coming back in 2006 and for which we have advanced numerous solutions and responses which would reignite hiring, strengthen our global trading, and incentivize companies to expand capacity here at home.

Right now, however, with no evidence to support it, the nation is hearing from the big business community and its acolytes in Congress that today's prolonged unemployment is, as Mr. Surowiecki writes, "mainly structural". They say that there's little we can do about it, that the unemployed just need to wait for the market to sort things out, and that a big part of the problem is a mismatch between the jobs that are available and the skills that people have.

How often have we as a nation been told in the past two-plus years that all we have to do in order to 'fix our economy' is 'fix education'? According to this view, many of the jobs that existed before the recession are gone for good and the people who held them don't have the skills needed to work in other fields. A big chunk of current unemployment, this argument goes, is therefore structural, not cyclical, and resurgent demand won't make it go away.

This is such poppycock.

Mr. Surowiecki points out that if the problems with the current job market really were structural, then the job losses since 2007 would be heavily concentrated in those industries that have been ravaged by the bursting of their bubbles. At the same time, there should be vacancies and rising wages in those industries that are not so disadvantaged. Instead, jobs have been lost and hiring is slow across almost the entirety of our economy.

The "structural" argument has, in my view, always been the "cop out" argument, and it is certainly the preferred argument for those large businesses -- especially the multinational corporations, the big banks and Wall Street -- that have profited outrageously off of the imbalances which many in Congress have allowed to define our economy since the '70s. These imbalances have resulted in unprecedented real unemployment, stagnant wages and income inequality, while shifting fully half of the nation's income to just the top ten percent of income earners.

High(er) unemployment is here to stay only if we elect not to take the government actions that would offset the biggest decline in consumption and investment since the Great Depression. Government actions are not an option, they're the imperative.

Today is not the time to attack either the administration or Congress for inaction, although I've done that from time to time when it seemed right. Rather, it's time:

  • To present the correct view of the epic scale of the economic problems our nation faces.
  • For the nation as a whole to appreciate the basic mechanics and embrace the supporting narrative that can lead our country toward another genuine "morning in America".
  • To adopt a "growth" strategy rather than the "bleed the patient" strategy being pushed by the likes of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the Peterson Group, deficit hawks in Congress, and the wealthiest of Americans.
  • To reestablish genuine progressive taxation and cease the attacks on Social Security, FDR's most important and enduring legacy.


It's time to put job creation, trade reform and further finance reform above all but our national security. It's also time to stop obfuscating the true nature and depth of the current Jobs Crisis: It's mostly cyclical, it's not structural, and it's eminently fixable.

Leo Hindery, Jr. is Chairman of the US Economy/Smart Globalization Initiative at the New America Foundation and a member of the Council on Foreign Relations. Currently an investor in media companies, he is the former CEO of Tele-Communications, Inc. (TCI), Liberty Media and their successor AT&T Broadband. He also serves on the Board of the Huffington Post Investigative Fund.

 

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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
KWiedemer
Denver Unemployment Examiner
10:42 AM on 01/29/2011
I would go so far as to say the unemployed are being deliberate­ly suppressed­.
The unemployed are not lazy. In CO, there are more than 233,000 unemployed workers; there is a job shortfall of more than 264,000 jobs and the state created a whopping 500 new jobs last month.I'm really tired of hearing how lazy the unemployed are - it's just an outright lie -a cop out.

...in July it was reported that there were more than 16,000 who had exhausted benefits. In August, that number had increased to approximat­ely 20,000 and by November it was reported by the CDLE that more than 26,000 unemployed workers in the State had exhausted all available EUC benefits.

Also in Novemer, the CDLE reported that "19,000 people are currently on SEB and will see no more payments after the week ending 12/4/10" [if the 13-month extension had not been passed in the Presidents 'deal'].

Now, this week, the CDLE has told the Denver Post, 9News** and all other media outlets that there are 'just under 19,000 claimants' who qualify for Tier 4 benefits.

How can the number of 'reported' 99ers start at over 16,000 in July, increase to 20,000 in August and more than 26,000 in November, and then, two months later, fall to 'just under 20,000'?



Denver Unemployme­nt Examiner
http://www­.examiner.­com/unempl­oyment-in-­denver/off­icial-repo­rts-re-99e­rs-coming-­from-the-d­ol-and-cdl­e-mysterio­usly-decli­ne
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
KWiedemer
Denver Unemployment Examiner
01:27 PM on 01/19/2011
Thank you for this enlightening piece. As one of the longest term unemployed, middle class professionals, it is refreshing to read something other than reasons why myselfand millions of jobless Americans are 'employable' - and expendable.
I voted for 'Hope andChange', Mr. President, as did millions of my fellow job seekers and longest-term unemployed 99ers who are now facing homelessness and poverty - permanently. You did nothing, Mr. President, for the 5 million 99ers in your so-called 'deal' with the 'Party of No Help for the Middle Class'. Soon there will be nearly 10 million fellow 99ers. Your praised 2% reduction in the payroll tax does nothing for people who have no payroll to be taxed.

And yet today, you continue to demonstrate your concern for business and say nothing about having any concern for America's unemployed middle class. What I failed to realize when I voted for 'Hope and Change' was that in order to be among the 'hopeful' would require that a person be currently employed and fighting for the rights & survival of only Corporate America 'entities' (corporate personhood?) - and not for the lives of individual, working-class Americans such as myself.

Denver Unemployment Examiner
http://www.examiner.com/unemployment-in-denver/obama-s-concern-for-regulation-ignores-consumer-protection-for-discrimination
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
spinotter11
Spinning through life and trying to understand it.
03:47 PM on 01/20/2011
Kelly - Are you sure that your indignation is aimed in the proper direction? I am not.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
KWiedemer
Denver Unemployment Examiner
09:11 AM on 01/21/2011
My 'indignation' as you call it is directed at ll bureaucrats inWashington. Obama is our 'leader' - a leader who is doing nothing to lead the long term unemployed anywhere but more darkness.

44% of the nation's unemployed have been out of work for more than 1 year - this figure will continue to grow. That means that 6.5 million 'counted' unemployed workers have a 9% -NINE PERCENT - chance of being re-hired (this according to the BLS). The apathy coming out of Washington with respect to the - now homeless - unemployed and the blatant discriminatory hiring practices will only exacerbate the problem. And to this point, Obama and Congress have turned a blind eye but are instead focused on the needs of Corporate America (the very offenders who refuse to hire anyone who is unemployed -(assumingthey are hiring anyone in this country) are the biggest offenders. Everybody in Washington knows it.

Who or where else should my 'indignation' be directed towards?
Denver Unemployment Examiner
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Tom Hendricks
see wikipedia
12:21 PM on 01/19/2011
Leo the problem of jobs may have a lot to do with the media that refuses to cover the issue fairly.
Today is National Hiring Day. Huffington Post and the rest of the media has failed the public on fair coverage and fair reporting on the jobs issue. Every news source that was contacted about it, and there were about 100, has refused to talk about National Hiring Day, and it's here 1.19.11. This is a day that corporations were encouraged to hire new employees. The day suggested is Wednesday JANUARY 19, 2011.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
KWiedemer
Denver Unemployment Examiner
01:29 PM on 01/19/2011
It may be hiring day -but nobody is hiring the 'unemployed'.
Discrimination against the unemployed based on age, poor credit history and now, also based on 'employment status' (ie: 'the unemployed need not apply') is rampant.

Denver Unemployment Examiner
http://www.examiner.com/unemployment-in-denver/obama-s-concern-for-regulation-ignores-consumer-protection-for-discrimination
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Tom Hendricks
see wikipedia
01:46 PM on 01/20/2011
Good point.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
spinotter11
Spinning through life and trying to understand it.
03:48 PM on 01/20/2011
Who came up with this idea and who "suggested" the date? You're the only person I've ever heard discussing this National Hiring Day.
yougg
just a citizen
07:47 AM on 01/19/2011
There has to be a total mind set change in the business community. Unfortunately I just don't see that- yet. Here and there you see some change. There has been so many years devoted to centalizing businesses. This centalization of business has hurt everybody. Go local where ever you can.
06:21 AM on 01/19/2011
The unprecedented gains in corporate profit have come largely as a result of a big squeeze on labor. Moreover we learned the labor squeeze is well out of proportion to the economic hit corporations were taking. Adding insult to injury is that fact that “in 2009, the CEOs who slashed their payrolls the deepest took home 42 percent more compensation than the year’s chief executive pay average for S&P 500 companies.” This is not just rugged individualism it is ruthless individualism.

Though disconcerting, this should not be all that surprising. Given that our economy rests upon each individual striving to maximize his/her material self-interest— improving his/her lot—then who among us is in a better position to do so than a CEO of a corporation? So we mustn’t blame the greedy for doing exactly what the material self-interest based system expects them to do. What's in it for me means whatever I do is for Me, not for We.

Perhaps each of us should question whether it is in our collective—that’s the We– best interest to sustain such a system by continuing to support and cooperate with it or take action to change it. Without change the dream is a nightmare.

http://www.forprogressnotgrowth.com/2010/09/12/ceo-self-interest/

http://www.forprogressnotgrowth.com/2010/10/03/the-ceos-dilemma/
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
KWiedemer
Denver Unemployment Examiner
09:14 AM on 01/21/2011
That couldn't have been said any clearer -
Take action to change it!

Denver Unemployment Examiner
11:57 PM on 01/18/2011
Lift the burden of regulations and taxes off the little guys. A lady who makes cloth diapers is stopping because fancy new testing is required. Our President has a promising columns in today's Wall Street Journal. Let most regulations be bankruptable; let us accept the risks we choose to accept, instead of being smothered by D.C. babysitters.
07:30 PM on 01/18/2011
Well argued analysis of the economy by Leo Hindery, Jr.
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05:17 PM on 01/18/2011
I attended and worked at a for profit college. What a scam and they are using your tax money. Does anyone know what goes on at these schools. Intercoast College which has numerous locations in calif and other states. They say that they are a privately owned company but just last week I spoke to the BBB and American Career College came up as their DBA. This college is laughing all the way to the bank. Im shocked at the things I witnessed there and eventually I was the whistle blower. I have a few posts out there and have hired a lawyer because I was threatened many times. I was harassed in more ways then one. I even put in some calls to the congrssman in our area. I am also in the process of an investigative article that will hopefully shed light on this mess our country has gottern itself into. We hand out grants and aid to any school that can come up with a bogus accredidation company. And the default on the school loans are around 78% that is disgusting. When are we going to realize that we are being scammed.
Viper
Former repub, still repenting
04:38 PM on 01/18/2011
The spouth raced to the bottom for 50 years , non union, low wages and eals for businesses that moved there from other states..while those same states paqid more than twice as much in per capita to the federal government only to have their FED tax dollars flow to red states that used their on dollars against them and for the red states to still be after 50 years the poorest states becuase there was always another bottom in China...

Regards
04:36 PM on 01/18/2011
Wrong! It is also systemic and endemic, when working and most middle income families pay income taxes out of money they need for a decent standard of living and the upper tier rich get tax cuts so that can enjoy more discretionary luxury income they do not invest in job creation - it is not cyclical! When jobs and technology are shipped overseas with impunity, it is not cyclical! When worker permits are not issued to illegal foreign workers who cross our border with impunity, it is not cyclical! When social security gets the budget ax before government welfare for the rich, it is not cyclical! When Congress legalizes scams used by the financial and mortgage industry and commodity future trading and multiple insurance bets on risky gambling of investor funds, it is not cyclical! How do you explain the huge disparity in income gains and wealth gains since Reagan compared to the prior 30 years post WWII period? That is not a "fixable" cycle!
08:23 PM on 01/18/2011
Yes! Further, this recession *is* structural, but for reasons other than those cited by Hindery. Make-work jobs, growth, and consumption only works under conditions of an eternally expanding economy (otherwise interest on debt would cause the whole house of cards to collapse). But - Hello! - we live on a finite planet, with finite resources and carrying capacity. In a closed system (Buckminster Fuller's "spaceship Earth") things can't grow forever. The fact that we are facing worldwide economic distress on so many fronts clearly indicates that we are hitting the limits.

We do now need to change the "structure" - i.e. the nature, purpose and goals of economic activity. But that's such a challenge I doubt any of our current leaders have the vision or the courage to take it on.
04:07 PM on 01/18/2011
I agree. I would emphasize the unscrupulous tactics used against the less-advantaged group, loaning money to people who couldn't make the first payment on a mortgage (see The Big Short, Lewis). Of course the speculators made money.
Yet the problems aren't new. Refer to Peter Drucker's (the Business Guru) Managing in Turbulent Times, from 1987. There he states "Professionals must be held accountable" and refers to the "new normalcy". Over and over, we end up with a congress (2001-2005) that knows less about history and business then the group preceding it.
03:50 PM on 01/18/2011
Want to help a large number of small businesses and the overall economy? Allow people to take a write off on their taxes for the cost of such labor intensive services as hairdressers, barbers, house cleaners, home improvement companies, house painters, auto repair shops, child care, etc. Such a tax break would help shift demand to such services from the purchase of goods which usually have a low labor input to cost ratio and which are often imported. The high labor use services are usually mom and pop operations with comparatively low income workers. Both such business owners and their workers would be likely to immediately spend any additional income to the benefit of the overall economy. In bad times our tax codes are stupidly rewritten to favor investment in capital by allowing accelerated depreciation etc. rather than promoting the use of labor. If current capital goods are not being used because of lack of demand, why would anyone want to invest in more equipment, buildings, etc. This lack of demand is why businesses are sitting on their money rather than investing it. Giving tax breaks for capital in our current situation is throwing money down the drain. In a full employment economy such a bias toward capital makes sense. In bad times labor use should be promoted.
03:33 PM on 01/18/2011
It's "Structural"

The biggest threat to our nation's economy and to our security and sovereignty is our ridiculous perspective on trade relations !

We have virtually insured that our businesses must move offshore to survive!

Admittedly there are plenty who have moved offshore simply to increase profits even if they were already making reasonable to handsome profits.

I would put forth that anyone who believes that our tax code is the reason for the flight is unaware of a couple of basic facts :

First, the actual tax paid by many medium to large corporations.

Second, the fractional percentage that taxes represent with respect to the overall set price and corresponding profit realized on the item as it sits on the shelf or showroom and
Third how anyone can expect our middle range manufacturing infrastructure to anything but flee when we open our markets up with few restrictions to product manufactured in circumstances where there are : NO OSHA,NO Environmental restrictions/NO Minimum Wage/ No government mandated employer contributions to worker security programs such as Fica/Futa etc, and the list goes on !

The fact that the stock market is up IS NOT a signal that our economy is recovering. If you think that check out the percentage of GM cars manufactured and sold overseas and in particular in China !

Do our politicians understand what they have stood idly by and allowed to happen ? You betcha !

The burning question is why would they ? Follow the money!
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
William50
03:14 PM on 01/18/2011
The American Party suggest radical and real changes to form a real basis of growth in the USA. The first is free trade to equal trade, at wholesale in the USA all products have to match what it costs to produce in a modern plant here in the USA. The second is an economic war plan that puts the entire country to work to rebuild, retool and education for today and the future. The third is pulling out of the war zones but keeping a strong main military that does not have to call on the reserves unless the US government declares an actual war. The forth is changes to transportation, retooling factories and rebuilding American cities to put this country to work. Also we will expand the space program to fully include commercial interests to again build the new innovations that can be turned into products to sell to the world, bring new power sources from the moon and to begin a space program that will give mankind the stars.
That is the American party's, short platform. What do your programs allow for America.
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06:19 PM on 01/18/2011
Ballot access laws have been rigged by the two-party duopoly to make it almost impossible for independen­t or third-part­y candidates to get on the ballots:

http://www.thelibertyvoice.com/ralph-nader-ron-paul-agree-ballot-access-laws-are-rigged-against-independent-third-party-candidates
Ralph Nader & Ron Paul Agree: Ballot Access Laws are Rigged Against Independen­t & Third Party Candidates | The Liberty Voice

http://www.freeandequal.org/videos/free-equal-ballot-access-movie/
Free & Equal Ballot Access Movie

http://rangevoting.org/Strangle.html
RangeVoting.org - Stranglehold of 2-party domination

There was more turnover in the Soviet Politburo than in the U.S. Congress
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Trepasky
Sanity is neither free nor easy
03:02 PM on 01/18/2011
Well said!
Without jobs that pay a fair and useful wage, there will be no 'real recovery'.
The best job growth per month during the past 50 years was 250,000 per month. Subtracting the 'population growth' leaves about 100,000 per month, about 1.2M per year. It will take at least 4 and as many as 10 to get us back to a 4% unemployment level. That of course assumes no other layoffs during that period. States and cities and Feds will be laying off many people this year and next.

We need incentives that create jobs.

1) Raise taxes on the wealthy with deductions tied to work force utilization, job creation and unemployment reductions.
2) Cut the pay in Congress and add a bonus structure using the same work force utilization, job creation and unemployment reductions.
3) Rescind the tax cut extensions for the wealthy and give the dollars to the lowest paid and unemployed instead.
4) Raise the capital gains tax with deductions based on work force utilization, job creation and unemployment reductions.

Without incentives, we can be sure that unemployment will increase, wages will drop, and the wealthy will become wealthier.

The recession hit the middle and lower classes the worst.
http://mon­ey.cnn.com­/2010/12/2­3/pf/rich_­wealth_gap­/index.htm­?source=cn­n_bin&hpt=­Sbin
".the average family's net worth plunged 41% -- to just $62,200 -- from 2007 to 2009.."
"...wealth­y households­' average net worth tumbled 27% -- to about $14 million”