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Linda R. Monk, J.D.

Linda R. Monk, J.D.

Posted: April 14, 2010 06:17 PM

Elena Kagan As the Next Earl Warren

What's Your Reaction:

Why progressives aren't cheering for Solicitor General Elena Kagan as President Obama's next nominee for the Supreme Court is an enigma, wrapped in a mystery. She's got just the personality, intelligence, and experience to shape the Court for decades, at a time when the legislative agenda of the president is going to face the most hostile justices since FDR's court-packing days. Indeed, Kagan has the potential to become another Earl Warren in her ability to unite the Court in seminal decisions on divisive social issues.

Yet influential blogger Glenn Greenwald -- who courageously rallied lawyers opposing torture -- has made preventing the nomination of Kagan his personal mission. He bases his attack on what he believes Kagan should have done rather than what she actually has done. The core of his complaint is that Kagan did not speak out louder against the Bush (and now Obama) policies on waging war against terrorists, rather than coddling conservatives on the faculty at Harvard Law School, where Kagan was dean from 2003 to 2009. She now serves as the first female solicitor general of the United States, a traditional stepping stone for Supreme Court nominees.

But it's precisely her experience at Harvard that most qualifies her for the current Supreme Court vacancy. Surely a woman who can tame the fierce passions of warring conservative and liberal factions at Harvard Law can help mold a cohesive majority at the Supreme Court -- something even Justice John Paul Stevens was rarely able to do. Part of this, as Stevens noted, is because the Court has veered rightward, but it is also because the justices as a whole have not remembered their own institutional interest in restrained decisions. At Harvard, Kagan reminded the combatants that they were ultimately taking the school down with them. She built a reputation as an honest broker who identified common interests and advanced the ball.

Like Harvard, the Supreme Court has been damaged as an institution by perpetually dissolving into warring camps. A string of 5-4 decisions on either side of an issue merely prolongs the dispute and creates more work for lawyers and political fundraisers. How can Americans have any hope that the Constitution actually stands for something if its interpretation constantly varies with the election results?

This is not the president's first appointment, nor likely his last. But it is the appointment that could most influence the success of his health care initiative, which is about to go whizz-bang from the states to the Supreme Court. It's exactly for this kind of case that some conservatives on the Court have been sharpening their teeth, for decades. They want to reverse constitutional law a century and return to an era when state and federal legislation protecting health and workers rights was uniformly struck down as unconstitutional. As reported by Jeffrey Rosen in a 2005 article for the New York Times magazine, there is a "Constitution in exile" movement that aims to dismantle the regulatory state and return to the Social Darwinism embodied in the Court's 1905 decision, Lochner v. New York, which struck down maximum working hours for bakers.

It is precisely at such a constitutional turning point that someone with the social intelligence (read: political smarts) of an Elena Kagan can make a huge difference. The best example of this, ironically, is Earl Warren. A conservative governor nominated by a conservative president, Chief Justice Warren worked the justices like a seasoned pol to unify the Court in unanimous or near-unanimous decisions on some of its most controversial cases: desegregation, court-appointed counsel for accused felons, and school prayer. Contrary to its reputation, the Warren Court was not so much liberal as national: it wanted the Bill of Rights to apply equally to all Americans in all states.

As for critics of Kagan's nomination like Greenwald, who find her too cozy with national security absolutists, they should remember that Earl Warren himself oversaw the internment of Japanese Americans from California during World War II. Some constitutional scholars believe it was precisely because Warren had participated in such executive actions during wartime that he became even more devoted to protecting the rights of minorities. Perhaps Elena Kagan's experience crafting the Obama administration's wartime response to terrorists will help her draw a clearer line in protecting the constitutional rights of individual citizens against a natural security leviathan.

The truth is, we don't know what any justice will become once she joins the Court. But what the Court, and the nation, needs right now is a justice who can find common ground where it is possible. As Justice Stevens himself told the New York Times:

"What really for me marks a conservative judge is one who doesn't decide more than he has to in order to do his own job. Our job is to decide cases and resolve controversies. It's not to write broad rules that may answer society's questions at large."


 
 
 

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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Anym
Obama is GoldmanSachs
11:24 PM on 05/09/2010
Bill Kristol has endorsed Sarah Palin, torture, the tea party, and Elena Kagan.

Does something seem wrong with that list?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
yorkie
11:23 PM on 05/09/2010
Why all the fuss,,,this should come as little surprise if one has followed the words and people Pres. O has put in place in legal eagle areas....However, that said,,,why have we allowed so to speak, the rt wing, and W included, to pick very rt wing judges to the top court, --Roberts and Alito and little fuss was made , with little chatter about filibuster that both deserved !!! These two are not only the nerds and rt wingers of the court , they should not have been made judges in the first place!!! The roots are putting in office Reagan and then VP Bush in the 80's...a disaster we linger with !!!!! TAKE BACK THE LANGUAGE AND WIN THE ARGUMENTS OF JUSTICE, LAW AND POLITICS IN US !!! THE ELECTION '10 CAN NOT BE WON BY THE SHAM OF TEA TOADLERS BACKED BY KOCH oil corp and other big biz interests !!!!
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03:11 PM on 04/29/2010
Yes, Earl Warren once did something that was terribly wrong. I don't think shields Solict. Gen. Kagan' s opinions from scrutiny & criticism. Especially since she has produced relatively few opinion pieces herself.

The more I hear about Elena Kagan, the more I am reminded of the of General Casey in Mars Attacks "But didn't I always tell you honey, if I just stayed in place and never spoke up, good things are bound to happen."
03:00 PM on 04/29/2010
WIth a bunch of immature male radicals, there -- who've reduced the image of the court to a
1950s Grade B movie -- any adult would be appreciated.

But as the (given them a finger and they take the whole hand) rubberband of our country continues to be pulled towards El Duce people must be careful not to sacrifice the entire quality of our lives baby sittting juvenile delinquents.

That said when being held hostage helps to bring out the better angels of the terrorists.
02:03 PM on 04/28/2010
I salute you, Monk, for manning up and admitting you were wrong to advocate for Kagan (see Greenwald). An update to this post is called for.
Kudos.
10:33 PM on 04/20/2010
Your description of Lochner is not entirely accurate. Take a look at some of the things being written by Victoria Nourse or Barry Friedman.
01:15 AM on 04/20/2010
Greenwald hints that Ms. Monk has been co-opted by White House forces to write positive spin in favour of Kagan, If that's even remotely true then Ms. Monk needs to find another line of work. One where she's not able to easily betray her ostensible duties and responsibilities... like the checkout in McDonalds.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Linda R. Monk, J.D.
Constitutional Scholar
07:13 PM on 04/20/2010
Not true! As you would know if you checked the updates to GG's Salon letters.
02:15 PM on 04/21/2010
In fact was checking here to find your responses to Mr. Greenwald's response to this article. How about a nice link to that material?
12:39 AM on 04/23/2010
Yes it is true. This is a co-opted by the White House spin idiocy. If you read what Greenwald has written - no American, regardless of political philosophy, would want this woman on the Court.

Kagan just lost an 8 to 1 case put forward by Kagan - that even 4 liberals on the court were horrified by. Next time you write a pump article - do your homework. Kagan is a disaster for this Country - whether you lean left or right.
03:26 PM on 04/18/2010
Monk provides good reason to expect that Kagan would be another lukewarm "moderate" that the neo-con Supremes would have little difficulty overruling. If in doubt, read Greenwald: http://www.salon.com/news/opinion/glenn_greenwald/2010/04/17/kagan/index.html
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Linda R. Monk, J.D.
Constitutional Scholar
07:14 PM on 04/20/2010
What I did was convince Greenwald that how a justice can reach conservatives to form a majority, as did Stevens with Kennedy, is a key criterion to filling this vacancy. Read his new post.
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Eris23
Justice is in indefinite detention.
10:57 AM on 04/21/2010
I'm not sure you can really lay claim to that, as Greenwald has been singing Wood's praises since the Sotomayor confirmation.
02:17 PM on 04/21/2010
I didn't see where you convinced Mr. Greenwald of anything. Please be specific. Thank you.
07:13 PM on 04/17/2010
Sorry -

The internment of Japanese during WWII was one of the most contemptible episodes 20th century US history. Using this as a justification to support a person for the Supreme Court is scary.

If your defense of Ms. Kagan is that other Supreme Court nominees have approved indefinite imprisonment without trial based on ethnic background and that maybe she won't, I find the argument less than persuasive.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Linda R. Monk, J.D.
Constitutional Scholar
08:56 PM on 04/17/2010
It's not a justification, for goodness sakes! It's a reminder that not even the so-called liberal (later in his career) Earl Warren, or the decidedly liberal FDR, or even the Attorney General of the US publicly opposed internment at the time. And we later (thanks to the seminal research of Prof. Peter Irons) discovered from AG Biddle's notes that he warned FDR that the SG at that time LIED before the Supremes in oral argument and said there was evidence of Japanese American citizens being disloyal, when there was none--at all.
01:03 AM on 04/23/2010
Linda, I've been reading your comments. You are here representing Obama. Unfortunately, Americans have had a taste of Obama.

Should anyone want to find out what a disaster Kogan is, just read Greenwalds articles on www.salon.com

Kagan is an absolute disaster. Even the liberals in the Supreme Court gave her a deserved dressing down.
09:09 PM on 04/16/2010
I think social liberal issues are more important to upper middle class people than to working class people, for whom the struggle to pay bills, living paycheck to paycheck, week after week year after year is the central feature of their existence. And those are the people progressives are fighting for. For me certainly economic issue trump everything else, and I believe that is true of most Americans, who are populists: socially conservative but economically liberal. Given the choice I prefer a pro-choice and pro-gay rights position, but as a straight male those issues aren't central. What is central is economics, and it looks to me as though Kagan supports the idle rich over the worker, the powerful and connected over the poor and disenfranchised.

I think John Odum sums it up well here:

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/john-odum/elena-kagan-and-the-west_b_540526.html
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Linda R. Monk, J.D.
Constitutional Scholar
09:40 PM on 04/16/2010
I come from a looooooong line of working class people who constantly struggled to make ends meet (being a writer doesn't exactly exempt me from that struggle either). So I definitely agree with John Odum that economic issues are, and should be, part of the progressive platform.

But I think it's a bit patronizing to say that people who struggle economically aren't interested in social liberal issues. Free speech, equal pay, and civil rights are enormously important to people at the bottom of the wage scale, too. Remember folks like Ernest Debs, Clarence Earl Gideon, and Fannie Lou Hamer. They were poor, imprisoned, and beaten, and still took a stand for liberty.
11:06 PM on 04/16/2010
I am using a bit of a simplistic political science way of categorizing issues of government regulation (it is easy to put it on the board that way) as regarding either a) the economy (regulation of things like airline safety, safety of the food supply, children's toys, workplace safety, wages, etc.) and b) personal/ private issues (regulation of personal morality such as whom you have sex with and how, nudity on televison or films, abortion (also an issue of sex) gay rights (an issue of the traditional family) etc . Progressives favor regulation of the economy only, not the personal private issues I mentioned. Conservatives favor regulation of the personal private issues but not the economy (the truism about them is that they want freedom for companies, not for people). Liberals want regulation of neither the economy nor personal, private matters. I think that Kagan is a liberal in that sense. But most Americans are populists: they favor BOTH government regulation of the economy and personal/ private matters. The conservatives give them the regulation of private issues they want (it doesn't cost their rich donors anything) but the liberals give them NOTHING. That in a nutshell is why the conservatives were able to win elections now most of the time, if there isn't an economic upheaval, over a liberal.

Long story short: In my opinion, Kagan is a liberal, not a progressive, and so progressives are opposed to her.
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suzc
Speak the Truth, even if your voice shakes
11:00 AM on 04/18/2010
So where would I fit in, as a fiscal conservative and social moderate/liberal? Mostly I too am for less government, especially in my home, and I don't like paying taxes when the richest among us pay none. Yet I believe the offices of government deserve our support, even when the office holders are greedy and corrupt (I'm thinking of Congress now) and serve nobody's interests other than their own and that of their owners.
11:56 AM on 04/18/2010
You are a textbook example of a liberal (sometimes called a "libertarian, but they are the same): against government regulation of the economy and also of personal matters. Check out my rubric above.

I would point out that your cartoonish definition of a liberal in another post is completely inaccurate. Americans sometimes get caught up in terminology. I once had a professor from Peru say in class that "Many in the Third World are opposed to Reagan's liberal policies" which produced much head scratching. Someone finally said "Reagan isn't a liberal, he is a conservative. But "laissez-faire" economics IS a liberal policy, originating with John Locke and Adam Smith, and that is the way the term liberal is used everywhere but in the US. Conservatives tend to favor using the state to advance the economic interests of that country ("mercantilism"), while liberals from Smith on believe that the state distorts outcomes by choosing winners.
06:35 PM on 04/16/2010
comparing elena kagan to earl warren is comparing apples to oranges at best..and if kagan is the "apple"..then she is rotten to the core.. glen greenwalds' fears are well-founded IMAO...

earl warren was appointed to the SCOTUS in an era of ascendant liberalism and the civil rights movement.. 20+ years after he supervised the internment programme...today..however..the radical right is on the ascendant..along with its policy of disappearing its political opponents.. of which kagan has been an outspoken exponent..to the point of being on bill kristols' side...the boumediene case would surely have swung the other way had kagan been on the SCOTUS in 2008.. and we would now be living in a hard-core police state as a result...

furthermore..im inclined to believe that o'bumble chose kagan because of craven political expediency more than anything else ..having already been defined by the far right..o'bumble is in no mood for the barrage of liberal-baiting from repugs that a substantive replacement for stevens would elicit...
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Linda R. Monk, J.D.
Constitutional Scholar
07:45 PM on 04/16/2010
You clearly don't know much about American history. Earl Warren was appointed to the Court in 1953, which was NOT an era of "ascendant liberalism" or the core of the civil rights movement. It was incipient, not ascendant, and Warren had a lot to do with bringing the Court together to end desegregation and nationalize standards for freedom of religion and criminal justice.

To say that Kagan would not have upheld habeas corpus at Gitmo is baseless. She has made one statement, on one issue, and that is battlefield law. Habeas corpus only applies where the US courts have jurisdiction; it does not follow military troops wherever they go (i.e., into the battlefield).
09:59 PM on 04/16/2010
it could be debated whether or not the time of warrens' appointment was an era of ascendant liberalism...(i should also point out that brown vs board-of-education..which was at the core of the civil rights movement..was rendered the following year in 1954)...what i meant was that warren is best known for his work during the liberal zenith of the 1960s and early 1970s...

how kagan would have voted in boumediene is necessarily pure speculation.. your implication that she would not have voted differently in boumediene has no more basis in fact than my opinion that she would have...

kagans' statement on battlefield law was so strongly in line with bu$hco (ie the whole world is the battlefield..upon which the govt can seize anyone it so desires as an "unlawful enemy combatant").. that i cannot help but think that kagan would have swung the other way in that case...boumediene and other such cases were basically about what happens when the battlefield overlaps the reach of US courts...and from where im sitting..kagan was hands down on the "battlefield" side of the argument...
03:54 PM on 04/17/2010
That she supports spying is not a big deal - she was doing her admin's job - and the president voted for it. She is a fan of the surveillance state by any available evidence.

Here is the thing - so she brought a law school faculty together: who cares? And how did she do it - by hiring more conservatives. So - the normal reaction by Kagan to partisan adversity is the same as Obama's ... adopt more conservative policies and hope they like you better.

Kagan, when Wood and Koh are out there is a pretty hard choice to stomach. In her solicitor general confirmation she claimed the presidential authority to detain indefinitely without charges.
05:41 PM on 04/16/2010
What a confusing article.

First you ignore Greenwald's contention that we have little record of Kagan's opinions. The last time we had a stealth candidate (Souter) it turned out to be a disaster for those who nominated him.

Secondly Greenwald says correctly that Kagan's silence (while others spoke out) meant that she did not believe as strongly against those policies as others did.

And lastly you ignore Greenwald's contention - Beyond the disturbing risks posed by Kagan's strange silence on most key legal questions, there are serious red flags raised by what little there is to examine in her record. You ignore the red flags, then act coy about why progressives are unhappy about Kagan, and then to top it off add some mumbo jumbo about "national security absolutists". Ridiculous.

We progressives don't want someone who can bring the Supreme Court and Harvard together. We want someone who is progressive, articulate and has a well demonstrated track record as an intelligent and persuasive progressive. Kagan is not.
05:57 PM on 04/16/2010
All your article says is "Trust me. Kagan is a great person".

Wasn't Kagan the one who stonewalled the Senate Judiciary Committee despite saying earlier that "when the Senate ceases to engage nominees in meaningful discussion of legal issues, the confirmation process takes on an air of vacuity and farce."

If she is nominated for the Court expect her for the second time to run as fast away as possible from her own words.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/03/05/AR2009030503226.html
06:09 PM on 04/16/2010
Meanwhile Salon has another article which does not speak well of Kagan:

Largely overlooked, though, is an issue that is ultimately more far-reaching: whether Kagan would be an effective liberal on the court -- that is, whether she has the skills to win over Anthony Kennedy, who casts the decisive vote in nearly all of the court’s most closely divided cases, and whether she could match wits with Antonin Scalia and John Roberts, the court’s conservative fire-breathers.

Based on a review of the transcripts of Kagan’s appearances before the court as President Obama's solicitor general, there is little reason to believe that she possesses particular deftness on either front. Even more surprisingly, Kagan has not infrequently raised the ire of the court’s more liberal members, her supposed ideological allies.

http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2010/04/15/kagan_as_solictor_general/index.html
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Linda R. Monk, J.D.
Constitutional Scholar
08:37 PM on 04/16/2010
I have no idea whether she is a great person; I think she has been a good manager of big egos at HLS. Excellent point about the turnabout on the confirmation process, and I'm sure that will be explored at her hearing, assuming she is nominated.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Linda R. Monk, J.D.
Constitutional Scholar
08:43 PM on 04/16/2010
I guess the real question is what a "persuasive progressive" is and to whom. I want a progressive who can be persuasive to Kennedy, like Stevens was.
12:40 AM on 04/17/2010
So what do you say about:
"Kagan has not infrequently raised the ire of the court’s more liberal members, her supposed ideological allies. "?
02:14 PM on 04/16/2010
"The truth is, we don't know what any justice will become once she joins the Court." This is nonsense. We knew plenty about Alito and Roberts, including their membership in the Federalist Society (with Scalia), though if memory serves Roberts tried to cover that up. A conservative is extremely unlikely to become anything but a conservative. Arguing that Kagan might not be so easy on fascism when she's a justice just undermines your argument that she's a good candidate in the first place.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Linda R. Monk, J.D.
Constitutional Scholar
02:24 PM on 04/16/2010
OK, now, get your facts straight. Roberts was not actually a member of Federalist society, though I agree with you that he is a prime example of one. I think he was on an honorary Board of Advisors, and tried to downplay that. Warren and Brennan (along with Stevens) are leading examples of political "conservatives" who became leading liberals on the Court.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
614banker
Please proceed Governor...
04:27 PM on 04/16/2010
I really respect and appreciate how you're able to frame your arguments in such cohesives ways; nothwithstanding the fact that you're a Jurist Doctor. Fanned! For sure.
05:24 PM on 04/16/2010
No, you get your facts straight. From the WaPo: "Supreme Court nominee John G. Roberts Jr. has repeatedly said that he has no memory of belonging to the Federalist Society, but his name appears in the influential, conservative legal organization's 1997-1998 leadership directory... Over the weekend, The Post obtained a copy of the Federalist Society Lawyers' Division Leadership Directory, 1997-1998. It lists Roberts, then a partner at the law firm Hogan & Hartson, as a member of the steering committee of the organization's Washington chapter and includes his firm's address and telephone number."
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/07/24/AR2005072401201.html
And you've managed to come with two whole justices who were once "conservative" (as defined in a very different era) and became more liberal.
That's not much of a basis for your speculation that Kagan might suddenly decide to stop supporting horrifyingly unconstitutional ideals.
02:06 PM on 04/16/2010
You assume she's going to be an Earl Warren: bringing "togetherness" to a bitterly divided court, a centrist who's really a crypto-lefty.
I suspect, given her dubious decisions, that she'll be another Barack Obama: Elected to office on promises of comity and reasonableness, of hewing to a center course, but really supporting and advancing right-wing ideology on many issues of desperate constitutional importance. Just like Roberts and Alito, now that I think about it, for whom many Dems voted.
Glenn Greenwald is right, and there are other candidates who are better qualified and not as compromised. Why risk losing more ground on the SC to someone so questionable?
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Linda R. Monk, J.D.
Constitutional Scholar
02:34 PM on 04/16/2010
Your concern is the recurring theme of most posts that disagree with me: why take the risk? So I'll repeat my core argument here for the benefit of folks who don't want to go through all the posts. First, I think Greenwald overstates the risk; he focuses on Kagan's support of the battlefield law doctrine, which is not unusual among military lawyers (who btw fiercely opposed the Yoo-Bybee memo on torture). Plus I do think she will be a powerful force toward trying to persuade other justices to find common ground, which usually means a less expansive ruling and therefore less damaging to the Court as an institution. That's what Stevens said he was all about, as quoted at the end of my article.
05:36 PM on 04/16/2010
So we come down to the fundamental problem with your post: it's only your opinion (based on your belief that Kagan managed to calm down Harvard Law School's faculty). So it's, "Hey, let's give her a chance; she might not be the right-wing nemesis of the constitution that her very few words and actions have shown her to be so far."
Doesn't Greenwald point out that Kagan enthusiasically supported Bushco's "unitary executive" (i.e., dictatorial) practices. He also points out that she had very little opinion about the legal atrocities committed during the Bush 2 era, unlike many of her peers and that she flip-flopped on her banning of military recruiters on Harvard's campus in a hot second. Greenwald's opinion is deeper, stronger, smarter and far more sensible. He's right--there are much stronger, much more trustworthy candidates.
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Eris23
Justice is in indefinite detention.
11:18 AM on 04/21/2010
Actually, I'll disagree with you, since Ms. Hagan does not support the Battlefield Law doctrine. Rather, she completely agreed with a misinterpretation of it that started under Bush, and was proposed to her in a series of leading questions by Graham to trot out the same justifications for this intentional misinterpretation.

Think about what "battlefield law" means and why it exists. This is a system of law meant to deal with soldiers or areas where there is a battlefield. There are multiple reasons for why people can be held for the duration of hostilities in such settings, as they may pose a risk of returning to the front, or the level of fighting in the area has so crippled the common infrastructure that there is simply no way to have a regular functioning legal system. The Geneva Conventions cover this topic fairly well.

[continued ...]
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suzc
Speak the Truth, even if your voice shakes
12:28 PM on 04/16/2010
I have nothing against Kagan.

I would just strongly prefer some actual balance on the court and this is one of the few opportunities to provide it. That means not a Catholic, not a Jew, not a New Yorker or a Bostonian, not a Harvard or Yale grad.

I'd prefer someone from middle America or the West, like the Montana judge for instance.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
Linda R. Monk, J.D.
Constitutional Scholar
12:41 PM on 04/16/2010
So "actual balance" to you is geographical, not political?
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suzc
Speak the Truth, even if your voice shakes
01:27 PM on 04/16/2010
In part, yes.
But it is primarily, I think, cultural.
I believe you do not have actual differing thought patterns unless you have actually different backgrounds and life experiences.
So I'd rather not have them all be Catholic, or all be from the East Coast, or all be white, or all be male, or all be Democrats, etc.
I guess I'm looking for more diversity on the court than just color or gender, though I thought that was/is important.
I'd actually prefer a bunch of brilliant apolitical centrists but that isn't gonna happen.
Thanks for caring.