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Matthis Chiroux

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The Wisdom and Power of a Leaderless Resistance

Posted: 10/31/11 06:13 PM ET

Have you ever been asked what a leader is to you? Of course you have; we're obsessed with the worship of these few. But the Occupy movement has no place for them, which the mainstream media just can't understand.

Conventional wisdom would have us believe that a movement with no leaders is just a mob or a rabble. But conventional wisdom has failed the 99%. We've watched it entrap our older loved ones into lifetimes of servitude only to have their benefits shrivel up and their retirements gambled away...

A leaderless resistance is a wise resistance and a powerful resistance for so many unconventional reasons. To understand why, one must first ask ourselves, can people be trusted to do and think as they will?

I've never been able to precisely define what a leader is to me and what qualities they possess, but I've always understood what it meant in terms of social stratification. There can only be a few leaders, and the mass of us must be followers.

This arrangement has been at play for so long, it's become common sense to us. Even when aliens show up in the movies, they know we have a leader, and they want to be taken to him! And our leader usually is a him, and he's usually white and straight.

But nested comfortably within our progressive circles, we say, "No! Our leaders can be women! And they can be black! And they can be queer!" And this slowly may come to fruition, but in our clamor for an equal-looking system, we have failed to ask if our system...of leaders and followers...can even be equal or truly democratic.

The 99% are sick of being told to get in line and "follow me," and the Occupy movement's organizational structure reflects that. It is decentralized, individually autonomous and requires no stamp of approval to act on its behalf. While there have been specialized working groups formed to perform essential tasks, they are limited in their scope and authority. Decisions that significantly affect the whole movement are collectively made during general assemblies, which one needs no credentials or even experience to participate in. Individuals don't need permission to take up positions, organize actions, start new occupations or otherwise act on their personal convictions.

While trying to promote a similar framework of organizing with others in the anti-war veterans movement, we found that many equated local and individual autonomy within a movement to a "total loss of control." We would hear, "well, what if somebody does something violent or unpopular?" Oh how I wish, even just once, we'd have heard, "what if somebody does something spontaneous and brilliant?"

The fear of being infiltrated or lead astray was so great, it seemed logical to many to centralize control, especially over our message and who should be delivering it. Being veterans, organizing things according to military hierarchy seemed natural to many but repulsive to others. Those of us who did not like the military, had no respect for the flag, saw our system as parasitic and wanted a different world felt effectively pushed to the margins.

Those of us left with some sway were in very odd positions. Being a leader in a movement I saw as plagued with too much leadership and not enough initiative on the ground, I tried simply to be an example of revolt. If anything, I hoped to use my position to assert new ideas and radical tactics. I tried to promote individual autonomy while myself pushing the bounds of acceptable dialogue to create a new cognitive space from which to organize; one not in service to a flag or a political party or a specific ideology, but exclusively to the values they all claim to monopolize.

While this approach made me stand out, ironically, as a leader, it also 'learned' me a powerful lesson: leaders are targets, and certain interests in this country know little ethical restraint when striking at them to strike at the movements and ideas behind them.

To be a leader on the left in the U.S. is to invite incredibly harsh scrutiny, and oftentimes harassment. From the state, from the populace, from the opposition and sometimes even from those you thought to be your friends. To stick one's head up in a movement now-a-days is to beg that it get beaten down. Part of this 'whack-a-mole' practice is broader human tradition. Part is a matter of intent.

Movement breakers throughout history have known to destroy a traditional movement, one must seek out the leaders and destroy them. Be it by bullet or bull-shit, if the leadership can be silenced or discredited, the movement may be disbursed.

COINTELPRO, America's most famous federal movement-breaking mafia, knew this when it operated from 1956 to 1971, subjecting mostly leftist movement leaders to public smear campaigns, harassment, violence (including sexual violence) and undue legal scrutiny. In doing so, they helped stagnate more than a few of the great movements that coalesced in America during the 1960s.

This program was exposed by citizen action, and at its worst is known to have authorized the assassinations of multiple American citizens, as well is responsible for the deaths of countless others during botched police raids conducted at the behest of the FBI. While COINTELPRO officially ended as a government program in 1971, we can readily observe that both government institutions and private conservative enterprises still continue to utilize COINTELPRO framework against many targets on the political left.

Perhaps the most effective weapon at their disposal today is the strategic use of character defamation. Through the defamation of a symbolic movement figurehead, they can defecate on an entire movement, thus rendering it impotent if the base equivocates to abandon the accused.

It is in this context that Occupy's refusal to submit to a vertical leadership structure can be seen as not just an expression of horizontal political ideology, but is in fact a move of innovative strategic brilliance. If an individually autonomous movement can be constructed, with no leaders to become targets for the opposition to latch on to, the established means of movement breaking in this country can be rendered virtually inert.

Not to say we have nothing to be on guard against, but the opposition to Occupy, both governmental and private, have been presented few individual targets to symbolically discredit. Rather, they are forced to make generalizations about the whole group, and any time one does such a thing they immediately risk sounding like a bigot!

With no leadership structure to dismantle, the message of the Occupy movement stands poised to self-perpetuate, impervious to traditional routes of attack. The greatest tradition in movement breaking of all time, wanton violence, could still be used against us, but as the establishment learned once again last Tuesday in Oakland, sometimes using violence to clear an intersection can fill it twice as fast.

What is to come of our struggles is a story yet unwritten. We cannot honestly say we will win. What we can say is it doesn't matter. Simply to struggle changes to world, and we learn from the struggle and continue to fight more effectively for the change we seek. Perhaps Occupy will not be the revolution, perhaps it will; who's to say. At very least, it's an opening number, and gives us a model to act on.

We've proven that people can organize themselves and impact the public dialogue without leaders. We've continued emboldening individuals who would traditionally have become leaders while preventing them from becoming targets for sacrificial slaughter, thus we have also better insulated the movement from attack. We've shown that you don't have to appeal to the system or articulate specific demands to affect the system. We've learned not to be subverted by electoral politics in a quest for influence, but to subvert electoral politics by offering the people something better and fundamentally more equal.

By bearing witness to a different way of sharing power amongst the people, we spark within ourselves imaginations made dull by the soar progress of society and the state. But we also spark within the 1% a fear that change is coming. If the current social order in this country continues its descent into totalitarianism, people will look to that which we've created here for guidance struggling forward into the future. If at last there is no more freedom of any kind, leaderless resistance will be the only form of resistance left to the 99%.

 
 
 
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08:48 PM on 11/02/2011
Does anyone check the background of people who post here? Matthis is NOT a Veteran of any war.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Cal3b G
UShypocrisy
04:03 PM on 11/01/2011
Leaders are not necessary and I would argue they are counter-productive to revolutionary movements of the people. Leaders have too much control over the message, strategy, often get suckered in by the system which they are protesting against, and become a target to take down the entire movement. Think of when the tea party embraced Sarah Palin as a leader... A leader gives opponents a target with which to paint as a face of the huge numbers of protesters. They also water-down the message.
Even the most famous 1963 "March on Washington" was originally to be a grassroots random rise-up from the people who were sick and tired of the oppressive practices of American life. It was to be a march of revolution. But the Civil Rights leaders took control of it, negotiated with president Kennedy and Attorney General Robert Kennedy as to where they were allowed to protest, what could be said, and what time the protesters had to be gone.
02:43 PM on 11/01/2011
I think the author makes some very good points. Particularly interesting is the strategic aspect of being "leaderless", as he says, there's no one for the opposing forces to discredit and smear. It's hard to hit a moving target. The conservative reaction to OWS has been too funny. Some have tried to write them off as "dirty hippies" while others have tried co-opting their passion, saying the protesters are conservatives who "just don't know it yet!" (That one was rich)

http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/think-tanked/post/occupy-wall-street-protesters-are-conservatives-they-just-dont-know-it-says-aei/2011/10/17/gIQABLrEsL_blog.html
01:35 PM on 11/01/2011
“But the Occupy movement has no place for them”...Well that’s good news. Fortunately the occupy movement does have a place for communists, anarchists, anti-Semites, truthers, drug addicts, thieves, sexual assaults, revolutionary posers, and violence. But no leaders got it.
03:24 PM on 11/01/2011
I'm afraid you just don't get it, my friend.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Cal3b G
UShypocrisy
03:56 PM on 11/01/2011
This sounds alot like the tea party.
04:13 PM on 11/01/2011
Uh, no. The best part is that even as you typed your response you knew that it wasn’t true. Sad.
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HUFFPOST PUNDIT
Chris1962
NYC
01:33 PM on 11/01/2011
Exactly what is this "leaderless resistance" resisting? The problem with the OWS-ers is that they didn't think anything through. They set up housekeeping in a park (!!!), and with winter coming on, no less. And all anyone knows about them these days is the constant arrests they see on TV and read about. You folks seriously need to take a page from the REAL "leaderless resistance" known as the Tea Partiers. They do their protesting without arrests, and they've seated about 90 of their candidates in offices, nationwide. And while OWS sits in their tents, throwing bottles and rocks at the cops, Tea Partiers are busily lining up more candidates to run against their own sell-out conservatives.
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Miranda Wrietz
Yes, it is a mandate.
01:22 PM on 11/01/2011
Quakers have used "consensus" to make decisions for more than a century. A movement does not need leaders, it needs morals, clear goals, and member willing to work to reach them. Movements can succeed with or without the support of the populace, but it seems that the message of OWS is eagerly embraced by a majority of Americans. Good Luck fellow Americans.
02:19 PM on 11/01/2011
...whatever that message is.
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Miranda Wrietz
Yes, it is a mandate.
02:39 PM on 11/01/2011
The message of OWS is very clear. Those that say they don't know what the message is, show that they have not done their own homework. Here is a link, easily found if you wanted to search on your own. However, I ma happy to be the informed citizen and provide the information for you. Now, please do not claim ignorance or laziness about about their message and goals.

http://occupywallst.org/forum/list-of-goals-for-occupy-wall-street/
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Opposition Research
Studying the enemies of civil liberty for 20 years
02:55 PM on 11/01/2011
it's pretty clear. try reading a few of the dozens of posts and stories on the subject.
02:46 PM on 11/01/2011
I think this model works quite well but I wonder if the Occupy Movement would consider switching from consensus to straight majority votes (or 2/3 majority) for deciding practical matters. This prevents outside spoilers from derailing the groups agenda. There was an article recently about how all of the protesters present (a few hundred) agreed on a motion except for about 15 who nixed the entire motion after the group had spent hours laboriously debating it. Consensus is important but you can't let your group be derailed by extremely small minorities, who may have extreme or impractical views, or you won't make progress. You have to do what's best for the group in those circumstances.
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DoubleYellowLines
Left of the Right, and Right of the Left
05:12 PM on 11/01/2011
Then it ends up being like a filibuster situation - if that small minority stands their ground (though anger, spite, whatever) the group can work to wear them down continually.
JEP57
To the right of Genghis Khan
12:28 PM on 11/01/2011
When people have issues with leaders, especially strong leaders, it's because they see leaders as authority figures. In their mind authority figures are always seen in a negative light or as authoritarians like someone they've had a run in with in their own lives. My guess is that the occupy movement is filled with individuals who have these issues with leaders. Their movement will go nowhere without leadership.
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ThinkingPatriot
Free your mind...and your ass will follow...
12:23 PM on 11/01/2011
This is classic, democratic, organizing based on consensus and other "hippie" paradigms that work extremely well for those not attached to the idea of being in control or following someone. The National Rainbow Gathering is a beautiful example of this, but the Forest Service just can't understand that no one is "in charge" or that the people don't need a permit to peaceably assemble, as guaranteed in the Constitution. I often think that most Republicans really prefer authoritarian control and prefer to be obedient to their leaders. Learn to think for yourself-and read Howard Zinn to get a sense of how neighborhoods, workers, everyone organized themselves in the 1930s. The Tea Party was controlled and directed by corporate lobbyists and industrialists...
garystartswithg
el sueno de la razon produce republicans
01:12 PM on 11/01/2011
lol -- tell my republican dad that his opinions are worthless, as they are not even his opinions, its generated by the fox news cycle, which borrowed it from atwater, et al. he was recently railing about foodstamp fraud, when he voted for his governor that ran his campaign on money he frauded from medicare. where is the logic and reason? there is none. its ok for brand r, but if brand d tries it look out -- wheres the birth certificate?
my dad loves saying things like "i told you to get a degree in accounting" -- i don't know why or where it comes from, i am quite fine without a degree in accounting, but he feels the need to 'tell". i i think republicans too ofthen think they are authoritian figures instead of little cogs. pumped up full of drugs provided by medicare and delusional.
02:40 PM on 11/01/2011
gary your micro-bio cracked me up!
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WI Patriot
Defending the Constitution.
02:31 PM on 11/01/2011
Funny, even the National Rainbow gathering has a great divide between rich and poor. Wonder why that is....


"Nevertheless, the poverty economics of the rainbow can make one wonder how much "all their money" was that they put into the hat to begin with: twenty dollars? Fifty dollars? There is a huge gap between the amounts contributed by poorer members of the family—who may not even live in a dollar economy and therefore have none to give—and by the more affluent members, who can afford to part with ten, twenty or more dollars a day."
http://www.asiteaboutnothing.net/pl_rainbow-culture.html


Then as what usually happens in anarchy, people die...even at the 'national Rainbow Gatherings.....

http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/theblotter/2015529253_rainbow07.html
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flaconoire
Anartist
12:16 PM on 11/01/2011
Excellent analysis. The leaderless concept is sometime difficult to accept, but it is the path we must take.
garystartswithg
el sueno de la razon produce republicans
01:22 PM on 11/01/2011
i was with act up and queer nation in the 80s,90s and many of the former leaders are now part of the dc elite that have dinner parties and golf games and think its doing something. you want to know why nothing is getting done? the leaders think having a fund raiser is the same as actually getting something done.
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flaconoire
Anartist
03:01 PM on 11/01/2011
I am from an earlier generation( 60`s) and at that time in France, but the same did happen. Apart from a couple of people, all ended up in government. I am also of the opinion that the system cannot be changed from within, otherwise a movement will be co- opted and we can see the efforts from the system right here in the US.
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Opposition Research
Studying the enemies of civil liberty for 20 years
11:58 AM on 11/01/2011
I don't think that many people truly grasp the depth to which we've been indoctrinated into a mentality of eternal servitude.

We're expected to work a lifetime, literally without breaks. If we should decide that we have enough money to take six months off and fix things up around the house or even merely take what was in the hippie days called a "sabbatical," we get penalized by a hiring mentality that assumes that there's something wrong with you if you haven't worked for six months or more.

Dare to take a rest, and the corporate hiring mindset will punish you for years thereafter, quite possibly being forced to accept a job with less pay because that's the only job that you can get.

The days of "all the responsibility falls on us, and none of it on them," is soon to come to an end.
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oneyippie
Leaning far to your left
11:41 AM on 11/01/2011
Very well put! What you are seeing is true anarchy at work. It doesn't mean chaos as most think. The Occupy movement is not chaotic. It is decentralized and leaderless. That doesn't mean it's not powerful or won't succeed.

It is true grassroots coming together, unlike the Tea Party which was totally contrived once it was seen as a threat to the status quo and co-opted by the Republican party.

Anarchy is the people taking over, letting ALL their voices be heard (which never happens in Congress or a two-party system). It's letting the people decide how to organize and govern themselves. It's a system with true equality and democracy.

Watch it and learn something! A new system is evolving. It will supplant the existing system one day.
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02:23 PM on 11/01/2011
The Green Party has always operated this way - maybe this is an opportunity for OWS to coalesce behind a legitimate and ethical political party?

I have to admit that very little actually gets done (which is a blessing compared to the endless anti-american, anti-planet "successes" of the 2 big parties), and there is a ton of bickering, but if there is a clear statement of principles around which people can gather and act, they should be able to set their egos aside and get to work. I think with practice and mutual respect, we can learn to live with and love real democracy, it will just take some deprogramming.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Carl Caroli
I just don't understand people
09:33 AM on 11/01/2011
Great observation and analysis. I agree that current leaders of the establishment, e.g., both political parties, corporate execs, media moguls do indeed feel threatened and are looking for someone or some way to discredit and bring down the movement. There does need to be some focus and agenda to accomplish something though otherwise it can unravel and lose steam. That seems to be happening by consensus, which is both brilliant and desirable since it clarifies objectives without providing targets. Keep up the good work! The majority of America supports OWS and understands it's goals. Power to the people.
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demisfine
Often correct, NEVER right.
09:07 AM on 11/01/2011
I agree completely.
Thank you.
02:46 AM on 11/01/2011
Throughout history the structured hierarchies suffered from treason, war, deficits, genocides, overthrow, etc. It's about time we use this more successful strategy of cooperative organization. In our ancient past, the masses were generally uneducated. Therefore, the more educated, seemingly advanced individuals took leadership positions.
Most of civilization is now composed of masses of highly educated people capable of leaderless cooperation. The working model of cooperative organization is apparent everywhere we look in nature. On cellular level we see colonies of cells working in networks together throughout the living organism in order for the entire organism to thrive. We've tried to prove that the brain initiates the biologic process but found that local cells have a kind of autonomy and influence the brain. The brain doesn't lead after all. This was just our egocentric way of interpreting the whole structure.
We've come too far to continue an unsuccessful misinterpretation. Our universe is composed of interactive networks. On a practical level it makes sense to have a large network of ideas to draw from in order to reach one common goal. We've seen that a relatively small group of individual egos aren't capable of leading millions and interpreting what they need. We work best in concert with one another. As we develop further, we'll find that we can overcome all the ills of our ancient hierarchical paradigm. This is an important movement and it can change our models of education, childcare, conflict resolution,housing, food distribution and much more if it matures.
03:36 PM on 11/01/2011
I'm sorry, I'm just reading that you're saying you don't think with your brain. Are you a neurologist?

I think we should first draw on these well trodden roads from the Enlightenment and examine why the Founding Fathers choose a Constitutional Representative Republic over Direct Democracy. Why did the Confederate States of America fail?

You cannot just blindly move forward justifying anything you like and so repeating the same mistakes again and again. We've been there. We've done that. Understand the history, find what's broken, and design from there. Reinventing the wheel is a waste of time and changes nothing.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
legalgirl
Just a legal girl on a mission for the truth
10:51 PM on 10/31/2011
A study of Carl Rogers, the eminent psychologist, reveals an experiment he conducted in which 300 or so people were invited to an international conference in a South American country. Many of the attendees had to travel some considerable distance to attend and it wasn't an inexpensive conference. When they arrived, they were met with an empty room without chairs. At first, there was every reaction you can imagine: anger, distress, curiosity, playfulness, etc. Some left and went home. Some began to get comfortable, sitting on the floor, in a rough circle and talking to each other about what to do next. They were all there to discuss a topic, right? Just because the "structure" they had expected hadn't materialized didn't mean they couldn't utilize their time to learn some new information from each other, which was really their purpose there anyway. And then Carl arrived--quietly, to watch, to learn and to demonstrate our largely needless attachment to "structure" and "leaders," in education, in psychology, and in the world at large. And that remembering this allows you to really listen and learn and create.