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Michael Zimmerman, Ph.D.

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Have Scientific Questions? There Are No 'Answers in Genesis'

Posted: 03/ 4/2012 10:49 am

Creationism, in all of its guises, from young earth creationism to intelligent design and beyond, is so clearly at odds with the modern scientific worldview that parodies of those who promote creationism abound. Even more than a disagreement over supposed scientific "facts," the biggest problem with all of creationism is that its proponents want to redefine science in a way that makes the subject completely meaningless.

What would be outrageously funny about this, if it weren't so incredibly sad, is that even the most extreme parodies of the creationist position, have to be taken seriously. For example, here's one such example making its way around the Web:

2012-02-27-Untitled.jpg

Funny, right? Well, given that many creationists have a completely perverted perspective on entropy and the laws of physics, this parody isn't, in fact, a parody. Because, in addition to the disgraceful war on women the Republican presidential candidates seem intent on waging, they are also attacking evolution and the very nature of public education. Education, in the universe they're currently inhabiting, should be entirely up to parents. Parents, they say, are in the best position to determine the individual needs of their children.

So, let's look at the world's leading creationist organization, Answers in Genesis (AiG) -- the folks who brought us the Creation Museum-cum-theme-park in Kentucky, and see what they have to say about entropy and the laws of physics.

Simply put, those laws dictate how energy is transferred through the environment and they explain why entropy, or the amount of disorder in a system, always increases unless energy is added to the system. Those laws explain why perpetual motion machines cannot exist, why all living things ultimately die and so much more.

Or do they?

Well, not really, not if you're Ken Ham, director of AiG, or many of his employees. Just recently in an hour long radio interview in which he criticized The Clergy Letter Project, he explained his concern with clergy members who recognize that the Earth is billions of years old.

The question is where did sin come from? Because if there was no literal fall in Genesis, why are we a sinner? And if you believe in millions of years, you've got death and bloodshed millions of years before sin. The Bible says death came as a result of sin and if you're saying you can't take that history as written, and you're taking man's ideas of evolution of millions of years outside the Bible and you're reinterpreting God's word, you're ... undermining the authority of God's word.

Thus, Ken Ham makes it clear that the science he wants to teach is that death could not have occurred before sin. To have it any other way, as he puts it, is to "undermine the authority of God's word."

Because this is such a complicated concept, Ham has created a fancy graphic that explains the technical science to his lay audiences. Here's how he explained his view, a view at odds with that of the physics community, that the laws of physics are not constant:

2012-02-27-death.jpg

That's pretty compelling evidence for overturning the laws of physics. Incorporating technical subjects into a home schooling regime thus seems fairly easy.

But, wait, even for Ham and AiG things get a bit more complicated. I'll let Ham explain how organisms feeding on other organisms can do so without death occurring:

When I make the claim that the Bible teaches there was no death before sin, I'm referring to the death and bloodshed of animals and humans. You see God created man and the animals to be vegetarian originally. There wasn't any physical death until after the fall. But if animals and man ate plants before sin, doesn't it mean there was death because plants died? Well, the Book of Genesis actually has the answer. It tells us that plants are not living in the same sense as animals are... They don't have the life principle that animals have. Plants were given for food so they don't die in the animal sense.

Got all that? Well, apparently not everyone at AiG got the message. Here's an AiG weekly news update from 2007 on the topic:
Some Christians say that even in the original creation, plants had to decay and Adam and Eve had to digest food. Therefore they say things were decaying before sin, so it wasn't a perfect world in the Garden of Eden!

It is reasonable to infer that in a perfect world, there was controlled decay, which is necessary for life. But once sin entered the world, things were no longer "perfect." Without the decay perfectly controlled, everything, including our own bodies, now runs down and decays.


Ok, so now we know that even in a perfect world decay occurs, well, "controlled decay" anyway. Why? Because AiG explains it "is necessary for life."

In fact, the folks at AiG go further and explain that some entropy is actually a good thing and thus it would have been present before sin. Here's a short extract from a piece AiG published in 2010 on the second law of thermodynamics:

We could not digest our food without the second law being in operation. The breaking down of food into simpler molecules is a consequence of this process. The molecules are broken down to release the energy that is used to maintain the body and even provide for growth.

Oh my. This confluence of physics, biology and theology is getting complex. Apparently we need to teach our students that some entropy is better than other entropy and that God rewarded us with the good stuff at the creation but punished us with other forms later because of our sinful nature. And, apparently, we are to ignore the fact that if the laws of thermodynamics didn't exist we actually wouldn't have to eat at all -- we could simply operate as perpetual motion machines. And we are to ignore the fact that if energy transfer could be 100 percent efficient, something ruled out by the laws of physics but something that should be present in the pre-sin "perfect world" envisioned by AiG, if we opted to eat, we certainly wouldn't have to eat much!

It doesn't end here. The same AiG writer who "explained" the difference between good entropy and bad entropy, provides us with another lesson on the topic. Even after sin, when death and destruction became a part of the human condition and animals began to suffer, there were periods when the laws of physics ceased to function, times when entropy no longer prevailed.

In the beginning, God sustained His creation in its perfect state. The account of the Israelites wandering in the wilderness provides a glimpse of how things might have been in the original creation. The garments of the Israelites did not wear out, nor did their feet swell for the forty years they camped in the desert (Deuteronomy 8:4). God is omnipotent and perfectly capable of sustaining and protecting His creation.

I could go on but my head hurts.

When we permit theology to define our science, we end up with gibberish, but not even consistent gibberish. Entropy is our punishment for sin, except when it isn't. Entropy is bad, except when it's good. Plants don't die when they stop living.

Please explain why we would turn over the responsibility for education to people like this, people who are beyond parody?

 
 
 

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09:15 PM on 04/07/2012
To critisize is easy, and most of the time fancy words are empty. But the real thing is when you have something to say that makes sense. Science has always come up empty when it comes to the origin of life; their answer is "somehow." And for creation their answer is, "lucky for us, we got it just right." Just right in temperature, pressure, heat, cold, gravity and etcetera, in all creation. To anyone out there, what is your theory or answer? Common sense in science is "cause and effect" and there is plenty of evidence of this in Torah, starting with Genesis and ending in Deuteronomy. Evidence of the origin of life, creation, death, conception and birth of impurity which is the cause of death.

You cannot have a death without a life, a destruction without a creation, an end without first a beginning, and an infection without a live body.
05:21 AM on 03/23/2012
The validity of science is irrefutable. I cannot believe that Americans will forget about all the good that science has done and elect someone like Rick Santorum. It is unfathomable to me that with everything that has been done to prove scientific theories again and again, people are still believing all this biblical mumbo jumbo.

How can you believe that ALL animals were 'created' to eat meat when there is evidence to the contrary with teeth and the digestive system?

Can they not see that without science, small pox, the plague etc would have swept the world of its entire population?

If people in Africa had continued to believe that AIDS is healed by the laying of hands that there wouldn't be a working age group left in that continent?

How can you dispute the very thing that proved that the world is not flat?

How can you possibly continue believing in an all powerful, all loving god when you see a small child suffering with excrutiating pain?
11:59 PM on 03/12/2012
We need to separate clean from unclean, purity and perfection from impurity and imperfection, good from evil, right from wrong, positive energy from negative energy, balance from imbalance, righteousness from injustice, and so on and on. Adam and Eve were going to live forever because they were innocent (perfect) and pure, physically and spiritually. But then they separated from physical purity when they ate the out of the forbidden fruit, and because of disobedience we all separate from GOD spiritually, so ever since then we all die. It was a physical and spiritual separation, because of physical and spiritual impurity. Impurity of the physical body comes in thru the mouth, and the impurity of the spirit and soul comes in thru the eyes, because they are “the windows to the soul”. What comes in thru the mouth can be physically impure, but if the soul is impure, then what comes out of the mouth is spiritual impurity. But nevertheless we need to achieve total purity in physical and spiritual body, if we want to live forever because we are made of both, or out of (E) electromagnetic energy, which is the spark, and out of (M) flesh. And since we are made of both, then it also requires both energies to keep the body alive, and to make it move!
07:02 AM on 04/06/2012
Ummm, yeah.... er.
08:00 AM on 03/11/2012
It appears these people do NOT know what they r talking about
07:06 PM on 03/08/2012
Michael, instead of knocking down straw men, or criticizing the science of people more interested in theology, why not address the very real objections raised by the scientists advocating Intelligent Design? These are the hard questions you seemed to avoid and more worthy of a PHD.
For example, try one of the more obvious problem of the lack of probabilistic resources the gather the mutatations necessary for even the most modest improvements of cellular machinery.....I mean,..give us something more interesting than the milk toast you just put together here.
Joe Jensen, Canada.
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07:13 PM on 03/06/2012
and then there was light
photon - massless object that has wave particle duality and until recently used as the speed limit for scientific calculations. the bottom line is that science has no more answers than religion.
our existence is based on sensory observations, therefore our existence is questionable.
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Angel1999
Microbiologist & Historian
11:07 PM on 03/06/2012
no more answers about what? Religion didn't bring you the computer you're typing on.
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dubbleplusgood
turned off CNN, turned on CurrentTV
11:22 PM on 03/06/2012
how questionable? enough for you to give me your life savings? cut off your non-existent finger perhaps? Oh wait, all of a sudden these things are real enough for you? hmmmmm....
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taijiredlion
sic itur ad astra
09:33 AM on 03/06/2012
Nothing is "beyond parody." Look at the current Republican field.
07:44 AM on 03/06/2012
Hello Mr. Zimmerman,

Yes, creationism is a farce . . . but back to the Clergy Letter Project (CLP).

As I stated in an earlier post both the Christian Letter and the UU Letter (but not the Rabbi letter) state, “We ask that science remain science and that religion remain religion, two very different, but complementary, forms of truth.”

In an effort to better understand this assertion could you, as founder of the CLP, please provide a few examples of "biblical truths" in contradistinction to "scientific truths?"

Cheers and Regards,

DF Batchelder
04:10 AM on 03/06/2012
The curse of Genesis 3 was upon Adam and Eve for their disobedience to God. Death was ushered in for man, who was in the image of God. By the time of Adam and Eve many species of animals had lived and already become extinct. And, since their, Adam's and Eve's, deaths were not immediate it is logical to conclude that a spiritual death is the more accurate understanding.

It is this same spiritual death, separation from God, which occurs in non-believers. For some, it is due to nurture and for others it is due to nature. Yet, regardless of the cause the outcome is still the same.

For many people, atheism feeds the ego and neglects the soul. And, in life or death atheism provides no answers with 100% certainty. For an atheist there will never be, in death, an "I told you so moment". Therefore, your time is at hand...eat, drink, and be merry.
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taijiredlion
sic itur ad astra
09:37 AM on 03/06/2012
My favorite form of spiritual death (ie, "separation from God") comes in the form of spiritual arrogance (ie, judging others).
01:39 AM on 03/07/2012
For atheists there is no such thing a "spiritual arrogance". There is a resentment among atheists when they feel they are being judged. To what avail is this concern? When they believe there is no God...then, there are no standards of moral or ethical conduct. It strikes a chord with some atheists because somewhere deep down inside their core beings are repressed souls struggling for identity.

Don't believe what I just wrote is true? Then, watch the posts responding to this statement. The posts will run the gamut of defense. Everything from fear-mongering to absurdity.

Sorry, I don't humble myself before man. However, before God Almighty my head will always be bowed, and the words from my mouth will only be praise.
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Maezeppa
Happy-Happy Joy-Joy
09:56 AM on 03/06/2012
So long as you realize there is no evidence to support the content of your lecture, be my guest if you want to believe that sort of thing. 

Actually, I'd think it's pretty obvious that being an atheist is a position of far greater humility than believing a supreme being is preoccupied with the state of our souls.
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LARRY LOU CHRISTIAN
01:26 AM on 03/06/2012
HAVE SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS ABOUT THE ORIGIN OF THE WORLD?? THERE ARE NO ANSWERS IN SCIENCE.....only theory.

If you expect people to believe that all of the complex and unfathomable wonders of this world and humanity did not originate by the God of Scripture, please don’t insult us by claiming it all began from some primordial slime puddle that was hit by a bolt of lightening. Hollywood surpassed that with their Frankenstein shtick!!

P.S. Where did the primordial slime and lightening come from?
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democratbob
Equality for all, including marriage.
05:36 AM on 03/06/2012
Where did God come from?
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taijiredlion
sic itur ad astra
09:38 AM on 03/06/2012
Schenectady.
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Maezeppa
Happy-Happy Joy-Joy
10:00 AM on 03/06/2012
Scientific theory is the highest and best and most reliable knowledge known to man.  Primordial 'slime' as you call it, came from catalytic reactions of chemicals.   Lightening came from electromagnetic activity in the atmosphere.

By the way, whenever science obtains the answer to one question, it leads to yet another question.  That will always be the case for as long as humans retain the trait of curiosity.
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lookbuzz
The Answer is 42...
10:29 AM on 03/06/2012
Exactly why science is the opposite of dogma.

With evidence, everything can be challenged and improved, and thus we add to our current knowledge.

Has anyone ever held a news conference to announce, through careful research, that they have discovered an Eleventh Commandment?
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03:35 PM on 03/06/2012
To your last sentences, so right on. Sometimes the analogy of the ever moving horizon is used. As you move towards it, it just continues moving so that you can never finally arrive there. The more discoveries we make in pursuit of answering questions, the more new questions arise. Discovery is likely an unending (even infinite) process.

Religion is different in that it is not an honest pursuit of discovery. It begins with final answers in mind, and then sets out to prove the answers or to spin anomalies to the dogma (usually brought to light by scientific discoveries) in ways that will comport with the dogma. To a great degree, that's what the whole pursuit of Christian Apologetics is.
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Elinor Dandrea
Truth above All
05:47 PM on 03/05/2012
I have only one question..If science could answer every question regarding our world, the what the when and the how. Only one question would be left ..for what purpose? Then you may find Gensis a good read.
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taoistpunk
because the monks wouldn't have me..
01:03 AM on 03/06/2012
what about who? wouldn't that also be another question? couldn't i also ask how much? how about where?

that's at least four questions that would be left...you're sure not very good at the question game.
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01:41 AM on 03/06/2012
There are plenty of creation myths, I'm not sure why any particular 3000 year old version is more worthy than another.
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taijiredlion
sic itur ad astra
09:35 AM on 03/06/2012
Because it's hers.
05:13 PM on 03/05/2012
Of course there are no answers to scientific questions in Genesis. The highest theological concepts that form the foundation of the Christian/Jewish/Muslim religions are on a par with the high philosophical concepts underlying the incantations of a Voodoo priest (my apologies to any Voodoo priest that may be offended by my statement).
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pakaal
Pigs, in cages, on antibiotics
02:38 PM on 03/06/2012
Apology accepted.
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methodman
04:29 PM on 03/05/2012
This is the other point; that your conversation is a questionable amenable response between what is an answer or a result. answers come from calculations that get recognized. Because of a lack of respect for representation of every stripe and from any type of book whatsoever No discussion is respected. This is a clergy problem where they need to go against each other. I'ts my job to come or not come. But the clergy need to argue within their ranks more. I am not welcome in Religion and I don't need or want it although I understand where it might fit the clergy is intent on sticking to its worn out diatribe.
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methodman
04:25 PM on 03/05/2012
Being able to contemplate this article I thought I would add to this discussion. There are two seperate conversations. One thing that frustrates me about the pastors, priests and rabbi's is that they take a commonly important topic and render it onto an incidental verse. For example contractions didn't start until childbirth which came about because Eve sinned. Concentration in natural theology has been associated with philosophy to MIND conversation. Contractions have been applied to philosophy of BODY. They have some differences in their diffusion mechanisms. See how I turned this into an interesting conversation. If I attend Bible study. At best they will say I am a thinker and the next line will scratch out any conversation I made back to their religious script. They also go out of their way not to read anything. So they forsake influence any way you cut the custard. Which is why they are on their last stand.
01:45 PM on 03/05/2012
i maintain that voting should be a priveledge, NOT a right. i offer people like this as proof. you should need to pass a basic intelligence test in order to vote. for example:

1. one plus one equals?
2. our species is called?
3. true or false - the earth is older than 10,000 years

if you can't answer these questions correctly, you are not eligible.