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Michael Zimmerman, Ph.D.

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The Renewal of Religious Environmentalism

Posted: 03/27/2011 9:19 pm

At least as far back as the publication in 1967 of the seminal but highly controversial essay, "The Historic Roots of Our Environmental Crisis," by historian Lynn White, Jr., the relationship between religion and environmentalism has been a complicated issue. White argued that Christianity "not only established a dualism of man and nature but also insisted that it is God's will that man exploit nature for his proper ends."

Many religiously affiliated individuals have taken even more extreme and far less nuanced positions. Consider, for example, the position staked out by John Shimkus, a Republican member of Congress from the 19th district in Illinois. He's made it clear that we need not be concerned about environmental problems because God promised Noah that the earth won't be destroyed again. "The earth will end only when God declares its time to be over. Man will not destroy this earth." It's well worth noting that Shimkus is not just a random member of Congress. He holds a seat on the powerful House Energy and Commerce Committee and, as frightening as it might seem, he chairs its Subcommittee on Environment and Economy.

But this is not the way it has to be. Many deeply religious individuals, from a host of religious traditions, are coming to the realization that a robust understanding of environmentalism is fully in keeping with their beliefs. Indeed, many are coming to the conclusion that their religious beliefs mandate care and concern for the environment and the species that reside in it.

This past fall I had the good fortune of being part of a small international workshop entitled "The Sanctity of Nature" sponsored by both The Fetzer Institute and The Kirbas Institute. The extremely bright men and women who participated engaged in wide-ranging discussions about this fascinating topic. One of the participants who impressed me most was the filmmaker Marty Ostrow.

Although Marty's accomplishments include a large number of notable achievements, the one most pertinent for the workshop was the fabulous film he made with Terry Kay Rockefeller. Renewal: Stories from America's Religious-Environmental Movement looks at how the imperative found in most religions for people to become responsible caretakers of the planet has actually and productively been operationalized.

In addition to focusing on the specifics of the case studies selected, Marty made it clear that the film had three larger goals. He and Terry want people to recognize that there is a vibrant religious-environmental movement, to realize that the media have largely missed the story about religious movements going green and to appreciate that this movement is being embraced by all religious traditions.

Inspired by the academic work of the Forum on Religion and Ecology at Yale University, Marty believes that the film demonstrates "the enormous potential the movement holds for environmentalism." He is convinced that broader participation by members of traditional religious groups may well enliven a "secular environmental movement that has stalled."

The film does a magnificent job of showing the ways in which religious communities have come to understand the nature of environmentalism and the steps they have taken to counteract many of the destructive practices our behaviors have engendered. Geographically, the documentary ranges from the Mississippi Delta to San Francisco and from the Chicago suburbs to rural Connecticut, while spiritually it presents Buddhist, Catholic, Evangelical, Jewish, Muslim and Native American perspectives.

The issues it covers are equally diverse. Included in the eight stories of environmental activism are steps taken to halt the devastation created by mountaintop removal in Appalachia, a search for environmental justice as a Mississippi town battles against the ravages of industrial contamination and a broad interdenominational approach to combat global warming.

The film's visuals are absolutely stunning and are coupled with passionate testimony from people desperately wanting to make a difference. The choices made by the directors enhance the emotional impact enormously. The shock is palpable when a mother from a small Appalachian community tells participants in an interfaith tour of mountaintop removal, "We have well water that is contaminated. It has high levels of arsenic in it. My child bathes in this water and tries to drink the bubbles in the water. She doesn't understand this is going to hurt her, she is just 3 years old." But when those same participants are seen sharing that incident with Berea College students, the effect is magnified many-fold and the message that something has to be done to combat this evil is spread further.

As Marty Ostrow said to me, "We are one among many living species. Once the connection is made with the whole web of creation, it is long-lasting. My soul is deeply connected to something larger, something divine, something spiritual. I hope Renewal will act like a mirror that lets people see their own goodness and that many others are also standing there alongside them, in their efforts to go green."

Marty believes that Renewal can help "build the movement for a more sustainable future. When work on Renewal began, there was little sense of community or shared effort. The film is helping people see they are part of something greater than the immediate eco-protection work they're doing. The film helps them recognize they're part of a moral and spiritual movement to save the earth and discover a new relationship with the planet."

While religion is certainly not necessary for the development of a successful environmental ethic, as Renewal so strikingly shows, it can enhance and deepen the movement's effects for some, with corresponding benefit for all.

 
 
 

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At least as far back as the publication in 1967 of the seminal but highly controversial essay, "The Historic Roots of Our Environmental Crisis," by historian Lynn White, Jr., the relationship between ...
At least as far back as the publication in 1967 of the seminal but highly controversial essay, "The Historic Roots of Our Environmental Crisis," by historian Lynn White, Jr., the relationship between ...
 
 
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serz4u
GOP: Because, hey, survival of the fittest! ™
01:15 AM on 04/04/2011
I hope the writer is correct. What I see so far is a religious way of thinking making people more accepting of fictive/wishful thinking and LESS willing to deal with real, and enormous, current and future problems. Even if mainstream religious thinking turns on the subject of the environment, and we manage to avoid civilizational collapse, there will be other challenges that require clear thinking, More than ever, it seems to me, the human race cannot afford non-reality-based actions and decisions.
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ninetailedfox
banning people.....so childish
03:45 AM on 04/01/2011
Ill be honest with you, reguardless of whatever BS any article pumps out, Christians in general are more concerned with the return of Christ (See Harold Camping) than in fixing the environment. Not to mention, many animals have already gone extinct, and continue to do so.

What really irritates me is im a non Christian, A Pagan, that cares about nature, but realizes there isnt a thing I can do about it until people stop driving cars, and of course stop "being fruitful and multiplying"
04:10 PM on 04/01/2011
9tail, you are using electricity to make this post. Probably derived from burning coal. I know you are not a Christian, but I think you are familiar enough with our Bible to know the bit about the mote in one person's eye and the beam in the other's.
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Mark Morlock
Justice is blind I think God is too.
04:50 PM on 04/01/2011
I'm not going to stop driving a car but I can promise that the next car I get is going to be entirely electric and clean.
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cayuse
Soaring Eagle, soaring to Spirit from the ego self
08:43 PM on 03/31/2011
Off the wall. As bad a rap as I give Church. They always taught to protect the beauty of GOD. Insects, plants, earth, fire and water.

As a Christian Yogi all my teaching have taught to respect Mother Nature or Devine Mother, the earth.

This secular scream to pretend they are reinventing the world of justice is simply a joke.
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Tulka2
Solidarity. Courage. Humor.
09:24 PM on 03/31/2011
I have read the Red Letter Bible.  It's clear from that experience the man Jesus thought his Father was coming the day after tomorrow and he was a simple mystic. I have no problem with Jesus except he was wrong on his main subject that it was pointless to care about the things of the world because the world was going to end.  The fact of his existence has been exploited for two-thousand years, and, as i said in the comment you replied to, the Christian message has been, for two-thousand years,  that this world is nothing compared to the eternal life to come.  If Christians want to send another message about the planet now, it would be a change....a welcome change.
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cayuse
Soaring Eagle, soaring to Spirit from the ego self
09:52 AM on 04/01/2011
You obviously need a reading comprehension course.

But anyone can learn to read. Your survey course missed the DEED and GRACE taught in the Gospels. It is each persons behavior that was taught.

None of this crap of the Old Testament and blaiming Christ for Man's folly of not behaving correctly.


By the way Jesus was the human body of Christ. Christ was the Spirit of GOD in the body of Jesus.
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b525
04:10 PM on 03/29/2011
Here's an exerpt from the book of Revelation in the bible concerning events on earth before Christ returns and the fate of those who destroy the earth. Read below:

16 "And the four and twenty elders, which sat before God on their seats, fell upon their faces, and worshipped God,

17
Saying, We give thee thanks, O LORD God Almighty, which art, and wast, and art to come; because thou hast taken to thee thy great power, and hast reigned.

18 And the nations were angry, and thy wrath is come, and the time of the dead, that they should be judged, and that thou shouldest give reward unto thy servants the prophets, and to the saints, and them that fear thy name, small and great; AND SHOULD DESTROY THEM WHICH DESTROY THE EARTH..

19 And the temple of God was opened in heaven, and there was seen in his temple the ark of his testament: and there were lightnings, and voices, and thunderings, and an earthquake, and great hail".
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cayuse
Soaring Eagle, soaring to Spirit from the ego self
09:03 PM on 03/31/2011
Study, Learn that is called Learned

Yogananda said, "In titling this work The Second Coming of Christ, I am not referring to a literal return of Jesus to earth. He came two thousand years ago and, after imparting a universal path to God's kingdom, was crucified and resurrected; his reappearance to the masses now is not necessary for the fulfillment of his teachings. What is necessary is for the cosmic wisdom and divine perception of Jesus to speak again through each one's own experience and understanding of the infinite Christ Consciousness that was incarnate in Jesus. That will be his true Second Coming.

Romans 8:
11 But if the Spirit of him that raised up Jesus from the dead dwell in you, he that raised up Christ from the dead shall also quicken your mortal bodies by his Spirit that dwelleth in you (Holy Ghost)..
14 For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, they are the sons of God (Christ).”
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Ozark Homesteader
http://ozarkhomesteader.wordpress.com
02:51 PM on 03/28/2011
I'm disappointed that any discussion of religious institutions and the environment would leave out the United Churches of Christ (yes, President Obama's denomination) and its almost quarter-century long struggle on behalf of environmental justice: http://www.ucc.org/environmental-ministries/ For more about the fight in the 1980s, read here: http://www.ucc.org/environmental-ministries/environmental-racism.html See the twentieth anniversary report here: http://www.ucc.org/assets/pdfs/toxic20.pdf The UCC and its partner communities tried to turn NIMBY into Not in Anyone's Back Yard.

The UCC first introduced me to environmental justice, and it has continued to shape my stewardship of the land: http://ozarkhomesteader.wordpress.com/
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cayuse
Soaring Eagle, soaring to Spirit from the ego self
08:44 PM on 03/31/2011
Of all the things the church has done they have always taught the respect of nature.

Seculars are trying to pretend they are redefining a new religion. Truth obvously is not part of that
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Ozark Homesteader
http://ozarkhomesteader.wordpress.com
11:46 PM on 04/17/2011
I think it's important to remember that those who define themselves as "Christians" come with a diversity of beliefs, right or wrong. That has included denominations like the UCC that got involved in social justice (at the heart of Jesus's preaching) when other churches were debating how to repress gay people more.
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Martin Eldred
Alaskan runner, singer, pastor.
12:10 AM on 04/01/2011
Absolutely right. Many of us in other denominations (I am an ELCA Lutheran) has playing catch up up the example set by our sisters and brothers in fellowships such as the U.C.C., Quakers, and the Mennonites (and others I forget, I sure). Thank you.
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Ozark Homesteader
http://ozarkhomesteader.wordpress.com
11:44 PM on 04/17/2011
You're most welcome. I'm glad that so many congregations are getting involved now. A few months ago a scholar likened the catastrophes associated with climate change to the immorality of slavery (with petroleum replacing the institution of slavery). I think he may have gone a bit far, but his ideas are worth considering.
12:27 PM on 03/28/2011
Thank you for an interesting article. In one way Lynn White was right: Christians became shallow when it came to our relationship with God, each other, and creation. Fortunately today many Christians are renewing their faith in a deeper way, recovering relatedness and community, and renewing a unity with God that ultimately transforms all of creation. If folks are interested in the teachings of the Catholic Church on ecology and the environment, the website of the Blessed Kateri Tekakwitha Conservation Center features an extensive collection, including many writings by Pope John Paul II, Benedict XVI, and Sister Marjorie Keenan. http://conservation.catholic.org
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cayuse
Soaring Eagle, soaring to Spirit from the ego self
08:45 PM on 03/31/2011
Those are not Christian, they are Community Organizers and are Anti-Religion. Christ taught each person not a group or church and certainly not a bunch of seculars holding hand singing KUMBYA
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Klarsonent
Semi-retired landlady, small business entrepreneur
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cayuse
Soaring Eagle, soaring to Spirit from the ego self
08:47 PM on 03/31/2011
Multiply and subdue the earth is a Man made disaster.
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Tulka2
Solidarity. Courage. Humor.
12:07 PM on 03/28/2011
The Jewish Tradition holds that the Earth and all its flora and fauna were created for Man to do with as he will.   The Christian tradition has taught for the last two-thousand years that this precious life is a slum apartment and that the next life is the only thing that really counts.  The Muslim tradition's finest teachers have lived in a desert for most of that religions existence.  

The only thing that gives me hope is that they all of them pick and choose what to emphasis.  They all of them choose what to ignore.  That is the only hope for the planet.
06:02 PM on 03/28/2011
"Everything that lives and breathes is sacred and beautiful in the eyes of God. The whole world is a sacrament. The entire created cosmos is a burning bush of God’s uncreated energies. And humankind stands as a priest before the altar of creation, as microcosm and mediator." ~ Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople (aka The environmental Patriarch)

I only know how to responded to your distorted view with truth.
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Tulka2
Solidarity. Courage. Humor.
06:20 PM on 03/28/2011
That is a wonderful, hopeful quote.  As i said in the second paragraph our hope is what they choose to emphasis and ignore.  I like St. Francis too, btw.
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MJinCanada
Safe from zombies until my 2nd cup of coffee
09:12 PM on 03/28/2011
That is a beautiful and excellent quote.

Unfortunately, Augustine of Hippo's view that this world doesn't matter seems to carry more weight with a lot of people.

It's tragic that a lot of really good, sensible Christian wisdom gets overridden by someone else's fanaticism. Pope Stephen I declared that torture was inappropriate because it forces confessions out of innocent people. Other popes pointed out that believing in witchcraft was believing in ridiculous and unChristian superstition.
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ninetailedfox
banning people.....so childish
11:34 AM on 03/28/2011
My sister and I agree, Christians pretending to care about the environment is just an act. If they truly cared, why then do most christians focus on Jesus' return? this is just another ploy to get converts back in the sheep pen. Sorry, not going back, too smart for sheep.
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RAmen69
Someone is WRONG on the internet!
11:12 AM on 03/28/2011
If the bible beaters want to claim that they care about the environment, why do they elect people who clearly do not?

http://www.minnpost.com/donshelby/2011/02/15/25784/picking_science_that_fits_politics_rep_mike_beard_on_climate_change
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doodlebug2
Moe. Larry the cheese
11:46 AM on 03/28/2011
that is my question, and vote for people that despise it so.
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Shanard
03:29 PM on 03/28/2011
There are approximately two billion Christians globally. When you say "they" you have to be careful about the disparate views you are lumping together.
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AdamWest1313
Hardcore Agnostic
12:09 AM on 03/31/2011
He is referring (I believe) to American Christians (yes, that is a mix of denominations).
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Martin Eldred
Alaskan runner, singer, pastor.
12:13 AM on 04/01/2011
Thank you, Shanard. Too many blanket generalizations being thrown about.
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AZreb
equal-opportunity Independent heathen
11:02 AM on 03/28/2011
"To become one with our Creator and our Mother the Earth, we first must become one with ourselves" - Rain Bear.

Seems like a pretty good way to deal with it.
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cayuse
Soaring Eagle, soaring to Spirit from the ego self
08:51 PM on 03/31/2011
You got it all.
10:57 AM on 03/28/2011
Welcome to the 21 Century Christianity! You have a lot of catching up to do.
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bridgeman
Jesus was a Jazz fan
10:26 AM on 03/28/2011
I went to a church that embraced "earth day" 20 years ago.
They provided 70% of the volunteers.

I've read about the anti environmental christian...i have yet to meet one.
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RAmen69
Someone is WRONG on the internet!
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bridgeman
Jesus was a Jazz fan
01:10 PM on 03/28/2011
There are many global warming proponents on the dem side of the aisle that are Christians also.
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doodlebug2
Moe. Larry the cheese
11:47 AM on 03/28/2011
Bachman, Paul (A and B), rush. beck, koch,
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Ozark Homesteader
http://ozarkhomesteader.wordpress.com
02:52 PM on 03/28/2011
Isn't Bachmann Jewish?
08:44 AM on 03/28/2011
The problem for secularists arises when a teacher in an Italian public school classroom points up at that crucifix and turns it into a religious symbol eliminating its status as a passive cultural object. You can be assured that it will happen. The court was wrong to take a theoretical position that the crucifix can be a dormant object, drained of its historical power in the life of people; who could guarantee that? The default position for the court should have been to recognize that the crucifix is foremost a religious symbol and its purpose in an institution would be to brand that institution as an extension of the religion and anybody sitting under it should know that.
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ninetailedfox
banning people.....so childish
07:40 AM on 03/28/2011
Im a Pagan, I care about the environment, but I know that it will take a worldwide effort to fix what has been damaged. I also know that many chistians believe in the ENd Times, and therefore dont care about this planet.

To take care of the planet, you have to stop driving cars, stop using factories and stop over populating the earth. On top of that, people should care about the animals because without the animals people will die of lonliness and starvation. But I find some poeple's ideas of what to do laughable, because lets be honest, Christians dont care about anything except Jesus return.
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AZreb
equal-opportunity Independent heathen
11:04 AM on 03/28/2011
As an equal opportunity heathen, I believe that Nature is the only reality.
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whirlpool
founder walnut tree congregation
01:45 PM on 03/28/2011
I have pagan tendencies as well and agree with much of what you say. But your statement that Christians don't care about anything except Jesus return is an overgeneralization, is not true and is dishonest. I have worked with several churches that have provided most of the manpower for several restoration projects and that are consistently active in environmental issues. Many Christians don't even believe in the dogma of a Jesus return but rather think the spirit of Jesus is already here but widely ignored or not perceived.
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NadineColbert
Fox News is unadulterated fiction
02:08 PM on 03/28/2011
whirlpool,
There is some hope for christians but they do generally look down on people of other faiths as well as on athiests. They should treat all people as equals.