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Mohamed A. El-Erian

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Central Banks Can't Inflate Market Prices Forever

Posted: 10/12/2012 10:40 am

Some argue that the recent lackluster performance of global stocks is evidence that markets are tenuously positioned on an air pocket.

We would put it differently. While markets have deviated quite a bit from economic fundamentals, this is due to central bank activism.

Over the last few months, central bankers have re-inflated the wedge that separates weak fundamentals from high market prices.

Whether it is the Fed's open-ended QE3 and extended forward interest rate guidance, or the European Central Bank's unlimited securities purchase program, robust asset markets are an integral part of policy attempts to counter tail risks and deliver economic growth and jobs.

By artificially inflating asset prices above levels justified by sluggish fundamentals, these two central banks hope to calm market concerns, ignite animal spirits and trigger the wealth effect. And their actions are contagious.

Whether they like it or not -- and many don't -- other central banks continue to be pulled into more accommodating monetary policy. Witness this week's round of interest rate cuts in Brazil and Korea as an example.

These cuts did not happen because they constitute a first best policy. Rather, they seek to counter the collateral damage emanating from the unconventional policies pursued by Western central banks.

That central banks are essentially "all in" is, in the short term, good news for all types of markets -- especially when compared to the air pocket hypothesis. Yet, as I detailed in Thursday's Financial Times, investors should not get too carried away.

There is a limit to how far and how long prices can deviate from fundamentals. This is particularly the case when central banks, acting without the support of other government entities, do not have sufficiently-refined tools to secure good and sustainable economic outcomes.

As argued in Thursday's column, investors' romance with the "central bank put" should not be unconditional or everlasting. Moreover, it needs to be accompanied by significant portfolio differentiation, responsive management of overall risk exposures, and positioning that also reflects more durable global themes.

Central banks should be respected. And they can certainly counter air pockets, but not forever.

Either fundamentals will improve or asset prices will fall. Which outcome we eventually see depends in large part on whether other government entities finally step up to their policy responsibilities.


Mohamed El-Erian is the CEO and Co-CIO of PIMCO, which oversees nearly $1.8 trillion in assets and runs the Pimco Total Return Fund, the largest bond fund in the world. His book, "When Markets Collide," was a New York Times and Wall Street Journal bestseller, won the Financial Times/Goldman Sachs 2008 Business Book of the Year and was named a book of the year by The Economist and one of the best business books of all time by the Independent (UK).

© 2012 CNBC.com

 
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Some argue that the recent lackluster performance of global stocks is evidence that markets are tenuously positioned on an air pocket. We would put it differently. While markets have deviated quite a...
Some argue that the recent lackluster performance of global stocks is evidence that markets are tenuously positioned on an air pocket. We would put it differently. While markets have deviated quite a...
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
niumarmion
a temporary being
08:20 AM on 10/16/2012
The Fed "manages" the economy by inflating the money supply after a bubble bursts. The real estate bubble burst in 2008. It was the largest bubble in history. Each successive bursting of a bubble requires an even bigger bubble to "save" the system. The Fed has been creating the bond bubble since the real estate crash. What happens after the bond bubble bursts?
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
free reign
My country tis of thee!
08:27 AM on 10/15/2012
About time Dr. El-Erian. If you are fired by your investors, those benefitting hugely from such treasonous racketeering, I'm sure your retirement will provide enough cushion against a commodity profiteer feeding frenzy. Even one resulting from a booty haul, and dump into oil as seen in the mtg to oil scheme of 2008. Untaxed equity hauls.
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josefz
In memory of Josef Zawinul
10:48 PM on 10/14/2012
Markets will fall only after they've lured enough small investors in for the Nth time, at which time they cash in on their shorts.
07:54 AM on 10/15/2012
This is why small investors get it in the shorts.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
ScreenName05
10:34 PM on 10/14/2012
Mohamed is right about one thing - prices are inflated for assets, and especially for commodities.  But he is missing the point.  Prices for assets are a reflection of demand - unless there are other factors.  And the other factor that effects commodities at their source is speculation.  And speculation is driven entirely by cheap money.  The longer the fed and other central banks keep issuing money at virtually zero interest rate, there will be rampant speculation driving up commodity prices in a higher and higher bubble.  It will burst, as all bubbles burst. 

We have entered a cycle of boom and bust based on speculation and low credit.  It is exactly what it was like prior to the banking and market regulations prior to the New Deal.  We are returning to those glory days of big bubbles and dramatic bursts, and until we come to our senses and re-regulate both the banks and the markets, and we raise capital gains taxes to a reasonable 50% or more, and short term capital gains to at least 90% - we will be in this cycle of boom an bust.  The banking and market regulations  created an environment where inventory  cycles were the primary reasons for market rises and dips, but those gentle days are gone. 

Get ready for your new lives, where the the next speculative bubble and bust is just around the corner.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
free reign
My country tis of thee!
08:48 AM on 10/15/2012
Billionaires are playing oil and food quite cautiously. They pray for war and drought to cloak their profiteering, because broad market speculation without treasonous central bank infusions is impossible, at this fraud driven, extremely elevated, precarious level.
T-Haight
What was wrong with federalism?
10:28 PM on 10/14/2012
To translate this to English: The US Fed is monetizing the US deficit (with the EU central bank pathetically attempting the same), and forcing other dollar-denominated nations to follow suit to avoid massive currency fluctuations.

It's a travesty that Bernanke et al. believe that easy money will solve everything. How did that work out for Greenspan at the end of the decade starting in 2000? Not so well? Perhaps the central banks should stop their nonsensical pursuit of employment and focus on the value of their currency; I mean, that's what Volcker did, and heaven forbid we repeat that.
10:04 PM on 10/14/2012
"Whether it is the Fed's open-ended QE3 and extended forward interest rate guidance, or the European Central Bank's unlimited securities purchase program, robust asset markets are an integral part of policy attempts to counter tail risks and deliver economic growth and jobs."

You see, here it is, people--this is what they do. They hide behind jargon and they don't tell you what they're doing. You're supposed to think "well, I'm just not as smart as these smart people, so I have to trust them."

What the Fed and the European Central Banks are doing is printing money and giving it to rich people. They're giving it to rich people by buying junk from the rich people at inflated prices. The design is to make sure the rich people get richer. The way they fake you is they say "well, the rich people get richer and stay richer and that'll create jobs. But if the rich people take a tumble, then the whole thing comes down."

But what the rich people are really doing is using stagnant wage growth and high unemployment as tools to keep inflation down while they gorge themselves on giant bales of liquid cash fronted to them for free by corrupt Central Banks. Under this formula, they win big, and you lose big.

And they get guys like the author of this article to use a lot of fancy-schmancy jargon to keep you confused, docile and compliant.
tnjim45
Central Banks are the Enemy
09:05 PM on 10/14/2012
Central banks should not be respected, they should be eliminated. Why should we allow private banks to oversee and issue our currency? All of this with no audit no oversight...we need another Andrew Jackson today.
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CONNECTS
Thinking for yourself takes more.
08:30 PM on 10/14/2012
" At the same time policy measures and coordination mechanics increasingly lacked relevance and effectiveness." said Mr. Mohamed El-Erian in his book, "When Markets Collide". Interesting read.
07:59 PM on 10/14/2012
What good does the inflation do the people. My grocery store raised greek yogurt .25. It looks like most are not buying it, suppose lots will go bad. They used to run out of blueberry when it was $1.00. Now plenty to be had.
I guess when people dont purchase food items, they go to food pantries so the inflation benefits the banks who sponsor the pantries.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
free reign
My country tis of thee!
08:44 AM on 10/15/2012
Inflation, was voted as what Germans feared most. The racketeering and starvation that mobilized angry citizens to horrors against fellow citizens, instead of the tyrant bankers, will never again be permitted by Germans. They watch Merkel with the highest scrutiny. Germans are not interested in endorsing anymore inflation to debt racketeering. Americans are deluded to believe that the Fed floats, heaving debt on our backs, will prevent a crash.The treasonous tax code and deregulation streams the Fed infusions, no strings attached into HIGHER inflation, and HIGHER home prices while obliterated wages and revenues create more debt, LEAVING our earned equity open to inflation driven streams to racketeers. Intl racketeer's perfect treasonous extortion is enabled by using retiree/small investors as hostage-footsoldiers.
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mactheknight
Honor is not found in service to lies and greed.
07:35 PM on 10/14/2012
really this is what you write about

I don't believe any of you have a clue about anything.

From what I've seen as a 0% you all go merrily along complicating things and then hire more of your friends to try and unfunk what it is you have done

Then more friends are hired to try and explain it all away as being too compllcated for anyone or anything to control it

that you affect so many people that starve, live in war zones, and lose everything doesn't mean a thing

you're all part of the problem, keep it simple, keep it concise, and regulate the perverts that funk everyone in the process
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Blackdogsailing
Rootstrikers
07:01 PM on 10/14/2012
"Central banks should be respected."

I suppose so, but they should never be trusted.
tonelord
My bio isn't acceptable.
06:58 PM on 10/14/2012
And I should care why?
I have a 401k, but I don't really have a choice about that as a retirement vehicle. It's what there is. I certainly have no control over what the markets do. The markets are all manipulated for the benefit of the big investors, the investment firms, etc, anyway. Little me is not even on their radar. I do not exist.
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09:01 PM on 10/14/2012
You do exist. They like to charge high prices to manage the 401k plans.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
free reign
My country tis of thee!
08:51 AM on 10/15/2012
You are an important Stockholm Syndrome suffering hostage. Without ytou there is no possibilty to plant another agent of treason in office.THUS, crash{BILLIONAIRE DUMPING} preventing FED infusions exacerbate the dangerous effects ofinflation driven debt.
06:11 PM on 10/14/2012
Are they teaching MMT in business schools anymore?

http://youtu.be/_kLTcDtk8FM
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
silverspirit2011
05:34 PM on 10/14/2012
To really understand what the financial market has done, you need to examine how dividend yields have drastically changed over the last 50 years. In 1962, the average dividend yield (which is the ratio of dividend to share price), was 3.8%. Today, it is barely above 2%. Which means the value of the shares today compared to then, shares are 1.9 times more expensive.

And that is comparing a high tax on companies in 1962, compared to the low tax regime now! Which puts the multiplier on share prices even higher.

Put simply, the biggest share bubble has occurred since the Eighties, where dividend yields starting declining sharply. The decade of Wall Street and the London Stock Exchange. It is safe to say, without the market manipulation, shares would probably be a third of the price, and private pensions well funded. The speculation bubble all depends on the every growing share price, NOT dividends. But without dividends, how can you judge the correct stock price? The false idea now is share prices are a function of turnover (at a rough valuation of companies of 10 times their turnover). NOT PROFITABILITY.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Blackdogsailing
Rootstrikers
07:17 PM on 10/14/2012
Just like we eventually bought into the idea that house prices would rise forever, we have swallowed the ridiculous notion that stock prices will also keep rising.

The trading value of stocks has grown lockstep with the consumption of fossil fuels. Now that the cheaply extracted fossil fuels are gone, more capital is required to keep up the production of just about everything. Human capital is paying the price right now. Wages are down, offsetting the higher cost of energy. This is killing the demand side. An accelerating race to the bottom ensues.

The Fed continues to create wealth out of thin air, by so-called quantitative easing. Most people don't recognize the wealth is just that. The question is when is that big fart coming?
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CMontalvo
stranger in a strange land
08:25 PM on 10/14/2012
What nonsense! Companies issue dividends when they lack either investment opportunities or balance sheet objectives to utilize all of their net operating profit. Over time, the percentage of companies which regularly issue dividends has varied substantially, with companies in aging industries tending to be more likely to issue them and those in rapidly growing industries (e.g., high tech) rarely issuing them.

Investors make money on stocks in two different ways: dividends and/or growth in the share price. Companies that issue NO dividends retain their earnings, causing their share price to rise (all things being equal). And typically, the capital gain growth prospects for companies which don't offer dividends is higher due to the higher prospects for earnings growth from to the company's more prevalent investment opportunities.

Drawing any conclusion about the costliness of common stock based on changes in dividend yield is ludicrous! Back to Biz 101, dude...
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
silverspirit2011
03:40 AM on 10/15/2012
Think what you are saying. The idea of making money in shares, is just to see the share price increase? Because then the profits the company makes is then irrelevant - as long as a company can get investment capital.

Seriously, you cannot see the flaw in that whole idea?
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
ConcernedxCitizen
05:32 PM on 10/14/2012
"Centralization of credit in the hands of the State, by means of a national bank with State capital and an exclusive monopoly"

- Plank 5 of the Communist Manifesto, 1848
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09:03 PM on 10/14/2012
That plank is very similar to the piece of wood stuck up your backside, isn't it?
10:13 PM on 10/14/2012
Exactly. We are the victims of liberal economics run amok. This has nothing to do with social liberal policy, by the way. Economically, George W Bush was an EXTREME liberal. His Fed embarked on the most crazed economic muck-raking in history. He ran gigantic deficits, pushed interest rates to historic low after historic low, cut taxes as a so-called "economic stimulus", printed money and threw it around like confetti, blew the housing market through the roof, and sent the dollar straight into the toilet. And Obama would be just as bad if Bush had left him anywhere to go.

Bush's Fed did EXACTLY what economic liberals like Krugman told it to do. EXACTLY. No wonder the implosion of the housing bubble took Krugman by completely surprise.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
free reign
My country tis of thee!
09:10 AM on 10/15/2012
You are so right. When did gangster level racketeering, profiteering, loansharking, usurpation of property through bought treason, all become "conservative?"