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Mohamed el-Erian

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America Will Avoid Default But There's A Lot More to Do

Posted: 07/31/11 01:35 PM ET

Politicians have been busy this weekend negotiating a deal that would lift the debt ceiling and avoid the government having to prioritize its immediate payments and thus risk a debt default. This comes after a week in which macro policy uncertainties stood in stark contrast to solid corporate earnings, leading to losses of some 4 percent in all the major stock market averages.

As I write this on Sunday morning, indications out of Washington point to a "framework" that, once reflected in legislation passed by Congress and signed by the president, would allow the debt ceiling to be raised. It appears to include four key elements: enough of an increase ($2.4 trillion) in the debt ceiling to get the country beyond the 2012 elections; a first round of spending cuts ($1 trillion), though details are lacking; a second round of deficit reduction based on the work of a special congressional commission; and, failing this, a mechanism that would enforce additional spending cuts of over $1 trillion.

This compromise framework is likely to evolve into a political deal -- not because it is perfect (it is far from that) nor because critics will be silenced (they won't, as some Democrats lament the absence of tax measures and some Republicans regret the lack of entitlement reform). Rather, it is a compromise that enables everyone in this debt debacle to declare partial victory.

It is high time to remove the specter of a debt default by the most powerful economy in the world. But for the positive impact to be both significant and durable, the compromise must be assessed not as an end in itself but as a sustainable means to the more genuine end.

This end is defined in terms of robust economic growth, lower unemployment, less income and wealth inequality, and the restoration of household, corporate and international confidence in America's economic governance process. Three issues stand in the way:

First, it is not clear whether the evolving compromise is enough to satisfy the rating agencies, and S&P in particular. Indeed, if S&P were to stick to what it said on July 14 when it placed America's AAA rating on a negative watch, and it is far from certain that it will do so given recent developments, the possibility of a downgrade cannot be eliminated as yet.

Second, the compromise is not enough to offset the considerable economic damage already inflicted by the debt debacle, let alone restore confidence that the political system is able to respond to the serious structural challenges undermining growth and jobs (including malfunctioning labor, housing and banking markets). This is an acute concern given Friday's horrible GDP data.

Third, the open-ended component of the compromise does little to counter worries outside America. Foreigners have been watching Washington's dysfunctionality with a mix of bewilderment and concern. After all, they depend on America as the major provider of the global public goods that they use and pay for -- from the dollar as the reserve currency to this country's financial markets as the best place to outsource the intermediation of their hard-earned savings.

Politicians are taking an important step this weekend to remove the threat of a debt default and to focus more credibly on problems facing the economy. We should thank them for that. But we should also remind them that their work is far from done.

Rather than declare victory, Washington should waste no time in redoubling efforts to remove the multiple policy uncertainties and structural impediments that stand in the way of restoring America on the path of high growth and plentiful job creation. Anything short of that will imply further economic and social deterioration, and a greater erosion of America's global standing.

This article contains the current opinions of the author but not necessarily those of PIMCO. Such opinions are subject to change without notice. This article has been distributed for educational purposes only and should not be considered as investment advice or a recommendation of any particular security, strategy or investment product. Information contained herein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but not guaranteed. No part of this article may be reproduced in any form, or referred to in any other publication, without express written permission.

 
 
 
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01:35 PM on 08/01/2011
We never learn from history. In 1936 FDR bowed to political pressure and aimed to balance the budget. 1937 was the worst year of the Great Depression.
12:48 PM on 08/01/2011
This is more Republican fantasy. The debt debacle had no noticable effect on the economy. The economy was in the tank three years ago. To say that it did is not being truthful. This is a consumer driven economy and until corporate America decides to pay free Americans to manufacture things instead of communist oppressed Chinese then this country will continue to spiral downward.
11:55 AM on 08/01/2011
Keep up the writing, Mr. el-Erian.

This should only be the beginning. We need total tax r3eform. What to you think of the Gang of Six proposal when it comes to tax reform?

Thanks again!
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cornel
wuf wuf
10:46 AM on 08/01/2011
While everybody is talking about defaulting. The Chinese Rating Agency Dagong has downgraded the US "Dagong has downgraded the local and foreign currency long term sovereign credit rating of the United States of America (hereinafter referred to as “United States” ) from “AA” to “A+“, which reflects its deteriorating debt repayment capability and drastic decline of the government’s intention of debt repayment..."
Now you are going to ask me, how does that affect us ? Many Asian & Russian investors take Dagong rating into consideration when investing in manufacturing. Do not have the space here to explain why. But a downgrade from Dagong has for consequence, less investment in manufacturing (we have seen a steady decline in manufacturing investment in the US from foreign companies), I guess that with this downgrade, many automobile manufacturers that have planned to open new factories in the US will put their project on hold (this is just an example that everybody can easily verify).
Check out the ratings for 50 countries -> http://www.dagongcredit.com/dagongweb/uf/20110711%20Review%20summary%20-En_f.pdf
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sf1000000
Screw being nice its highly overrated
09:51 AM on 08/01/2011
As long as the business community sits back, and is only concernd about WHAT is BEST for Wall Stre. The problem will continue. Face the fact, how much money is sitting in accounts off shore that American Companies want to bring back? They are asking for "special consideration or HELP because of the Capital gains taxes" well the last time the goverment said OK on the promise that these same companies woud invest that money in jobs, and so forth, These companies promised only to then pay dividens and rases and NOT spend a dime where they Promised to. Wall Stre needs to wake up because they crashed the system and are still making money and ready to go back to business as usual. Fool us once shame on you fool me twice is NOT going to happen.
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Josh Steinhauer
Ex-Patriot, Europe
07:32 AM on 08/01/2011
The way to solve the debt problem is not through raising taxes, that is only a small part of the problem. The problem is the lack of jobs, we have 1 in 5 working age males unemployed in this country with a 9.2% unemployment rate. Putting these Americans back to work will increase the amount of taxes coming into the treasury and that will enable us to work on reducing the debt.

However we need to take it a step further, if a family is making more than it is spending then it will at some point go bankrupt. So that family needs to do some spending cuts, like maybe get rid of cable TV, not going out to eat as often or skip taking a vacation that year. The family needs to do what it can to bring itself back into the black. That is what our country needs to do, we need to make cuts in spending and bring ourselves back into the black. We can’t keep spending more than we make and importing more than we are exporting. It’s simple economics, if the government had to run its affairs like an American family does, then we would all be better off.
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Soylent Green is coming
12:58 PM on 08/01/2011
Your simplistic view is staggering. You really think a household budget and a government budget is the same thing.
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Donald Fannin
05:28 AM on 08/01/2011
To hell with the rating agencies, their poor performance is what got us in to this. Telling everyone that junk was AAA. There is one thing and one thing only that will save the economy. Jobs. There is not one job created by this plan. There will be jobs lost when all these cuts go into effect. Sink this plan. Default. At least we will all be going down on the same ship.
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time1910
time is on my side
05:16 AM on 08/01/2011
I think Mr. el-Erian is right, whats needed to make the situation fundamentally better is high economic growth and job creation. The big question is how is this achievable.
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Jack Daniels Esq
Hold the ice
03:34 AM on 08/01/2011
WH & DC should take a well deserved break - for about five years
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Bogstomper2
A secular conservative
01:11 AM on 08/01/2011
"No part of this article may be reproduced in any form, or referred to in any other publication..."

I'd just like to point out to el-Erian that neither he nor PIMCO has the authority to order such a restriction. This is one of the first problems that we need to address, this myth that corporations have the right to impose their will on real citizens.

In fact, I suggest that ending the corporate model completely would do a lot to improve America's economic and moral climate. Let's put personal responsibility back into business. And let's end once and for all this insane notion that having a magic org chart makes your business a citizen.

In the meantime, I'm gonna violate el-Erian's orders by reproducing parts of this article and referring to it in other publications, just to mock his delusions of authority.
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Jack Daniels Esq
Hold the ice
03:36 AM on 08/01/2011
Pie, I say - let them all eat pie
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CaliforniaMountainBiker
Fiscal conservative social liberal
12:24 AM on 08/01/2011
Why didn't Obama and Reid just raise the ceiling back when they had all the power?
Reid put off the vote saying he wanted the republicans to play a role.
Be careful what you wish for - it may come true.
07:40 AM on 08/01/2011
I reckon that musta done learned him, huh???
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
09:46 PM on 07/31/2011
In the past 2 1/2 years, the national debt has clibed almost 40% under Obama. Obviously, some of the problem is the huge war expenses left by Bush and the reduced taxes paid by the wealthy. But Obama also bears a large share of the responsibility for fighting Al qaida in Afghanistan, even though they are nolonger there. (Look at pre-surege articles prising Biden.) Obama also chose to bail out large banks and abandon most of the rest of us to foreclosures and mortgages above the current value of the homes we lkive in.

So, even though I find the Republican behavior contemptable, I also also think Obama needs to take a major portion of the blame for his lack of guts and poor choices of action. It's pretty clear that America cannot consistently import more than it exports (as it has for four decades), and export our best jobs and most critical industries. (Software is the 'brains' of 21st century goods & services. Lose the software industry, and we'll be buying these goods & services from everyone else.)

So IMHO, everyone involved deserves a failing mark. Obama, the Tea Party, Republicans, and Democrats. It's time to begin retiring these folks by force, and seriously looking at new parties andnew political systems.Of course, as long as the same media supplies the 'nerws,' Americans are likely to remain the most ignorant people in the world.
04:06 AM on 08/01/2011
TARP was signed off on under Bush. Most of the TARP funds have been repaid. The money doled out by the Fed (not under Obama's control) has not been repaid.

The largest single expenditure was the stimulus (about $800B) of which nearly half was tax cuts which reduce revenue but do not stimulate the economy.

If we repeal the Bush tax cuts, get out of Iraq and Afghanistan, roll back the defense budget to what it was when Bush came into office then the budget is nearly balanced.
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Josh Steinhauer
Ex-Patriot, Europe
07:28 AM on 08/01/2011
The dems have been in power for going on 6 years and have had control of the White House for 3. If the solution was that simple, then why haven't they done it? We can't continue to blame Bush for every problem that Obama finds himself in. If that is the case then we should just admit that Bush is still the President and Obama is just his proxy.
04:06 AM on 08/01/2011
Bushes contribution to the debt = over 5 trillion. Obama contribution = 1.4 trillion, with an economy in recession.
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Richard Pearce banned
Never let them tell you it can't be done.
06:43 AM on 08/01/2011
Now who would be silly enough to introduce facts into a discussion like this?
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sixchair
capitalist, job creator, progressive.
09:30 PM on 07/31/2011
Ratings agencies? The ones who smilingly rated the junk CDO's as AAA? If AAA is good enough for those instruments, it should be good enough for the USA.

If I were potus, I would tell those agencies that if they don't want to be issuing their pronouncements from the Cook County Prison for perpetrating massive finanacial fraud, they better keep their pie holes shut on this one.
07:43 AM on 08/01/2011
You now want to penalize them for telling the truth, because they lied before?

That makes no sense!
Genders
Love, Tolerance, Enlightenment
09:05 PM on 07/31/2011
The Citizens have been compromised into serfdom since Reagan.

It's time to balance things. It's time for the rich to pay.

Tax the rich, jail the bankster, take their trillion and the FED's and invest in our citizens. Cut the MIC by 90%. Bring back the banker and business regulation cut since Reagan.
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CaliforniaMountainBiker
Fiscal conservative social liberal
12:16 AM on 08/01/2011
Recite for me the IRS figures of who pays what share of the tax revenues and then defend your outlandish ( but popular statement with drones who can't research facts for themselves) claim that "It's time for the rich to pay". The top 5% has paid over 58% of the tax revenue collected going back more than 20 years and the burden on the bottom 50% has been less than 2.7%.

I'm so sick of misinformation based on emotional claims that get in the way of constructive dialog.
12:34 AM on 08/01/2011
I'm assuming, which may be a mistake, that you are referring to people in all political parties who do this.
Genders
Love, Tolerance, Enlightenment
01:05 AM on 08/01/2011
Lowest top income tax rates in 90 years. That;s what matters, not the percentage of the Republic tax revenues comes from them, since to pay that much you have to mach ridiculous amounts of money!

Why do they make so much more than all the rest of the people combined? Because of automation and tech, and deregulation.

The bottom 50% are now so poor, poorer than they have been in 90 years, that they pay only 2.7% of the taxes, because they make so little money.

The top 400 famlies now have as much wealth as the btoom 50% of aemricans.

Just what the founder faiugth and died to prevent.

"When economic power became concentrat­­ed in a few hands, then political power flowed to those possessors and away from the citizens, ultimately resulting in an oligarchy or tyranny." John Adams

"As riches increase and accumulate in few hands . . . the tendency of things will be to depart from the republican standard." Alexander Hamilton

"I hope we shall . . . crush in [its] birth the aristocrac­­y of our monied corporatio­­ns." Thomas Jefferson

You just got robbed by the basnkters and the super rich, and you defend them.
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Bonnie Larkin
Oathkeeper AND NRA member
12:19 AM on 08/01/2011
just what gives you the rights to other peoples money?
Genders
Love, Tolerance, Enlightenment
01:07 AM on 08/01/2011
Because the Republic created the money in the first place. Because no one gets rich on a desert island. Because it was the entire civilization that made your wealth possible.

Leave if you don;t like it, but our money stays here. See how you do in Somalia.

It's called taxes. Not theft, it's the dues you pay for civilization.
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sf1000000
Screw being nice its highly overrated
10:08 AM on 08/01/2011
Ah well then I have a good idea, You stop paying your taxes. Your house catches on fire, cha ching you pay, public roads YOU pay,oh defense can we send you a lump sum for that bill or shall we just keep your tab open and use a credit card.
You pay because YOU want the services you have grown to expect, roads, schools, librarires and fire depts and PD and if YOU get hurt and have no insurance You pay so YOU can get medical attention or your family can..so the next time YOU need a cop, don't be surprised if he asks You 1st, :sir and how are you going to take care of this bill, then I will listen to you. We all pay. Property taxes, library fees, Health insurance..there is more and MORE...
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sposton
right to tell what they don't want to hear
08:28 PM on 07/31/2011
"After all, they depend on America as the major provider of the global public goods that they use and pay for -- from the dollar as the reserve currency to this country's financial markets as the best place to outsource the intermediation of their hard-earned savings."

What exactly are the "global public goods" that we are a major provider of? Is that a euphemism for all those toxic derivatives? ;-)
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Susan Shaffer
tell me from the beginning
02:17 AM on 08/01/2011
war machine?