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Neil Hicks

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Don't Return to Business as Usual in Egypt: Link Foreign Aid to Democratic Progress in Egypt

Posted: 03/18/2012 10:30 am

The Obama administration is facing one of the biggest tests of its commitment to promoting democracy and human rights in the Arab world since the uprisings of the Arab Spring, over one year ago.

The administration must decide, pursuant to the 2012 appropriations law, whether the Secretary of State will certify that Egypt is meeting specified human rights conditions before $1.3 billion of military and other foreign assistance can be paid over to the Egyptian government.

It is impossible for the administration to say honestly that these conditions are being met, in view of the continuing attacks and prosecutions of independent civil society organizations and human rights activists in Egypt.

Moreover, Egypt's democratic transition remains far from complete. Now is not the time for giving Egypt's current rulers, who are mostly holdovers from the Mubarak era dictatorship, the U.S. government's seal of approval. That is exactly how the release of U.S. aid would be seen by the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) and other representatives of the old order in Cairo.

Nevertheless, pressure is building in Washington for the administration to move forward with approving the aid. The Pentagon is reported to be expressing concerns about losses to American suppliers and arms manufacturers if the aid is held up, and Egypt's rulers delivered, albeit partially, on their pledge to allow American and other international employees of international human rights and democracy organizations facing prosecution to leave the country. Egypt again demonstrated its strategic value to the United States last week by brokering a ceasefire between Israel and Palestinian militants to put at least a temporary end to escalating exchanges of fire across the border between southern Israel and the Gaza Strip.

A peaceful democratic transition in Egypt is in the national interest of the United States, and this is the strategic goal which advances stability in Egypt over the longer term and should guide policy making.

The U.S. government should not delude itself that it can protect its strategic interests by jettisoning its values. Indeed, no such return to the failed policies of the past, balancing security and strategic interests against support for advancing human rights and democracy, is necessary or desirable.

Ignoring the human rights and democracy conditions that Congress has placed on U.S. foreign assistance to Egypt would be seen as the U.S. government giving its unconditional support to anti-democratic forces in Egypt. It would be a severe blow to any pretensions the U.S. government may have to be seen as a supporter of universal values of human rights and democracy in the Middle East and North Africa and around the world.

Moreover, disregarding universal values does not yield any strategic advantage for the United States. The best hope for America to have a reliable strategic partner in Egypt in the years ahead is for Egypt's democratic transition to succeed and for a representative government to emerge in Cairo that serves the legitimate interests of its people. Continuing conflict between the military and newly empowered elected bodies is not a recipe for any kind of stability, and political instability in Egypt brings with it the threat of increasing political violence, including heightened insecurity for Egypt's vulnerable religious minorities and fertile ground for the growth of violent religious extremism.

The long-standing aid relationship between the United States and Egypt provides many opportunities for the U.S. government to encourage positive change. High-handed threats to withhold or condition aid bring an understandable backlash from Egyptians of all backgrounds, who are concerned about foreign interference in their domestic affairs.

So, the challenge facing the administration is to find a way to use the aid relationship so that it serves the overriding U.S. strategic interest of a peaceful democratic transformation in Egypt.

The U.S. government needs to both send the message that it is continuing to stand ready to provide the Egyptian government with the economic assistance it desperately needs while also making clear that foreign assistance is inextricably tied to democratic change -- not because this is some capricious condition dreamt up by ill-intentioned western policy makers, but rather because it is a time-tested strategy that enshrining the rule of law, empowering representatives, accountable government and strengthening legal safeguards for basic rights and freedoms are the only ways to meet the legitimate aspirations of the millions of people in Egypt and beyond for human dignity.

Human Rights First recommends a new approach: A phased roll-out of the annual aid package. By linking payments to reform milestones that are scheduled to occur in the coming months, like the adoption of a constitution protecting basic rights and freedoms for all Egyptians, and the handover of power from the military to an elected civilian government, the U.S. government could have the flexibility it needs to respond to the challenges of tumultuous change in Egypt and the broader region. Under this approach, the administration could release part of the aid funds now, recognizing that some of the conditions, like the holding of free parliamentary elections, have been met, while also demonstrating its concern that the Egyptian government must do more to satisfy other conditions, including making progress in respect for freedoms of association and expression and for religious freedom.

 
The Obama administration is facing one of the biggest tests of its commitment to promoting democracy and human rights in the Arab world since the uprisings of the Arab Spring, over one year ago. The ...
The Obama administration is facing one of the biggest tests of its commitment to promoting democracy and human rights in the Arab world since the uprisings of the Arab Spring, over one year ago. The ...
 
 
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09:58 PM on 03/21/2012
As an Egyptian I fully agree with the article. The whole comparison with Israel is irrelevant, the discussion should not be about the "double standard" but the miserable standards in Egypt. What's happening in Israel should not justify the situation in Egypt.

Read a relevant post on Liberal Koshari
"Bigger Carrots, Bigger Sticks":
http://www.liberalkoshari.com/2012/02/bigger-carrots-bigger-sticks.html
08:35 AM on 03/19/2012
Mr. Hicks, how long will the U.S. congress look the other way while Israel continues the illegal occupation and dehuumanization of the Palestinians. What of their human rights. When will the congress stop the billions of U.S. tax payer funding for such a rogue, criminal state. The Israeli government has over 100 U.N. resolutions and international condemnations against them, not to mention countless human rights violations. To put an end to these crimes, the U.S. could use the billions of dollars in aid as leverage against Israel. Israel is not a democracy, but a prime example of a theocracy. We should concern ourselves as a nation in righting our wrongs in the region before threatning countries for their lack of politcal and social graces as we see them. The double standards and hypocrisy of our country needs to end. Let us self correct before we attempt to correct others.
10:31 AM on 03/19/2012
9000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 septrillion xs fanned efd271 .. BRAVO!
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Otto Black
Follow The White Rabbit...
08:12 AM on 03/19/2012
The same principles should apply to Israel. Withhold aid until the occupation ends and a reasonable solution for both sides takes shape. Egypt and Israel should not continue to receive money unless US interests are preserved.IMHO.
10:31 AM on 03/19/2012
x2
08:00 AM on 03/19/2012
We will pay you to do what we want. America has enought of its own problems, maybe it is time to stop telling others how to run thier countries and deal with our own problems. The middle east will settle it own problems. We are not the rulers of all nations or should we try to tell them how to rule. Each nation has a right to rule as they choose.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
fapescia
06:30 AM on 03/19/2012
If the US stops the 1.3 billion dollar annual bribe Egypt will begin a military buildup in the Sinai. The bribe will continue to be paid no matter what human rights violations occur.
05:14 AM on 03/19/2012
The Muslim brotherhood just called for tearing up egypts peace agreement with Israel Fine then Israel will take back the Sinai that it won fair and square in 67
10:32 AM on 03/19/2012
there is no right of conquest in international law . . . .
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Boduognat
Lasciate ogne speranza, voi ch'entrate.
07:05 AM on 03/20/2012
Ah... so peace to Israel means just sitting down and waiting until they can make their next strike?

And then what? They become occupiers even more?

And then next? Invade Sudan? Somalia? Kenia?

Do the Israelis want to build a new thousand year empire?
08:27 PM on 03/18/2012
Choosing this time to end our hypocrisy is just more hypocrisy.
To speak of values as justification for a selective adherence to our supposed values without mentioning how those values are ignored for allies including military occupiers, brutal dictators and monarchs is disingenuous.

US officials publicly lamenting the results of the elections that democracy has brought while criticizing the military makes this decision easily abused for the ideological crowd who openly supported the former dictator.

The peace angle being used by neocons screams for a thorough debate.

It closely resembles the punishment of the Palestinians for their democratic choice.

It is not correct to state that cutting off funds is the only choice of all those who believe in human rights and democracy.

Simply redirecting the funds away from the military would be the practical compromise, but the neocons oppose helping the islamists recently elected. This clearly exposes the myth about democracy as justification.

Only supporting democracy when the people vote the way you want them to vote is not supporting democracy.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
GZLives
02:50 AM on 03/19/2012
"It closely resembles the punishment of the Palestinians for their democratic choice."

IS one man, one vote, one time good enough for you because that's the sham democracy Hamas has given the Palestinians - so its seems sort of ridiculous to hold it out as being anything other then what it is ... your garden variety repressive dictatorship albeit Islamist
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Boduognat
Lasciate ogne speranza, voi ch'entrate.
07:59 AM on 03/19/2012
"....the sham democracy Hamas has given the Palestinians..."

Sorry to disappoint you, again, but the Carter Center monitored these elections and they ascertained that the elections were both free AND fair.

The subsequent action of Israel of simply kidnapping all (or at least more than 60) of the elected Hamas lawmakers and tossing them in jail without any form of trial whatsoever actually does correspond a lot more with the behavior of the average banana republic.
09:10 AM on 03/19/2012
90000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 billion xs fanned althohone
07:00 PM on 03/18/2012
US isn't giving foreign aids to Egypt. What Egypt receives from the US is for signing on to the Israel-Egypt peace agreement in 1979. The military aid is in theory to cover the cost to Egypt of that peace agreement. In practice it made Egypt dependent to US, particularly with respect to military matters. Democracy to Egypt doesn't come with a promise of military aid.
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
GZLives
02:54 AM on 03/19/2012
"US isn't giving foreign aids to Egypt. "

Wrong they give Egypt 250 million in what's called The Economic Support Fund

http://www.vaughns-1-pagers.com/politics/us-foreign-aid.htm
10:58 AM on 03/19/2012
All US aid to Egypt is military/political related, the Egyptian military controls large percentage of Egyptian civilian economy, some minuscule amount of USAID money goes to these companies through Egyptian government, such as water delivery systems, etc. Majority of the civilian aids go to NGOs in Egypt who end up using the money for "democracy promotion". In either case $250 million is peanuts in a country of 80 million people, and can't be used as a threat.
02:44 PM on 03/18/2012
The desire to reward good and punish bad makes the idea of withholding or further conditioning aid seem the right choice. It is not. America must stay engaged in Egypt and must remain an influence to ensuring the country chooses a stable, modernist track. Maintaining "strategic" ties in which military aid is a center-piece, while fostering the cause of reform are not mutually exclusive acts. Egypt stands at an especially sensitive stage in its history, and is susceptible to dramatic swings on a myriad of events. Look how the NGO dispute played out - even in trying to do the right thing in speaking out against an overly aggressive prosecution, the end result was by publicizing and politicizing the event, the United States came out looking brutish and like-minded reformists were all put on the defensive.

Taking another, more serious event, the Pope of 41 years leading the Middle East's largest Christian population died yesterday. Even if there is no tie, some hot-head would be bound to tie any cut in USAID to US pressure to protect the Copts, which in turn would further expose Christians to negative influences and embolden radicals.

The US must stay the course with Egypt. There will be ups and downs, especially in a climate of transition and populism, but common interests, whether deemed "strategic" or "non-strategic", in stability and prosperity exist, and will prevail with common sense and patience. http://balasticman.blogspot.it/2012/01/small-minded-defeatism-of-washington.html
07:28 PM on 03/18/2012
The track record of your proposal is dismal. The US should not help any foreign government. Its up to the people there to fix their problems. Would you want communist China to "fix" our government?
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Robert SF
12:58 PM on 03/18/2012
It's a no-win situation. If we just give them money, we're accused of propping up regimes. If we attach conditions to it, we're accused of interfering in their sovereignty. Why do we give them ANY money in the first place? We shouldn't.
12:49 PM on 03/18/2012
Hang on..... During the Mubarak days American aid to Egypt was the payment to keep the treaty with Israel undisturbed............ Human rights were a non issue. Now that Americas stooge is out the humanrights thing comes up.... why didnt it come up during the Mubarak era?
The US has jettisoned its "values" all the while during Mubaraks timed... it continues to jettison its values in Saudi Arabia, Bharain, Yemen, Palestine.... come on Uncle Sam, the world sees through your double standards, quit playacting
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GZLives
03:06 AM on 03/19/2012
Because what's about to happen in Egypt to forward thinking Egyptians is far worse then Mubarak.

Being dragged back centuries to an Iranian style theocracy is not what the Facebook secular crowd had in mind when they went into Tahrir Sq. But then again, the Islamists back then were pretending to sing from the same hymn book. As soon as it looked like the regime was gone, the first thing the Islamists did was attack the Christians and burn their churches.

To me it looks like what may happen next is Egypt will walk away from the Israeli Treaty, Israel will request a clarification of the status of Sinai which was given back to Egypt in exchange for the Treaty and a crisis will ensue. The new Muslim Brotherhood government fanning the flames of anti US and anti Israel will make a deal with Putin's Russia and we will be back in a sort of cold war with Syria, Lebanon Iran and Egypt all lining up with the Russians.

Welcome to "Arab Spring"
09:08 AM on 03/19/2012
x2 ravi . . . . well said . . . and so true . . . Egypt just brokered the ceasefire between Israel and the Palestinians . . . . the Egyptians are working hard . . . I say give them the money
09:19 AM on 03/19/2012
I agree.... and maybe democracy can truly blossom in Egypt.....
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
messy
artist, writer, adventurer
11:30 AM on 03/18/2012
The Coptic pope just died. There were a hundred thousand mourners in Cairo today. No one here seems to care.
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Robert SF
12:59 PM on 03/18/2012
Wait a bit and there will be fewer Christians in Egypt. The Muslims will drive them out, like they've done in all other Muslim countries.
07:03 PM on 03/18/2012
Do you mean Egypt just became muslim or that the Copts just figured out they live in Egypt? You reek ignorance.