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Paul Gunther

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The Architecture of Mormonism: A 2012 Campaign Guidepost

Posted: 06/07/2012 6:47 pm

The Salt Lake Tabernacle is one of the architectural masterpieces of the country and perhaps the world -- Frank Lloyd Wright

Mr. Romney is a former bishop of the ward in the Mormon Church -- one who has given what is estimated as tens of millions of dollars to its core operations and numerous programs of community service and hopeful proselytizing. With the possibility of such a prominent member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints becoming the 45th President of the United States, taking stock of its temples and meeting houses emerges as one way to understand the unique cultural contribution this native religion has made across the country.

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However, as the interiors of these various Mormon houses of worship are inaccessible except to members in good standing who present a validating card known as the "recommend," and as the faith's dogma and rituals are cloaked in discretion (born in part from decades of murderous persecution), the exteriors and their placement in the landscape are for many the only source of prospective insight.

The year 2012 marks the 180th anniversary of church founder Joseph Smith Jr.'s call for the first temple in Kirtland, Ohio thanks to a revelation, brought to him on tablets from the angel Maroni, calling for temple worship as a pillar of the new faith.

Despite these many intervening decades and the gradual shifts of taste and technology, there are enduring Mormon temple design characteristics in force worthy of insightful notice today:

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  • Placement on a high spot dominating the surroundings and apart from neighboring structures as real estate exigencies allow (unlike the temple on New York's Broadway sandwiched across from Lincoln Center amidst some of the most valuable property on the globe yet still evident with distinct and prominent steeple);
  • An underlying proto-modern simplicity of form most often ornamented with neo-classical or tradition-inflected crenelation and other symbolic decoration tied to the many movements the original doctrine echoed such as Freemasonry;
  • A well-mannered yet vaguely intimating aspect of domination like the great cathedrals and mosques that declared their doctrinal intent, somewhat more remote by virtue of a purposeful absence of porousness;
  • An increasing uniformity of almost franchise-like legibility echoing the Salt Lake " holy see" tabernacle as manifest in the always numbered new temples which have risen identically to nearly 150 in recent years. Overall size can bend to local planning statutes and neighborhood pressures, but a grand but opaque standardization of their design announces the denomination as much any ecclesiastical architectural tradition ever has especially within the confraternity of those descended from the teachings of Jesus Christ.

As its own website states (likely propelled by the destruction of early temples like the 1848 arson at the historic early exemplar in Nauvoo, Illinois), "Church leaders determined that the Salt Lake Temple would be almost fortress-like in its design and construction." And yet the result is a distinct and original "of- its-time" vocabulary of ingenuity and spiritual utility that matches America's own purposeful methodology in meeting present-day needs with condign innovation. Hence master Wright's singular praise.

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With a presidential campaign reaching fever pitch earlier than ever, and with all professional prognosticators predicting a close call, LDS temple architecture deserves closer inspection. Examining the architecture of Mormonism is useful to do not as the full measure of projected GOP nominee, Mitt Romney, per se, but instead as a glimpse into the credo that has done much to shape his character and attendant guiding principles.

Perhaps liberating future architects from some precise set of architectural parameters in alternative favor of a looser interpretation of patterning guidelines would help assure a lively future for this nativist design tradition whatever the outcome next November.

Correction: The author regrets the biographical error made in describing Mr. Romney presently as a resident bishop of the Mormon Church. Instead Mr. Romney is a former bishop of the ward in Belmont Massachusetts, where he served accordingly from 1981 to 1986.

 
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The Salt Lake Tabernacle is one of the architectural masterpieces of the country and perhaps the world -- Frank Lloyd Wright M...
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11:59 AM on 06/17/2012
Mr Gunther has confused two key terms. "Tabernacle" and "Temple" are two separate buildings, within a stones throw of each other. Frank Lloyd Wright would have been referring to the Tabernacle, which is indeed a marvel of ingenuity on the part of the Morman Pioneers. Wright would have had full access to this building. The Salt Lake Temple is a remarkable achievement and magnificent in its own right.
01:49 AM on 06/14/2012
did the author of this article actually get paid to write this piece of ridiculous, meaningless trash?

"With a presidential campaign reaching fever pitch earlier than ever, and with all professional prognosticators predicting a close call, LDS temple architecture deserves closer inspection."

i read this and i'm like "wtf? what? why?"

"Maroni"? really?
05:26 PM on 06/13/2012
I wish you would've researched to get more accurate facts and asked the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' public relations department. Please contact: http://www.mormonnewsroom.org/contact/ The persecutions of the Mormon pioneers are not the cause of the privacy of the temples. Sacred promises and rituals go on in the temple. Only certain people are allowed to enter because it is sacred and requires a certain level of spiritual worthiness. Remember in Matthew 21 when Christ expelled the money changers from the temple for defiling it? It is considered a holy place to be kept sacred for the Lord. I don't demand to enter any synagogue or chapel because I respect other religions. This is not uncommon. Also, not all temples are large and "dominating"- not necessarily to accommodate neighbors (although we do try our best to be considerate), but rather because smaller temples allow the church to build more temples worldwide, providing temples in closer distance to members. Temples are not made out of the best materials for show, but rather as a representation of giving the best for the House of the Lord. Especially when writing about something so sacred to a religion, I encourage more objectivity and research in your next article.
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xxixpines
Truth often causes wailing and gnashing of teeth
05:31 PM on 06/24/2012
Its a shame they prefer to place occultic symbols about the temple leaving any symbolism of christ out of the mix.
04:34 PM on 06/13/2012
Thank you for your article. Sorry for the negative comments on detail. The extensive negative media coverage has made some of our people a bit over-sensitive.
03:02 PM on 06/13/2012
The temples are really beautful to look at. I don't see what their architecture has to do with Romney's history or candidacy. I am not a Mormon and I am not offended that I'm not allowed in a temple. It's a private building and they can allow who they want inside.
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Jeremy Bursac
You're not the bossa nova me.
04:17 PM on 06/13/2012
Allow me to assist you. Here is the clear connection between the Mormon architecture and the Mormon (authoritarian) politics:

"Perhaps liberating future architects from some precise set of architectural parameters in alternative favor of a looser interpretation of patterning guidelines would help assure a lively future...."

The word "nativist" is similarly communicative...for those able to absorb information.
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OutAtFirst
Mountain goat, desert rat and sea dog
02:30 PM on 06/13/2012
Whenever I see those temples "Surrender Dorothy" always pops into my mind.
01:52 PM on 06/13/2012
Cotton candy writing.
ThatsTheTheWayItIs
religion, ideology, partisanship are delusional
01:29 PM on 06/13/2012
Irrelevant fact: Joseph Smith was born in South Royalton VT, rural home of their law school.
08:50 PM on 06/14/2012
do you mean about 5 miles outside of Sharon, Vermont? and who's law school? BYU (Utah) has a law school.
07:57 AM on 06/13/2012
The call for the first temple to be built in Kirkland, OH was no where contained in the sacred work delivered to Joseph Smith, Jr. in what became the Book of Mormon. If you are to write an article about the Church, please do some actual research.
10:18 PM on 06/12/2012
Interesting take. Don't know who Maroni is though and tradition-inflected crenelation and as to the LDS being tied to the many movements the original doctrine echoed such as Freemasonry, not so much.

It's be nice if they'd just get a fact checker for once. I'm positive if this was an article on the Jewish faith the author would be in some kind of trouble. All I know is as more and more info like this tries ti get spread more and more LDS members will in fact react. Time to change and show some respect for once.
ThatsTheTheWayItIs
religion, ideology, partisanship are delusional
01:27 PM on 06/13/2012
Maybe you should read about Mormonism. Because I know who he is, and it's like not knowing who Jesuss is, and claiming to know anything about Christians, which Mormons are not. Read Under the Banner of Heaven. Or even watch South Park, they had a fairly accurate show about it. And their play is considered accurate too, even by Mormons.
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Digeeedad
02:02 PM on 06/13/2012
"claiming to know anything about Christians, which Mormons are not."..... you don't know what you are talking about. Ridiculous and untrue statement.
02:36 PM on 06/13/2012
Or perhaps go directly to the source, www.lds.org.
accelerando
my micro-bio is empty
06:56 PM on 06/12/2012
I think the Salt Lake City Temple is clearly in the popular mid-19th century style known as "Italianate" these days. It borrows indiscriminately from Italian Renaissance and Neo-Classic palace architecture, and, in the case of the Temple, Milan Cathedral is an obvious if peculiar source of inspiration. This style was popular in the US because it was associated with the fight for "new" Italy and Garibaldi and was considered anti-Papal. This at a time when anti-immigrant, anti-Catholic passions ran high in the US, especially in the Northeast and New York--origin state of the Mormons.
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01:59 PM on 06/11/2012
Acts 7:48 "Howbeit the most High dwelleth not in temples made with hands; as saith the prophet," 17:24 "God that made the world and all things therein, seeing that he is Lord of heaven and earth, dwelleth not in temples made with hands." Ironically, Mormons do NOT invite all into their temples, as their Book of Mormon declares they should. 2 Nephi 26:26 "Behold, hath he commanded any that they should depart out of the synagogues, or out of the houses of worship? Behold, I say unto you, Nay. 33 For none of these iniquities come of the Lord; for he doeth that which is good among the children of men; and he doeth nothing save it be plain unto the children of men; and he inviteth them all to come unto him and partake of his goodness; and he denieth none that come unto him, black and white, bond and free, male and female; and he remembereth the heathen; and all are alike unto God, both Jew and Gentile." The symbolic teachings presented in these temples were meant for all because God is no respecter of persons (Romans 2:11). Therefore, for those whom it might interest here is what it is all about. It is sacred, not secret and most importantly free to download. http://marvelousworkandawonder.com/sns/index.htm
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arcanumseeker
Is it schizoid paranoia or just existential blues?
06:49 PM on 06/11/2012
I used your link and read just a little. Can you confirm that Saints believe that sexually is our free choice? That is something I have never heard of.
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12:00 PM on 06/12/2012
IF Joseph Smith would have told them it was their choice they would have rejected it and quoted Genesis 1:27.The "Saints" rejected everything Joseph Smith and the Book of Mormon tried to teach them [Rejected the United Order/Law of Consecration for a church based upon Judaism, even though the BOM consistently stated the Laws of Moses were void and of no worth to those seeking "Salvation".] and therefore they were given a church based upon the desire of the peoples heart because Free Agency is the paramount Universal principle (Jacob 4:14). However, there is one thing we did not have a choice in and that was to be created; therefore, isn't it fair that we get to choose our gender? This book is important because it presents the Endowment Ceremony in its original, unaltered content; unlike the current version that is the result of many unauthorized edits.
11:17 AM on 06/12/2012
Everyone is invited to LDS chapels, which are our "synagogues." Come and see for yourself.
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04:01 PM on 06/12/2012
I wandered in that desert for 40 yrs, there is nothing else I need to come see for myself. A Jewish "church" is called a synagogue, shul or temple.(i.e.- Temple Beth Israel) The German word for school is schul. The Endowment is a teaching tool and participating in it or any other outward ordinance administered by priests saves no one, for according to LDS doctrine all blessings are predicated upon obedience, not membership (Galatians 5:18). The Endowment is part of "His goodness" and therefore everyone to include non-members are invited to learn from it or "partake of its goodness". Judge James Adams, a non-Mormon participated in the very first presentation of the Endowment proving its non-denominational intent. It was NOT presented in a dedicated Mormon temple! The Kirtland Temple was open to the public even after its dedication. This was the same time the members were invited to live the United Order and the Law of Consecration but rejected it for the Law of Tithes, which falls under the Laws of Moses. Funny how an "Open House" becomes a "Closed House" after temples are dedicated now. : (
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GraphicMatt
Somebody make me a sandwich!
10:58 AM on 06/11/2012
Look like modern adaptations of Gothic Cathedrals to me.
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Jeremy Bursac
You're not the bossa nova me.
04:23 PM on 06/13/2012
Looks like Gothic cathedrals crossed with brutalist, communist housing to me, but I'm not an architect.
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05:48 PM on 06/10/2012
Mormons are not as powerful or profound as their churches would suggest. The architect was merely building a monument to himself--not gawd.
02:39 PM on 06/10/2012
The sets of Wizard of Oz mets Stalin's University of Moscow and the Waldorf Astoria. I never found the temples to be great art nor reflect innovation, they just seem what they are suppose to be, big buildings sticking out on the hillside calling attention to themselves without trying to be part of the enviroment. At least they did not go for the whole Las Vegas neon look or crosses with strobes so some good taste was used.