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Pearl Korn

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After Recent Revelations, Hospitals Must Finally Become Safety-First Environments

Posted: 01/23/2012 11:06 am

It has taken 13 years for us to revisit the issues in To Err Is Human, the 1999 landmark government report that shocked our nation with its revelation that 98,000 people died yearly in hospitals due to doctors' errors. For decades, and through one administration after another, the lack of safety in our healthcare system has gone un-addressed, placing us at greater and greater risk. Hospitals have disappeared, been downsized or have consolidated into vast medical complexes operating like big businesses, with overextended staff spending less and less time with patients due to the fee-for-service paradigm. Adding to this toxic environment are the insurers, who squeeze every dime they can out of the insured by increasing premiums and co-pays and denying coverage for certain procedures at will, while cutting doctors fees for services rendered. A non-system of healthcare seemingly held together with scotch tape and a prayer. The millions who are uninsured are a testament to the failure of an overly costly delivery system that leaves too many without basic healthcare security and coverage. With this as a template for healthcare delivery, how could safety be a part of the package?

Not too long ago, we saw George W. Bush repeatedly diverting attention from the issue of safety in healthcare with fables of frivolous lawsuits and million-dollar pay outs. There is no doubt that this issue is dirty laundry that few in Congress have had the backbone to take on. For many years Public Citizen has issued annual reports honing in on the failures of the Office of Professional Medical Conduct (OPMC) in the states' Health Departments to protect the public by taking minimal action -- if any -- against doctors who have been sanctioned by their hospitals -- a failed agency model that is reactive instead of proactive. (See my Huffington Post article last year "Our Unsafe Healthcare System Is The Issue, Not Caps on Tort Settlements" for more information on this subject.)

At the beginning of the new year, there was a segment on ABC World News on the release of a new report by the Inspector General of Health and Human Services, which oversees Medicare and Medicaid, that found that only one in seven errors and accidents in hospitals are reported. This translates into more than 130,000 Medicare patients being estimated to have experienced one or more adverse episodes in a single month. These staggering numbers were also reported in an Op Ed in the New York Daily News on January 9th of this year. If these are just the numbers reported for Medicare patients, what about those on Medicaid and with private insurance? Is any attempt being made to identify them?

The Op Ed mentioned numerous and varied reasons for these adverse happenings, from ineptitude to medication errors to bedsores and infections. The suggestion was that doctors and support staff don't know what is causing the problem, or they think someone else filed a report, or it was simply a routine occurrence. Basic definitions and code numbers are needed to identify adverse events in hospitals so that they can be charted and solutions found. Instead, they continue to go unreported or underreported, which is against the law. Clearly, little has changed since 1999. We all know a friend or family member who has a hospital-related horror story. Just last week, an echocardiogram technician told me she went to the hospital with kidney stones and developed a hospital-born infection, which left her hospitalized for a month. How much did that cost her and the system?

Some weeks before the Inspector General's report was released, Centers For Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) announced its competitively selected 32 Accountable Care Organizations, created under the Affordable Care Act, to participate in a pilot program to provide high-quality, coordinated healthcare and to reduce costs, with new models of healthcare delivery and payment to be implemented in those 32 selected hospitals around the country. Quality standards will be based on patient outcomes and patient experiences, along with coordination of care. This is all part of the transformation in healthcare on the way, with a major focus on e-medical record keeping as the linchpin. Better health and a reduction in hospitalizations are the goals, with an emphasis on primary care. CMS will pay a lump sum for each patient to cover all medical needs. A percentage of the money saved over a three-year period through reduced illness and hospitalizations would then be shared with the hospitals, if quality and performance standards are met. Awarding payment for results is certainly a novel concept in healthcare.

I find it interesting that only one hospital was chosen in New York State to participate in the ACO program, in a state where the nation's leading teaching hospitals and research medical centers are located. 24,000 traditional Medicare patients will be enrolled in this program in New York at Montefiore Medical Center and throughout the Montefiore system. To improve the quality of healthcare, this innovative program should certainly include improving safety among its primary goals. No patient should be fearful of entering a hospital or be at risk of injury or worse. It will be important to follow these pioneer efforts and see how improved healthcare delivery becomes a focus of these ACO's, hopefully at the same time developing safeguards that will eventually be used nationwide. Is a new era in safe, high-quality healthcare delivery with lower costs finally upon us? At least the door now appears to be open.

This post is dedicated to Seth Speken, who died unexpectedly at the age of 23 in a hospital in 1993, and to Christina Zisa, who died at age 27 as a result of injuries sustained during her birth in a hospital. Her lifetime of disabilities ended in January 2011. These were children of personal friends.

- with Jonathan Stone

 
It has taken 13 years for us to revisit the issues in To Err Is Human, the 1999 landmark government report that shocked our nation with its revelation that 98,000 people died yearly in hospitals due t...
It has taken 13 years for us to revisit the issues in To Err Is Human, the 1999 landmark government report that shocked our nation with its revelation that 98,000 people died yearly in hospitals due t...
 
 
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01:18 PM on 02/02/2012
I was a practicing neurosurgeon for 30 years and a hospital chief of staff for 5.The tentative conclusion I drew from the Medicare study that showed that over 100,000 deaths a year from adverse events was that going after faulty care delivery systems was a lot less effective than nearly everyone thought. The studies on which "To Err is Human" is based did not point to faulty systems but to mistakes by practitioners. The Institute of Medicine, that exalted private agency, believe it or not, turned the scientific findings on their heads. As Casey Stengel was fond of saying, "You could look it up." I challenged the author of both publications, Dr. Lucian Leape of Harvard, and he didn't have a good answer for the U-turn, but he took most of the responsibility for the change. Let me know if you are interested in this and I can provide you with ample documentation for what I have laid out above.
05:48 AM on 01/28/2012
Pearl, thank you for your insight. Keep up the good work! You lay out a clear roadmap on what we need to do. In our two-hospital town, we have one hospital that might as well be a luxury hotel, with parquet floors in some hallways and a grand piano in its vaulted-ceiling lobby. It also offers a pittance in charity care. The luxury hospital keeps adding more buildings, but didn't make it on the ACO list. Meanwhile, the other hospital, run by nuns, remains true to its mission and accepts all. Both are non-profits. Guess which one is struggling?
Time for single-payer.
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Pearl Korn
12:01 PM on 01/28/2012
Thank you very much for the kind words. Am pleased I connected with you, apparently on issues important to both of us. There is no doubt that single payer would remove so many of our health care woes while making it accessible to one and all. And providing better health at a price we can afford.

Thanks also for a glimpse into the two hospitals in your town. You did not mention where you live?
Of course the non profit is struggling and undoubtedly provides superior care than the luxury hospital you describe. It is all of course despicable and disgusting.The fight for single payer will only grow as the costs keep on rising and more and more are left out of even the most basic care. So far the ACA has not addressed or harnessed the out of control costs passes on to the public. And not negotiating with big Pharma on drug prices was a major cop out and give away when creating the bill.

Several states are working on implementing single payer and it appears that California is very close to achieving the votes needed in its legislature. If passed that would invigorate other states to come on board and move on single payer as well. It is hopeful. We just need one state to succeed.
02:58 PM on 01/24/2012
Pearl, you bit off a huge chunk on this one. .Ssingle payer system. Nurses have left the field in droves--because they are asked every day to do the impossible. Primary care is reimbursed at 1/3 or less of subspecialty care, so not only are we a dying breed, but there will be no one to replace us, due to huge student loans for medical students. So, what is the answer?
1. Single payer enhanced medicare for all
2. True malpractice reform, with medical panels that address recurrent errors and make corrections. Every medical error is not the same, and should not be treated as such.
3. Interface of all medical data. Taiwan's system includes EVERY practitioner, hospital, etc. under its "smart card." billing is done through the same. Everyones's medical information is on a card the size of a credit card, updated at time of care, overhead is less than 2%. The technology, by the way, was invented in the US.
4. Pharmaceutical payments are negotiated by the federal government, as it does with the VA, THE OPPOSITE of Medicare Part D, which strictly forbids negotiation.
5. We become a system that focuses on community wellness and HEALTH CARE, not sick care. .
This is a start. Will it get us where we need to be? No way. But it sure as heck would be better than the disaster of the "medical industrial complex" we have as our health care "system" today. Keep up the fight, Pearl.
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Pearl Korn
12:57 PM on 01/25/2012
A big chunk, putting it mildly. The issues so complex. Your suggestions especially mentioning no.3 would solve many problems in health care delivery. So simple a concept using a smart card that would include all of the medical personnel as well as take care of the billing. But Taiwan also used our Medicare as its model and is single payer which takes care of the rest of the issues in providing health care to all of its citizens.

And you know we are a sick care system Scott because that is where the money is. In good health less profits. But a beginning as you say. If we could only get a mass movement behind health care. The Occupy movement could ignite the right fuse .The people must demand the change that is desperately needed.

I aim to keep up the fight with you Doc.
06:31 PM on 01/26/2012
So right young lady. Need a revolution. Can we hope for an "American Spring?"
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Pearl Korn
12:03 PM on 01/28/2012
Indeed we can. Thanks Scott.
07:58 AM on 01/24/2012
I respectfully would like to address the so-called problem of "frivolous lawsuits,"as it was generally defined by our former President,George.W.Bush:"the issue of safety in healthcare[is dogged]with fables of frivolous lawsuits and million-dollar pay outs."Moreover,President,Barack Obama,via his 2011-State-of-the-Union-Address,seems to have a similar perspective:"he is 'willing to look at other ideas to bring down(healthcare)costs, including...medical malpractice reform to rein in frivolous lawsuits.'"Now,to contrast the foregoing in the context of the"real"world,consider"one"aspect of my daughter,Christina Zisa,who was a victim of a reckless birthing process.This,just because the"obstetrician"elected to stay in bed in the middle of the night,thus,sedated/parked--via a verbal/phone order--my wife with 200mg of Secobarbital/SECONAL...a drug which has always been known to create respiratory/vasomotory depression.Thereafter,the"obstetrician"delivered the baby--via a C-Section--11 hours later.Namely,what actually transpired?Christina"lost"oxygen and was MAIMED for life.To boot,that unconscionable birthing process was meticulously COVERED-UP!As well,note that SECONAL is also used to EUTHANIZE animals and people.For the latter,consider Mike Wallace's video,1998,Dr. Jack Kevorkian's "60 Minutes"interview
-- http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-504803_162-20068720-10391709.html?tag=strip (i.e.,"first, the doctor gave him SECONAL to put him to sleep, quickly...)--which documents Dr.Kevorkian's medical procedure to end a man's life(euthanasia.)Now,would Christina's so-called mind-boggling medical procedure,to which she was subjected to,qualifies as a potential"frivolous lawsuit,'"therefore,there is no need to resort to America's"rule-of-law?"There is more,MUCH more...
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Pearl Korn
08:36 AM on 01/24/2012
Knowing your pain is why I dedicated this post to Christina. ONLY you could fill in the gruesome details that led to her demise and the culpability of a callous, self serving doctor. Of course he was unpunished for his transgressions as was the hospital.

I hope my post with the aid of your comment will perhaps reach some in power into waking up and addressing these disgraceful, dangerous issues. We have to keep pressing until this crisis is finally resolved. Millions are in jeopardy. This should be non partisan as the well being of one and all is on the line.
Thank you Rosario.
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Knollsgerbils
01:25 PM on 01/23/2012
"What do they call the person who graduated last in their class in medical school? Doctor."
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Pearl Korn
08:37 AM on 01/24/2012
Very good. I will have to remember your quote.
11:58 AM on 01/23/2012
Placing blame on medical malpractice lawsuits is ridiculous. People are getting infections, getting injured & filing lawsuits because hospitals are being run on skeleton staffs of nurses & other ancillary staff.The only thing that matters at the end of the month is whether it says red or black. The quality of care doesn't matter to the administrators & boards of directors. Nurses are severely overworked, hospitals are not hiring nurses, & they run around doing the best they can since they are burdened by endless paperwork in an effort to cover their a**es in case of a lawsuit. Patients are sent home too soon. There is no regulatory agency watching the insurance companies either, which is desperately needed: the increases in premiums, the decreases in reimbursements & governing how patients will be treated due to cost is nothing short of absurd. The "reward" system doesn't work.They'll do exactly what they do now when it comes times for re-accreditation by the Joint Commission: clean it all up for the inspection & go back to normal when it's done.There is a simple solution: have adequate staffing to carry out the patient care instead of expecting nurses to take care of 20 patients each.Get hospitals run by health care providers, not MBA's walking around in custom-made suits & Italian shoes.Doctors have to see so many patients to make any money that quality is at an all-time low. Is socialization the only answer? If nothing else is done, yes it is.
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Pearl Korn
02:42 PM on 01/23/2012
Don't think I blamed the state of our health care system on the mal practice lawsuits. I painted a canvas with a broad brush of issues. To simplify all we need a single payer system, regulations and removing the fee for service paradigm. You do mention some of the issues I posed in my post and yes regulation and getting rid of the insurers would go along way in cleaning up what we call health care delivery. 28 nations do it better and cheaper than we do.For 100 years we have used a failed system and have learned nothing from it. Adequate staffing won't change a thing if the system is unchanged. Montefiore is run by the way by doctors in the CEO position as well as in the office of Chief Medical Officer. A REAL national Health plan is the solution delivered by a single payer with tight regulation.
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Gestas
Mountain Man
11:57 AM on 01/23/2012
Us Old guys go to at lest one funeral week, here in this little town..The converation is always centered around the same question Who ,killed him ..The Insurance Company or the Hospital....
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Pearl Korn
02:44 PM on 01/23/2012
That is some commentary. Thanks for sharing.
11:47 AM on 01/23/2012
Unfortunately, this is not an issue of health care, it is that our politicians -- the guys we pay and are supposed to trust the most -- are corrupted by cash contributions from hospitals and doctors and insurers and Big Pharma, all to keep hands off and let the for-profit industry do its thing.
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Pearl Korn
02:52 PM on 01/23/2012
Hey Jack. Of course corruption is a major issue but there is more involved.The whole issue of how we deliver health care has to be restructured. Surely we could learn something from those 28 industrialized nations that deliver National Health assurance to all of their citizens.The people movement in our nation is growing. It is now only a matter of time until health care is targeted. I doubt if doctors and hospitals are big contributors. Why would they work against their own interests? Certainly insurers and big Pharma are.