iPhone app iPad app Android phone app Android tablet app More

Featuring fresh takes and real-time analysis from HuffPost's signature lineup of contributors
Dr. Peggy Drexler

GET UPDATES FROM Dr. Peggy Drexler
 

Moms and Dads Spring Open Gender Traps

Posted: 04/ 5/2012 3:34 pm

Contrary to Pope Benedict XVI's denunciations about what he called the "powerful" gay marriage lobby in America and the religious right's warning that gay marriage is a slippery slope to bestiality, there have been no confirmed reports of anyone applying for a license to marry their dog.

More and more of us are becoming open to the proposition that good, happy productive lives can grow from experience different from our own. Nontraditional families are gaining acceptance everywhere, from TV sitcoms to our own neighborhoods.

It's no secret that the past few decades have transformed traditional gender relationships. Both men and women are operating by a whole new set of rules. Instead of celebrating Mother's Day or Father's Day, some schools are celebrating Parent's Day to accommodate kids from the wide diversity of families today.

Gay and lesbian couples and single moms and dads by chance or choice embody changing ideas about sex and sex roles, they are also transforming the gender based definitions of parenting. They are challenging us all to reevaluate the terms of marriage. Along with single parents raising children, they are also transforming the nature of parenting -- and showing how Americans have transcended the gender-based definitions of parenting. We aren't mother or father anymore; we're just parents.

For years now, we've been celebrating fathers who change diapers and mothers who bring home the bacon as well as cook it. But the Supreme Court's June 2003 landmark decision striking down sodomy laws validates gay relationships, including gay parenting, and shows how the terms "mother" and "father" are often archaic concepts.

Yes, the terms "mother" and "father" do still usually convey a biological distinction between who inseminates and who gives birth, but the rise of donor insemination and surrogate pregnancies open debate even on that.

Whether we acknowledge it willingly or not, the differing social roles the mother-father nouns once designated are rapidly converging. Certainly, there are still things that fathers undertake more than mothers, such as teaching a child to ride a bike. Some things often seem to fall more to mothers, such as arranging childcare. But each parent can, and does, tend to everything.

Single parents have long blazed the way in performing the traditional roles of both mother and father; same-sex parents are pioneers on the same path. In today's America, no matter their gender, and no matter whether they are married or partnered or single, what people do is parent their children.

Parenting Is the Best Job Description

To parent: It's a verb that barely existed a quarter of a century ago. By now, however, it is more useful than the verbs "to father" and "to mother," which were always of limited utility. "To father" refers to nothing more than the biological function of making a baby; it is the provenance of paternity suits.

"Fathering" says nothing about the social role of being a male who is an active presence in his child's life, performing the once-traditional masculine task of introducing his child into the world beyond the home. "Mothering," on the other hand, bears little genetic import at all; it primarily refers to the social role of caregiver.

In our transformed world where men nurture and women behave paternally, "motherhood" and "fatherhood" reveal nothing about who takes the kids to school or disciplines them, who earns the family income or stays at home, or who comforts children when they cry or who praises them for being brave.

The experiences of gay and lesbian families are providing a valuable instruction manual for parenting beyond gender. Films such as Daddy and Papa, directed by Johnny Symons, and He's Having a Baby, directed by Georg Hartmann, dramatize the dimensions of same-sex parenting. Books such as Gay Dads: A Celebration of Fatherhood, edited by David Strah, and actor B. D. Wong's memoir of his newborn son's life-threatening illness, Following Foo: (the electronic adventures of The Chestnut Man), show the challenges and choices made by male couples heading families.

These contributions help us see how, for gays and lesbians, the words "mother" and "father" are barely even linguistic conveniences, much less terms that signify who does what in a family, or who's who. The task of raising children is rapidly becoming work without ties to traditional sex roles.

Ghost-Busting Old Sex Roles

By virtue of being same-sex parents, lesbian and gay couples are not shadowed by the traditional sex roles that still ghost heterosexual couples and that can harry single parents who can feel their families are deficient because both genders are not represented.

When both parents are male, who acts as father? When they are both female, does one parent play daddy?

As shown since 1996 in my own studies of two-woman households, homosexual parents have no choice but to roll their own roles -- establishing their own responsibilities based on what suits their characters and temperaments, and what's best for their kids.

A gay man can grin and say ironically, "I'm a really good mother," which may mean that he performs the daily child care in his home, but his comment does not define him as a mom. Nor is a lesbian who coaches her son's hockey team a father. Both are just doing what parents do.

And they are showing us all that we can raise children who believe a parent can do anything.

 
 
 

Follow Dr. Peggy Drexler on Twitter: www.twitter.com/drpeggydrexler

 
 
  • Comments
  • 213
  • Pending Comments
  • 0
  • View FAQ
Comments are closed for this entry
View All
Favorites
Recency  | 
Popularity
Page: 1 2 3  Next ›  Last »  (3 total)
photo
adamben
yes i said yes i will yes
11:49 AM on 04/09/2012
dunno, i think that kids will still hold up "hi mom" signs and mouth those same words when the camera focuses on them for their 5 seconds of fame.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Tizzie Cregan
07:37 AM on 04/08/2012
So my dad skipped out before I can remember what it was for him to live in my house. My mom fullfilled any visible need a father may have filled (I was a text book tomboy and jock, and she taught me all of it), BUT as I have gotten older and had the experience of "grown up" relationships, I have found that for all the wonder my mother provided (and she is still my hero for it) there is something she couldn't give me alone. I find myself in a position where I am at a loss sometimes as to what the man is supposed to do when it comes to a domestic partnership, or parental responsibilities. I tend to take over and do it all simply because that is all I know. It causes a lot of problems for me in a lot of unforseen ways. So with my own daughter, I DO actually state when I am doing "man's work". I am hoping that should she be as independent out of necessity as my mother and I have been, she will still have some basis of knowledge as to how to delegate roles in the home with a man (or woman as the case may be) Everyone needs their role for it to work well, and my life has caused me a lack of understanding as to how to afford the man his proper role.
01:35 PM on 04/08/2012
This idea of a "proper role" is weird to me. In my relationship we have role reversal in many areas. he does the laundry, I do carpentry. It's about what we like to do. The real issue isn't roles, it's a shared partnership where both partners are contributing to the betterment of the whole. It's about knowing when you are doing your share and when you are slacking on your end and then stepping up to correct the situation.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Tizzie Cregan
03:57 PM on 04/08/2012
To simply relate it to chores around the house is an over simplification. Men and women, and consequently mothers and fathers, DO offer something different to a child in direct relation as well as example. You cannot deny the differences, and to do so is contrary to nature. To grow up without one or the other becomes an obstacle to be overcome blindly (and a partner who is patient and accepting of total independence)
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
05:59 AM on 04/08/2012
And, here we go. Pretty soon, we won't be able to celebrate Mother's Day or Fathers Day in this country because it will be replaced with Parents Day in order to make the lesbians and gays feel better. Fluke you.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
bluevistas
11:45 AM on 04/08/2012
Here YOU go, making up stuff, perhaps out of fear. Apparently you have some bias against lesbians and gays as parents.

Culture evolves. Try it. Make friends with some gay and lesbian people, who might also be parents.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
03:07 PM on 04/08/2012
It's already happening. In England, you can't say mom and dad at school. Children must refer to them as their parents. It's not fear, it's strong arming by a minority of people in order to force others to abide by what they want the rest of us to do. That isn't evolution. That's bullying. And, yes, I have gay friends and family members.
photo
adamben
yes i said yes i will yes
11:44 AM on 04/09/2012
i think that the author of the article advocated "parents" day, so i don't think "out'" is making things up, just a little impassioned.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
05:24 PM on 04/07/2012
I suspect there are many ways to raise healthy children. I think this boils down to what type of larger society children have to adapt to and how critical our tribal level connections are. Spartan boys had to deal with very different circumstances than our boys. Raising boys as Spartans today would probably disadvantage them.

This begs the question of what do children need today? My personal opinion - what children need to learn and develop is an ability to tolerate multiple perspectives, an appreciation of the importance of relationships, an ability to be flexible and change based on what may/may not be useful, and a general stance of curiosity regarding others in the world.

These are clearly not gender specific. Thus Peggy's comments are well put regarding Parenting with a capital P vs. being a father or mother.

This is different - it isn't parenting in the sense our parents may have understood it - though if one is able to step back - it includes their parenting approaches. We need to support those who feel threatened by these changes - and value their parenting - even as the notion of parenting itself is changing.

Parents who take parenting seriously - no matter what their general persuasion - deserve commendation.
08:52 PM on 04/06/2012
" Instead of celebrating Mother's Day or Father's Day, some schools are celebrating Parent's Day to accommodate kids from the wide diversity of families today."

Why are some parents neither male nor female? Father is the label given for male parent and mother that of female parent. You can have one or two of either if you like but we don't need to relabel them.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Barbara Saunders
Writer, SF Bay Area transplant from NY
06:08 PM on 04/07/2012
Some schools have skipped Mother's and Father's Day for years due to sensitivity to kids, including those in traditional families, who've lost a parent for some reason. This issue existed before the recent social changes. People left. People died.
05:25 PM on 04/06/2012
The vast majority of species on the planet have two distinct "sexes". Humans are no different. The vast majority of humans fall into two easily classified categories, known for centuries as "male" and "female". The process of creating more humans is well known: you take the "egg" from the female and fertilize it with a sperm from the "male". So far, science has not yet replaced the mechanism that the "female" has inside her body to carry that fertilized egg to full maturity when the birth of the new human occurs. And during the 9 months, the question most often asked is "do you know what you're going to have"? Meaning will it be a boy or girl. Whatever social structures, traditions, or names you layer on top, the physical reality is that there are two distinct and unique sexes of humans. No amount of linguistic engineering can change that fact.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Mark S Raymond
I like facts. Got any?
07:35 PM on 04/06/2012
Thank you for educating us on the facts of biological reproduction and the different roles males and females play. Now what did that have to with raising the offspring?
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
photo
01:18 AM on 04/08/2012
Alas, all too many are incapable of extending their thinking beyond the trivially obvious.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
05:19 PM on 04/06/2012
The article says, "Yes, the terms "mother" and "father" do still usually convey a biological distinction between who inseminates and who gives birth, but the rise of donor insemination and surrogate pregnancies open debate even on that."

Yes, the words mother and father are the words we use to describe female and male parents.... but the real biological differences between human males and females are not open to any silly "debate" disseminated by the PC Police and "diversity" hypocrites who want to make males and females "gender neutral".

In other words, changing the words used to describe male and female parents still doesn't change the FACT that females and males play different biological and psychological roles in reproduction and child rearing.

In other words, just because females can now become a parent (aka a "mother") by artificial insemination, doesn't mean females play the same role as a male parent (aka a "father").
04:29 PM on 04/06/2012
The real trend is moving exactly in the opposite direction because of the exploding field of neuroscience. Imaging technology permits us to examine the brain without opening the skull. Behavioral differences between the sexes are the result of compelling forces set in motion before birth. For a woman, emotional structures in the female are larger than the male, while a male has about 20 times more testosterone than the female. So we're talking about hormonal influences and brain structure. All of these play important roles that make male-female relationships radically different than same-sex relationships -- for children too.
12:15 PM on 04/06/2012
We live in a world where we have two genders. They are different but equal and both bring something to a child that is needed. That is why I think that overall it is best for a child to have one mother and one father. Now that does not mean I object to Gay Marriages. I do not and I am sure in time it will be legal across the country because that is what our secular society wants right now.
That said, we have to realize that gay marriage is one issue and having children and gender roles are another issue. I say that because whether you believe in God or nature or whatever, there is a reason why only one man and one woman can have a child together. Yes, I know there are heterosexuals who either choose not to have a child or for health reason cannot have a child but that is not the case with people who are gay. People who are gay can never have a child together and it is not a choice or a health reason it is their sexuality that is the problem. I do not think that means people who are gay are bad or anything they are not. Just that when it comes to families overall it is better to have one man and one woman. That is the way God wanted it and the way nature has made it for us humans.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
slejames
01:41 PM on 04/06/2012
No, we have two obvious-by-appearances sexes, using the biological definition of the word. And I say "by appearance" because there're exceptions there, like people who're XXY chromosomes, or weak X chromosomes.

GENDER is largely a construct we have and most who research is agree we have a range. What you call "two genders" is your assimilation of false cultural ideas that don't accurately reflect reality or human experience.
02:22 PM on 04/06/2012
That is not true. As I've said before there is plenty of scientific work and research that shows that the male brain and the female brain work differently and respond to situations differently. Not wanting to see that is trying to cover the sun with one finger. Now that doesn't mean that one sex can't perform tasks that usually have been assigned to the other one. But the way they perform things, respond to situations is different. And last, even people with XXY are going to perform under a male brain because they have a Y chromosome, they may not be "normal" because of their genetic disease but the Y does have an influence.
photo
adamben
yes i said yes i will yes
11:48 AM on 04/09/2012
i thought that people with xxy and fragile x syndromes are infertile, as is xo (turners syndrome).
03:36 PM on 04/06/2012
What exactly is a "male brain" and a "female brain"? The fact is that we all have individual personalities as well as interests and talents. It sounds to me like your real desire to have one man and one woman to have children is in the hopes that they will raise them in gender stereotyped roles so that girls won't play sports and boys won't cook because it could make them gay.
11:45 AM on 04/06/2012
Understand the farther/mother relationship or parents as written but whatabout the future. Who will be the grandmother/father and how will that be accomplished. How are cousins and uncles/aunts determined? Second cousin, great aunt ????.
11:43 AM on 04/06/2012
Geat article, This is some good news among all the bad stuff going on in the world. It's great to see that gender roles are becoming less forced upon people. A former mentor of mine is adopting a child with his long time partner. This change doesn't stop people from choosing traditional gender roles it just allows people to not be trapped by those roles which I think is better for parents and children. Hopefully by the time I'm ready to adopt this will be less of an issue. Any loving family is a good family regardless of what it looks like.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
PresReagan
Wake up America !
10:30 AM on 04/06/2012
This article is saddening. This truly shows what many in society today believe. The family unit and gender roles are just something to experiment with to see what we like, what "we think" makes us happy. Let's re-invent the wheel. There is a historical cycle here and we are heading into the phase that corrupts society and we will eventually become like the great Roman Society that crumbled under its "enlightenment".
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
TraceyES
11:04 AM on 04/06/2012
Intolerance of other people and regressive attitudes like yours are what's killing this country.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
PresReagan
Wake up America !
11:57 PM on 04/06/2012
So by that definition they must have been über tolerant in 1776?
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Freedom Mama
Proud to be an American
08:00 PM on 04/08/2012
So you are tolerant of those who disagree with you???
11:13 AM on 04/06/2012
You miss the point: We are ALL enriched by the expansion of what you call gender roles. If you are a heterosexual man who rather be teaching kids in pre-school than coaching football in high school you will not have to fight the stereotypes and face questions... that will make you happier and more productive, therefore society as a whole will be more adjusted, happier and more productive.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
PresReagan
Wake up America !
11:56 PM on 04/06/2012
Not relevant, that is a minor issue within a gender role. It has nothing to do with women and men confusing their specific roles.
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
miamorphos
10:06 AM on 04/06/2012
Well, I am supportive of same-sex parenting entirely. But I wonder if it's necessary to obliterate gender differences here? A child with two fathers or two mothers would have two parents of the same gender, and one might be more gender-normative in presentation/performance, while the other not so much. It makes total sense that people would want to be themselves in their home.
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
realityoccasionally
pro gun = pro death
09:49 AM on 04/06/2012
i am a happily married husband/father. my wife works the afternoon shift, 2pm to 9pm so i primarily take care of my daughter. i feed her, take her clothes shopping, perform the entire 'bedtime ritual', look after her 11 year old concerns and discuss real life with her daily. as a 40 year old man, i'm raising my girl just fine and neither of us are confused about who we are. want to know why?
we have functioning brains and we use them. intelligence and curiosity will always win out. gender-stereotyping is lazy analysis.
11:03 AM on 04/06/2012
You are completely right! I also think, in addition to being intellectually lazy, that gender stereotyping is thinly veiled contempt and judgement for people who live differently from a pre-conceived social norm. I think we need to think about why the rigidity of gender roles is of such great importance for some people...what do they fear?
photo
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
Mark Mickey
Everyday, in Every way, live love.
11:32 AM on 04/06/2012
I agree with you 100% realityoccasionally! As parents, we do what needs to be done. It's as simple as that. Complicating things by labeling what "should" be done by the "mom" or what "should" be done by the "dad" just ties our hands in raising our children. As parents, we need to look at our individual strengths, weaknesses, and abilities and we need to step in where we have strengths, step back and allow our partner to step in where they have strengths, and, particularly in single parent homes, sometimes find friends or family members who can fill in the gaps we might have as a single parent. The most important thing is that we take active roles as parents to raise our children as responsibly as we possibly can.
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
05:06 PM on 04/07/2012
Agree entirely - F&F ...
HUFFPOST SUPER USER
DavEsch
09:31 AM on 04/06/2012
...how about, love your children and put them before you... and if you can't do that... don't have children. it won't make you bad, just responsible. it's alot easier than defining social roles and gender roles and what we should be socially defining our gender roles upon...