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Rabbi Jason Miller

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Moving Beyond Denominational Differences in Judaism

Posted: 10/16/10 08:26 AM ET

As a 30-something rabbi, I've noticed that denominational labels were much more important for our parents' and grandparents' generations than they are for us. Today's 20- and 30-year-olds are searching for meaning in religion and are not very concerned with the names of movements or synagogues.

Rabbi Naftali Rothenberg, an Orthodox rabbi, recently wrote an Op-Ed in The New York Jewish Week entitled "Time To End The Reform-Orthodox Wars." He was responding to Israeli chief rabbi Shlomo Amar's attack on Reform Jews and his pressure on the Israeli government to prevent involvement of non-Orthodox movements in state and religion affairs.

I was pleased to read Rothenberg's perspective that it is time for Orthodox Jews to "build bridges of cooperation [to Reform and Conservative Jews] for the sake of the entire people of Israel and its future" without compromising principles or "fidelity to a life of Torah and mitzvoth."

My own sense is that despite some animosity toward other denominations of Judaism, which is often bred on ignorance, there is actually much tolerance and understanding among fellow Jews. We are moving toward a Jewish community in which the borders that separate the denominations are becoming blurred.

Rothenberg recognizes the need to bridge the vast abyss between his brand of Orthodoxy and the more progressive streams of modern Judaism, but he remains concerned that the depths of antipathy will make this too difficult. I disagree.

We live in a time when a Jewish person's Facebook profile identifies her religion as "Recon-newel-ortho-conserva-form." This combination of religious denominations does not demonstrate confusion or haziness, but rather the realization that there is "meaning" to be made from the various pathways to Torah.

I knew when I decided to become a rabbi that the Conservative Movement's Jewish Theological Seminary would be the right place for my training. I had been raised in Conservative Judaism, studying at Hillel Day School of Metropolitan Detroit, and honing my leadership skills in United Synagogue Youth, the movement's youth program. However, it was in rabbinical school that I came into contact with the other "flavors" of Judaism, praying each Shabbat at an Orthodox shul, engaging in Torah study with a Reconstructionist rabbi and training as a hospital chaplain with a Reform rabbinical student.

My first job after graduating rabbinical school was at the University of Michigan Hillel Foundation, an institution that offers five different Shabbat service options. On any given Friday evening I could find myself in a Reform havurah, a Conservative minyan, an egalitarian gathering with separate seating or a traditional Orthodox service. From week to week, I saw many students sampling the various options, less concerned with ideological labels than with finding a comfort level that spoke to them spiritually, intellectually and communally. They were in search of meaning, not a denominational brand.

Last year, I traveled to New York City several times to be part of a fellowship with rabbinic colleagues spanning the denominations. We gathered every few months to study Torah together, to pray together and to dialogue about the important issues of the day. As part of Clal's Rabbis Without Borders program, we found a safe space to share our distinct viewpoints on a host of topics -- from faith perspectives on healing to the economy's effect on religion to the role of music in prayer. We might not have all agreed on how the Torah was revealed to the Jewish people in the desert thousands of years ago, but we each managed to share our Jewish wisdom through the medium of Torah.

Denominational labels are becoming far less important in the 21st century as the borders have blurred. While I may be a card-carrying Conservative rabbi, I work for Tamarack Camps, a Jewish camping agency that serves the entire community, from the unaffiliated to the religious. I lead a Reconstructionist synagogue, Congregation T'chiyah, in which my more traditional practices and beliefs are not compromised, but are respected and admired. I teach teens on Monday nights at Temple Israel, one of the largest Reform congregations in the world. I run a kosher certification business in which I demand the highest levels of kashruth compliance to meet the requirements of our faith and the needs of our community.

Looking beyond the borders that divide our Jewish community is not always easy or comfortable. After all, there are real differences that set us apart. There are always going to be political and ideological conflicts that keep us from praying together or eating together. But we must always seek to dialogue with civility and come together over the issues on which we can agree. A Reform Passover seder may differ greatly from an Orthodox one, but the context is the same: We are all recalling the days our people spent in slavery. Neither Pharaoh nor Hitler differentiated between Reform, Conservative or Orthodox Jews.

Rabbi Jason Miller is a blogger (http://blog.rabbijason.com), kosher supervisor (http://koshermichigan.com) and Jewish educational entrepreneur. He is the rabbi of Tamarack Camps and the spiritual leader of Congregation T'chiyah, both located in Michigan.

 

Follow Rabbi Jason Miller on Twitter: www.twitter.com/rabbijason

As a 30-something rabbi, I've noticed that denominational labels were much more important for our parents' and grandparents' generations than they are for us. Today's 20- and 30-year-olds are searchi...
As a 30-something rabbi, I've noticed that denominational labels were much more important for our parents' and grandparents' generations than they are for us. Today's 20- and 30-year-olds are searchi...
 
 
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
curiousdwk
Global Citizen. Not Democratic, not Republican, n
05:40 PM on 10/18/2010
This article makes sens as long as "we" and "here" are understood to be "Americans" and "America". However this article makes no sense given the denominational climate in Israel There, the Conservatives have control and are not about to share that control with anyone but Conservatives - even to the point of deciding the question "Who is a Jew?" In Israel, it makes a great deal of difference which denomination you are in even to the point that it makes a great deal of difference how you were born.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
RabbiJason
Excited to be a part of the faith community of the
08:43 PM on 10/18/2010
Yes, I wrote this article as an American Jew and an American rabbi. Israel is a more nuanced situation. Some would even contend that there is more friction between Jews precisely because the denominational camps aren't as pronounced there. In Israel, the situation is more religious versus secular with no dialogue between the two groups. In America, the denominations that are not the extremes (namely: Reform, Reconstructionist, Conservative, and Modern Orthodox) are able to dialogue about important issues. There is respect for the differences that divide these movements but ultimately they all come together over communal issues (Israel, financial support for day schools, anti-Semitism, Federations, JCCs, hunger, etc.).
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GraphicMatt
Somebody make me a sandwich!
02:11 PM on 10/20/2010
No, the Orthodox have control. There is a huge difference between Orthodox and Conservative Judaism.
08:16 AM on 10/18/2010
The reason women have been kept out of the priesthood has to do with Jewish men's fear of "ritual impurity", because men did not understand that menstruation was not a disease, women were kept from going "behind the altar" for centuries. Jesus healed a woman with menses and included women in his ministry; he eradicated the belief in "ritual impurity" and the tradition of male-only should have died out.

Those that persist in saying women are 2ndary are following Aristotle, not Christ; Aristotle believed men's semen contained ALL of the genetic information necessary for life and women were just a vessel; Aristotle actually believed that female babies were male babies with faulty genes. For this reason, girl babies were set out to die of exposure...

Women WERE priests in the 1st and 2nd as murals in catacombs prove. Research the early catacombs, like that of Priscilla in Rome. You will see female priest in "Franco Panis." And not all paintings of the last supper are devoid of women, either, as this one in Cremona proves. Go to youtube and type in: “A Woman in the Last Supper in Cremona.”

The Kabbalah and its focus on ten energy fields is identical to the chakra system and it has nailed the problem: "Where there is unbalanced force (male and female) there is EVIL." The exaltation of patriarchy instead of egalitarianism cannot be justified with any rationale besides: "We've always done it that way."
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chaya
Another proud veteran
02:17 PM on 10/18/2010
What are you talking about? And why are you talking about it?

There is no Jewish priesthood. Jewish women are not secondary. What do Aristotle and "Christ" have to do with this article? Why are you talking about female Christian priests? And why are you dragging the Kabbalah into it?

Did you just get confused and post comments to the wrong article?
11:32 PM on 10/27/2010
Are you telling me you don't recognize Aaron as the first Jewish priest or the numerous kosher and dietary restrictions? Where do you think those came from?
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N Timothy Aho
06:54 AM on 10/18/2010
Why stop at looking beyond borders in denominations? Jeremy Rifkin's talk @ TED suggests there is a next level for those who identify as Jew: http://www.ted.com/talks/jeremy_rifkin_on_the_empathic_civilization.html
11:14 AM on 10/18/2010
Saw it. I think the basic problem w/ it is that identities are necessarily about specificity. The expansion of identities does expand our universe of whom we can have empathy. But there is a cost: In a finite world with my finite time, if I have empathy for everybody I really have empathy for nobody. For example, should I be more concerned about thousands dying by flood in Pakistan, about my neighbor that might be contemplating suicide? How do we reckon this? Everybody suffers and the gift of smaller identities is that we don't have to rank the suffering to offer help - if they are in our group we will extend a hand even if they aren't "as deserving".
10:11 PM on 10/17/2010
thanks to Rabbi Jason Miller for sharing his faith and the divisions between orthodox and reform Judaic adherents.

Judaism, like most religions has sects offshoots and some traditional Jewish rites of passage that transcend faith and show through study of past history how faith changes and grows with time or can fade and disintegrate over time, depending on the merits of it's tenets of following.

Tenets of faith can be diverse and quite opposed to each other and yet the adherents of differing Judaic forms need not be separated by these disparities in doctrinal approaches to a goof life of study and prayer that yields a happy person in a balanced relationship with their community.

Judaic forms of worship are quite diverse and the political applications of these forms also differing in their judgments of certain Israeli cultural affinities and feelings about the Palestinians. What can be shared by such disciples of differing dogmas is faith, always faith, which should be reinforced by fellowship, never leading to doubt fear of rejection or a sense of being carried along by a crowd and not feeling individually invested in the articles of faith as delineated by Rabbis.

Human beings who respect every brother and sister no matter their current station in life is the desired result of faith and religion. If religion steers us away from mutual respect for different religions or non religious beliefs we fail to be as God made us creatures of free will.Humans deserve their free will.
07:43 PM on 10/17/2010
It's always interesting to see how many replies to an article advocating treating others with respect (either within one's own faith or between people of other faiths) consist of attacks on religious people and religion in general for encouraging hatred and violence. Granted there's a long history of that among many religions, but there are so many people out there from all religions trying to put a stop to it. It's disturbing that those people and their efforts don't get any respect or encouragement.

You don't have to believe in what the authors of these types of articles do, but when they advocate mutual respect, tolerance, and benevolence, and condemn hatred and hostility between religions and followers of the same religion, I think those attempts at positive change should be encouraged.

(It's also disturbing how many of those attacks are based on misconceptions of the religion that the author follows or that the article focuses on).
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
RabbiJason
Excited to be a part of the faith community of the
11:04 PM on 10/17/2010
El Quahooga: Important observation you make. I suppose that as the author I could say that these attacking comments by my fellow Jews only proves that we still have a little way to go in seeking harmony within our faith.

The sentence in my post above that many commentators seemed to overlook is: "My own sense is that despite some animosity toward other denominations of Judaism, which is often bred on ignorance, there is actually much tolerance and understanding among fellow Jews."

Most Orthodox Jews who demean, insult and criticize the progressive streams of Judaism are often ignorant of the Jewish laws about which they're criticizing. Or, they are not comfortable in their own skin. In fact, many of them are ba'alei teshuva -- meaning that they were, at one time, not observant and now are. They often display animosity toward fellow, less-observant Jews as a "I'm now holier than thou" mentality.

Those who attack fellow Jews seem to forget such important ethics in Judaism as derekh eretz (kindness), "do unto others....," and the Talmud's concept of "gadol k'vod habriot shedocheh lo ta'aseh shebaTorah"--the principle that human dignity is so important that it can override negative commandments in the Torah.
07:19 AM on 10/18/2010
If you believe that the Torah that you have within your hands today is 100% the original Words of God unaltered than how can you say something in it is a negative commandment? What do you mean by negative? And if you believe that God is The Most Wise and The Most Just and All-Knowing then how can you believe that humans can override any commandments in His Book that He revealed as guidance.

What are these Rabbis' proofs from the Torah that God wants you to override His Commandments when you personally feel they counter human dignity? Don't you think it is an insult to God that you would think any one of His Commandments is counter to human dignity?

Do you believe yourselves to be more dignified and more concerned about human dignity or the One who revealed the Torah?
10:17 AM on 10/18/2010
As a not-terribly-religious Jew who was reared in the Conservative tradition, prays in an Orthodox shul (It's the closest to my home and, at a time of disaster in my life, they provided me with both spiritual and physical aid) and who counts a Chasidic rabbi among his closest of friends, thank you for both the column and this comment
11:08 AM on 10/17/2010
Let me get this straight. You are asking me if I belive in God. My understanding is that God greated each of the 10 billion stars and their planets in our Universe, and that He/She also created each of the 10 billion universes. I have to admit I don't have enough brain cells to wrap around that question. The question is basically like asking an earthworm if it believes in Quantum Mechanics, there just aren't enogh neurons in the brain to fathom such a question. Hell, I don't even know how my toilet works and you're asking me if I believe in God! Gimme a break!!!!!
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TheWM
aka The Wrong Monkey
12:15 PM on 10/17/2010
Well I know how toilets work, and I know a little about quantum theory too, and -- oh never mind.

http://thewrongmonkey.blogspot.com/
10:07 PM on 10/17/2010
"Let me get this straight. You are asking me if I belive in God."

Um...I don't see the author asking that anywhere in this article. So I'd have to say no, he's not.
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
RabbiJason
Excited to be a part of the faith community of the
08:26 AM on 10/25/2010
Belief in God is a private matter in my opinion. I don't believe that I've ever asked anyone if they believe in God. Some people may tell me that they don't believe in God, or more likely, tell me about their doubts, but that is theology (and not the subject I dealt with in this post). I'm actually surprised how many self-described "atheists" are active readers in the religion section of HuffPo. It seems that they may not believe in God, but haven't sworn off religious dialogue either.
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Ichor
09:33 AM on 10/17/2010
We have been blathering - much of the blathering has been called scholarship - about the unanswerable questions which religion pretends to answer since we first walked upright. Yet, the homeless illiterate possesses as much knowledge of god(s) and life after death as all the scholars in all the universities of the world. If answers to the question most fundamental to religion, that of death, has not been advanced one jot, one tittle, in ten thousand years, what is the point of further pursuit? Yeah, it's an industry that pays well... but, beyond that, what justification? Let's be humble enough to say: If there is a god, fine! He will find me. If there isn't a god... well, I'm comfortable with that, too. But, let's stop the semantics, which is what all religion is, and get on with life - and death. In a real sense.
08:54 AM on 10/17/2010
Your last sentence is very powerful. We are all one and we serve the one God. Just as we have many different faces and facets, so does He/She. May we all celebrate these differences with love and peace.
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Dolphinfan65
The Revolution is happening NOW!!
09:04 AM on 10/17/2010
Amen!! to that
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HUFFPOST BLOGGER
RabbiJason
Excited to be a part of the faith community of the
09:04 PM on 10/18/2010
Very nice. Thank you.
isadora
Leftie, educator, labor activist, Unitarian Univer
08:12 AM on 10/17/2010
I wonder how this will work in Israel where the Ultra Orthadox group pretends it is a majority. The world witnesses this group's antics as it reveals its impossible hard line backed up by ugly behavior when it doesn't get its way. They had a prime minster who gave them their way on many things to the detriment of businesses. And then there's this group's view of women. Any women out there want their heads shaved? To have to, when married, wear a wig in public so as not to "draw looks" from any men but their husbands? This is so backward and so sexist. Nice to read some good and hopeful attitudes in this story, but how about getting after these hard line good old boys.
01:25 PM on 10/18/2010
While I'm NOT Orthodox and I think the wearing of a sheitl is hopelessly outdated, there ARE women who willingly take part in that tradition
08:03 AM on 10/17/2010
Man is a Religious Animal. He is the only Religious Animal. He is the only animal that has the True Religion--several of them. - "The Lowest Animal" by Mark Twain
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bigmacha
Truth through research.
03:43 PM on 10/18/2010
In religion and politics people's beliefs and convictions are in almost every case gotten at second-hand, and without examination, from authorities who have not themselves examined the questions at issue but have taken them at second-hand from other non-examiners, whose opinions about them were not worth a brass farthing.

- Autobiography of Mark Twain
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HUFFPOST SUPER USER
TooLooze
Someone should do something about all the problems
07:50 AM on 10/17/2010
How arrogant to think we know what God is or what he.she/it wants.... Even the most fundamentalist sects of religions have evolved over time. It is one thing to celebrate and remember tradition and quite another to worship hand picked segments of it.
05:28 AM on 10/17/2010
Given the way the non-Jewish world treats Jews, you'd have to be crazy to fight amongst yourselves. But the Orthodox are as close to fundamentalism as Judaism has, and fundatmentalism is always bad. There's no doubt in my mind they are a bigger part of the problem than the Reformed/Conservative.
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iblogleft
Certifiable
03:06 AM on 10/17/2010
Maybe if they could agree not to believe, they would be saved from this petty bickering and start helping all humans live better.

Faith in humanity is better than faith in "............".
04:38 AM on 10/17/2010
I find it disturbing that this post was flagged as abusive.
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TheWM
aka The Wrong Monkey
12:12 PM on 10/17/2010
I don't believe in God myself, but it seems to me that a non-believer might try to come up with a more substantive argument than just, "Hey! Stop believing! For the sake of mankind!"

Where is the believer who's going to be swayed by that? It seems to me most would be either offended or merely amused.

C'mon, atheists! We can do better!

Now give me 50 squat-thrusts! Down-out-in-up, down-our-in-up, hey-hoo-ho-ho, hey-hoo-ho-ho....

http://thewrongmonkey.blogspot.com/
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Joe Bigg
AH! He's a Socialist!
04:58 AM on 10/17/2010
I second the concerns of 1980 2 infinity, I do not see how anyone would flag this post as offensive.

I find it as a logical point of view that should be addressed.

Maybe the person who flagged this post needs to rethink their own values instead of just flagging.
07:23 AM on 10/17/2010
Probably flagged by someone who speaks out of both sides of their mouth, you know, a hypocrite. Like most, everything is alright as long as you believe what I believe.
09:22 AM on 10/17/2010
It shouldn't be flagged, but I think the comment serves no useful purpose. It gratuitous and, ironically, proselytizing. "Agree not to believe"? Really? If you read an article about the debate in baseball about instant replay, do you think it makes any sense to comment "Hey baseball is boring, switch to football", or "Sports are a waste of money, help the poor instead"?
This user has chosen to opt out of the Badges program
01:23 AM on 10/17/2010
The challenge is essentially educational. Reform Jews are vastly uneducated with respect to the basics of Torah commandments observance. They need crash courses to get them up to speed.
However, it needs to be stated that aspects of Orthodox "customs observance" are not required: such modes of black on white dress, the various felt type hats, swaying during praying, Yiddish...
02:01 AM on 10/17/2010
Is it because they are "uneducated" Reform Jews aren't strict observers of Torah commandments... or because they have better things to do?
09:23 AM on 10/17/2010
If they "have better things to do" then they can't engage in the intellectual argument. So then authority is indeed ceded to those with more knowledge.
04:51 AM on 10/17/2010
I agree that Reform Judaism would benefit from more Hebrew education, more Hebrew history, more Jewish consciousness. That said, Orthodoxy isn't necessarily the way, either. Just for starters: Orthodox Judaism (in all its differing facets) is the product of a historic process...and it wasn't the ONLY form of Jewishness; it is a descendent of the Pharisee faction after the first century CE and has evolved over time. There is much that is beautiful and admirable in the Orthodox way...but it is NOT the only Jewish path, not for everybody. I know many secular Jews who 'get it' better than some religious Jews. The trick is learning to coexist to our mutual benefit, and the world's.
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Dolphinfan65
The Revolution is happening NOW!!
09:07 AM on 10/17/2010
Great post
12:55 AM on 10/17/2010
Looking beyond the border I wonder -- what about gender apartheid? Where does that fit into the all-one love fest?