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The Gender Gap in Motherhood


"How can you leave your children?" It was the question leveled at me when I was away from my children for four months to interview the atomic bomb survivors in Japan. I heard it again, when I was facing divorce and my husband and I had to decide what was best for the children. We decided that he would keep primary physical custody and, as a joint legal custodian, I would move down the block and be a very involved, noncustodial mother. It worked for us. It was the best choice for the children in a time of heartbreak and loss.

But the rest of the world, it seems, could not agree.

An article about my choices that was published on Salon.com generated so much public conversation that it continued on television. Rage on behalf of my not-actually-abandoned children can be extreme. The responses directly to my website split along clear gender lines, and expose our great anxiety, not only about the perfect motherhood ideal that we can't live up to, but also about our transforming family structures and our high divorce rate.

Men -- not all but many -- tend to accuse, call names and threaten me. I am "evil," "worse than Hitler," "trailer trash and a perfect liberal," and other things that don't bear repeating. One told me I was only "created to create." Another man in the Huffington Post comment section made up a whole story about how the Vermont family court stripped me of custody. His comment was eerily authoritative, and entirely impossible: I don't live in Vermont!

These angry men have missed the point. I have not, as one accused, "left my children in an orphanage." On The View, Joy Behar pointed out that if I was a man, we would not be having this conversation, and it's true. When I was separated from my children to do my work, people called my husband "a saint" for taking care of his children. If he had left, and I, as the mother, had stayed behind, people would have asked me how he was doing over there and said how exciting it must be for him to be pursuing the work he loved!

As a noncustodial mother, I am exactly the opposite of a deadbeat dad. I give my children love, time and money. We cook together, do homework, play games and have an old-fashioned "how was your day?" conversation at dinner. Since I work from home, our days start after school, the minute they arrive, not after the traditional workday. They feel like they spend the same amount of time with me as with their dad, probably because our time together is focused, quality time when they are the center of my attention. And still, because I am a woman, people equate this with "leaving."

Women's responses to me have been different. More women than men have written to me directly, and they tell me their stories. Most are supportive, but even those who are not have shared advice or a glimpse into their own lives. So many have offered encouragement and thanked me for telling my truth, and some report, unfortunately, that when they tried to express their support in the comments on an article, they too were attacked in turn. But ambivalence about motherhood and struggles with divorce mark many of these stories. Even women who have dedicated themselves to a more traditional motherhood are sometimes exhausted by the overwhelming demands of the myth of the perfect mother and their role as caretaker in their marriage.

Why do we continue to cling to a dream that is increasingly impossible in a society where approximately half our children live with divorced parents, single moms, grandparents, LGBT parents and single dads? Partly, I think, because of our wish for unconditional, all encompassing love, much like the fairytale of the prince on the white horse coming to rescue the beautiful maiden. Love is essential, of course, and so is caretaking. The problem is that, in our society, we put the full responsibility for providing it on the woman. Our mothers are our knights in shining armor: our prince.

It has become clear, in my conversations with women, that too many are functioning as sole caretaker: caring for children, spouses, clients or patients at work if they do work, and then elderly parents as time moves on. Their needs wait until everyone else's are satisfied. Some women embrace this role and do it with love, but that doesn't make them less exhausted and ambivalent. It is this "role" that I was rejecting when I said I didn't want to be a "mother," but many people have put different words into my mouth, claiming that I do not want my children. This is wrong. These two things are not at all the same. But the misunderstanding is very important to look at. If we let the all-encompassing role of "mother caregiver" be the equivalent to love, there is no way to make changes and improve the situation for women.

My family is trying to recreate itself in love, honesty and support of every member in it-- adults and children alike. I love my sons and they know it. Like many divorced parents, I don't sleep in the same house with them, but that does not mean I am evil or human garbage. Roles and gender expectations, aside, the opinions that matter are the ones voiced by the people who see my family in action. Like the high school counselor at my sons' middle school who told me last week that my former husband and I were the best co-parents she has ever seen.

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03:46 PM on 04/14/2011
The outrage is something that completely escapes me. If a child is clothed, fed, nurtured, educated and loved, does it matter who her parents are, how many she has and whether they live with her? I dare suggest that there are plenty of other parents who have done far more atrocious things to their children than what's been described here. Read my take as a guest blogger on Salt & Nectar here: http://saltandnectar.wordpress.com/2011/04/14/guest-post-the-good-mother-selfless-or-selfish/#comment-450.

The Outlaw Mom
(http://www.theoutlawmom.com)
11:55 PM on 03/29/2011
THINGS WE HAVE TO DO JUST FOR A DAMN PAYCHECK.......back in the days life didnt make you choose carrier or family...family values were there.there was a set of norms and rules...yeah it was crazy but it isnt better now either.
women work bring food on table these days....it sad truth.
06:36 PM on 03/21/2011
Let me turn this around. As a father I find it upsetting when people treat me as a less important parent than my wife. In my world view children need a mother and a father equally. But in so many little ways men are constantly told that women take care of children and men are not really needed. Some of it stems from a political correctness aimed at not making single mums feel bad but it also comes in large part from many men *not* wanting to be involved in bringing up their children. I try hard not to be that way myself but I won't deny it happens.

Women are believed to be loving and responsible. Certain abusive people judged Ms Rizzuto's actions against that high standard and wrongly found fault. That's awful and I condemn any abuse she received. But it seems to me that men are expected to be lazy, selfish and irresponsible, especially towards children. And yes that means people are surprised and delighted when a man takes care of his kids. But honestly, I find being judged against such an insultingly low standard to be pretty offensive. I'd rather fail at hitting a high standard than succeed at a low one.

I guess my message is this. Yes it's upsetting to be treated differently than men in this but please be careful what you wish for. Being assumed to be selfish and useless isn't a bed of roses either. I'd trade places in a heartbeat.
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mrsL
marriage & motherhood with mirth and grace
03:09 PM on 03/21/2011
"Love is essential, of course, and so is caretaking. The problem is that, in our society, we put the full responsibility for providing it on the woman. Our mothers are our knights in shining armor: our prince."


But here's the thing - knights are noble and inspiring. Traditional motherhood and fatherhood is also inspiring because it's about total love between spouses and for the family. That's what inspires children and can make us better as a society. That's what people look up to.

I think we could use more inspiration in this day and age.
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Rita Foster
02:55 PM on 03/21/2011
I think she's brave to tell it! Kudos. Why can't men be caregivers...why are we stuck with that job....if her husband is better suited then why not? Just because a woman has a womb doesnt mean she should be a mom 24 hours a day....I happen to love AND adore being my son's mom more than I loved being married so I divorced. I could not handle being a wife, mother and working. IT'S JUST TOOOOOO MUCH!
01:09 AM on 03/21/2011
I was raised by my father and visited my mother regularly. This was in the 70s when such arrangements were rare. I remember people who would cross to the other side of the street when they saw my mother because that's how awful they saw her. One lady called me to tell me how selfish my mother was and she also said I was an ungrateful daughter for continuing to see my mother. If I really loved my father and understood all he'd done for me, I wouldn't speak to my mother ever again. So, I can tell you who I hated, and it wasn't my mother--who loved me even though she hadn't wanted a child. I wonder what the children of Rahna will think of the people who attack their mother?
11:42 PM on 03/20/2011
You're caught in the cross hairs of the feminist movement. On the one hand, you are expected to work and to work hard. On the other hand, you're also expected to be the custodial parent, as the father couldn't possibly be right for your children. You're supposed to be Super Mom and your ex-husband is supposed to be Deadbeat Dad.

The View is wrong. If you were a man, they'd wonder why you had custody of the kids. You wouldn't be invited on the View in the first place.
11:01 PM on 03/20/2011
Ms. Rahna, what a brave and rational woman you are. I applaud your decision of keeping in touch with your sons and to trust your ex-husband to take care of them if you both think he can do a good job in being the primary caretaker. It's time to debunk this notion that men are inadequate to be the primary caretaker whereas women have some inherent right or superiority to be. Many women are more afraid of what other people think instead of doing what's better for their children. The latter sometimes involves delegating the primary care-taking responsibilities to the other spouse.
08:31 PM on 03/20/2011
Good for you! I laud your bravery for doing what is right even though it contradicts revered (and more typically obeyed) social convention.

For me this article hits the nail on the head twice.

Firstly, when you say "The problem is that, in our society, we put the full responsibility for providing it (love/caretaking) on the woman. " I believe life for all Americans - especially children - would be improved if all fathers had permission to/were held responsible for greater participation in the rearing of their children and the maintenance of their households.

And then secondly when you state: "If we let the all-encompassing role of 'mother caregiver' be the equivalent to love, there is no way to make changes and improve the situation for women." Again, I agree it is women who need help most in this situation but I also see that children and fathers can benefit tremendously by a more equitable sharing of parenting and homemaking participation (maybe more than most men dare to dream).

Maybe less work might get done... maybe. However, I think the improvement we'd see in our children and families would more than compensate.

Thank you for making your brave choices and for so eloquently sharing them with the general public. I imagine you are more of an inspiration than you know.
03:08 PM on 03/20/2011
I was raised by a stay-at-home father and a mother who, as a physician, spent most of her waking hours at work. They had (and continue to have) a great relationship, but I'm sure that if they had separated, my sister and I would have lived with our father. I consider myself truly blessed to have had such a nurturing and supportive parent (who I still, at the age of 23, call almost every day). Some feminist abhor the idea of stay-at-home mothers. I don't. I think everyone should be able to make their own choices regarding what's best for themselves and for their children. I just look forward to a day when fathers have just as much freedom to be the primary caretaker as mothers do and when stay-at-home dads are not stigmatized as "lazy" or "deadbeats," and mothers who choose to focus on their careers are not criticized for stepping out of their place or abandoning their children. Ms. Rizzuto, I applaud you for your honesty. This will be a difficult battle to fight, given that these gender stereotypes are deeply ingrained, but the more we talk about it, the more we can spread awareness that families with "reversed gender roles" can be just as healthy and nurturing for children as more "traditional" family structures.
12:51 PM on 03/20/2011
A lot of parents, of both genders, wallow in psychotic kiddie angst. I'm betting that lot of the condemnation Ms. Rizzuto experienced came from women as well as men...in addition to the general background level of angry commenting that any website experiences, regardless of subject.

In my experience, kids are overrated, and a lot of parents positively wallow in kiddie angst. But children are a lot more resilient than parents and pundits seem to think. They don't need to be surrounded by a constant nurturing bubble, and in fact, I think that in most cases it inhibits their maturation and development.
recless
Evidence first. Believe later. Maybe.
01:20 AM on 03/21/2011
Agreed. Part of the responsibilities of being a parent are to prepare the child for the world, and it is an ugly world at times. It is best to get that realization in their heads before you toss them to the wolves.
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Amy Fleischer
04:50 AM on 03/20/2011
I think you failed to mention that you NEVER wanted children, and in spite of everything, still had them for your husband...

You can make as many excuses as you want, but the fact remains the same. Children can have a fully functioning loving family, however their situation is, but it is a completely different sentiment when the parent didn't want to bear the children in first place.

Still, I have to hand it to you...you rephrase your excuses well. Give yourself a pat on the back for successfully BSing parenthood.
02:33 PM on 03/20/2011
False. Unplanned pregnancies happen all the time to people who aren't even in a committed relationship to begin with. Accidents happen, even to people who never wanted children. It doesn't mean they can't love them once those children are born.
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Amy Fleischer
04:25 PM on 03/20/2011
And I quote: "It raised a little issue for me that I have neglected to mention: I never wanted to be a mother. [...] Yet their father wanted a family. He begged. He promised to take care of everything; he removed every possible obstacle I could think of. He would be the primary caretaker if I would just have them."

There was NOTHING unplanned about these pregnancies, and even if there was, she admits that she didn't want children because she was "afraid of being swallowed up" by them... in essence, giving herself up wholly to care for another human being. I guess that part is too hard for her.

She was in a committed relationship, since she was 17, but at the first taste of freedom, she bailed. As she puts it, "we destroyed our marriage in less time than it takes a credit card company to report you for nonpayment."

That's her fault too.

As the vows go, "[...] I promise to be true to you in good times and in bad, in sickness and in health. I will love you and honor you all the days of my life. [...] to have and to hold, from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, until death do us part."

Apparently, none of this, in marriage or parenthood, applies to her. Therefore, neither does my sympathy.
12:14 PM on 03/21/2011
It doesn't matter when the pregnancy was unplanned or unwanted. If you follow through with having a baby, you need to follow through with raising the baby.
11:53 PM on 03/19/2011
I agree with Joy Behar's comment that if a man was in your shoes, going for a job in another country leaving you to take care of the kids, no one would blink an eye. I think women still have a long way to go when it comes to equality with men. These issues and conversations need to be happening more often to shed some light on this inequality and bring in more awareness and acceptance!
09:15 AM on 03/20/2011
But what she said is blatantly untrue. Perhaps in the world of Hollywood going off for months is the norm, but if any Dad from our extended friends and family voluntarily went off for four months to find himself or take on a job that wasn't necessary most would judge him as selfish and a bad father. There would be plenty of blinking.

Yes, men or woman would be given slack if it was believed that they had to go in order to keep their job, but if you're doing it to put yourself before your kids, people are justifiably going to judge you -- gender besides the point.
11:47 AM on 03/20/2011
It is indeed the norm for many members of the armed forces. It's not just the "world of Hollywood."

Who are you to decide whether a job is "necessary"?

Leaving children with a competent and loving parent to work is not neglect, selfish or bad.
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mrsL
marriage & motherhood with mirth and grace
06:14 PM on 03/21/2011
Where I come from people would blink an eye. They'd also be there with offers of help with the kids, food, groceries and any home or care emergencies that come up. In this part of the midwest that would still be a very big deal.
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ninjasrolled
Orbiting a small unregarded yellow sun
08:06 PM on 03/19/2011
I was JUST having a conversation with a friend last night about me not wanting kids. He has a one year old and is really happy. Great. But all he does is harp on and berate me for not wanting to have children. I told him my story about an old friend, whose mother abandoned her and her brother because she never wanted children. This woman always cautioned me to never give in to pressure to have kids. "My mother never wanted kids, and having them didn't change her mind. Now she's gone" Despite the fact that I am just now finishing my degree and have a some really amazing projects ahead of me, he continues his badgering.

Please, please please. It's a lifestyle choice. I don't go haranguing people about adopting dogs, or driving Volvos. Those are things I like, and I wouldn't dream of judging people for having cats or driving an Audi. I see the kid thing as the exact same.

PS - Misery loves company. Could it be that those new parents simply want their "free" friends to be as miserable as them? Do they want me to justify their loss of their former selves by sacrificing mine?
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Fran Jaime
Yo Soy 132!
09:31 PM on 03/19/2011
ninjasrolled, I salute you for your clarity. It is indeed a lifestyle choice. Tell your friend you love him but if he doesn't stop nagging you it's going to seriously hurt your friendship.
10:57 PM on 03/19/2011
Some people just feel like there is only one path in life and it's rather sad. I have a friend and a brother in law who didn't get that my husband and I could care less about having a ornate wedding, owning a late model SUV, buying a house right after the wedding, and starting a family within a year. We did all those things minus the SUVs (and kept the wedding in check), but we did it at our own pace. They just didn't get that we weren't trying to catch up to them. I can't tell you how many times they said "Have your's while everyone else's kids are still little" or "you might have trouble getting pregnant if you wait too long." What's ironic is that we have the most kids of all of them. What's great is they are younger than their kids so we don't have to deal with them that much. LOL

So stay strong, live your life and don't be like this author who had kids even though she knew she didn't want them. She isn't getting much empathy from me because she gave in and wasn't willing to endure the responsibility.
01:57 PM on 03/20/2011
It's the exact same mentality that criticizes people who prefer to raise their families in small city apartments. According to them, children are somehow deprived if they don't have a yard to play in even though in most suburban neighborhoods I've been in, I've almost never seen children playing outside.
07:57 PM on 03/19/2011
Great post. All the hostility is proof that our society still believes that women are babymakers. I expect it to get worse. When I was *considering* leaving my partner, I got no end of garbage over *considering* leaving my daughter with him--the fact that at the time I had minimal use of my hands, couldn't walk, and could not in any way care for a toddler not withstanding. How dare I consider leaving a bad relationship and not take the kid I couldn't care for! The outright hostility and aggression from several men I knew and trusted was crushing.

(Of course in there is the idea that people with disabilities better just take what they get and be happy it's not an institution, but still.)