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Richard Schiffman

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Why People Who Pray Are Healthier Than Those Who Don't

Posted: 01/18/2012 9:46 am

If you want to achieve maximum health, here are a few things that you should do: exercise regularly, eat nutritious and minimally processed foods, drop those extra pounds -- and pray. That's right, regular prayer and meditation has been shown in numerous scientific studies to be an important factor in living longer and staying healthy.

Prayer is the most widespread alternative therapy in America today. Over 85 percent of people confronting a major illness pray, according to a University of Rochester study. That is far higher than taking herbs or pursuing other nontraditional healing modalities. And increasingly the evidence is that prayer works.

It doesn't matter if you pray for yourself or for others, pray to heal an illness or for peace in the world, or simply sit in silence and quiet the mind -- the effects appear to be the same. A wide variety of spiritual practices have been shown to help alleviate the stress levels, which are one of the major risk factors for disease. They also are powerful ways to maintain a positive outlook and successfully weather the trials which come to all of us in life.

The relationship between prayer and health has been the subject of scores of double-blind studies over the past four decades. Dr. Herbert Benson, a cardiovascular specialist at Harvard Medical School and a pioneer in the field of mind/ body medicine discovered what he calls "the relaxation response," which occurs during periods of prayer and meditation. At such times, the body's metabolism decreases, the heart rate slows, blood pressure goes down, and our breath becomes calmer and more regular.

This physiological state is correlated with slower brain waves, and feelings of control, tranquil alertness and peace of mind. This is significant because Benson estimates that over half of all doctor visits in the U.S. today are prompted by illnesses, like depression, high blood pressure, ulcers and migraine headaches, that are caused at least in part by elevated levels of stress and anxiety.

Dr. Andrew Newberg, director of the Center for Spirituality and the Mind at the University of Pennsylvania conducted a study of Tibetan Buddhists in meditation and Franciscan nuns in prayer which showed comparable decreased activity in the parts of the brain that are associated with sense of self and spatial orientation in both groups. He also found that prayer and meditation increase levels of dopamine, which is associated with states of well being and joy.

The effects of spiritual practice appear to be more than just the result of enhanced focus and concentration. Ken Pargement of Bowling Green State University instructed one group of people who suffer migraines to meditate 20 minutes each day repeating a spiritual affirmation, such as "God is good. God is peace. God is love." The other group used a nonspiritual mantra: "Grass is green. Sand is soft." The spiritual meditators had fewer headaches and more tolerance of pain than those who had focused on the neutral phrases.

But are the calming effects of spiritual practice temporary, or do they last even after we get up from the meditation cushion or leave a prayer service to reenter our less than serene lives?

In one National Institutes of Health funded study, individuals who prayed daily were shown to be 40 percent less likely to have high blood pressure than those without a regular prayer practice. Research at Dartmouth Medical School found that patients with strong religious beliefs who underwent elective heart surgery were three times more likely to recover than those who were less religious. A 2011 study of inner city youth with asthma by researchers at the University of Cincinnati indicates that those who practiced prayer and meditation experienced fewer and less severe symptoms than those who had not. Other studies show that prayer boosts the immune system and helps to lessen the severity and frequency of a wide range of illnesses.

A recent survey reported in the Journal of Gerontology of 4,000 senior citizens in Durham, NC, found that people who prayed or meditated coped better with illness and lived longer than those who did not.

But the question remains: By what physiological mechanisms does prayer impact our health? Herbert Benson's most recent research suggests that long term daily spiritual practices help to deactivate genes that trigger inflammation and prompt cell death. That the mind can effect the expression of our genes is exciting evidence for how prayer may influence the functioning of the body at the most fundamental level.

But what about praying for others? On the question of whether intercessionary prayer works, the jury is till out. Slightly over half the research done to date suggests that it helps, wile the rest concludes that there is no measurable effect. Critics of these studies say that there is a big difference between praying more or less mechanically and at a distance for a stranger because a researcher has told you to do so and the heartfelt prayers for friends and relatives which arise spontaneously from within.

Prayer, unlike say the behavior of a rat in a maze, cannot be directly observed, and the subtle effects on self and others are difficult to quantify and assess. Moreover, it would be wrong to view prayer as merely a technique to heal illness and promote physical health.

Spiritual practice aims to connect the individual with God or a Higher Power, to open one to the Divinity dwelling within the self, and to make one fully present to life in the here and now. These are not goals that lend themselves to being measured in double blind experiments. The sense of deep peace and radiant well being that spiritual practitioners in different religious traditions report are also not testable by scientific means.

What science can tell us is that people who pray and meditate trend to be statistically more healthy and live longer than those who do not. Whether these boons are merely unintended side effects of still deeper spiritual benefits remains a matter of faith.

 
 
 
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soma77
Author, Speaker, Retreat Facilitator
10:01 PM on 02/27/2012
A change in consciousness is linked to healing and growth so the mind and body are energized.
http://thinkunity.com
08:47 AM on 02/22/2012
Interesting article but it's slanted towards a belief that not only prayer and meditation can help to alleviate stress and improve health but a belief in a deity is also required. The study that suggests that meditating on a mantra about god is better for help than a non-religious mantra is inconclusive. There should be studies on accomplished meditators who use no mantra at all. I'd like to see data on the good health of people who may practice yoga, meditation, Tai Chi, etc as agnostics or atheists who do not use prayer. Even people who use physical exercise for stress relief compared to people who pray. The stress response is largely psychological, just changing our thinking patterns and learning to breathe deeply, even spending more time in nature can have a tremendous impact on stress levels. I have no problem if some people use prayer as a way to achieve a more relaxed state but I don't believe it's necessary, it's one of many tools.
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thoreau101
07:02 AM on 01/25/2012
Prayer and meditation are two different things. The effects of each can be obtained
in other activities, like diet and exercise.
04:25 PM on 01/22/2012

The Buddha said:

“We are what we think. All that we are arises with our thoughts.
With our thoughts, we make the world.”


So, doesn’t the power of prayer come from positive thoughts?

Buddhists aren’t theists or deists. 
They don’t believe in a Creator God –
but they pray a lot.



I wonder who they’re praying to?

And I wonder who’s listening to their prayers – 
and to everyone else’s prayers?


Isn’t it the ONE Universal Awareness?

And doesn’t the true power of prayer lie in accepting and opening to THAT -
inner Infinite in each of us?
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iskra
Natural enemy of sharks and tro//s
12:54 PM on 01/20/2012
I think what you are alluding to  is the fact that being optimistic and hopeful creates less stress in the body and therefore has benefits. No prayer required, though that may work for some. 

My point is that it's not prayer, it's creating a state of mind at peace which can be achieved through many other techniques as well. 
01:31 PM on 02/19/2012
exactly! your right on . It has noting to do with religion or a god.
TomMartin
Freedom and equality.
04:41 AM on 01/20/2012
I wonder if such prayer only helps if the prayer is believed. I have prayed often for some guidance, for some evidence that there is a God or gods, but so far no answer, so I suspect my prayers have provided me with more frustration than good health.
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Richard Schiffman
05:24 AM on 01/20/2012
Tom, your comment and others to this post show that you may be missing the real point of prayer. Most people assume that we pray to some external deity to grant us a favor, or guidance or proof that it exists. What if we reversed the equation and said that our very desire to pray, to reach out to a higher power, to receive guidance is itself the proof that you are looking for! If God is not outside, but intrinsic to your own self, than praying is not begging favors from some outside force, but opening yourself to the God within you, to the higher powers of guidance and wisdom that are already hidden inside your own psyche. Then prayer would not be the cause of frustration, but a blossoming of your own spirit from within.
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oldstuff
Your micro-bio is empty!
10:41 AM on 01/20/2012
"opening yourself to the God within you, to the higher powers of guidance and wisdom that are already hidden inside your own psyche"

I've done this and found that I've become quite peaceful and serene when I discovered that there is no need for a supernatural/superstitious explanation for anything..
01:57 PM on 01/20/2012
Richard, your comment and articles typify the scientific illiteracy of our country.
You seek a confirmation bias for your conceits, and fail to recognize a difference between correlation and causation.
03:04 AM on 01/20/2012
Prayer: Sending telepathic though messages to an invisible being in the sky, and replies only with voices in your head. That's all it is.

They've done prayer studies with control groups and there has never been any evidence that prayer has any effect on anything. As far as health due to prayer.. at best there couldn't be any more benefit than you would find with meditation or a placebo effect. Both of those are well documented to have beneficial effects. It doesn't support any evidence for a god.
11:59 AM on 02/06/2012
"They've done prayer studies with control groups..."

Who are "they"? Please cite references.
04:26 PM on 02/08/2012
Christians asking for cited references... HAH.. irony.

Here's a quick article on it. It has all the info you need to look up the study results and who exactly the people were involved. I know you won't but there it is.

http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/31/health/31pray.html?pagewanted=all

It even included a few other studies of prayer that pretty much showed the same thing. i hadn't heard of those before but you can look up those citations as well to write in your diary or wherever you keep your list of citations for everyone that ever contradicted what your weekly church pamphlet has taught you. Do enjoy!

OH.. can you provide any citation by a non christian group or payed for by a non christian group that proves the power of prayer? Christians make the claim that prayer works so where's your cite-able evidence and references? Any for the actually existence of god would be greatly appreciated too. Thanks!
01:36 PM on 02/19/2012
We need more people who actually reason about religion than accept everything on FAITH
01:52 AM on 01/20/2012
If threatening them with eternal damnation didn't work... threatening them with poor health surely will, eh?
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taoistpunk
because the monks wouldn't have me..
12:01 AM on 01/20/2012
there are a lot of big names referenced here, but each of the three links i clicked on only led to another semi-mystical page (or a dead end) vaguely mentioning a study rather than leading to an actual study. it is difficult to take such a work seriously.
10:29 PM on 01/19/2012
You have confused cause with correlation. Please retake Science 050.
An alternative, simpler, less fantastic, and more religious (yes more) explanation is that people who pray tend to be healthier because when your life already is living Hell you do not look forward to the next one.

Prayer is for for saying thanks not asking for selfish favors (which is why it is said 'God does not answer prayers.')
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Claude Hosch
A single bracelet does not jingle
05:22 PM on 01/19/2012
I fine that prayer does several things for me: 1) I recognize my powerlessness and stop stressing, 2) I seek the rhythm of my body, 3) I discover the positive aspect of my situation, 4) realize that I can grow from circumstance, 5) and I can let go and be me.

What I don't do is use prayer to seek instant gratification.
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TXanimal
Somewhere between Occam's Razor & Murphy's Law
04:08 PM on 01/19/2012
People generally feel better and experience less stress and anxiety, which exacerbate certain physiological conditions when they practice regular relaxation techniques? Noooo...can't be.
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umbriago
The Tooth Shall Set My Fee
12:33 PM on 01/19/2012
Can "prayer" be defined? How is it studied?
GHarry
Kitty wrangler
12:26 PM on 01/19/2012
What an appalling rationalization of primitive superstition. It never ceases to amaze me that people can find the most ridiculous excuses for clinging to primitive tribal behavior. Those "studies" Schiffman cites are extremely dubious at best because they rely on subjective evaluations rather than precisely measurable data and so are nearly useless. In any case, prayer is merely a childish behavior, an appeal to supernatural beings whose existence is not supported by a shred of evidence. What's more, reliance on prayer instead of medicine kills several people per year in America alone, not to mention the rest of the world. It's just part of the horrific toll on humanity taken by religious beliefs and practices. No civilized person should promote such activity.
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06:29 PM on 01/19/2012
While there is more research to be done for sure, stress levels and imune system strength can be measured. If those are being measured then the study is using measurable data and is far from useless. Also, Schiffman never advocates using prayer alone, he says it can help. That means using medicine and prayer may be more effective then medicine alone.

There might be no evidence of God but there is no evidince that there is no God. Your claims that prayer is a "primitive tribal behavior" and that "no civilized person should promote such activity" don't even have studies attached and could also be called "nearly useless" as well.
GHarry
Kitty wrangler
07:58 PM on 01/19/2012
You just proved my point about people going to ridiculous lengths to cling to superstitious beliefs. There is no evidence that there is NO God? Is that your argument? Well, there also is no evidence that there are no leprechauns. Should we assume that the little people are hiding under our coffee tables? By your reasoning we should. There also is no evidence that there is no Santa Claus. Should we resume leaving out cookies and milk on Dec. 24, just as we did when we were kids? By your reasoning, yes. Logic 101 tells us that one can't prove a negative, and when discussing the existence of God one doesn't have to. The very idea is silly and should not be entertained seriously by anyone over age 6.
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David4FreePress
I am a volunteer, Tong Ren distant energy healer.
10:44 AM on 01/19/2012
IMHO, prayer and meditation are two closely related forms of energy work. This is less than obvious, because major religions refuse to admit that they use energy practices in rituals. I think that they both work by relaxing consciousness and allowing the body to heal itself. Religion also adds a connection to at least the external energy of other worshipers who are praying to the same god. These external connections help to stimulate internal energy flow. The human energy links are the heart and mind. Thus, energy connections can be formed by simple intent, by love, and by a combination of these in a religion. The affirmations appear to help engage intent.
So many disciplines are designed to distinguish themselves for economic purposes that they fail to meet their highest potential. Prayer is fine, but it would be much greater by sharing its energetic commonality with other disciplines. Combining prayer with healing techniques makes both more effective.
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taoistpunk
because the monks wouldn't have me..
11:31 PM on 01/19/2012
your descriptions are vague enough that i'm not going to bother addressing them. and if tong ren make you feel good, i've got nothing to say about that either.

but i see no logic in the points you make, and no evidence for distance healing.
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David4FreePress
I am a volunteer, Tong Ren distant energy healer.
10:09 AM on 01/20/2012
Doesn't the Tao recognize energy in everything? I don't care what you choose to see.
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David4FreePress
I am a volunteer, Tong Ren distant energy healer.
11:24 AM on 01/20/2012
Thank you. I apologize for my callousness.
Those of us who practice Tong Ren see a great deal of benefit produced from it in others as well as in ourselves. While helping others, we experience a growth in consciousness of subtle energy. As a result, we want to bring the benefits of using subtle energy to others, including many people who resist accepting a new belief system like the Tao. The intent based work of Tong Ren is sufficient to show people benefits and open them to learning more. Even if I don't know its true nature, I can and do use subtle energy to help others to heal. Being a student of subtle energy, I accept the fact that defining it means that I don't know its true essence.
My postings are vague to get others to think about it. My comments about religion are not directed at the Tao.
Thanks again for your longer post.
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UnderTheHedgeWeGo
Show me some evidence.
09:36 AM on 01/20/2012
What "energy"? Energy is a real thing. Energy can be measured. How do we "connection to at least the external energy of other worshipers"?
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David4FreePress
I am a volunteer, Tong Ren distant energy healer.
10:07 AM on 01/20/2012
The energy is known as subtle energy and it is used in many practices such as chi gong, Reiki and Ayerveda. External connection is created by internal energy flow, which flow is necessary for life. We all have. Some people use it. Some people ignore it, and some people deny it. When people are young they are full of energy and can easily ignore subtle energy, but aging makes subtle energy more apparent and useable. Subtle energy is a part or religious practices and is available through those practices.