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The Three Faces of Anger: Which One Is Yours?

Posted: 01/31/11 09:07 AM ET

Holding onto anger is like grasping onto a hot coal with the intent of throwing it at someone else. You are the one who gets burned. -- Buddha

Anger is one of the most powerful emotions human beings love to judge... and ignore. Because we don't like to deal with anger, our psyches have developed subtle and creative ways to cope with it. Hence, it doesn't always show up as familiar short bursts of rage; it can be much more subtle or insidious.

We express anger using three primary styles. Some of us are short-tempered: quick to erupt when something goes "wrong" or when we don't like what's happening. This is the most obvious kind of anger, and most uncomfortable for us to deal with. Many people are afraid of the aggressive, "erupt like a volcano" face of anger and are not likely to speak their minds or feel safe around those who show it. This can leave aggressive people feeling lonely and isolated.

Others turn their anger inwards. They appear agreeable and even easygoing on the outside, but only because they swallow their true feelings. This passive face of anger often leads to serious health problems as their angry feelings turn inward. They are usually perceived as the "wallflower," and often do not get deeply engaged in life.

The third face is passive-aggressive anger. Frequently the most frustrating kind of anger expression, it takes some time to recognize. Passive-aggressive people seem calm and able to take things in stride; rather than speaking up, they simmer and hold on to their anger. Of course, they eventually do release it... by withholding information, letting their friends down, sneaking behind their spouse's back, or making their colleagues wait for something important. Passive-aggressive anger creates distrust and people learn not to count on them.

Whether we are in touch with it or not, overtly express it or not, the truth is that anger is a natural reaction living inside all of us. It surfaces whenever we feel betrayed, disappointed, frustrated, violated, abused, hurt, controlled, neglected, disrespected or merely challenged. Although we think we are reacting to these feelings, they are actually covering a deeper, primal fear or sense of personal threat.

Which face of anger do you show most often? Sometimes we have different styles at different times or places. For example, we might be aggressive at work and passive aggressive at home. To find out, take a look at the following list of tell-tale emotional signs.

If you express your anger directly and aggressively you may experience the following:

Physically:

  • hot in the neck/face
  • increased and rapid heart rate
  • pacing
  • sweating, especially your palms
  • shaking or trembling
  • acting in an abusive or abrasive manner
  • beginning to yell, scream or cry

Emotionally you may feel:

  • resentful
  • rage
  • out of control
  • anxious
  • like striking out verbally or physically

If you express it passive aggressively you have learned not to allow yourself to feel anger. Your anger is likely to appear as follows:

Physically:

  • Denial or rationalization about your behavior
  • Getting sarcastic
  • An impulse to get away from the situation
  • Rubbing your head
  • Becoming silent or withholding
  • Isolating
  • Compulsive eating, spending, cleaning or sex
  • Revenge fantasies

Emotionally you may feel:

  • Irritated
  • Resentful
  • Fearful
  • Dominated
  • Powerless
  • Sad or depressed
  • Guilty

If you express your anger in a passive and self-inflicting way, you may experience:

Physically:

  • Clenching your jaws or grinding your teeth
  • Headache
  • Stomachache
  • Some form of self-mutilation; biting nails and picking on the cuticles, hitting something with bare fist, banging your head, etc.
  • Increased and rapid heart rate
  • Dizziness
  • Beginning to cry
  • Compulsive eating, spending, cleaning or sex

Emotionally you may feel:

  • Self-loathing
  • Stupid
  • Bad
  • Sad or depressed
  • Guilty

In addition to these faces of anger there is also a healthier, more balanced style we may express at times: the assertive style. Few of us are able to consistently respond assertively to anger, because we don't have many role models for this style. On the contrary, many of us were taught that expressing our negative emotions showed weakness, and expressing anger was particularly frowned upon. Not having the proper models or tools we developed one or more of these three styles as our adaptive mechanism.

Those of us who respond assertively when angry do not feel threatened by conflict and don't take it personally. They don't jump to conclusions; instead they seek clarification before reacting. Upon hearing something that sounds upsetting or threatening, they assume there is a misunderstanding and ask for clarification. They offer the benefit of the doubt and trust that it is possible to sort out any disagreement. Conflict-ridden situations transform to constructive dialogues that bring clarity for all involved. We all can learn how to become better assertive communicators.

It begins by identifying your face or faces of anger. If you can't figure it out on your own, ask someone in your life to help you recognize your style.

 

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Holding onto anger is like grasping onto a hot coal with the intent of throwing it at someone else. You are the one who gets burned. -- Buddha Anger is one of the most powerful emotions human beings...
Holding onto anger is like grasping onto a hot coal with the intent of throwing it at someone else. You are the one who gets burned. -- Buddha Anger is one of the most powerful emotions human beings...
 
 
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Love, Tolerance, Enlightenment
06:03 PM on 02/03/2011
Thought provoking article, thanks. I lean toward gently expressing my clear anger best case, but going passive aggressive when I lack the power to withstand the consequences of provoking the object of my anger.
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db08
Embrace each moment, each day
07:35 AM on 02/02/2011
We live in a society where our popular culture and, at times, our national narrative celebrates aggressive anger. Many film heroes are scripted to lose a loved one which then becomes an excuse for all kinds of sanctioned murder and mayhem. Our current President is often belittled because some feel he is not acting aggressively, that he is "too cool.". We do need more assertive role models and celebrate that behavior.
11:18 PM on 02/01/2011
I have found that using Gary Craig's EFT (emotional freedom technique) and Hale Dwoskin's "Sedona" releasing method have enabled me to let go of a substantial amount of anger, especially driving in traffic and in situations where I feel powerless and unappreciated (like my job). These methods are both easy and quick to do, with nothing to buy beyond a $10 or $15 book. Seriously, it really works.
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WoodsideCraig
Author of the blog "The Weiler Psi"
06:18 PM on 02/01/2011
I forgot to mention that I think that this is a really useful map of anger and worth remembering.
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WoodsideCraig
Author of the blog "The Weiler Psi"
06:16 PM on 02/01/2011
Assertive is what comes after you learn to deal with your anger. Until then, anger will always get to you waaaay before your ability to be rational will. This is hardwired in. Rational signals in the brain process slower than fear, (anger is a form of fear).

couple that with the fact that as emotions rise, they have a proportional effect on our rational thinking and it can be really challenging to be rational and assertive. I've learned this, but it's not something you can pick up in a blog or at a weekend retreat. Mastering anger and fear can take decades depending on where you start. Seriously. It's that difficult.
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Widespread Panic
does anyone really care??
05:13 PM on 02/01/2011
I range from passive-aggressive to aggressive, it just depends on the situation. I do tend to internalize most of my anger til there's one small thing that ticks me off and causes me to explode. I seem to be emulating my parents way of expressing anger - and they were always angry. I hope to change that.
01:05 PM on 02/01/2011
Great Blog! Since witnessing a lot of anger in my family with my mother trying to create peace, I felt totally helpless as a child and traumatized re: anger. I avoid anger like the plague and never allow myself to express anger in any form. Thanks to teachings such as this I can see how much hard work I still have to go to.
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BadBadKitty
Dirty Goddess. Playful Warrior. Aphrodite Energy.
01:44 AM on 02/01/2011
For most of my life, I have been extremely sensitive when others made fun of me or attacked me. And I have expressed my anger directly and forcefully, in an effort to protect myself from being hurt.
Now, I am trusting my intuition more, and learning to set healthy boundaries, so I don't allow certain
types of people into my life.

I like the alternative that is offered, the assertive style.
I can see with some people, it can simply be a misunderstanding, and may be worth the effort to dialogue with the other to see if we can work it out.  
And learning not to feel so threatened by what others say, and not taking it personally, is the key.

Thank you!
11:19 PM on 01/31/2011
"Upon hearing something that sounds upsetting or threatening, they assume there is a misunderstanding and ask for clarification. They offer the benefit of the doubt and trust"

Sorry, this does not sound like anger. This sounds like a response one comes to after feeling the anger. This is a problem-solving mode. Anger is reptilian, not rational.
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Ronit Herzfeld
08:18 AM on 02/01/2011
You are right, anger does arise from our reptilian/mammalian brains, but there is another aspect to us human, our rational selves, and with practice we can begin to intercept those reactive impulses and replace them with responsive ones. It is not easy, and it takes time and practice, but it is worth striving for. My intention here was to get the conversation going around anger and its different expressions.
09:56 PM on 01/31/2011
I love this article, especially the way you break it down to the physical and emotional feelings that might not initially look like anger. I'm a big one for swallowing angry feelings ... and I'm not always aware I am doing it. The people in my life certainly see them though! This gives me cues to notice when I am doing it, and a choice in how to express them.
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human2008
You only live once, so live for a human purpose.
04:34 PM on 01/31/2011
Good article. "passive and self-inflicting" is probably the worst form, these people are more inclined to hurt themselves including suicidal tendancies. This is deep depression and hard to improve or manage.

Direct and passive-agressive angers can be managed and improved as the symptoms are more visible.
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Ocheco
03:54 PM on 01/31/2011
Thank you for starting a discussing on anger. Sorry I am left a bit confused here. It seems there are three options and none are correct, but at the end a forth is offered. I think this essay needs more refining, but a great topic which needs airing.
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03:49 PM on 01/31/2011
Just call me the head of the passive-agressive department. lol. I don't think it's all bad though. You have to choose battles wisely, and sometimes it's better to just let it go for the moment and deal with it later however you can.
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Mr Sick Of Greed
03:48 PM on 01/31/2011
control your emotions, do not your emotions control you, easier said than done, especially if you are trying to break that cycle......it takes time!
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human2008
You only live once, so live for a human purpose.
04:24 PM on 01/31/2011
it's almost like tracing the "delicate sound of thunder" !!

anger is almost a biological disorder, most angry people pretty much have "ME ME" personality and get hurt easily compared to average people, at some point they create their own unhappy kingdom.
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db08
Embrace each moment, each day
07:25 AM on 02/02/2011
I love your language: "tracing the delicate sound of thunder"
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gemzenith
12:46 PM on 01/31/2011
With some introspection, justified anger can be a motivator to change things.Just make sure you motives are good and fair ones, and follow through the changes, in a calm, collected fashion, after the heat of anger has passed.